EP0548004A1 - Battery contact - Google Patents

Battery contact Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0548004A1
EP0548004A1 EP92810677A EP92810677A EP0548004A1 EP 0548004 A1 EP0548004 A1 EP 0548004A1 EP 92810677 A EP92810677 A EP 92810677A EP 92810677 A EP92810677 A EP 92810677A EP 0548004 A1 EP0548004 A1 EP 0548004A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plus
accumulator
charger
minus contact
minus
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Granted
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EP92810677A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0548004B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Millauer
Manfred Spieth
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an accumulator with a coupling part which carries at least one plus-minus contact pair on the circumference.
  • Power tools are known which are equipped with direct current drive motors, the drive energy being stored in accumulators.
  • accumulators which consist of several individual cells, can be connected to the housing of the power tool.
  • the battery is electrically connected to the power tool by means of suitable coupling parts. Clamping, locking or locking elements serve to mechanically hold the accumulator on the power tool.
  • An accumulator is known from US Pat. No. 4,576,880 in which a plurality of individual cells are connected to one another in series. This arrangement achieves an accumulator voltage which corresponds to the sum of the voltages of all individual cells.
  • the interconnected individual cells are connected to a pair of plus-minus contacts arranged in the front area of the battery and tapped from the outside.
  • Very widespread coding devices consist of one or more springs arranged on the coupling part of the power tool or charger, which engage in one or more grooves arranged on the coupling part of the accumulator.
  • the accumulator has at least one spring which engages in at least one groove on the power tool or on the charger. The coding devices are intended to prevent the use of incorrect accumulators.
  • a disadvantage of the plus-minus contact pairs arranged on the housing of the rechargeable battery is the fact that there are different manufacturers who offer rechargeable batteries whose housings are similar in terms of shape and housing cross-section in such a way that they can be used with power tools or chargers from other manufacturers can be associated. However, they differ in that they are partly poled differently.
  • poles of the plus-minus contact pair of the rechargeable battery are exchanged with the poles of the plus-minus contact pair arranged on the power tool or the charger, this can damage the rechargeable battery, the charger or the power tool. A damaged battery can no longer be charged. In the worst case, the accumulator can explode in the event of a short circuit.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an accumulator, the contact arrangement is selected so that incorrect contact with the charger or the power tool is excluded and thus the safety of the craftsman is ensured.
  • the cross-sectional area of the coupling part can be subdivided into sub-areas that are symmetrically point-symmetrical and that a plus-minus contact pair is provided within at least one sub-area.
  • the accumulator is preferably distinguished by the fact that at least two partial areas each have a plus-minus contact pair lying opposite one another in a point-symmetrical manner.
  • the battery cells arranged in the interior of the battery are normally arranged in series one behind the other and conductively connected to one another.
  • the accumulator cells arranged in the accumulator can be divided into several individual blocks, each block being assigned to a plus-minus contact pair that can be tapped from the outside of the housing in the area of the coupling part.
  • These blocks can be designed in different ways.
  • the number of individual cells arranged in the individual blocks can vary. As a result, voltages of different levels can be tapped with the corresponding plus-minus contact pairs.
  • control electronics can process the energy of the individual blocks one after the other. If, for example, an accumulator has two blocks, each with a voltage of 12 volts, their energy can be processed in two different ways with the aid of internal control electronics built into the power tool.
  • the contacts of two plus-minus contact pairs are advantageously arranged symmetrically with respect to the halving of the surface forming the same size and with respect to the straight line perpendicular to the bisector which runs through the center of gravity of the partial surfaces.
  • the charging device for the accumulator preferably has a coupling part, the cross-sectional area of the coupling part preferably being subdivided into sub-areas which are symmetrical in terms of point symmetry, and a plus-minus contact pair being provided within at least one of the sub-areas.
  • the plus-minus contact pair Due to the arrangement of the plus-minus contact pair in one partial area, it is not necessary to pay attention to how the battery is aligned when inserting a battery into the charger. Since the plus-minus contact pair is only arranged in one partial area, incorrect contact cannot occur.
  • the charger is expediently characterized in that at least two partial areas each have a pair of plus-minus contacts opposite one another in a point-symmetrical manner.
  • the point-symmetrical arrangement of the plus-minus contact pairs makes it possible to charge an accumulator consisting of at least one block.
  • Such a charger which is designed for a 12 V charging voltage, has the advantages that it can be produced more economically on account of the inexpensive components and that the active components of the charger have lower dielectric strength requirements.
  • the individual blocks of the accumulator are charged one after the other. If it is a charger with only one plus-minus contact pair, the accumulator must be removed from the charging slot between the charging processes or separated from the coupling part of the charger and rotated in the circumferential direction until the next plus-minus contact pair of the Accumulator is aligned with the plus-minus contact pair of the charger. The accumulator is then reconnected to the charger. When a block is loaded, this can be indicated by a signal.
  • the point-symmetrical arrangement of the plus-minus contact pairs is advantageous, since in the case of a charger with several plus-minus contact pairs, to which 12V charging voltage is applied in succession, it is not necessary to pay attention to how the battery is inserted into the charging slot. Contact is guaranteed in any case.
  • the charger is expediently characterized in that the contacts of two plus-minus contact pairs are arranged symmetrically with respect to the bisector forming the same partial areas and the straight lines perpendicular to the bisector, which extend through the center of gravity of the partial surfaces.
  • the symmetrical arrangement of the plus-minus contact pairs mentioned above is preferable. This creates more even or evenly distributed stresses during machining.
  • the “normal” charger differs from the “quick” charger by a 6 times longer charging time. This "normal” charger is cheaper to manufacture due to the simpler electrical components used.
  • the accumulators which are suitable for the charging process in a "fast” charger have a different chemical structure, in contrast to the accumulators used in "normal” chargers. If one were to insert a battery suitable for a "normal” charger into a “quick” charger, this would lead to damage or an explosion of this battery.
  • the accumulator So that the accumulator can be inserted into the "normal” charger, it must have a recess that receives the locking device. This measure does not hinder the insertion of an accumulator for "quick" chargers into the "normal” charger.
  • FIG. 1 shows an accumulator 1 which has two blocks A, B, five individual cells 4 which are connected to one another in a serially conductive manner being arranged in each block.
  • the housing 2 of the accumulator 1 is designed as a coupling part 3 at one end.
  • Arranged on the coupling part 3 are two pairs of positive and negative contacts 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b which can be tapped from the outside and are each connected to the blocks A, B.
  • each plus-minus contact pair 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b being arranged in a partial area 5, 6 of the cross-sectional area.
  • the number of individual cells 4 in the individual blocks A, B can be the same or different. In both cases the sum of the voltages of the blocks A, B is the voltage of the accumulator 1.
  • An example is an accumulator that consists of two 12 V blocks. Such a battery can be used to operate power tools that are designed for 12 or 24 V.
  • a serial processing of the charging energy can take place through an internal control electronics housed in the power tool.
  • a voltage of 24 V is therefore available.
  • a voltage of 12 V with double capacity is available.
  • FIG. 3 shows the charging slot of a charger 9 with the coupling part 10a, the cross-sectional area of which is subdivided into two sub-areas 7, 8 which are identical in terms of point symmetry, with a plus-minus contact pair 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b in each sub-area 7, 8 is arranged.
  • the charger 9 required for the charging process can thus be designed for a voltage of 12 V. Due to the low charging voltage of 12 V, the corresponding components in the charger 9 can be designed for 12 V.
  • the charger 9 is thus more economical to produce, since the individual components are considerably cheaper than the components for a charger 9, which is designed for a charging voltage of 24 V.
  • the completed charging process of the first block A can be indicated with a signal generator, for example in the form of a lamp or a sound signal.
  • the next block B can then be charged by manually rotating the accumulator in the circumferential direction.
  • the charger 9 can also be designed such that plus-minus contact pairs 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b are arranged in the housing 10 in the area of the coupling part 10a, the number of which is equal to the number of plus-minus arranged on the housing 2 of the accumulator 1.
  • Contact pairs 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b correspond. In this somewhat more complex charger 9, it is no longer necessary to manually rotate the accumulator 1 in the circumferential direction.
  • Blocks A, B connected to the individual plus-minus contact pairs 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b are charged one after the other by means of internal charging electronics.
  • a 24 volt accumulator (not shown) can also be divided into three blocks, so that the charger only has to be designed for a charging voltage of 8 volts.
  • a corresponding series connection of the individual blocks in the power tool provides a voltage of 24 volts.
  • FIG. 4 shows the cross-sectional area of the coupling part 13 of a rechargeable battery 11, which is divided into sub-areas 15, 16 that are identical in point symmetry, and which has a plus-minus contact pair 15a, 15b.
  • the plus-minus contact pair 15a, 15b is arranged in the partial surface 15.
  • Each individual cell of the accumulator 11 has an energy of 1.2 to 4 Ah and a voltage of approximately 1.2 volts when used in power tools.
  • FIG. 5 shows the charging slot of a charger 19 with the coupling part 20a, the cross-sectional area of which is also subdivided into two sub-areas 17, 18 of identical symmetry, one plus-minus contact pair 17a, 17b being arranged in one of the sub-areas 17.
  • the charger 19 has a housing 20 with high stability.
  • the charger 9 has a power supply unit with a transformer and rectifier part.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)

Abstract

In its interior, the accumulator (1) has individual cells (4) which are divided into blocks (A, B) which are connected to one another in series in an electrically conductive manner. The accumulator (1) has plus-minus pairs of contacts (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b) whose number corresponds to the number of blocks (A, B) and which can be picked off from the outside. Applied to each plus-minus pair of contacts (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b) is a voltage which corresponds to the sum of the voltages of the individual cells (4) which are combined to form a block (A, B). In suitably constructed chargers, the charging process of the individual blocks (A, B) takes place successively so that the charger is designed for a charging voltage which corresponds to the voltage of one block (A, B). The voltage of the individual blocks (A, B) can be picked off in serial or parallel form by means of suitable electronics in the electrical tool. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Akkumulator mit einem Kupplungsteil, das am Umfang wenigstens ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar trägt.The invention relates to an accumulator with a coupling part which carries at least one plus-minus contact pair on the circumference.

Es sind Elektrowerkzeuge bekannt, die mit Gleichstrom-Antriebsmotoren ausgerüstet sind, wobei die Antriebsenergie in Akkumulatoren gespeichert ist. Diese aus mehreren Einzelzellen bestehenden Akkumulatoren können mit dem Gehäuse des Elektrowerkzeuges verbunden werden. Die elektrische Verbindung des Akkumulators mit dem Elektrowerkzeug erfolgt mittels geeigneter Kupplungsteile. Der mechanischen Halterung des Akkumulators am Elektrowerkzeug dienen Klemm-, Verriegelungs- oder Rastelemente.Power tools are known which are equipped with direct current drive motors, the drive energy being stored in accumulators. These accumulators, which consist of several individual cells, can be connected to the housing of the power tool. The battery is electrically connected to the power tool by means of suitable coupling parts. Clamping, locking or locking elements serve to mechanically hold the accumulator on the power tool.

Aus der US-PS 4 576 880 ist ein Akkumulator bekannt, in dem mehrere Einzelzellen seriell miteinander verbunden sind. Durch diese Anordnung wird eine Akkumulatorspannung erreicht, die der Summe der Spannungen aller Einzelzellen entspricht. Die miteinander verbundenen Einzelzellen sind mit einem im stirnseitigen Bereich des Akkumulators angeordneten, von aussen abgreifbaren Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar verbunden.An accumulator is known from US Pat. No. 4,576,880 in which a plurality of individual cells are connected to one another in series. This arrangement achieves an accumulator voltage which corresponds to the sum of the voltages of all individual cells. The interconnected individual cells are connected to a pair of plus-minus contacts arranged in the front area of the battery and tapped from the outside.

Damit dieser bekannte Akkumulator jeweils nur mit Elektrowerkzeugen mit der gleichen Akkumulatorspannung bzw mit den richtigen Polen in Verbindung gebracht werden kann, ist im Kupplungsteil eine mechanische Codiereinrichtung angeordnet. Zwei einander gegenüberliegend am Gehäuse des Akkumulators angeordnete Federn sollen eine falsche Kontaktierung des Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare sowohl mit dem Elektrowerkzeug als auch mit dem Ladegerät verhindern.So that this known accumulator can only be connected with power tools with the same accumulator voltage or with the correct poles, a mechanical coding device is arranged in the coupling part. Two springs arranged opposite one another on the housing of the accumulator are intended to prevent incorrect contacting of the plus-minus contact pairs both with the power tool and with the charger.

Sehr weit verbreitete Codiereinrichtungen bestehen aus einer oder mehreren am Kupplungsteil des Elektrowerkzeuges bzw Ladegerätes angeordneten Federn, die in eine oder mehrere am Kupplungsteil des Akkumulators angeordnete Nuten eingreifen. Es gibt auch Codiereinrichtungen, bei denen der Akkumulator wenigstens eine Feder aufweist, die in wenigstens eine Nut am Elektrowerkzeug bzw am Ladegerät eingreift. Durch die Codiereinrichtungen soll die Verwendung falscher Akkumulatoren verhindert werden.Very widespread coding devices consist of one or more springs arranged on the coupling part of the power tool or charger, which engage in one or more grooves arranged on the coupling part of the accumulator. There are also coding devices in which the accumulator has at least one spring which engages in at least one groove on the power tool or on the charger. The coding devices are intended to prevent the use of incorrect accumulators.

Nachteilig bei am Gehäuse des Akkumulators angeordneten Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaaren wirkt sich der Umstand aus, dass es verschiedene Hersteller gibt, die Akkumulatoren anbieten, deren Gehäuse sich in bezug auf die Form und den Gehäusequerschnitt derart gleichen, dass sie mit Elektrowerkzeugen bzw Ladegeräten anderer Hersteller in Verbindung gebracht werden können. Sie unterscheiden sich aber dadurch, dass sie teilweise unterschiedlich gepolt sind.A disadvantage of the plus-minus contact pairs arranged on the housing of the rechargeable battery is the fact that there are different manufacturers who offer rechargeable batteries whose housings are similar in terms of shape and housing cross-section in such a way that they can be used with power tools or chargers from other manufacturers can be associated. However, they differ in that they are partly poled differently.

Wenn die Pole des Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaares des Akkumulators gegenüber den am Elektrowerkzeug bzw am Ladegerät angeordneten Polen des Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaares vertauscht sind, kann dies zu einer Beschädigung des Akkumulators, des Ladegerätes oder des Elektrowerkzeuges führen. Ein beschädigterAkkumuIator kann nicht mehr aufgeladen werden. Im schlimmsten Fall kann der Akkumulator bei einem Kurzschluss explodieren.If the poles of the plus-minus contact pair of the rechargeable battery are exchanged with the poles of the plus-minus contact pair arranged on the power tool or the charger, this can damage the rechargeable battery, the charger or the power tool. A damaged battery can no longer be charged. In the worst case, the accumulator can explode in the event of a short circuit.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Akkumulator zu schaffen, dessen Kontaktanordnung so gewählt ist, dass eine falsche Kontaktierung mit dem Ladegerät oder dem Elektrowerkzeug ausgeschlossen ist und damit die Sicherheit des Handwerkers gewährleistet wird.The invention has for its object to provide an accumulator, the contact arrangement is selected so that incorrect contact with the charger or the power tool is excluded and thus the safety of the craftsman is ensured.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass die Querschnittsfläche des Kupplungsteiles in punktsymmetrisch gleiche Teilflächen unterteilbar ist und innerhalb wenigstens einer Teilfläche ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar vorgesehen ist.According to the invention, this is achieved in that the cross-sectional area of the coupling part can be subdivided into sub-areas that are symmetrically point-symmetrical and that a plus-minus contact pair is provided within at least one sub-area.

Durch die Anordnung des Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaares in einer Teilfläche kann keine Fehlkontaktierung stattfinden, wenn der Akkumulator um 1800 in Umfangsrichtung verdreht mit dem Ladegerät bzw. mit dem Elektrowerkzeug in Verbindung gebracht wird.The arrangement of the plus-minus contact pair in a partial area no faulty contact can take place, if the accumulator 180 0 twisted in the circumferential direction with the charger and is brought to the power tool in connection.

Vorzugsweise zeichnet sich der Akkumulator dadurch aus, dass wenigstens zwei Teilflächen je ein einander punktsymmetrisch gegenüberliegendes Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar aufweisen. Die im Innern des Akkumulators angeordneten Akkumulatorzellen sind normalerweise seriell hintereinander angeordnet und miteinander leitend verbunden. Durch die Anordnung mehrerer Plus-Minus -Kontaktpaare können die in dem Akkumulator angeordneten Akkumulatorzellen in mehrere einzelne Blöcke aufgeteilt werden, wobei jeder Block einem von aussen am Gehäuse im Bereich des Kupplungsteiles abgreifbaren Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar zugeordnet ist.The accumulator is preferably distinguished by the fact that at least two partial areas each have a plus-minus contact pair lying opposite one another in a point-symmetrical manner. The battery cells arranged in the interior of the battery are normally arranged in series one behind the other and conductively connected to one another. By arranging several plus-minus contact pairs, the accumulator cells arranged in the accumulator can be divided into several individual blocks, each block being assigned to a plus-minus contact pair that can be tapped from the outside of the housing in the area of the coupling part.

Diese Blöcke können verschiedenartig ausgebildet sein. Die Anzahl der in den einzelnen Blöcken angeordneten Einzelzellen kann unterschiedlich hoch sein. Dadurch sind bei den entsprechenden Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaaren unterschiedlich hohe Spannungen abgreifbar.These blocks can be designed in different ways. The number of individual cells arranged in the individual blocks can vary. As a result, voltages of different levels can be tapped with the corresponding plus-minus contact pairs.

Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, dass die Anzahl der Einzelzellen in den einzelnen Blöcken gleich hoch ist. Beim Einsatz eines solchen Akkumulators in einem Elektrowerkzeug kann die Regelelektronik die Energie der einzelnen Blöcke nacheinander abarbeiten. Weist ein Akkumulator zB zwei Blöcke mit jeweils 12 Volt Spannung auf, so kann deren Energie mit Hilfe einer internen im Elektrowerkzeug eingebauten Regelelektronik auf zwei verschiedene Arten abgearbeitet werden.Another possibility is that the number of individual cells in the individual blocks is the same. When using such an accumulator in a power tool, the control electronics can process the energy of the individual blocks one after the other. If, for example, an accumulator has two blocks, each with a voltage of 12 volts, their energy can be processed in two different ways with the aid of internal control electronics built into the power tool.

Durch die Parallelschaltung beider Blöcke steht für den Antrieb eines Elektrowerkzeuges eine Spannung von 12 V bei doppelter Kapazität zur Verfügung. Das bedeutet, dass das Elektrowerkzeug gegenüber einem einzelnen Block mit 12 V doppelt so lange betrieben werden kann.By connecting both blocks in parallel, a voltage of 12 V is available at twice the capacity for driving an electric tool. This means that the power tool can be operated twice as long compared to a single block with 12 V.

Durch die serielle Verbindung der Blöcke wird eine Spannung erreicht, die der Summe der Spannungen aller Blöcke entspricht. In Bezug auf das Beispiel, bei dem innerhalb eines Akkumulators zwei Blöcke mit jeweils 12 V angeordnet sind, kann auf diese Weise ein Elektrowerkzeug mit einer Spannung von 24 V angetrieben werden.By connecting the blocks in series, a voltage is reached that is the sum of the voltages of all blocks. With regard to the example in which two blocks with 12 V each are arranged within an accumulator, an electric tool with a voltage of 24 V can be driven in this way.

Vorteilhafterweise sind die Kontakte zweier Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare in bezug auf die gleich grosse Teilflächen bildende Flächenhalbierung und in bezug auf die senkrecht zur Flächenhalbierenden, durch den Flächenschwerpunkt der Teilflächen verlaufenden Geraden symmetrisch angeordnet.The contacts of two plus-minus contact pairs are advantageously arranged symmetrically with respect to the halving of the surface forming the same size and with respect to the straight line perpendicular to the bisector which runs through the center of gravity of the partial surfaces.

Aufgrund der symmetrischen Anordnung der Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare kann im Innern des Akkumulators die Verdrahtung der einzelnen Blöcke mit den zugeordneten Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaaren gleichartig erfolgen. Dies sind wesentliche fertigungstechnische Vorteile, die sich auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Herstellung des Akkumulators auswirken.Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the plus-minus contact pairs, the wiring of the individual blocks with the assigned plus-minus contact pairs can take place in the interior of the accumulator in the same way. These are significant advantages in terms of manufacturing technology, which have an impact on the cost-effectiveness of manufacturing the rechargeable battery.

Das Ladegerät für den Akkumulator weist vorzugsweise ein Kupplungsteil auf, wobei die Querschnittsfläche des Kupplungsteiles vorzugsweise in punktsymmetrisch gleiche Teilflächen unterteilbar ist und innerhalb wenigstens einer der Teilfläche ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar vorgesehen ist.The charging device for the accumulator preferably has a coupling part, the cross-sectional area of the coupling part preferably being subdivided into sub-areas which are symmetrical in terms of point symmetry, and a plus-minus contact pair being provided within at least one of the sub-areas.

Durch die Anordnung des Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaares in einer Teilfläche muss beim Einstecken eines Akkumulators in das Ladegerät nicht darauf geachtet werden, wie der Akkumulator ausgerichtet ist. Da das Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar nur in einer Teilfläche angeordnet ist, kann keine Fehlkontaktierung erfolgen.Due to the arrangement of the plus-minus contact pair in one partial area, it is not necessary to pay attention to how the battery is aligned when inserting a battery into the charger. Since the plus-minus contact pair is only arranged in one partial area, incorrect contact cannot occur.

Das Ladegerät zeichnet sich zweckmässigerweise dadurch aus, dass wenigstens zwei Teilflächen je ein einander punktsymmetrisch gegenüberliegendes Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar aufweisen.The charger is expediently characterized in that at least two partial areas each have a pair of plus-minus contacts opposite one another in a point-symmetrical manner.

Durch die punktsymmetrische Anordnung der Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare ist es möglich, einen aus wenigstens einem Block bestehenden Akkumulator aufzuladen. Ein derartiges Ladegerät das auf 12 V-Ladespannung ausgelegt ist, weist die Vorteile auf, dass es aufgrund der preisgünstigen Bauteile wirtschaftlicher herstellbar ist und dass geringere Spannungsfestigkeitsanforderungen an die aktiven Bauteile des Ladegerätes gestellt werden.The point-symmetrical arrangement of the plus-minus contact pairs makes it possible to charge an accumulator consisting of at least one block. Such a charger, which is designed for a 12 V charging voltage, has the advantages that it can be produced more economically on account of the inexpensive components and that the active components of the charger have lower dielectric strength requirements.

Die Aufladung der einzelnen Blöcke des Akkumulators erfolgt nacheinander. Handelt es sich um ein Ladegerät mit nur einem Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar, so muss der Akkumulator zwischen den Ladevorgängen aus dem Ladeschacht herausgenommen bzw von dem Kupplungsteil des Ladegerätes getrennt und in Umfangsrichtung so weit gedreht werden, bis das nächste Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar des Akkumulators gegenüber dem Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaardes Ladegerätes ausgerichtet ist. Anschliessend wird derAkkumulatorwieder mit dem Ladegerät verbunden. Ist der Ladevorgang eines Blockes abgeschlossen, kann dies jeweils durch ein Signal angezeigt werden.The individual blocks of the accumulator are charged one after the other. If it is a charger with only one plus-minus contact pair, the accumulator must be removed from the charging slot between the charging processes or separated from the coupling part of the charger and rotated in the circumferential direction until the next plus-minus contact pair of the Accumulator is aligned with the plus-minus contact pair of the charger. The accumulator is then reconnected to the charger. When a block is loaded, this can be indicated by a signal.

Bei sogenannten Schnelladegeräten ist die punktsymmetrische Anordnung der Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare vorteilhaft, da bei einem Ladegerät mit mehreren Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaaren, an denen jeweils 12V Ladespannung nacheinander anliegt, nicht darauf geachtet werden muss, wie der Akkumulator in den Ladeschacht eingesetzt wird. Eine Kontaktierung ist in jedem Fall gewährleistet.In the case of so-called quick chargers, the point-symmetrical arrangement of the plus-minus contact pairs is advantageous, since in the case of a charger with several plus-minus contact pairs, to which 12V charging voltage is applied in succession, it is not necessary to pay attention to how the battery is inserted into the charging slot. Contact is guaranteed in any case.

Zweckmässigerweise zeichnet sich das Ladegerät dadurch aus, dass die Kontakte zweier Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare in bezug auf die gleich grosse Teilflächen bildende Flächenhalbierende und die senkrecht zur Flächenhalbierenden stehenden, durch den Flächenschwerpunkt der Teilflächen verlaufenden Geraden symmetrisch angeordnet sind.The charger is expediently characterized in that the contacts of two plus-minus contact pairs are arranged symmetrically with respect to the bisector forming the same partial areas and the straight lines perpendicular to the bisector, which extend through the center of gravity of the partial surfaces.

Aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen, die sich auf die Herstellung des Kupplungsteiles des Ladegerätes beziehen, ist die oben erwähnte symmetrische Anordnung der Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare vorzuziehen. Dadurch entstehen gleichmässigere bzw. gleichmässiger verteilte Spannungen während der Bearbeitung.For technical reasons relating to the manufacture of the coupling part of the charger, the symmetrical arrangement of the plus-minus contact pairs mentioned above is preferable. This creates more even or evenly distributed stresses during machining.

In bezug auf die Dauer der Aufladung gleich starker Akkumulatoren gibt es im wesentlichen zwei unterschiedliche Ladegeräte. Das "Normal"-Ladegerät unterscheidet sich von dem "Schnell"-Ladegerät durch eine 6-fach längere Aufladezeit. Dieses "Normal"-Ladegerät ist durch die verwendeten einfacheren elektrischen Bauteile preisgünstiger herstellbar.With regard to the duration of the charging of batteries of the same strength, there are essentially two different chargers. The "normal" charger differs from the "quick" charger by a 6 times longer charging time. This "normal" charger is cheaper to manufacture due to the simpler electrical components used.

Die Akkumulatoren, die sich für den Aufladevorgang in einem "Schnell"-Ladegerät eignen, weisen einen anderen chemischen Aufbau, im Gegensatz zu den in "Normal"-Ladegeräten vewendeten Akkumulatoren, auf. Würde man einen für ein "Normal"Ladegerät geeigneten Akkumulator in ein "Schnell"-Ladegerät einsetzen, so würde dies zu einer Beschädigung bzw. zu einer Explosion dieses Akkumulators führen.The accumulators which are suitable for the charging process in a "fast" charger have a different chemical structure, in contrast to the accumulators used in "normal" chargers. If one were to insert a battery suitable for a "normal" charger into a "quick" charger, this would lead to damage or an explosion of this battery.

Damit dies verhindert werden kann, besteht die Möglichkeit, am Akkumulator im Bereich des Kupplungsteiles eine Sperreinrichtung anzubringen, die das Einsetzen des für "Normal"Ladegeräte geeigneten Akkumulators in das "Schnell"-Ladegerät verhindert.So that this can be prevented, there is the possibility of attaching a locking device to the accumulator in the area of the coupling part, which prevents the accumulator suitable for "normal" chargers from being inserted into the "quick" charger.

Damit der Akkumulator aber in das "Normal"-Ladegerät eingesetzt werden kann, muss dieses eine die Sperreinrichtung aufnehmende Ausnehmung aufweisen. Durch diese Massnahme wird das Einsetzen eines Akkumulators für "Schnell"-Ladegeräte in das "Normal"-Ladegerät nicht behindert.So that the accumulator can be inserted into the "normal" charger, it must have a recess that receives the locking device. This measure does not hinder the insertion of an accumulator for "quick" chargers into the "normal" charger.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Zeichnungen, die mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele näher zeigen, erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Akkumulator mit zwei Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaaren;
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch den Akkumulator gemäss Fig. 1 entlang der Linie II-II;
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf ein Ladegerät, dessen Ladeschacht zwei Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare aufweist.
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt entsprechend Schnittverlauf der Fig. 1 durch einen Akkumulatormiteinem Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar;
  • Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf ein Ladegerät, dessen Ladeschacht ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar aufweist;
The invention is explained below with reference to drawings, which show several exemplary embodiments. Show it:
  • 1 shows an accumulator with two plus-minus contact pairs.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the accumulator according to FIG. 1 along the line II-II;
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of a charger, the charging slot has two plus-minus contact pairs.
  • Fig. 4 is a section corresponding to the section of Fig. 1 through an accumulator with a plus-minus contact pair;
  • 5 shows a plan view of a charger, the charging slot of which has a plus-minus contact pair;

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Akkumulator 1 dargestellt, der zwei Blöcke A, B aufweist, wobei in jedem Block jeweils fünf seriell leitend miteinander verbundene Einzelzellen 4 angeordnet sind. Das Gehäuse 2 des Akkumulators 1 ist an einem Ende als Kupplungsteil 3 ausgebildet. Am Kupplungsteil 3 sind zwei von aussen abgreifbare, jeweils mit den Blöcken A, B in Verbindung stehende Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b angeordnet.1 shows an accumulator 1 which has two blocks A, B, five individual cells 4 which are connected to one another in a serially conductive manner being arranged in each block. The housing 2 of the accumulator 1 is designed as a coupling part 3 at one end. Arranged on the coupling part 3 are two pairs of positive and negative contacts 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b which can be tapped from the outside and are each connected to the blocks A, B.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Akkumulator 1 mit zwei einander punktsymmetrisch gegenüberliegenden Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaaren 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, wobei jedes Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b in einer Teilfläche 5, 6 der Querschnittsfläche angeordnet ist. Die Anzahl der Einzelzellen 4 in den einzelnen Blöcken A, B kann gleich oder unterschiedlich sein. In beiden Fällen beträgt die Summe der Spannungen der Blöcke A, B der Spannung des Akkumulators 1.2 shows an accumulator 1 with two plus-minus contact pairs 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b opposite each other in a point-symmetrical manner, each plus-minus contact pair 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b being arranged in a partial area 5, 6 of the cross-sectional area. The number of individual cells 4 in the individual blocks A, B can be the same or different. In both cases the sum of the voltages of the blocks A, B is the voltage of the accumulator 1.

Als Beispiel sei ein Akkumulator genannt, der aus zwei 12 V-Blöcken besteht. Mit einem derartigen Akkumulator können Elektrowerkzeuge betrieben werden, die auf 12 oder 24 V ausgelegt sind.An example is an accumulator that consists of two 12 V blocks. Such a battery can be used to operate power tools that are designed for 12 or 24 V.

Durch eine interne, im Elektrowerkzeug untergebrachte Regelelektronik kann eine serielle Abarbeitung der Ladeenergie erfolgen. Es steht somit eine Spannung von 24 V zur Verfügung. Mittels einer Parallelschaltung beider Blöcke steht eine Spannung von 12 V bei doppelter Kapazität zur Verfügung.A serial processing of the charging energy can take place through an internal control electronics housed in the power tool. A voltage of 24 V is therefore available. By connecting both blocks in parallel, a voltage of 12 V with double capacity is available.

In der Fig. 3 ist der Ladeschacht eines Ladegerätes 9 mit dem Kupplungsteil 10a erkennbar, dessen Querschnittsfläche in zwei punktsymmetrisch gleiche Teilflächen 7, 8 unterteilt ist, wobei in jeder Teilfläche 7, 8 ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b angeordnet ist. Das für den Ladevorgang notwendige Ladegerät 9 kann somit auf eine Spannung von 12 V ausgelegt werden. Aufgrund der geringen Ladespannung von 12 V, können die entsprechenden Bauteile im Ladegerät 9 auf 12 V ausgelegt werden. Das Ladegerät 9 ist somit wirtschaftlicher herstellbar, da die einzelnen Komponenten erheblich billiger sind, als die Komponenten für ein Ladegerät 9, das auf eine Ladespannung von 24 V ausgelegt ist.3 shows the charging slot of a charger 9 with the coupling part 10a, the cross-sectional area of which is subdivided into two sub-areas 7, 8 which are identical in terms of point symmetry, with a plus-minus contact pair 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b in each sub-area 7, 8 is arranged. The charger 9 required for the charging process can thus be designed for a voltage of 12 V. Due to the low charging voltage of 12 V, the corresponding components in the charger 9 can be designed for 12 V. The charger 9 is thus more economical to produce, since the individual components are considerably cheaper than the components for a charger 9, which is designed for a charging voltage of 24 V.

Ist der Ladevorgang eines 12 V-Blockes A mittels eines 12 V-Ladegerätes 9 abgeschlossen, so wird anschliessend der nächste 12 V-Block B aufgeladen.If the charging process of a 12 V block A is completed by means of a 12 V charger 9, the next 12 V block B is then charged.

Mit einem Signalgeber beispielsweise in Form einer Lampe oder eines Tonsignales kann der abgeschlossene Ladevorgang des ersten Blocks A angezeigt werden. Durch manuelles Verdrehen des Akkumulators in Umfangsrichtung kann anschliessend der nächste Block B aufgeladen werden.The completed charging process of the first block A can be indicated with a signal generator, for example in the form of a lamp or a sound signal. The next block B can then be charged by manually rotating the accumulator in the circumferential direction.

Das Ladegerät 9 kann auch so ausgebildet sein, dass im Gehäuse 10 im Bereich des Kupplungsteiles 10a Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b angeordnet sind, deren Anzahl gleich der Anzahl der am Gehäuse 2 des Akkumulators 1 angeordneten Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b entsprechen. Bei diesem etwas aufwendiger gestalteten Ladegerät 9 ist es nicht mehr notwendig, den Akkumulator 1 manuell in Umfangsrichtung zu verdrehen. Mittels einer internen Ladeelektronik werden die mit den einzelnen Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaaren 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b in Verbindung stehenden Blöcke A, B nacheinander aufgeladen.The charger 9 can also be designed such that plus-minus contact pairs 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b are arranged in the housing 10 in the area of the coupling part 10a, the number of which is equal to the number of plus-minus arranged on the housing 2 of the accumulator 1. Contact pairs 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b correspond. In this somewhat more complex charger 9, it is no longer necessary to manually rotate the accumulator 1 in the circumferential direction. Blocks A, B connected to the individual plus-minus contact pairs 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b are charged one after the other by means of internal charging electronics.

Auf diese Weise kann zB auch ein nicht dargestellter 24 Volt-Akkumulator in drei Blöcke aufgeteilt werden, so dass das Ladegerät nur auf eine Ladespannung von 8 Volt ausgelegt werden muss. Durch eine entsprechende Serielschaltung der einzelnen Blöcke im Elektrowerkzeug steht eine Spannung von 24 Volt zur Verfügung.In this way, for example, a 24 volt accumulator (not shown) can also be divided into three blocks, so that the charger only has to be designed for a charging voltage of 8 volts. A corresponding series connection of the individual blocks in the power tool provides a voltage of 24 volts.

In der Fig. 4 ist die in punktsymmetrisch gleiche Teilflächen 15,16 unterteilte Querschnittsfläche des Kupplungsteiles 13 eines Akkumulators 11, der ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar 15a, 15b aufweist dargestellt. Das Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar 15a, 15b ist in der Teilfläche 15 angeordnet. Jede Einzelzelle des Akkumulators 11 hat beim Einsatz in Elektrowerkzeugen eine Energie von 1,2 bis 4 Ah und eine Spannung von ca. 1,2 Volt.4 shows the cross-sectional area of the coupling part 13 of a rechargeable battery 11, which is divided into sub-areas 15, 16 that are identical in point symmetry, and which has a plus-minus contact pair 15a, 15b. The plus-minus contact pair 15a, 15b is arranged in the partial surface 15. Each individual cell of the accumulator 11 has an energy of 1.2 to 4 Ah and a voltage of approximately 1.2 volts when used in power tools.

In Fig. 5 ist der Ladeschacht eines Ladegerätes 19 mit dem Kupplungsteil 20a erkennbar, dessen Querschnittsfläche ebenfalls in zwei punktsymmetrisch gleiche Teilflächen 17, 18 unterteilt ist, wobei in einer der Teilflächen 17 ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar 17a, 17b angeordnet ist. Das Ladegerät 19 weist ein Gehäuse 20, mit hoher Standfestigkeit auf.5 shows the charging slot of a charger 19 with the coupling part 20a, the cross-sectional area of which is also subdivided into two sub-areas 17, 18 of identical symmetry, one plus-minus contact pair 17a, 17b being arranged in one of the sub-areas 17. The charger 19 has a housing 20 with high stability.

Zur Erzeugung einer Gleichspannung als Versorgungsspannung weist das Ladegerät 9 ein Netzteil mit Transformator- und Gleichrichterteil auf.To generate a DC voltage as the supply voltage, the charger 9 has a power supply unit with a transformer and rectifier part.

Claims (6)

1. Akkumulator mit einem Kupplungsteil (3,13), das am Umfang wenigstens ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 15a, 15b) trägt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Querschnittsfläche des Kupplungsteiles (3, 13) in punktsymmetrisch gleiche Teilflächen (5, 6, 15, 16) unterteilbar ist und innerhalb wenigstens einer Teilfläche (5, 6, 15, 16) ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 15a, 15b) vorgesehen ist.1. Accumulator with a coupling part (3, 13) which carries at least one plus-minus contact pair (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 15a, 15b) on the circumference, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the coupling part (3, 13) can be subdivided into sub-areas (5, 6, 15, 16) of equal symmetry and within at least a partial surface (5, 6, 15, 16) a plus-minus contact pair (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 15a, 15b) is provided. 2. Akkumulator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens zwei Teilflächen (5, 6) je ein einander punktsymmetrisch gegenüberliegendes Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b) aufweisen.2. Accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two partial surfaces (5, 6) each have a point-symmetrically opposite plus-minus contact pair (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b). 3. Akkumulator nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontakte zweier Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b) in bezug auf die gleich grosse Teilflächen (5, 6) bildende Flächenhalbierende und in bezug auf die senkrecht zur Flächenhalbierenden, durch den Flächenschwerpunkt der Teilflächen (5, 6) verlaufenden Geraden symmetrisch angeordnet sind.3. Accumulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the contacts of two plus-minus contact pairs (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b) with respect to the equally large partial areas (5, 6) forming surface bisectors and with respect to those perpendicular to the surface bisector , are arranged symmetrically through the centroid of the partial surfaces (5, 6) extending straight lines. 4. Ladegerät für Akkumulator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, mit einem Kupplungsteil (10a, 20a), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Querschnittsfläche des Kupplungsteiles (10a, 20a) in punktsymmetrisch gleiche Teilflächen (7, 8,17,18) unterteilbar ist und innerhalb wenigstens einer Teilfläche (7, 8, 17, 18) ein Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 17a, 17b) vorgesehen ist.4. Charger for accumulator according to one of claims 1 to 3, with a coupling part (10a, 20a), characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the coupling part (10a, 20a) can be subdivided into sub-areas (7, 8, 17, 18) that are symmetrically point-symmetrical and a plus-minus contact pair (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 17a, 17b) is provided within at least one partial area (7, 8, 17, 18). 5. Ladegerät nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens zwei Teilflächen (7, 8) je ein einander punktsymmetrisch gegenüberliegendes Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaar (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) aufweisen.5. Charger according to claim 4, characterized in that at least two partial surfaces (7, 8) each have a point-symmetrically opposite plus-minus contact pair (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b). 6. Ladegerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontakte zweier Plus-Minus-Kontaktpaare (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) in bezug auf die gleich grosse Teilflächen (7, 8) bildende Flächenhalbierende und die senkrecht zur Flächenhalbierenden stehende, durch den Flächenschwerpunkt der Teilflächen (7, 8) verlaufenden Geraden symmetrisch angeordnet sind.6. Charger according to claim 5, characterized in that the contacts of two plus-minus contact pairs (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) with respect to the partial surfaces (7, 8) of the same size and the surface bisector perpendicular to the surface bisector, through the center of gravity of the partial surfaces (7, 8) extending straight lines are arranged symmetrically.
EP92810677A 1991-11-23 1992-09-03 Battery contact Expired - Lifetime EP0548004B1 (en)

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DE4138598A DE4138598A1 (en) 1991-11-23 1991-11-23 CONTACTING A BATTERY
DE4138598 1991-11-23

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EP0548004B1 (en) 1995-08-23
PL169459B1 (en) 1996-07-31
ATE126934T1 (en) 1995-09-15
FI925279A0 (en) 1992-11-20
US5296314A (en) 1994-03-22
CA2083435A1 (en) 1993-05-24
JPH07201313A (en) 1995-08-04
KR930011327A (en) 1993-06-24
PL296676A1 (en) 1993-06-28
FI925279A (en) 1993-05-24
DK0548004T3 (en) 1996-01-08
DE59203380D1 (en) 1995-09-28
ES2076733T3 (en) 1995-11-01
DE4138598A1 (en) 1993-05-27

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