EP0546952A1 - Railway traction unit - Google Patents

Railway traction unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546952A1
EP0546952A1 EP92403376A EP92403376A EP0546952A1 EP 0546952 A1 EP0546952 A1 EP 0546952A1 EP 92403376 A EP92403376 A EP 92403376A EP 92403376 A EP92403376 A EP 92403376A EP 0546952 A1 EP0546952 A1 EP 0546952A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
traction
traction unit
machine according
aluminum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92403376A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Eric Klinger
Philippe Chappet
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Alstom Holdings SA
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by GEC Alsthom SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom SA
Publication of EP0546952A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546952A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
    • B61C17/04—Arrangement or disposition of driving cabins, footplates or engine rooms; Ventilation thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/041—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures with bodies characterised by use of light metal, e.g. aluminium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a railway traction machine, in particular for high speed train.
  • the current railway traction units, locomotives or high-speed train drivers include a steel cab and chassis.
  • the lateral faces are generally constituted by a steel lattice to constitute resistant structures, this lattice being covered with an external sheet metal in steel or aluminum.
  • junction nodes at determined locations which are often incompatible with the position of the openings necessary for the ventilation of the vehicle.
  • the present invention overcomes all these drawbacks by producing the lateral faces in the form of a working structure in aluminum.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a railway traction vehicle, each side face of which is made of aluminum and constitutes a structure. working, characterized in that elements of the structure of the machine being made of steel, the connections of the lateral faces on these elements are preferably made by bimetal junctions.
  • each side face consists of at least one longitudinal profile of extruded aluminum.
  • a side face advantageously includes the stretcher, the upper sill and the rear and front uprights.
  • the traction unit shown in FIG. 1 comprises a steel frame 1 consisting of cross members 2 integral with the sills 3. At one end of this frame is welded a steel cabin 4. At the other end is welded a steel partition 5. Side faces 6 and 7 are fixed to the ends of the crosspieces 2, to the cabin 4 and to the rear partition 5. A roof not shown is added to complete the assembly.
  • Doors 8, 9 as well as openings 10, 11, 12 and 13 are cut in the side faces 6 and 7 when these are formed by welding the profiles.
  • the lateral faces constitute a working structure. They provide both mechanical resistance and exterior cladding.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing one of the side faces 20 of aluminum and a cross member 21 of steel. It consists of three longitudinal profiles 22, 23 and 24 assembled by welding.
  • Profile 22 also includes two skins 221 and 222 separated by stiffeners such as 223, but its shape is more complex.
  • the upper part of the profile 22 has a larger section to form an upper sill 224.
  • the profile 22 includes still other details such as the rails 225 and 226 serving for example as fixing rails for the passage of cables or pipes, or handling rails for maintenance, changing elements, equipment. It also includes a support 227 for the roof joint.
  • Profile 24 also includes two skins 241 and 242 separated by stiffeners such as 243. Its lower part has a larger section to form a stretcher 244. Profile 24 also has a conduit 245 integrated in its structure, placed here between the two skins but which could be outside the profile. This conduit, attached to the two skins 241 and 242 can be used for the passage of a fluid (compressed air for example).
  • the profile 24 further comprises a support 246 for the seal of the hatches and a support 247 for blocks of equipment or appliances.
  • connection between the aluminum side faces and the other steel elements of the traction unit can be carried out in known manner by aluminum-steel bimetal junctions. These junctions are obtained by explosion or colamination.
  • FIG. 3 shows, by way of example, the connection of the stretcher 244 of FIG. 2 on the cross-member 21.
  • a junction 30 formed by a plate is interposed between the aluminum stretcher and the steel cross-member. 31 in aluminum associated with a plate 32 in steel. The plates 31 and 32 are strongly linked together because of the method used to associate them. Plate 31 in aluminum is placed against the stretcher and the steel plate 32 is placed against the cross-member 21. The plate 31 is connected to the stretcher 244 of the same metal by welding points 33 and 34. The plate 32 is connected to the cross-member 21 likewise metal by welding points 35 and 36.
  • a lateral face can be produced in a minimum of profiles welded longitudinally, in practice three or four, which eliminates the problem of deformations and gives a very satisfactory external appearance without the need to resort to straightening or puttying.
  • the side faces can be optimized to the maximum by varying thicknesses and the installation of stiffeners coming from the spinning in the areas where this is necessary to avoid buckling and to make the material work to the maximum of its possibilities.
  • the design of the lateral faces by means of the profile allows the exterior shapes required by the design to be produced without any difficulty.
  • the assembly of the vehicle according to the invention uses a small number of parts, which makes it possible to achieve very significant cost and mass savings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a railway traction unit, the lateral faces (6, 7) of which are made of aluminium and form working structures, each face being capable of consisting of at least one longitudinal extruded aluminium profile, characterised in that, since elements of the structural unit are made of steel, the connections of the lateral faces to these elements are made by means of bimetallic junctions. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un engin de traction ferroviaire, en particulier pour train à grande vitesse.The invention relates to a railway traction machine, in particular for high speed train.

Les engins de traction ferroviaire actuels, locomotives ou motrices de train à grande vitesse, comportent une cabine et un châssis en acier. Les faces latérales sont généralement constituées par un treillis en acier pour constituer des structures résistantes, ce treillis étant habillé d'un tôlage extérieur en acier ou en aluminium.The current railway traction units, locomotives or high-speed train drivers, include a steel cab and chassis. The lateral faces are generally constituted by a steel lattice to constitute resistant structures, this lattice being covered with an external sheet metal in steel or aluminum.

Le principe de cette structure habillée par un tôlage présente de nombreux inconvénients. Il est en effet très difficile de faire participer le tôlage extérieur à la résistance de la caisse par suite du flambage ou du voilement des tôles. Ce dernier problème peut être résolu par l'adjonction de nombreux raidisseurs mais ceci pénalise la masse du véhicule.The principle of this structure dressed by sheet metal has many drawbacks. It is indeed very difficult to involve external sheet metal in the resistance of the body as a result of buckling or buckling of the sheets. This latter problem can be resolved by adding numerous stiffeners, but this penalizes the mass of the vehicle.

Il est très difficile de tendre les tôles pour avoir un aspect extérieur satisfaisant. On est alors contraint de mastiquer, ce qui a pour conséquence d'accroître la masse de l'engin.It is very difficult to stretch the sheets to have a satisfactory external appearance. We are then forced to chew, which has the consequence of increasing the mass of the machine.

La conception d'une structure en treillis selon les règles de l'art impose des noeuds de jonction à des endroits déterminés qui sont souvent incompatibles avec la position des ouvertures nécessaires à la ventilation du véhicule.The design of a lattice structure according to the rules of the art imposes junction nodes at determined locations which are often incompatible with the position of the openings necessary for the ventilation of the vehicle.

La conception du tôlage associé à un treillis par mécano-soudage nécessite de nombreuses pièces qui engendrent à la soudure de nombreuses déformations qu'il est nécessaire de redresser en fin de fabrication. Ce type de conception est donc coûteux. En outre, cette conception ne permet pas de réaliser facilement des formes extérieures galbées. L'optimisation d'un point de vue masse du concept treillis et tôlage est limitée par le flambage ou le voilement des tôles, ce qui ne permet pas une bonne utilisation de la matière.The design of the sheet metal associated with a lattice by mechanical welding requires numerous parts which generate numerous deformations in the weld which it is necessary to straighten at the end of manufacture. This type of design is therefore expensive. In addition, this design does not allow easy shaping of external shapes. Optimization from a mass point of view of the lattice and sheet metal concept is limited by the buckling or buckling of the sheets, which does not allow good use of the material.

La présente invention permet de pallier à tous ces inconvénients en réalisant les faces latérales sous forme de structure travaillante en aluminium.The present invention overcomes all these drawbacks by producing the lateral faces in the form of a working structure in aluminum.

L'invention a donc pour objet un engin de traction ferroviaire dont chaque face latérale est en aluminium et constitue une structure travaillante, caractérisé en ce que des éléments de la structure de l'engin étant en acier, les liaisons des faces latérales sur ces éléments sont réalisées de préférence par des jonctions bimétaux.The subject of the invention is therefore a railway traction vehicle, each side face of which is made of aluminum and constitutes a structure. working, characterized in that elements of the structure of the machine being made of steel, the connections of the lateral faces on these elements are preferably made by bimetal junctions.

De préférence, chaque face latérale est constituée d'au moins un profil longitudinal d'aluminium extrudé.Preferably, each side face consists of at least one longitudinal profile of extruded aluminum.

Une face latérale inclut avantageusement le brancard, la longrine supérieure et les montants arrière et avant.A side face advantageously includes the stretcher, the upper sill and the rear and front uprights.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages et particularités apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre non limitatif, accompagnée des dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma de principe de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale d'un engin de traction ferroviaire selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 représente un détail d'un engin de traction selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages and particularities will appear on reading the description which follows, given without limitation, accompanied by the appended drawings among which:
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a partial view in cross section of a railway traction unit according to the invention,
  • Figure 3 shows a detail of a traction unit according to the invention.

L'engin de traction représenté à la figure 1 comprend un châssis 1 en acier constitué de traverses 2 solidaires des longrines 3. A l'une des extrémités de ce châssis est soudée une cabine 4 en acier. A l'autre extrémité est soudée une cloison 5 en acier. Des faces latérales 6 et 7 sont fixées aux extrémités des traverses 2, à la cabine 4 et à la cloison arrière 5. Une toiture non représentée est ajoutée pour compléter l'ensemble.The traction unit shown in FIG. 1 comprises a steel frame 1 consisting of cross members 2 integral with the sills 3. At one end of this frame is welded a steel cabin 4. At the other end is welded a steel partition 5. Side faces 6 and 7 are fixed to the ends of the crosspieces 2, to the cabin 4 and to the rear partition 5. A roof not shown is added to complete the assembly.

Des portes 8, 9 ainsi que des ouvertures 10, 11, 12 et 13 sont découpées dans les faces latérales 6 et 7 lorsque celles-ci sont constituées par soudage des profils.Doors 8, 9 as well as openings 10, 11, 12 and 13 are cut in the side faces 6 and 7 when these are formed by welding the profiles.

Les faces latérales constituent une structure travaillante. Elles assurent aussi bien la fonction de résistance mécanique que d'habillage extérieur.The lateral faces constitute a working structure. They provide both mechanical resistance and exterior cladding.

La figure 2 est une vue transversale en coupe montrant l'une des faces latérales 20 en aluminium et une traverse 21 en acier. Elle est constituée de trois profils longitudinaux 22, 23 et 24 assemblés par soudage.Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing one of the side faces 20 of aluminum and a cross member 21 of steel. It consists of three longitudinal profiles 22, 23 and 24 assembled by welding.

Ces profils d'aluminium peuvent avantageusement être réalisés par extrusion. On peut par cette méthode obtenir des profils dont la longueur correspond à une face latérale et dont la section peut être très complexe. Ainsi, la coupe de la figure 2 montre, par exemple pour le profil 23, une structure à deux peaux 231 et 232 séparées par des raidisseurs 233 et 234.These aluminum profiles can advantageously be produced by extrusion. By this method we can obtain profiles whose length corresponds to a lateral face and whose section can be very complex. Thus, the section of FIG. 2 shows, for example for the profile 23, a structure with two skins 231 and 232 separated by stiffeners 233 and 234.

Le profil 22 comprend lui aussi deux peaux 221 et 222 séparées par des raidisseurs tels que 223, mais sa forme est plus complexe.Profile 22 also includes two skins 221 and 222 separated by stiffeners such as 223, but its shape is more complex.

La partie supérieure du profil 22 a une section plus importante pour former une longrine supérieure 224. Le profil 22 comprend encore d'autres détails tels que les rails 225 et 226 servant par exemple de rails de fixation pour le passage de câbles ou de tuyauteries, ou encore de rails de manutention pour l'entretien, le changement d'éléments, d'équipements. Il comprend aussi un appui 227 pour le joint de toiture.The upper part of the profile 22 has a larger section to form an upper sill 224. The profile 22 includes still other details such as the rails 225 and 226 serving for example as fixing rails for the passage of cables or pipes, or handling rails for maintenance, changing elements, equipment. It also includes a support 227 for the roof joint.

Le profil 24 comprend également deux peaux 241 et 242 séparées par des raidisseurs tels que 243. Sa partie inférieure a une section plus importante pour former un brancard 244. Le profil 24 comporte encore un conduit 245 intégré dans sa structure, placé ici entre les deux peaux mais qui pourrait être à l'extérieur du profil. Ce conduit, rattaché aux deux peaux 241 et 242 peut être utilisé pour le passage d'un fluide (de l'air comprimé par exemple). Le profil 24 comprend en outre un appui 246 pour le joint des trappes et un support 247 de blocs d'équipement ou d'appareillage.Profile 24 also includes two skins 241 and 242 separated by stiffeners such as 243. Its lower part has a larger section to form a stretcher 244. Profile 24 also has a conduit 245 integrated in its structure, placed here between the two skins but which could be outside the profile. This conduit, attached to the two skins 241 and 242 can be used for the passage of a fluid (compressed air for example). The profile 24 further comprises a support 246 for the seal of the hatches and a support 247 for blocks of equipment or appliances.

Avec une telle structure, le voilement des faces devient un problème secondaire puisque, à masses égales, les épaisseurs d'aluminium peuvent être multipliées par trois par rapport à l'acier.With such a structure, the warping of the faces becomes a secondary problem since, for equal masses, the thicknesses of aluminum can be multiplied by three compared to steel.

La liaison entre les faces latérales en aluminium et les autres éléments en acier de l'engin de traction peut être effectuée de manière connue par des jonctions bimétaux aluminium-acier. Ces jonctions sont obtenues par explosion ou colaminage.The connection between the aluminum side faces and the other steel elements of the traction unit can be carried out in known manner by aluminum-steel bimetal junctions. These junctions are obtained by explosion or colamination.

La figure 3 montre, à titre d'exemple, la liaison du brancard 244 de la figure 2 sur la traverse 21. Pour réaliser cette liaison, on interpose entre la brancard en aluminium et la traverse en acier une jonction 30 formée d'une plaque 31 en aluminium associée à une plaque 32 en acier. Les plaques 31 et 32 sont fortement liées entre elles à cause de la méthode utilisée pour les associer. La plaque 31 en aluminium est disposée contre le brancard et la plaque 32 en acier est disposée contre la traverse 21. La plaque 31 est reliée au brancard 244 de même métal par des points de soudure 33 et 34. La plaque 32 est reliée à la traverse 21 de même métal par des points de soudure 35 et 36.FIG. 3 shows, by way of example, the connection of the stretcher 244 of FIG. 2 on the cross-member 21. To make this connection, a junction 30 formed by a plate is interposed between the aluminum stretcher and the steel cross-member. 31 in aluminum associated with a plate 32 in steel. The plates 31 and 32 are strongly linked together because of the method used to associate them. Plate 31 in aluminum is placed against the stretcher and the steel plate 32 is placed against the cross-member 21. The plate 31 is connected to the stretcher 244 of the same metal by welding points 33 and 34. The plate 32 is connected to the cross-member 21 likewise metal by welding points 35 and 36.

Une face latérale peut être réalisée en un minimum de profils soudés longitudinalement, en pratique trois ou quatre, ce qui supprime le problème des déformations et donne un aspect extérieur très satisfaisant sans avoir besoin de recourir au redressage ou au masticage.A lateral face can be produced in a minimum of profiles welded longitudinally, in practice three or four, which eliminates the problem of deformations and gives a very satisfactory external appearance without the need to resort to straightening or puttying.

Les faces latérales peuvent être optimisées au maximum par des épaisseurs variables et la mise en place de raidisseurs venant du filage dans les zones ou cela est nécessaire pour éviter le flambage et faire travailler la matière au maximum de ses possibilités.The side faces can be optimized to the maximum by varying thicknesses and the installation of stiffeners coming from the spinning in the areas where this is necessary to avoid buckling and to make the material work to the maximum of its possibilities.

La conception des faces latérales par du profil permet de réaliser sans aucune difficulté les formes extérieures exigées par le design.The design of the lateral faces by means of the profile allows the exterior shapes required by the design to be produced without any difficulty.

La technologie des profils extrudés donne une grande souplesse pour le choix des ouvertures qu'il est nécessaire de faire dans les faces latérales pour la ventilation du véhicule.The technology of the extruded profiles gives great flexibility for the choice of the openings that it is necessary to make in the side faces for the ventilation of the vehicle.

L'assemblage du véhicule selon l'invention met en oeuvre un faible nombre de pièces, ce qui permet de réaliser des gains de coût et de masse très importants.The assembly of the vehicle according to the invention uses a small number of parts, which makes it possible to achieve very significant cost and mass savings.

Claims (8)

1) Engin de traction ferroviaire dont chaque face latérale (6, 7) est en aluminium et constitue une structure travaillante, caractérisé en ce que des éléments de la structure de l'engin étant en acier, les liaisons des faces latérales sur ces éléments sont réalisées par des jonctions bimétaux (30). 1) Railway traction unit, each side face (6, 7) of which is made of aluminum and constitutes a working structure, characterized in that elements of the structure of the machine being made of steel, the connections of the side faces to these elements are produced by bimetal junctions (30). 2) Engin de traction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque face latérale (6, 7) est constituée d'au moins un profil longitudinal d'aluminium extrudé (22, 23, 24). 2) Traction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each side face (6, 7) consists of at least one longitudinal profile of extruded aluminum (22, 23, 24). 3) Engin de traction selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une face latérale inclut le brancard (244), la longrine supérieure (224) et les montants arrière et avant. 3) Traction machine according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a side face includes the stretcher (244), the upper sill (224) and the rear and front uprights. 4) Engin de traction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la partie supérieure de la face latérale est pourvue d'un appui (227) pour le joint de toiture. 4) Traction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper part of the side face is provided with a support (227) for the roof joint. 5) Engin de traction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la partie inférieure de la face latérale est pourvue d'un appui pour le joint des trappes (246). 5) Traction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lower part of the lateral face is provided with a support for the seal of the doors (246). 6) Engin de traction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la face latérale est pourvue sur son côté intérieur d'au moins un rail (225, 226). 6) A traction unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lateral face is provided on its inner side with at least one rail (225, 226). 7) Engin de traction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la face latérale comporte au moins un conduit (245) intégré dans sa structure. 7) A traction unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lateral face comprises at least one conduit (245) integrated in its structure. 8) Engin de traction selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la face latérale comportant le brancard (244), celui-ci est pourvu d'au moins un support de bloc (247). 8) Traction machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lateral face comprising the stretcher (244), the latter is provided with at least one block support (247).
EP92403376A 1991-12-13 1992-12-11 Railway traction unit Withdrawn EP0546952A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9115523 1991-12-13
FR9115523A FR2684947B1 (en) 1991-12-13 1991-12-13 RAIL TRACTION MACHINE.

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EP0546952A1 true EP0546952A1 (en) 1993-06-16

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EP92403376A Withdrawn EP0546952A1 (en) 1991-12-13 1992-12-11 Railway traction unit

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EP (1) EP0546952A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2085141A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2684947B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996002413A1 (en) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Krauss Maffei Verkehrstechnik Method of producing a locomotive
WO2003022655A1 (en) * 2001-09-13 2003-03-20 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Locomotive with side gangways

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1577270A (en) * 1967-01-14 1969-08-08
FR2034327A1 (en) * 1969-03-17 1970-12-11 Cegedur
EP0379310A2 (en) * 1989-01-18 1990-07-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Vehicle body structures and their manufacture

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1577270A (en) * 1967-01-14 1969-08-08
FR2034327A1 (en) * 1969-03-17 1970-12-11 Cegedur
EP0379310A2 (en) * 1989-01-18 1990-07-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Vehicle body structures and their manufacture

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996002413A1 (en) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-01 Krauss Maffei Verkehrstechnik Method of producing a locomotive
WO2003022655A1 (en) * 2001-09-13 2003-03-20 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Locomotive with side gangways

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2684947B1 (en) 1994-03-25
FR2684947A1 (en) 1993-06-18
CA2085141A1 (en) 1993-06-14

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