EP0530463A1 - Method to improve the elasticity of ski-edges - Google Patents
Method to improve the elasticity of ski-edges Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0530463A1 EP0530463A1 EP92111418A EP92111418A EP0530463A1 EP 0530463 A1 EP0530463 A1 EP 0530463A1 EP 92111418 A EP92111418 A EP 92111418A EP 92111418 A EP92111418 A EP 92111418A EP 0530463 A1 EP0530463 A1 EP 0530463A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ski
- edge
- edges
- stretching
- traction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
- A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
- A63C5/04—Structure of the surface thereof
- A63C5/048—Structure of the surface thereof of the edges
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for improving the elastic qualities of a steel edge intended to be used in the manufacture of a ski. It also relates to a ski edge obtained with the method as well as the ski equipped with such a edge.
- ski consist of an elongated beam, the front end of which is curved upwards to form a spatula, the rear end also being more slightly to form the heel.
- the structure generally comprises peripheral protective elements, internal resistance elements to resist the flexural and torsional stresses, and a core.
- the structure also includes a sliding sole forming the underside of the ski and lower metal edges forming the lower edges of the ski. These elements are assembled by gluing or by injection, the assembly generally being carried out hot in a mold having the final shape of the ski, with a front part strongly raised in tip, a rear part slightly raised in heel, a central arched part. .
- the present invention therefore seeks to solve the drawbacks of the steels used for the production of ski edges and proposes a method allowing the anticorrosion properties of martensitic steels resistant to corrosion to be preserved, while increasing the elastic limit corresponding to this grade, up to 'at a value sufficient to withstand the conditions under which they are used.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to give martensitic chrome steels an elastic limit close to or even slightly higher than that of carbon steels of the XC50 to XC70 type and in particular those of the XC60 type commonly used, and referenced in the States -United under the reference AISI C1060 and in Germany under the reference WNr 1.1221 or CK60.
- the method intended to improve the elasticity of ski edges made of corrosion-resistant steel of the martensitic type with chromium consists in pre-stretching the edge, by subjecting it to traction beyond its elastic limit in order to give it an irreversible longitudinal deformation while modifying its rate of work hardening.
- the method according to the invention therefore consists, in a conventional preliminary step, of making the ski edge with a corrosion-resistant steel of the martensitic type with chromium, then of pre-stretching it by subjecting it to traction beyond its elastic limit, and to stop the pre-stretching by removing the longitudinal traction.
- the edge is produced in a conventional manner, namely by drawing, rolling with annealing, stamping, quenching and tempering. And by increasing its work hardening rate by a pre-shaping operation.
- the invention also relates to the ski edge obtained with the method as well as the ski manufactured with such an edge.
- Figure 1 is a side view showing a ski according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a cross section along TT of the ski of Figure 1, showing the various components and in particular the edges according to the invention.
- Figure 2a is a detail of Figure 1.
- Figures 3 and 4 are diagrams representing stress curves as a function of deformations.
- Figure 3 shows the curve of carbon steel and the curve of chrome steel.
- FIG. 4 represents the curve of a chrome steel and the curve of the same steel having undergone the process of the invention.
- FIGS 5, 6, 7 and 8 show the different phases of the process of the invention.
- FIG. 9 represents an alternative embodiment of the method.
- the ski represented in FIG. 1 and intended to receive the edges produced according to the method of the invention is constituted by a beam of elongated shape comprising in known manner either, at the front an area raised constituting the tip (100) and at the rear a slightly raised part constituting the heel (101).
- the structure of the ski (1) can be of the sandwich type with for example parallel flexion blades and arranged on either side of a core, or of the box type with resistance blade enveloping the core on the four faces, or any other type.
- FIG 2 an example of a structure is shown comprising a rigid upper reinforcement (2), in the form of a shell with a "U" section forming a top wall (3) and two side walls (4) covering a core (5 ), the assembly being closed at its lower part by a lower element (6) comprising the metal edges (7), a sliding layer (8) generally made of polyethylene as well as lower reinforcement elements (9, 10).
- An upper surface layer (11) covers the upper reinforcement to form the decor of the base.
- the reinforcing layers (2, 9, 10) can be of all types such as layers of composite materials such as fiberglass, carbon fiber with epoxy or polyester resin or a metal alloy.
- the core (5) can be filled or unloaded foam, wood or a metallic or plastic honeycomb.
- the surface layer (11), monolayer or multilayer providing the decoration can be made of polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene or the like, such as a thermoplastic material.
- the edge (7) is, in a manner known per se, constituted by an "L" profile (FIG. 2a) and its length is approximately that of the length of the underside of the ski.
- Said profile comprises a heel (72) of width "a" and height "b” and an anchor fin (73) of thickness "c" and width "d".
- the steel used is generally steel of the XC60 type having an elastic limit of approximately 1,450 MegaPascal and a tensile strength of approximately 1,800 MegaPascal.
- FIG 3 there is shown in a diagram, the stresses P as a function of the deformations D of a curve C1 relating to a steel of the XC60 type, and a curve C2 relating to a chromium steel resistant to corrosion of the Z30C13 type , referenced in the United States under the reference AISI 420 and in Germany, under the reference X30Cr13 or WNr 4028.
- the elastic characteristics of conventional steel of type XC60 are excellent (curve C1), but that this is not the case for chrome steel (curve C2), for which the elastic limit is only around 850 MegaPascal only.
- the ideal would therefore be to have, for a corrosion-resistant chromium steel, a curve of the type of the curve C1 so that its elastic characteristics are sufficient to be used for the realization of an edge of a ski.
- the present invention proposes to modify the elastic characteristics of a chrome steel ski edge so that these are improved and that they are identical or superior to those of an unalloyed carbon steel edge.
- the method of improving the elasticity of a ski edge (5) consists in a first phase (FIG. 5), of taking a ski edge (7) of initial length "Li” made in Corrosion resistant chromium martensitic steel and for example steel of the type Z30C13 having 0.3% carbon and 13% chromium.
- the initial length “Li” of the edge being at least equal to the length of the ski for which it is intended and is a longitudinal profile of “L” section known per se, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 2a.
- the edge is in a second phase ( Figures 6 and 7), pre-stretched thanks to a pre-stretching assembly (12) which includes a frame (13) and two retaining jaws (14, 15), one of which ( 14) is fixed, while the other (15) is mobile and moves relative to the first, thanks to actuating means (16) which are shown diagrammatically and include for example a screw (17) and a handwheel (18)
- the pre-stretching assembly also comprises means (19) for measuring the pre-stretching forces constituted for example by a dynamometric ring.
- the stretching constraints are of the order of 800 to 1,500 kilograms force, to stretch it to a stretched length "Le “from 2,014 to 2,040 millimeters corresponding to an elongation of 0.7% to 2% ( Figure 8).
- a third step the stretch is stopped to discharge the edge which happens to have a stretched length "Le".
- the retaining jaws (14, 15) are opened to release the edge and it is removed from the pre-stretching assembly (FIG. 8).
- the edge is therefore in a pre-stretched state with a length "Le” equal to 2014 millimeters, and its elastic limit thus passes from 850 MegaPascal to 1300 MegaPascal.
- FIG. 4 shows a diagram showing curves of variation of the stresses as a function of the deformations.
- the deformations (D) are on the abscissa while the constraints (P) are on the ordinate.
- the curve (C'2) illustrates the different phases of the process.
- the portion (OA) of the curve corresponding to pre-stretching, while the segment (AB) corresponds to relaxation.
- the edge then having undergone a permanent extension of 0.7%.
- Curve (C3) represents the new characteristics of the edge having undergone the pre-stretching according to the invention. It can be seen from this diagram that the elastic characteristics of the edge have been considerably improved, thanks to the process.
- the edge (7) is cut beforehand to its initial length "Li" before being mounted in the pre-stretching assembly, but it could be otherwise, and the pre -drawing, the release of the traction and the cutting can be done continuously, as shown schematically in Figure 9.
- a pre-stretching and cutting assembly (120) is used comprising pre means -drawing (121) and pre-cutting means (122).
- the edge (7) being initially wound on a reel (123).
- the invention also relates to the ski equipped with edges (7) pre-stretched according to the method of the invention as well as the method of making the ski, method which consists in using in the process of its manufacture a edge obtained with the method of the invention.
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- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé pour améliorer les qualités élastiques d'une carre en acier destinée à être utilisée dans la fabrication d'un ski. Elle concerne également une carre de ski obtenue avec le procédé ainsi que le ski équipé d'une telle carre.The invention relates to a method for improving the elastic qualities of a steel edge intended to be used in the manufacture of a ski. It also relates to a ski edge obtained with the method as well as the ski equipped with such a edge.
On connait déjà différents types de ski et il en existe de très nombreuses variantes. Ceux-ci sont constitués par une poutre de forme allongée dont l'extrémité avant est courbée vers le haut pour constituer une spatule, l'extrémité arrière l'étant aussi plus légèrement pour constituer le talon.We already know different types of ski and there are many variations. These consist of an elongated beam, the front end of which is curved upwards to form a spatula, the rear end also being more slightly to form the heel.
Les skis actuels ont généralement une structure composite dans laquelle sont combinés différents matériaux, de manière que chacun d'eux intervienne de façon optimale compte-tenu de la distribution des contraintes mécaniques lors de l'utilisation du ski. Ainsi, la structure comprend généralement des éléments de protection périphériques, des éléments internes de résistance pour résister aux contraintes de flexion et de torsion, et un noyau. La structure comprend également une semelle de glissement formant la face inférieure du ski et des carres métalliques inférieures formant les arêtes inférieures du ski. Ces éléments sont assemblés par collage ou par injection, l'assemblage s'effectuant généralement à chaud dans un moule présentant la forme définitive du ski, avec une partie avant fortement relevée en spatule, une partie arrière légèrement relevée en talon, une partie centrale cambrée.Current skis generally have a composite structure in which different materials are combined, so that each of them intervenes optimally taking into account the distribution of mechanical stresses when using the ski. Thus, the structure generally comprises peripheral protective elements, internal resistance elements to resist the flexural and torsional stresses, and a core. The structure also includes a sliding sole forming the underside of the ski and lower metal edges forming the lower edges of the ski. These elements are assembled by gluing or by injection, the assembly generally being carried out hot in a mold having the final shape of the ski, with a front part strongly raised in tip, a rear part slightly raised in heel, a central arched part. .
Les skis alpins actuels sont équipés de carres en acier au carbone du type XC50 à XC70, c'est à dire comprenant de 0,5% à 0,7% de carbone. Ce type d'acier permet d'atteindre, après transformation par tréfilage, laminage et traitement thermique par trempe, d'une part les dimensions de profils spécifiques des carres de ski et la dureté de 50 ± 2 HRC ou de 525 ±30 Vickers HV10 nécessaire à la tenue de l'affûtage, et d'autre part, la limite élastique conventionnelle qui permet à la carre de s'allonger de 0,65% sans déformation et de supporter les flexions alternées d'un ski sans perte de cambre pour celui-ci, et qui permet d'encaisser les chocs accidentels contre les pierres sans détérioration majeure. La limite de 0,5% peut être atteinte au cours de la pratique du ski, lors de chocs violents à grande vitesse, chute du skieur, etc...Current alpine skis are fitted with carbon steel edges of the XC50 to XC70 type, that is to say comprising from 0.5% to 0.7% carbon. This type of steel makes it possible, after transformation by drawing, rolling and heat treatment by quenching, on the one hand, the dimensions of specific profiles of the ski edges and the hardness of 50 ± 2 HRC or 525 ± 30 Vickers HV10 necessary for holding the sharpening, and on the other hand, the conventional elastic limit which allows the edge to lengthen by 0.65% without deformation and to support the alternating flexions of a ski without loss of camber for this one, and which can absorb shocks accidental against stones without major deterioration. The limit of 0.5% can be reached during skiing, during violent shocks at high speed, fall of the skier, etc.
Depuis quelques années, l'insatisfaction principale des utilisateurs de skis alpins est l'oxydation des carres de skis; aussi, de nombreux fabricants de ski ont tenté d'y remédier en substituant aux nuances d'acier au carbone, des nuances du type inox martensitique au chrome, telles que celles utilisées dans la coutellerie.In recent years, the main dissatisfaction of alpine ski users has been the oxidation of ski edges; also, many ski manufacturers have tried to remedy this by substituting carbon steel shades, martensitic stainless steel chrome shades, such as those used in cutlery.
Pour parvenir aux spécifications précédentes propres à la carre de ski, le choix s'est porté sur les nuances Zx et Cy, "x" pouvant varier de 20 à 40 et "y" pouvant varier de 12 à 14, c'est à dire des aciers ayant de 0,2 à 0,4% de carbone pour atteindre le niveau de dureté requis après trempe, et ayant de 12 à 14% de chrome pour la résistance à la corrosion.To arrive at the previous specifications specific to the ski edge, the choice fell on the shades Z x and C y , "x" which can vary from 20 to 40 and "y" which can vary from 12 to 14, it is ie steels having from 0.2 to 0.4% of carbon to reach the level of hardness required after quenching, and having from 12 to 14% of chromium for resistance to corrosion.
Ces tentatives se sont soldées par des échecs car ce type de nuance ne permet pas d'atteindre le niveau de limite élastique (à 0,2% de déformation résiduelle) nécessaire à une carre de ski (environ 1350 N/mm² correspondant à 0,65% d'allongement élastique).These attempts ended in failure because this type of shade does not make it possible to reach the level of elastic limit (at 0.2% residual deformation) necessary for a ski edge (approximately 1350 N / mm² corresponding to 0, 65% elastic elongation).
L'évaluation de cette limite à 0,01% a démontré que pour ce type de carres, on chutait à 850 N/mm² ou 0,4% d'allongement.The evaluation of this limit at 0.01% demonstrated that for this type of edge, it fell to 850 N / mm² or 0.4% elongation.
La présente invention veut donc résoudre les inconvénients des aciers utilisés pour la réalisation des carres de ski et propose un procédé permettant de conserver les propriétés d'anticorrosion des aciers martensitiques résistants à la corrosion, tout en augmentant la limite élastique correspondant à cette nuance, jusqu'à une valeur suffisante pour résister aux conditions dans lesquelles ils sont utilisés. Le procédé selon l'invention permet de donner aux aciers martensitiques au chrome, une limite élastique proche ou même légèrement supérieure à celle qu'ont les aciers au carbone du type XC50 à XC70 et notamment ceux du type XC60 couramment utilisés, et référencés aux Etats-Unis sous la référence AISI C1060 et en Allemagne, sous le référence WNr 1.1221 ou CK60.The present invention therefore seeks to solve the drawbacks of the steels used for the production of ski edges and proposes a method allowing the anticorrosion properties of martensitic steels resistant to corrosion to be preserved, while increasing the elastic limit corresponding to this grade, up to 'at a value sufficient to withstand the conditions under which they are used. The method according to the invention makes it possible to give martensitic chrome steels an elastic limit close to or even slightly higher than that of carbon steels of the XC50 to XC70 type and in particular those of the XC60 type commonly used, and referenced in the States -United under the reference AISI C1060 and in Germany under the reference WNr 1.1221 or CK60.
Ainsi selon l'invention le procédé destiné à améliorer l'élasticité des carres de ski en acier résistant à la corrosion du type martensitique au chrome, consiste à pré-étirer la carre, en lui faisant subir une traction au-delà de sa limite élastique afin de lui donner une déformation longitudinale irréversible tout en modifiant son taux d'écrouissage.Thus according to the invention the method intended to improve the elasticity of ski edges made of corrosion-resistant steel of the martensitic type with chromium, consists in pre-stretching the edge, by subjecting it to traction beyond its elastic limit in order to give it an irreversible longitudinal deformation while modifying its rate of work hardening.
Le procédé selon l'invention consiste donc, dans une étape préalable conventionnelle, à réaliser la carre de ski avec un acier résistant à la corrosion du type martensitique au chrome, puis de la pré-étirer en lui faisant subir une traction au-delà de sa limite élastique, et d'arrêter le pré-étirage en supprimant la traction longitudinale. Au cours de l'étape préalable, la carre est réalisée de façon conventionnelle, à savoir par tréfilage, laminage avec recuit, estampage, trempe et revenu. Et en augmentant son taux d'écrouissage par une opération de prédéformation.The method according to the invention therefore consists, in a conventional preliminary step, of making the ski edge with a corrosion-resistant steel of the martensitic type with chromium, then of pre-stretching it by subjecting it to traction beyond its elastic limit, and to stop the pre-stretching by removing the longitudinal traction. During the preliminary stage, the edge is produced in a conventional manner, namely by drawing, rolling with annealing, stamping, quenching and tempering. And by increasing its work hardening rate by a pre-shaping operation.
L'invention concerne aussi la carre de ski obtenue avec le procédé ainsi que le ski fabriqué avec une telle carre.The invention also relates to the ski edge obtained with the method as well as the ski manufactured with such an edge.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention se dégageront de la description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés, qui ne sont donnés qu'à titre d'exemples non limitatifs.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows with reference to the appended drawings, which are given only by way of nonlimiting examples.
La figure 1 est une vue latérale montrant un ski selon l'invention.Figure 1 is a side view showing a ski according to the invention.
La figure 2 est une coupe transversale selon TT du ski de la figure 1, montrant les différents composants et notamment les carres selon l'invention.Figure 2 is a cross section along TT of the ski of Figure 1, showing the various components and in particular the edges according to the invention.
La figure 2a est un détail de la figure 1.Figure 2a is a detail of Figure 1.
Les figures 3 et 4 sont des diagrammes représentant des courbes de contraintes en fonction des déformations.Figures 3 and 4 are diagrams representing stress curves as a function of deformations.
La figure 3 représente la courbe d'un acier au carbone et la courbe d'un acier au chrome.Figure 3 shows the curve of carbon steel and the curve of chrome steel.
La figure 4 représente la courbe d'un acier au chrome et la courbe du même acier ayant subi le procédé de l'invention.FIG. 4 represents the curve of a chrome steel and the curve of the same steel having undergone the process of the invention.
Les figures 5, 6, 7 et 8 représentent les différentes phases du procédé de l'invention.Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 show the different phases of the process of the invention.
La figure 9 représente une variante d'exécution du procédé.FIG. 9 represents an alternative embodiment of the method.
Le ski représenté à la figure 1 et destiné à recevoir les carres réalisées selon le procédé de l'invention, est constitué par une poutre de forme allongée comprenant de façon connue en soit, à l'avant une zone relevée constituant la spatule (100) et à l'arrière une partie légèrement relevée constituant le talon (101). La structure du ski (1) peut être du type sandwich avec par exemple des lames de flexion parallèles et disposées de part et d'autre d'un noyau, ou du type à caisson avec lame de résistance enveloppant le noyau sur les quatre faces, ou de tout autre type. A la figure 2, on a représenté un exemple de structure comprenant un renfort supérieur (2) rigide, en forme de coque à section en "U" formant une paroi supérieure (3) et deux parois latérales (4) recouvrant un noyau (5), l'ensemble étant fermé à sa partie inférieure par un élément inférieur (6) comportant les carres métalliques (7), une couche (8) de glissement généralement en polyéthylène ainsi que des éléments de renfort inférieur (9, 10). Une couche supérieure superficielle (11) recouvre le renfort supérieur pour former le décor de l'embase.The ski represented in FIG. 1 and intended to receive the edges produced according to the method of the invention, is constituted by a beam of elongated shape comprising in known manner either, at the front an area raised constituting the tip (100) and at the rear a slightly raised part constituting the heel (101). The structure of the ski (1) can be of the sandwich type with for example parallel flexion blades and arranged on either side of a core, or of the box type with resistance blade enveloping the core on the four faces, or any other type. In Figure 2, an example of a structure is shown comprising a rigid upper reinforcement (2), in the form of a shell with a "U" section forming a top wall (3) and two side walls (4) covering a core (5 ), the assembly being closed at its lower part by a lower element (6) comprising the metal edges (7), a sliding layer (8) generally made of polyethylene as well as lower reinforcement elements (9, 10). An upper surface layer (11) covers the upper reinforcement to form the decor of the base.
Les couches de renfort (2, 9, 10) peuvent être de tous types tels que des couches de matériaux composites comme de la fibre de verre, fibre de carbone avec de la résine époxy ou polyester ou en alliage métallique.The reinforcing layers (2, 9, 10) can be of all types such as layers of composite materials such as fiberglass, carbon fiber with epoxy or polyester resin or a metal alloy.
Le noyau (5) peut être de la mousse chargée ou non, du bois ou du nid d'abeille en métallique ou en plastique.The core (5) can be filled or unloaded foam, wood or a metallic or plastic honeycomb.
La couche superficielle (11), monocouche ou multicouche assurant le décor peut être en polyamide, en acrylonitrile-butadiène-styrène ou autre, tel qu'en matériau thermoplastique.The surface layer (11), monolayer or multilayer providing the decoration can be made of polyamide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene or the like, such as a thermoplastic material.
La carre (7) est, de façon connue en soi, constituée par un profil en "L" (figure 2a) et sa longueur est approximativement celle de la longueur du dessous du ski. Ledit profil comprend un talon (72) de largeur "a" et de hauteur "b" et une ailette d'ancrage (73) d'épaisseur "c" et de largeur "d". Les dimensions des carres étant par exemple telles que a = b = 2 millimètres, c = 0,6 millimètres et d = 3 à 6 millimètres.The edge (7) is, in a manner known per se, constituted by an "L" profile (FIG. 2a) and its length is approximately that of the length of the underside of the ski. Said profile comprises a heel (72) of width "a" and height "b" and an anchor fin (73) of thickness "c" and width "d". The dimensions of the edges being for example such as a = b = 2 millimeters, c = 0.6 millimeters and d = 3 to 6 millimeters.
On trouve généralement dans le domaine du ski, des carres en acier-carbone non allié. Ce type d'acier est utilisé actuellement dans la fabrication des skis pour leurs excellentes caractéristiques mécaniques et notamment leur bonne élasticité. En effet, l'acier utilisé est généralement de l'acier du type XC60 ayant une limite élastique d'environ 1 450 MégaPascal et une résistance à la rupture d'environ 1 800 MégaPascal.Generally found in the ski area, unalloyed carbon steel edges. This type of steel is currently used in the manufacture of skis for their excellent mechanical characteristics and in particular their good elasticity. In fact, the steel used is generally steel of the XC60 type having an elastic limit of approximately 1,450 MegaPascal and a tensile strength of approximately 1,800 MegaPascal.
A la figure 3, on a représenté dans un diagramme, les contraintes P en fonction des déformations D d'une courbe C1 relative à un acier du type XC60, et une courbe C2 relative à un acier au chrome résistant à la corrosion du type Z30C13, référencé aux Etats-Unis sous la référence AISI 420 et en Allemagne, sous la référence X30Cr13 ou WNr 4028. On constate sur ce premier diagramme que les caractéristiques élastiques de l'acier classique du type XC60 sont excellentes (courbe C1), mais que ce n'est pas le cas pour l'acier au chrome (courbe C2), pour lequel la limite élastique est d'environ 850 MégaPascal seulement. L'idéal serait donc d'avoir, pour un acier au chrome résistant à la corrosion, une courbe du type de la courbe C1 pour que ses caractéristiques élastiques soient suffisantes pour être utilisées pour la réalisation d'une carre d'un ski. La présente invention se propose de modifier les caractéristiques élastiques d'une carre de ski en acier au chrome pour que celles-ci soient améliorées et qu'elles soient identiques ou supérieures à celles d'une carre en acier au carbone non allié.In Figure 3, there is shown in a diagram, the stresses P as a function of the deformations D of a curve C1 relating to a steel of the XC60 type, and a curve C2 relating to a chromium steel resistant to corrosion of the Z30C13 type , referenced in the United States under the reference AISI 420 and in Germany, under the reference X30Cr13 or WNr 4028. It can be seen on this first diagram that the elastic characteristics of conventional steel of type XC60 are excellent (curve C1), but that this is not the case for chrome steel (curve C2), for which the elastic limit is only around 850 MegaPascal only. The ideal would therefore be to have, for a corrosion-resistant chromium steel, a curve of the type of the curve C1 so that its elastic characteristics are sufficient to be used for the realization of an edge of a ski. The present invention proposes to modify the elastic characteristics of a chrome steel ski edge so that these are improved and that they are identical or superior to those of an unalloyed carbon steel edge.
Le procédé d'amélioration de l'élasticité d'une carre (5) de ski selon l'invention, consiste dans une première phase (figure 5), à prendre une carre de ski (7) de longueur initiale "Li" réalisée en acier martensitique au chrome résistant à la corrosion et par exemple de l'acier du type Z30C13 ayant 0,3 % de carbone et 13 % de chrome. La longueur initiale "Li" de la carre étant au moins égale à la longueur du ski pour lequel elle est destinée et est un profil longitudinal de section en "L" connue en soi, telle que représentée aux figures 2 et 2a.The method of improving the elasticity of a ski edge (5) according to the invention, consists in a first phase (FIG. 5), of taking a ski edge (7) of initial length "Li" made in Corrosion resistant chromium martensitic steel and for example steel of the type Z30C13 having 0.3% carbon and 13% chromium. The initial length “Li” of the edge being at least equal to the length of the ski for which it is intended and is a longitudinal profile of “L” section known per se, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 2a.
La carre est dans une deuxième phase (figures 6 et 7), pré-étirée grâce à un ensemble de pré-étirage (12) qui comprend un bâti (13) et deux mâchoires de retenue (14, 15) dont l'une (14) est fixe, tandis que l'autre (15) est mobile et se déplace par rapport à la première, grâce à des moyens d'actionnement (16) qui sont représentés schématiquement et comprennent par exemple une vis (17) et un volant de manoeuvre.(18) L'ensemble de pré-étirage comprend par ailleurs des moyens de mesure (19) des efforts de pré-étirage constitués par exemple par un anneau dynamométrique. L'une des extrémités (70) de la carre (7) est retenue par la mâchoire fixe (14) tandis que l'autre (71) des extrémités l'est par la mâchoire mobile (15), et pendant cette deuxième phase, par déplacement selon F de la mâchoire mobile (15), on provoque l'allongement "l" de la carre jusqu'à dépasser sa limite élastique de façon à lui imposer une déformation irréversible. Ainsi, pour une carre de section 6,6 millimètres carrés et de longueur initiale 2 000 millimètres, les contraintes d'étirage sont de l'ordre de 800 à 1 500 kilogrammes force, pour l'étirer jusqu'à une longueur étirée "Le" de 2 014 à 2 040 millimètres correspondant à un allongement de 0,7% à 2% (figure 8).The edge is in a second phase (Figures 6 and 7), pre-stretched thanks to a pre-stretching assembly (12) which includes a frame (13) and two retaining jaws (14, 15), one of which ( 14) is fixed, while the other (15) is mobile and moves relative to the first, thanks to actuating means (16) which are shown diagrammatically and include for example a screw (17) and a handwheel (18) The pre-stretching assembly also comprises means (19) for measuring the pre-stretching forces constituted for example by a dynamometric ring. One of the ends (70) of the edge (7) is retained by the fixed jaw (14) while the other (71) of the ends is retained by the movable jaw (15), and during this second phase, by displacement along F of the movable jaw (15), the edge is elongated "l" until it exceeds its elastic limit so to impose an irreversible deformation on it. Thus, for a square section of 6.6 square millimeters and an initial length of 2000 millimeters, the stretching constraints are of the order of 800 to 1,500 kilograms force, to stretch it to a stretched length "Le "from 2,014 to 2,040 millimeters corresponding to an elongation of 0.7% to 2% (Figure 8).
Dans une troisième étape, on stoppe l'étirement pour décharger la carre qui se trouve avoir une longueur étirée "Le". Pour ce faire, on ouvre les mâchoires de retenue (14, 15) pour libérer la carre et l'on retire celle-ci de l'ensemble de pré-étirage (figure 8). La carre se trouve donc dans un état pré-étiré de longueur "Le" égale à 2 014 millimètres, et sa limite élastique passe ainsi de 850 MégaPascal à 1 300 MégaPascal.In a third step, the stretch is stopped to discharge the edge which happens to have a stretched length "Le". To do this, the retaining jaws (14, 15) are opened to release the edge and it is removed from the pre-stretching assembly (FIG. 8). The edge is therefore in a pre-stretched state with a length "Le" equal to 2014 millimeters, and its elastic limit thus passes from 850 MegaPascal to 1300 MegaPascal.
On a représenté à la figure 4, un diagramme montrant des courbes de variation des contraintes en fonction des déformations. Les déformations (D) sont en abscisses tandis que les contraintes (P) sont en ordonnées. La courbe (C'2) illustre les différentes phases du procédé. La portion (OA) de la courbe correspondant au pré-étirage, tandis que le segment (AB) correspond au relâchement. La carre ayant alors subi un allongement permanent de 0,7%. La courbe (C3) représente les caractéristiques nouvelles de la carre ayant subi le pré-étirage selon l'invention. On constate sur ce diagramme que les caractéristiques élastiques de la carre ont été, grâce au procédé, considérablement améliorées.FIG. 4 shows a diagram showing curves of variation of the stresses as a function of the deformations. The deformations (D) are on the abscissa while the constraints (P) are on the ordinate. The curve (C'2) illustrates the different phases of the process. The portion (OA) of the curve corresponding to pre-stretching, while the segment (AB) corresponds to relaxation. The edge then having undergone a permanent extension of 0.7%. Curve (C3) represents the new characteristics of the edge having undergone the pre-stretching according to the invention. It can be seen from this diagram that the elastic characteristics of the edge have been considerably improved, thanks to the process.
Dans le procédé décrit précédemment à titre d'exemple, la carre (7) est préalablement découpée à sa longueur initiale "Li" avant d'être montée dans l'ensemble de pré-étirage, mais il pourrait en être autrement, et le pré-étirage, la libération de la traction et le découpage peuvent se faire en continu, comme cela est représenté schématiquement à la figure 9. A cet effet, on utilise un ensemble de pré-étirage et de découpe (120) comprenant des moyens de pré-étirage (121) et des moyens de pré-découpage (122). La carre (7) étant initialement enroulée sur une bobine (123).In the method described above by way of example, the edge (7) is cut beforehand to its initial length "Li" before being mounted in the pre-stretching assembly, but it could be otherwise, and the pre -drawing, the release of the traction and the cutting can be done continuously, as shown schematically in Figure 9. For this purpose, a pre-stretching and cutting assembly (120) is used comprising pre means -drawing (121) and pre-cutting means (122). The edge (7) being initially wound on a reel (123).
L'invention concerne aussi le ski équipé de carres (7) pré-étirées selon le procédé de l'invention ainsi que le procédé de réalisation du ski, procédé qui consiste à utiliser dans le processus de sa fabrication une carre obtenue avec le procédé de l'invention.The invention also relates to the ski equipped with edges (7) pre-stretched according to the method of the invention as well as the method of making the ski, method which consists in using in the process of its manufacture a edge obtained with the method of the invention.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés à titre d'exemples, mais elle comprend aussi tous les équivalents techniques ainsi que leurs combinaisons et d'autres variantes sont également possibles sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown by way of examples, but it includes also all technical equivalents as well as their combinations and other variants are also possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
réaliser la carre de ski avec un acier résistant à la corrosion du type martensitique au chrome,
pré-étirer la carre en lui faisant subir une traction au-delà de sa limite élastique,
supprimer le pré-étirage en supprimant la traction longitudinale.Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it consists in:
make the ski edge with a corrosion-resistant steel of the martensitic type with chrome,
pre-stretch the edge by subjecting it to traction beyond its elastic limit,
remove the pre-stretch by removing the longitudinal traction.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9111168A FR2680698B1 (en) | 1991-09-04 | 1991-09-04 | PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE ELASTICITY OF THE SQUARE OF A SKI. |
| FR9111168 | 1991-09-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0530463A1 true EP0530463A1 (en) | 1993-03-10 |
Family
ID=9416803
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92111418A Withdrawn EP0530463A1 (en) | 1991-09-04 | 1992-07-06 | Method to improve the elasticity of ski-edges |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5327634A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0530463A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2680698B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4218099A1 (en) * | 1991-08-28 | 1993-03-04 | Waelzholz C D Prod Gmbh | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SKI EDGE |
| US5662759A (en) * | 1994-12-09 | 1997-09-02 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Apparatus and method for providing uniform stretched edges of strip material for splicing |
| EP1317975A1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-06-11 | H.A. Schlatter Ag | Device for producing stretched wire |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE551262A (en) * | ||||
| EP0031399A2 (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-07-08 | Consultronic (Int.)Ltd. | Material for the production of stainless Alpine ski edges |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3687469A (en) * | 1969-06-18 | 1972-08-29 | Iwao Wada | Method for producing ski-edge |
| US3871925A (en) * | 1972-11-29 | 1975-03-18 | Brunswick Corp | Method of conditioning 18{14 8 stainless steel |
| US4402423A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-09-06 | Emerson Electric Co. | Die set packaging system |
| US5141243A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1992-08-25 | Pacific Coast Composites, Inc. | Alpine ski with a simplified construction |
-
1991
- 1991-09-04 FR FR9111168A patent/FR2680698B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-07-06 EP EP92111418A patent/EP0530463A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-09-04 US US07/941,222 patent/US5327634A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE551262A (en) * | ||||
| EP0031399A2 (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-07-08 | Consultronic (Int.)Ltd. | Material for the production of stainless Alpine ski edges |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5327634A (en) | 1994-07-12 |
| FR2680698B1 (en) | 1993-12-03 |
| FR2680698A1 (en) | 1993-03-05 |
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