EP0531362A1 - Circuit arrangement for regulating signals - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for regulating signals

Info

Publication number
EP0531362A1
EP0531362A1 EP19910909874 EP91909874A EP0531362A1 EP 0531362 A1 EP0531362 A1 EP 0531362A1 EP 19910909874 EP19910909874 EP 19910909874 EP 91909874 A EP91909874 A EP 91909874A EP 0531362 A1 EP0531362 A1 EP 0531362A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
signals
circuit arrangement
capacitor
arrangement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19910909874
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Günter Gleim
Albrecht Rothermel
Karin Rothermel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
Original Assignee
Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH filed Critical Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
Publication of EP0531362A1 publication Critical patent/EP0531362A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/941—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated using an optical detector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
    • H03K5/08—Shaping pulses by limiting; by thresholding; by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding
    • H03K5/082—Shaping pulses by limiting; by thresholding; by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding with an adaptive threshold
    • H03K5/086—Shaping pulses by limiting; by thresholding; by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding with an adaptive threshold generated by feedback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/941—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated using an optical detector
    • H03K2217/94114—Optical multi axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for regulating signals of different amplitudes in order to keep a predeterminable signal level constant.
  • Signals with different levels are e.g. generated by light barriers.
  • lines of a line pattern which are attached to the circumference of the rotor of a motor, these generate pulses with the aid of a light-sensitive element, which e.g. be used for commutation and phase control of the motor.
  • a wider line can be arranged within the line pattern in the form of lines of constant narrow width arranged at equal intervals perpendicular to the scanning direction, which line then e.g.
  • the line widths of the line pattern are now subject to tolerances.
  • the light barrier also has tolerances in its efficiency, so that the signals emitted by it are not constant in their peak values. It is known to regulate the reference level R of the light barrier signal to a constant value.
  • the level of the generated signal impulses is independent of the coupling factor of the light barrier.
  • differences in the beam path of the light barrier such as the bundling of the light beam and deviations in the line width in different line patterns still lead to different signal amplitudes, so that it is difficult to distinguish between two different levels.
  • the invention has for its object to set up a control of the signal so that it is independent of the Shafts and tolerances of the signal generator. This task is solved by the measure specified in the claim. Further embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.
  • the invention has the advantage that e.g. the light barrier, consisting of light source, optical diaphragm and light receiver, can be constructed with larger tolerances and therefore more cost-effectively, which e.g. the rotor of a rotor, on which such a line pattern is applied, is also made more cost-effective.
  • FIG 1 shows the principle of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed circuit example of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows diagrams for explaining the mode of operation of the invention.
  • 1 denotes a known signal transmitter, which consists of a light source 2 and a light receiver 3, between which a diaphragm 4 provided with optical markings is movably arranged.
  • the markings on the optical diaphragm 4 are mechanically rigidly connected, for example, to the head wheel of a head drum imotor. They consist, for example, of dark stripes 5 and 5 ', which are evenly distributed on the circumference and are used for synchronization and phase control of the motor.
  • the strips 5 1 are highlighted over the strips 5 by a greater width. They are used, for example, to create a Lushi gna Is. Depending on the width of the strip passing the light barrier, a pulse signal S with differently large peak values results at the output of the signal generator 1.
  • the narrow strips 5 Due to the wide str fen 5 1 results in the peak value A2, the narrow strips 5 generate pulses with the peak value A1.
  • the pulses with the peak value A1 have a specific and constant pulse-pause ratio t1: t2 at any speed of rotation of the motor and thus the aperture 4.
  • the sensor signal generated is given to the one (+) input of a comparator 6, at the other (-) input there is a reference potential Uref, which corresponds to the mean value of the positive peak values of the pulses with the target peak value A1.
  • the signal change at the comparator 6 produces a potential increase at the output of the control voltage amplifier 8, so that the light source 2 is controlled darker.
  • the currents 11 and 12 are set in such a way that they correspond approximately to half the pulse-pause ratio of the sensor signal, that is to say a large current 11 flows during the time t1 of the pulses and a relati during the time t2 of the pauses small current 12.
  • the currents 11 and 12 behave in a practical circuit example according to FIG. 2 approximately as 50: 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed exemplary embodiment of the registered arrangement and is described below. This arrangement is particularly suitable for integrated circuit technology.
  • the operating voltage + Vcc is connected to the connection P1 of the arrangement.
  • the connection P2 is connected to the reference potential of the operating voltage.
  • the photosensitive element 3, for example a phototransistor, is connected to the connection P3 and is connected to the operating voltage Vcc via a resistor 11.
  • the connection P4 is connected to the operating voltage Vcc via a series resistor 10 and via a light-emitting element 2, for example a light-emitting diode.
  • a capacitor 7 is connected to the terminal P4, the other end of which is at the terminal P5.
  • the headset Itsi gna l can be removed at the connection P6 and the commutation pulses can be tapped off at the connection P7.
  • currents CI1 + I2) and (12) are generated via current mirrors T2, T3 and T4, T5.
  • the ratio of 12 to 11 is about 1:50.
  • Three comparators K1, K2, K3 compare the generated sensor signal S with three threshold values S1, S2 and S3 specified by the resistors W1, W2, W3 and W4. As soon as the first threshold S1 determined by the comparator K1 is reached, it generates a pulse at the output P7.
  • the output of the comparator K2 is at reference potential, so that the current 11 + 12 via the transistor T6 connected as a diode is derived by mass.
  • the transistor T8 connected as a diode is blocked and the current 12, which charges the capacitor 7, flows until the threshold value S2 is reached by the sensor signal S.
  • the output of the comparator K2 goes high and thus blocks the transistor T6.
  • the current 11 + 12 is no longer diverted via the transistor T6, but instead divides in the node behind the transistor 8 into the current 11, which charges the capacitor 7, and into the current 12, which continues to flow via the transistor 5 .
  • the base current of transistor T9 can be neglected here.
  • the charging time constant of the capacitor 7 is selected to be large enough that the steady state Charge in the capacitor changes very little with each pulse. This results in a steady state of control precisely when the mean value of the peak values of the pulses has adjusted to the threshold of the comparator K2.
  • the voltage value which arises at the connection P5 of the capacitor 7 is amplified via the control amplifier with the transistors T9, T10 and T11.
  • the amplified control signal is impressed on the light-emitting element 2 in such a way that it is regulated brighter as the peak value decreases and vice versa.
  • the capacitor 7 acts in conjunction with the amplifier as an integrator.
  • the output of the comparator K3 goes high, so that the transistor T7 is turned on and the current 11 is derived again to the reference potential. In this case, the current 12 for charging the capacitor 7 becomes irk ⁇ sam.
  • the potential at the terminal P5 drops, the potential at the terminal P4 rises, as a result of which the current through the light-emitting element 2 is reduced.
  • Figure 3 shows the effect of the measure according to the invention.
  • the output pulses from two different sensors are plotted with the conventional control in FIGS. 3a and 3b. It can be seen that the mean value of the positive peak values of the pulses with the smaller peak value in the sensor according to FIG. 3a is M1 and is greater than the mean value M2 of the positive peak values of a sensor according to FIG. 3b.
  • 3c and 3d show the pulse diagrams of two different sensors using the measure according to the invention.
  • the mean values M3 and M4 of the positive peak values of the pulses with the smaller peak value are of the same size, the peak-peak values of the pulses being of different sizes.
  • the invention is not limited to the application just described using the example of a signal which is generated by a line pattern on the circumference of the rotor of a motor.
  • the control circuit according to FIG. 2 operates and reacts in the same way to other signals of the same type that are fed to port P3.
  • the signals can also originate, for example, from a light barrier on an assembly line, in which case they do not necessarily have to be pulse-shaped with steep edges.

Abstract

Lors de l'évaluation de signaux en provenance de capteurs optiques notamment, il faut souvent reconnaître de manière fiable différents niveaux de signaux utiles. Par exemple, des marques d'épaisseurs diverses sont agencées sur le rotor de moteurs à barrillet de tête, de sorte que les marques étroites fournissent des signaux de détection ayant une valeur maximale réduite et les marques larges fournissent des signaux ayant une valeur maximale élevée. Les premiers signaux servent à commuter le moteur à barrillet de tête et les derniers à commuter les têtes magnétiques d'un magnétoscope. Etant donné les tolérances des marques et des composants du circuit d'évaluation, la distinction entre les différentes amplitudes des signaux n'est pas toujours assurée. Afin d'éliminer cet inconvénient, un circuit régulateur de signaux maintient à un niveau constant la valeur moyenne des valeurs maximales de parties sélectionnées de signaux. Ce circuit est utile dans des magnétoscopes, dans des platines à disques compacts, pour réguler en général des parties de signaux.When evaluating signals from optical sensors in particular, it is often necessary to reliably recognize different levels of useful signals. For example, marks of various thicknesses are arranged on the rotor of head barrel motors, so that the narrow marks provide detection signals having a reduced maximum value and the wide marks providing signals having a high maximum value. The first signals are used to switch the head barrel motor and the last signals to switch the magnetic heads of a VCR. Given the tolerances of the brands and components of the evaluation circuit, the distinction between the different amplitudes of the signals is not always ensured. In order to eliminate this drawback, a signal regulator circuit maintains the mean value of the maximum values of selected portions of signals at a constant level. This circuit is useful in VCRs, in CD players, for general control of signal parts.

Description

Schaltungsanordnung zur Regelung von Signalen Circuit arrangement for regulating signals
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Regelung von Signalen untersc iedlicher Amplituden zur Konstanthaltung eines vorgebbaren Signalpegels. Signale mit unterschiedlichen Pegeln werden z.B. durch Lichtschranken erzeugt. In Verbin¬ dung m t Strichen eines Strichmusters, die auf dem Umfang des Rotors eines Motors angebracht sind, erzeugen diese mit H lfe eines lichtempfindlichen Elementes Impulse, die z.B. zur Kommutierung und Phasenregelung des Motors ausgenutzt werden. Es kann innerhalb des Strichmusters in Form von in gleichen Abständen senkrecht zur Abtastrichtung angeordneter Striche konstanter schmaler Breite ein breiterer Strich angeordnet sein, der dann z.B. zur Erzeugung eines Kopfscha Its i gna l s zwecks Umschaltung der Aufnahme- bzw. Wiedergabeköpfe eines magnetischen Aufzei chnungsgerätes dient, wenn es sich bei dem Motor um den Kopftrommelmotor eines Videogerätes handelt. Nun sind die Strichbreiten des Strichmusters mit Toleranzen behaf¬ tet. Auch die Lichtschranke besitzt Toleranzen in ihrem Wir¬ kungsgrad, so daß die von dieser abgegebenen Signale in ihren Spitzenwerten nicht konstant sind. Es ist bekannt, den Refe¬ renzpegel R des Lichtschrankensignals auf einen konstanten Wert zu regeln. So wird die Höhe der erzeugten Signalimpulse unabhängig vom Koppelfaktor der Lichtschranke. Jedoch können mit einer derartigen Maßnahme Unterschiede im Strahlengang der Lichtschranke,wie z.B. die Bündelung des Lichtstrahls, sowie Abweichungen der Strichbreite bei verschiedenen Strich¬ mustern immer noch zu unterschiedlichen Signalamplituden führen, so daß eine Unterscheidung zweier unterschiedlicher Pegel erschwert wird.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for regulating signals of different amplitudes in order to keep a predeterminable signal level constant. Signals with different levels are e.g. generated by light barriers. In connection with lines of a line pattern which are attached to the circumference of the rotor of a motor, these generate pulses with the aid of a light-sensitive element, which e.g. be used for commutation and phase control of the motor. A wider line can be arranged within the line pattern in the form of lines of constant narrow width arranged at equal intervals perpendicular to the scanning direction, which line then e.g. to generate a headshell Its i gna l s for switching the recording or playback heads of a magnetic recording device if the motor is the head drum motor of a video device. The line widths of the line pattern are now subject to tolerances. The light barrier also has tolerances in its efficiency, so that the signals emitted by it are not constant in their peak values. It is known to regulate the reference level R of the light barrier signal to a constant value. The level of the generated signal impulses is independent of the coupling factor of the light barrier. However, with such a measure, differences in the beam path of the light barrier, such as the bundling of the light beam and deviations in the line width in different line patterns still lead to different signal amplitudes, so that it is difficult to distinguish between two different levels.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Regelung des Signals derart aufzubauen, daß sie unabhängig von den Eigen- Schäften und Toleranzen des Signalgebers wird. D ese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch angegebene Maßnahme gelöst. Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The invention has for its object to set up a control of the signal so that it is independent of the Shafts and tolerances of the signal generator. This task is solved by the measure specified in the claim. Further embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.
Die Erfindung bringt den Vorteil, daß z.B. die Lichtschranke, bestehend aus Lichtquelle, optischer Blende und Lichtempfän¬ ger, mit größeren Toleranzen und daher kostengünstiger aufge¬ baut werden kann, was z.B. auch den Rotor eines otors, auf dem ein derartiges Strichmuster angebracht wird, kostengünsti¬ ger gestaltet.The invention has the advantage that e.g. the light barrier, consisting of light source, optical diaphragm and light receiver, can be constructed with larger tolerances and therefore more cost-effectively, which e.g. the rotor of a rotor, on which such a line pattern is applied, is also made more cost-effective.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung mit Hilfe der Zeichnung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben.The invention is described below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment.
Figur 1 zeigt das Erfindungsprinzip;Figure 1 shows the principle of the invention;
Figur 2 zeigt ein ausführliches Schaltungsbeispiel der Erfin¬ dung;FIG. 2 shows a detailed circuit example of the invention;
Figur 3 zeigt Diagramme zur Erläuterung der W rkungsweise der Erfi ndung.FIG. 3 shows diagrams for explaining the mode of operation of the invention.
In Figur 1 ist mit 1 ein bekannter Signalgeber bezeichnet, der aus einer Lichtquelle 2 und einem ichtempfänger 3 be¬ steht, zwischen denen eine mit optischen Markierungen versehe¬ ne Blende 4 beweglich angeordnet ist. Die Markierungen auf der optischen Blende 4 sind z.B. mit dem Kopfrad eines Kopf- tromme Imotors mechanisch starr verbunden. Sie bestehen z.B. aus dunklen Streifen 5 und 5', die am Umfang gleichmäßig verteilt angeordnet sind und zur Synchronisierung und Phasen- regelung des Motors dienen. Die Streifen 51 sind gegenüber den Streifen 5 durch eine größere Breite hervorgehoben. Sie dienen z.B. zur Erzeugung eines Kopfu scha Ltsi gna Is . Je nach Breite des an der Lichtschranke vorbeilaufenden Streifens ergibt sich am Ausgang des Signalgebers 1 ein Impulssignal S mit verschieden großen Spitzenwerten. Durch die breiten Stre - fen 51 ergibt sich der Spitzenwert A2, durch die schmalen Streifen 5 werden Impulse mit dem Spitzenwert A1 erzeugt. Die Impulse mit dem Spitzenwert A1 besitzen ein bestimmtes und konstantes Puls-Pausen-Verhältnis t1:t2 bei beliebiger Umdre¬ hungsgeschwindigkeit des Motors und damit der Blende 4. Das erzeugte Sensorsignal wird auf den einen (+)-Ei ngang eines Komparators 6 gegeben, an dessen anderem (- -Eingang ein Referenzpotential Uref liegt, welches dem Mittelwert der positiven Spitzenwerte der Impulse mit dem Soll-Spitzenwert A1 entspricht. Somit wird über einen genügend langen Zeitraum betrachtet etwa die Hälfte der Impulse mit dem Spitzenwert A1 das Referenzpotential überschreiten, die andere Hälfte der Impulse jedoch nicht. Be überschreiten des vorgegebenen Referenzpotentials Uref geht der Ausgangspegel des Kompara¬ tors 6 hoch und schaltet eine Stromquelle mit dem Wert 11 ein, die einen Kondensator 7 umlädt. Diese Änderung wird über einen Regelspannungsverstärkers 8 verstärkt, an dessen Aus¬ gang eine Potentialerniedrigung entsteht. Hierdurch wird die Lichtquelle 2 heller gesteuert. Im anderen Fall, das heißt unterhalb des Referenzpotentials oder zwischen den Strich-Mar¬ kierungen ist der Ausgang des Komparators 6 auf niedrigem Potential, so' daß die Stromquelle 12 eingeschaltet wird, die den Kondensator 7 entgegengesetzt umlädt. Die Signaländerung am Komparator 6 erzeugt am Ausgang des Regelspannungsverstär¬ kers 8 eine Potentialerhöhung, so daß die Lichtquelle 2 dunk¬ ler gesteuert wird. Die Ströme 11 und 12 sind derart einge¬ stellt, daß sie etwa dem halben Puls-Pausen-Verhältnis des Sensorsignals entsprechen, das heißt, es fließt während der Ze t t1 der Impulse ein großer Strom 11 und während der Zeit t2 der Pausen ein relati kleiner Strom 12. Die Ströme 11 und 12 verhalten sich in einem praktisch erprobten Schaltungsbe ¬ spiel nach Figur 2 etwa wie 50:1.In FIG. 1, 1 denotes a known signal transmitter, which consists of a light source 2 and a light receiver 3, between which a diaphragm 4 provided with optical markings is movably arranged. The markings on the optical diaphragm 4 are mechanically rigidly connected, for example, to the head wheel of a head drum imotor. They consist, for example, of dark stripes 5 and 5 ', which are evenly distributed on the circumference and are used for synchronization and phase control of the motor. The strips 5 1 are highlighted over the strips 5 by a greater width. They are used, for example, to create a Lushi gna Is. Depending on the width of the strip passing the light barrier, a pulse signal S with differently large peak values results at the output of the signal generator 1. Due to the wide str fen 5 1 results in the peak value A2, the narrow strips 5 generate pulses with the peak value A1. The pulses with the peak value A1 have a specific and constant pulse-pause ratio t1: t2 at any speed of rotation of the motor and thus the aperture 4. The sensor signal generated is given to the one (+) input of a comparator 6, at the other (-) input there is a reference potential Uref, which corresponds to the mean value of the positive peak values of the pulses with the target peak value A1. Thus, over a sufficiently long period of time, about half of the pulses with the peak value A1 exceed the reference potential which The other half of the pulses does not, however, if the predetermined reference potential Uref is exceeded, the output level of the comparator 6 goes high and switches on a current source with the value 11 which recharges a capacitor 7. This change is amplified by a control voltage amplifier 8, at the end of which ¬ a lowering of the potential arises, which makes the light source 2 brighter UERT. markings In the other case, that is below the reference potential, or between the bar-Mar¬ is the output of the comparator 6 is at low potential, so 'that the current source 12 is turned on, the capacitor 7 tranships the opposite. The signal change at the comparator 6 produces a potential increase at the output of the control voltage amplifier 8, so that the light source 2 is controlled darker. The currents 11 and 12 are set in such a way that they correspond approximately to half the pulse-pause ratio of the sensor signal, that is to say a large current 11 flows during the time t1 of the pulses and a relati during the time t2 of the pauses small current 12. The currents 11 and 12 behave in a practical circuit example according to FIG. 2 approximately as 50: 1.
In Figur 2 ist ein detailliertes Ausführungsbeispiel der ange¬ meldeten Anordnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend beschrie¬ ben . Diese Anordnung eignet sich insbesondere für die integrierte Schaltungstechnik. An den Anschluß P1 der Anordnung ist die Betriebsspannung +Vcc geschaltet. Der Anschluß P2 wird mit dem Bezugspotential der Betriebsspannung verbunden. An den Anschluß P3 ist das lichtempfindliche Element 3, z.B. ein Phototransistor geschaltet, welches über einen Widerstand 11 mit der Betriebsspannung Vcc verbunden ist. Der Anschluß P4 ist über einen Serienwiderstand 10 und über ein li chtemitti ei— endes Element 2, z.B. eine Leuchtdiode mit der Betriebsspan¬ nung Vcc verbunden. An den Anschluß P4 ist ein Kondensator 7 angeschaltet, dessen anderes Ende am Anschluß P5 liegt. Am Anschluß P6 ist das Kopfscha Itsi gna l entnehmbar und am An¬ schluß P7 können die Kommutierungsimpulse abgegriffen werden. Mit Hilfe einer Referenzstromquelle Iref und T1 werden über Stromspiegel T2, T3 und T4, T5 Ströme CI1+I2) und (12) er¬ zeugt. Das Verhältnis von 12 zu 11 beträgt etwa 1:50. Drei Komparatoren K1 , K2, K3 vergleichen das erzeugte Sensorsignal S mit drei durch die Widerstände W1 , W2, W3 und W4 vorgegebe¬ nen Schwellwerten S1, S2 und S3. Sobald der erste durch den Komparator K1 festgestellte Schwellwert S1 erreicht wird, erzeugt dieser am Ausgang P7 einen Impuls. Solange die Impuls¬ spitzen des Sensorsignals S unterhalb des Schwellwertes S2 liegen, der dem für die Regelung vorgegebenen Wert ent¬ spricht, liegt der Ausgang des Komparators K2 auf Bezugspoten¬ tial, so daß der Strom 11+12 über den als Diode geschalteten Transistor T6 nach Masse abgeleitet wird. Der als Diode ge¬ schaltete Transistor T8 ist gesperrt und es fl eßt der Strom 12, der den Kondensator 7 umlädt, bis der Schwellwert S2 durch das Sensorsignal S erreicht wird. In diesem Moment geht der Ausgang des Komparators K2 hoch und sperrt damit den Transistor T6. Dadurch wird der Strom 11+12 nicht mehr über den Transistor T6 abgeleitet, sondern er teilt sich im Knoten hinter dem Transistor 8 auf in den Strom 11, der den Kondensa- tor 7 umlädt und in den Strom 12, der über den Transistor 5 weiterfließt. Der Basisstrom von Transistor T9 kann hier vernachlässigt werden. Die Ladezei tkonstante des Kondensators 7 ist so groß gewählt, daß sich im stationären Betrieb die Ladung im Kondensator bei jedem Impuls nur sehr wenig ändert. Damit ergibt sich ein eingeschwungener Regelzustand genau dann, wenn sich der Mittelwert der Sp tzenwerte der Impulse auf die Scha 11schwe l le des Komparators K2 eingestellt hat. Der sich am Anschluß P5 des Kondensators 7 einstellende Span¬ nungswert wird über den Regelverstärker mit den Transistoren T9, T10 und T11 verstärkt. Das verstärkte Regelsignal wird dem lichtemittierenden Element 2 derart aufgeprägt, daß es bei abnehmendem Spitzenwert heller geregelt wird und umge¬ kehrt. Hierbei wirkt der Kondensator 7 in Verbindung mit dem Verstärker als Integrator. Wenn auch der dritte Schwellwert S3 erreicht wird, geht der Ausgang des Komparators K3 hoch, so daß der Transistor T7 durchgesteuert und der Strom 11 wieder auf das Bezugspotential abgeleitet wird. In diesem Fall wird der Strom 12 zur Aufladung des Kondensators 7 irk¬ sam. Das Potential am Anschluß P5 sinkt, das Potential am Anschluß P4 steigt, wodurch der Strom durch das l chtemittier¬ ende Element 2 verringert wird.FIG. 2 shows a detailed exemplary embodiment of the registered arrangement and is described below. This arrangement is particularly suitable for integrated circuit technology. The operating voltage + Vcc is connected to the connection P1 of the arrangement. The connection P2 is connected to the reference potential of the operating voltage. The photosensitive element 3, for example a phototransistor, is connected to the connection P3 and is connected to the operating voltage Vcc via a resistor 11. The connection P4 is connected to the operating voltage Vcc via a series resistor 10 and via a light-emitting element 2, for example a light-emitting diode. A capacitor 7 is connected to the terminal P4, the other end of which is at the terminal P5. The headset Itsi gna l can be removed at the connection P6 and the commutation pulses can be tapped off at the connection P7. With the aid of a reference current source Iref and T1, currents CI1 + I2) and (12) are generated via current mirrors T2, T3 and T4, T5. The ratio of 12 to 11 is about 1:50. Three comparators K1, K2, K3 compare the generated sensor signal S with three threshold values S1, S2 and S3 specified by the resistors W1, W2, W3 and W4. As soon as the first threshold S1 determined by the comparator K1 is reached, it generates a pulse at the output P7. As long as the pulse peaks of the sensor signal S are below the threshold value S2, which corresponds to the value specified for the control, the output of the comparator K2 is at reference potential, so that the current 11 + 12 via the transistor T6 connected as a diode is derived by mass. The transistor T8 connected as a diode is blocked and the current 12, which charges the capacitor 7, flows until the threshold value S2 is reached by the sensor signal S. At this moment the output of the comparator K2 goes high and thus blocks the transistor T6. As a result, the current 11 + 12 is no longer diverted via the transistor T6, but instead divides in the node behind the transistor 8 into the current 11, which charges the capacitor 7, and into the current 12, which continues to flow via the transistor 5 . The base current of transistor T9 can be neglected here. The charging time constant of the capacitor 7 is selected to be large enough that the steady state Charge in the capacitor changes very little with each pulse. This results in a steady state of control precisely when the mean value of the peak values of the pulses has adjusted to the threshold of the comparator K2. The voltage value which arises at the connection P5 of the capacitor 7 is amplified via the control amplifier with the transistors T9, T10 and T11. The amplified control signal is impressed on the light-emitting element 2 in such a way that it is regulated brighter as the peak value decreases and vice versa. Here, the capacitor 7 acts in conjunction with the amplifier as an integrator. If the third threshold S3 is reached, the output of the comparator K3 goes high, so that the transistor T7 is turned on and the current 11 is derived again to the reference potential. In this case, the current 12 for charging the capacitor 7 becomes irk¬ sam. The potential at the terminal P5 drops, the potential at the terminal P4 rises, as a result of which the current through the light-emitting element 2 is reduced.
Figur 3 zeigt die Auswirkung der erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahme. In Figur 3a und 3b sind die Ausgangsimpulse von zwei verschie¬ denen Sensoren mit der herkömmlichen Regelung aufgetragen. Man erkennt, daß der Mittelwert der positiven Spitzenwerte der Impulse mit dem kleineren Spitzenwert bei dem Sensor nach Figur 3a bei M1 liegt und größer ist als der ittelwert M2 der positiven Spitzenwerte eines Sensors nach Figur 3b.Figure 3 shows the effect of the measure according to the invention. The output pulses from two different sensors are plotted with the conventional control in FIGS. 3a and 3b. It can be seen that the mean value of the positive peak values of the pulses with the smaller peak value in the sensor according to FIG. 3a is M1 and is greater than the mean value M2 of the positive peak values of a sensor according to FIG. 3b.
Figur 3c und Figur 3d zeigen die Impulsdiagramme zweier ver¬ schiedener Sensoren unter Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Ma߬ nahme. Hier sind die Mittelwerte M3 und M4 der positiven Spit¬ zenwerte der Impulse mit dem kleineren Spitzenwert gleich groß, wobei die Spitze-Spitze-Werte der Impulse unterschied¬ lich groß s nd.3c and 3d show the pulse diagrams of two different sensors using the measure according to the invention. Here, the mean values M3 and M4 of the positive peak values of the pulses with the smaller peak value are of the same size, the peak-peak values of the pulses being of different sizes.
Die Erfindung ist nicht beschränkt auf die soeben beschriebe¬ ne Anwendung am Beispiel eines Signals, welches von einem Strichmuster am Umfang des Rotors eines Motors erzeugt w rd. Die Regelschaltung gemäß Figur 2 arbei et und reagiert auf andere gleichartige Signale, die dem Port P3 zugeführt werden, in gleicher Weise. Die Signale können z.B. auch von einer Lichtschranke eines Fließbandes stammen, wobei d ese dann nicht unbedingt impulsförmigen Charakter mit steilen Flanken besitzen müssen. The invention is not limited to the application just described using the example of a signal which is generated by a line pattern on the circumference of the rotor of a motor. The control circuit according to FIG. 2 operates and reacts in the same way to other signals of the same type that are fed to port P3. The signals can also originate, for example, from a light barrier on an assembly line, in which case they do not necessarily have to be pulse-shaped with steep edges.

Claims

E___i_D____D__E£i-£_l≤E ___ i_D ____ D__E £ i- £ _l≤
Schaltungsanordnung zur Regelung von aus einer Folge von unterschiedlichen Signalteilen bestehenden Signalen mit einer Regelschaltung zur Kons antha Itung eines vorgebba¬ ren Si gna Ipege Ls, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e c h n e t, daß die Regelschaltung den ittelwert der Spitzen¬ werte ausgewählter Signalteile konstant hält.Circuit arrangement for the control of signals consisting of a sequence of different signal parts with a control circuit for the co-management of a predeterminable Si gna Ipege Ls, so that the control circuit keeps the mean value of the peak values of selected signal parts constant.
Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Regelschaltung den ittelwert des Spitzenwertes (A1) der kleineren Signal¬ teile eines aus mehreren Signalteilen mit den Spitzenwer¬ ten (A1, A2) bestehenden Signals (S) konstant hält.Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, so that the control circuit keeps the mean value of the peak value (A1) of the smaller signal parts of a signal (S) consisting of several signal parts with the peak values (A1, A2) constant.
Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß das Signal durch eine Lichtschranke (2, 3, 4) erzeugt ird.Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, or 2, so that the signal is generated by a light barrier (2, 3, 4).
Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, 2, oder 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Regelschaltung einen Komparator (K2) bes tzt, dessen einem Eingang ein dem Mittelwert der Spitzenwerte des Signals mit dem kleineren Spitzenwert (A1) entsprechen¬ der Wert als Referenzspannung zugeführt wird und dessen anderem Eingang das von dem Signalgeber (1) generierte Signal zugeführt wird, und daß das Ausgangssignal des Komparators (K2) entweder eine erste Konstantst romque l le (12) zur Aufladung eines die Regelspannung erzeugenden Kondensators (7) oder eine zweite Konstantstromquelle (11) zur Entladung des die Regelspannung erzeugenden Kondensators (7) einschaltet. 5. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Ströme (11 und 12) der beiden Konstantstromquellen derart eingestellt sind, daß der Strom (12) zur Aufladung des Kondensators (7) zum Strom (11) zur Entladung des Kondensators (7) in einem derartigen Verhältnis steht, welches zum Puls-Pau¬ sen-Verhältnis (t1:t2) des Signals mit dem zu regelnden Spitzenwert (A1) in fester Beziehung steht.Circuit arrangement according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the control circuit has a comparator (K2), one input of which corresponds to the mean value of the peak values of the signal with the smaller peak value (A1) and which is supplied as a reference voltage another input the signal generated by the signal generator (1) is fed and that the output signal of the comparator (K2) either a first constant current coil (12) for charging a capacitor (7) generating the control voltage or a second constant current source (11) switches on to discharge the capacitor (7) generating the control voltage. 5. Circuit arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the currents (11 and 12) of the two constant current sources are set such that the current (12) for charging the capacitor (7) to the current ( 11) for discharging the capacitor (7) in such a ratio, which is in a fixed relationship to the pulse-pause ratio (t1: t2) of the signal with the peak value (A1) to be controlled.
6. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Kondensator (7) mit einem Verstärker (8; T9, T10, T11) einen Integrator bil¬ det, dessen Ausgangssignal dem li chtem tti erenden Ele¬ ment (2) des Signalgebers (1) zugeführt wird. 6. Circuit arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the capacitor (7) with an amplifier (8; T9, T10, T11) forms an integrator, the output signal of which the light emitting element (2) of the signal generator (1 ) is supplied.
EP19910909874 1990-05-28 1991-05-21 Circuit arrangement for regulating signals Withdrawn EP0531362A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904017124 DE4017124A1 (en) 1990-05-28 1990-05-28 CIRCUIT FOR CONTROLLING SIGNALS
DE4017124 1990-05-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0531362A1 true EP0531362A1 (en) 1993-03-17

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EP (1) EP0531362A1 (en)
JP (1) JP3184214B2 (en)
KR (1) KR0185663B1 (en)
AU (1) AU7883691A (en)
DE (1) DE4017124A1 (en)
HU (1) HUT64652A (en)
WO (1) WO1991019350A1 (en)

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DE19934626A1 (en) * 1999-07-23 2001-01-25 Fotoelek K Pauly Gmbh & Co Kg Detection device has pulse memory charged in clocked manner if transmission and reception signals are present to achieve switching threshold, discharged if only transmission signal present

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DE2846207A1 (en) * 1978-10-24 1980-05-08 Licentia Gmbh Input signal level control for digital receiver - uses closed loop feedback for setting level limit
US4479057A (en) * 1982-09-27 1984-10-23 Sun Electric Corporation Automatic biasing control circuit for emissions detector
DE3528453A1 (en) * 1985-08-08 1987-02-19 Thomson Brandt Gmbh VIDEO RECORDER

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See references of WO9119350A1 *

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AU7883691A (en) 1991-12-31
KR0185663B1 (en) 1999-05-01
HUT64652A (en) 1994-01-28
JP3184214B2 (en) 2001-07-09
WO1991019350A1 (en) 1991-12-12
HU9203717D0 (en) 1993-04-28
DE4017124A1 (en) 1991-12-05

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