EP0530246A1 - Method for improving the transmission of information in the form of data packets, in accordance with a distributed queuing protocol. - Google Patents
Method for improving the transmission of information in the form of data packets, in accordance with a distributed queuing protocol.Info
- Publication number
- EP0530246A1 EP0530246A1 EP91909477A EP91909477A EP0530246A1 EP 0530246 A1 EP0530246 A1 EP 0530246A1 EP 91909477 A EP91909477 A EP 91909477A EP 91909477 A EP91909477 A EP 91909477A EP 0530246 A1 EP0530246 A1 EP 0530246A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- access unit
- request
- counter
- transmission
- bus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2852—Metropolitan area networks
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for transmitting information in the form of data packets in a communications network which comprises two unidirec ⁇ tional transmission channels of opposing transmission of which is linked both to the first and to the second transmission channel, information being moved, under the control of clock signals, respectively from the first to the last access unit linked to the one transmission channel and from the last to the first access unit linked to the other transmission channel and successive time slots being generated which always comprise the same predetermined number of clock signal cycles, in which time slots at least a number of information bits can be written, an access unit which wishes to transmit a data packet placing a request bit in a time slot in " the transmission channel other than the channel in which the data packet has to be transmitted and each access unit recording the number of request bits passed through and the number of request bits still to be transmitted by said access unit.
- DQDB protocol use is made of two transmission channels, in general data buses, (1 and 2) with mutually opposing communication directions. A series of successive access units is connected to the two buses. The information to be transmitted is transferred to time slots of a fixed size (53 bytes) .
- Access units which have data to transmit select one of the two buses, for example using as criterion the location of the access unit to which the data must be transmitted.
- the data packets to be transmitted are dispatched via the time slots passing by, after first completing an access protocol for the relevant time slot.
- This access protocol proceeds as follows: An access unit which receives a report for transmission in the transmission direction of bus 1 places, as soon as this is possible, a request bit in a predetermined section of a time slot on bus 2. By this means the access units in the transmission direction of bus 2, that is to say opposite to the transmission direction of bus l, are informed that a report is ready for transmission on bus 1 and that these access units must allow an empty time slot to pass by. In this way, as it were, a distributed FIFO buffer is constructed for each bus. For this mechanism a so-called request counter, a so-called countdown counter and a so-called outstanding request counter are provided in each access unit for each bus.
- the request counter in each access unit which belongs to bus 2 thus contains an indication with regard to the number of still outstanding requests for transmission on bus 1, while mutatis mutandis the same applies for the request counter in each access unit which belongs to bus 1.
- Each empty time slot, that is to say a possibility for transmitting data, which passes by on bus 1 results in the reading on the request counter of bus 2 being reduced by one.
- the relevant access unit When the relevant access unit receives data for transmission on bus l, the contents of the request counter of bus 2 are transferred to the countdown counter of bus 1 and the request counter of bus 2 is reset.
- the countdown counter consequently contains information with regard to the number of outstanding requests before the relevant access unit received a data packet for trans ⁇ mission, while the request counter from that point in time starts to record the information with regard to the number of still outstanding requests after said data packet has been offered for transmission.
- a request bit In order that the relevant access unit is able to transmit this data packet a request bit must be transmitted on bus 2; this is effected by increasing the counter reading of the out ⁇ standing request counter of bus 2 by one. As soon as the relevant access unit becomes able to transmit a request bit on bus 2, the counter reading of the outstanding request counter is reduced by one.
- a request bit is transmitted for each data packet to be transmitted.
- the counter reading of the countdown counter of bus l is reduced by one, and when the counter reading of the countdown counter consequently becomes zero, the data packet may be dispatched in the first subsequent empty time slot.
- a drawback of the DQDB protocol is that the capacity of the buses for the transmission of data is not put to optimum use, because a request bit always passes through to the end of the bus, so that the situation can arise that free time slots are reserved when this is no longer necessary, because the access unit which trans ⁇ mitted this request bit has already been able to transmit its data.
- the empty slot counter thus contains information with regard to the number of possibilities for transmission which an access unit has allowed to pass through. If the counter reading of the empty slot counter is not zero, when a request is received on the other bus by means of a request bit in a time slot, it is then possible, because a possibility for transmission, that is to say an empty time slot, has already been allowed to pass through beforehand by the access unit, for said request bit to be erased by resett ⁇ ing the latter. At the same time, the counter reading of the empty slot counter is reduced by one, because one possibility for transmission is going to be used. If the counter reading of the empty slot counter is zero, each incoming request bit is allowed to pass through and the counter reading of the request counter is increased by one.
- the two counters can therefore never simultaneously have a counter reading with a value greater than zero.
- the request counter contains informa ⁇ tion with regard to the number of still outstanding requests for empty time slots. If in this situation an empty time slot passes by, said time slot is allowed to pass through and the counter reading of the request counter is reduced by one.
- a handshake protocol which involves each station which receives and forwards an empty time slot, as a result of which the counter reading of the empty slot counter of said access unit is increased by one, informing the access unit which for ⁇ warded said empty time slot and is the preceding unit in the transmission direction that said empty time slot has been received.
- a request bit is trans- mitted in a time slot on the other bus, which results in the counter reading of the empty slot counter in the preceding access unit being reduced by one and the "handshake" request bit being erased.
- An advantage of the D 3 Q protocol over the DQDB protocol is that request bits do not now pass through the entire bus and reserve no further empty time slots as soon as they have passed by "their" empty time slot.
- Figure 1 shows, by way of example, three access units or stations 7, 8 and 9.
- the bus 1 is always indi- cated diagrammatically above these stations and the bus
- time slots being shown, likewise diagrammatically, as rectangles, which time slots are divided into a first section in which, inter alia, the request bit can be placed, and a second section for the data. If one of these sections is hatched in the figure, this means that it contains, respectively, data or a request bit, while the numeral in the hatched section indicates the station for which the data is intended or the station which has originated the request bit.
- Figures l a, b, c show three successive steps, a time slot having arrived at the next station in each case.
- station 7 wishes to transmit data.
- said station places a request bit in a time slot which, seen in the figure, goes via the bus 2 to the left.
- Figure lb shows that the status of station 9 does not change.
- Station 8 reads the contents of the time slot and erases these (destination deletion) and lowers the counter reading of the request counter belonging to this station by one because an empty time slot, and thus a possibility fortransmission, is forwarded. Subsequently, as is shown in Figure lc, station 7 can transmit its data in this empty time slot. However, in station 9 a request for an empty time slot is still recorded in the request counter, whereas station 7 has already transmitted the data. In this way, more time slots are thus reserved than are needed and the effective capacity of the bus is reduced.
- the aim of the invention is to provide a solution to this problem, by which means it becomes possible, via a communications network having the configuration described above, both in a ring structure and in a structure with buses of finite length, to erase the information in time slots which have reached their destination, without this leading to a reduction in the effective capacity of the network, but, on the contrary, the capacity is utilised to the optimum.
- the invention provides a method of the abovementioned type, with which data in a time slot can be erased in at least one access unit and with which each access unit which is able to erase data is able to reset received request bits, with which, in said access units for the relevant transmission channel, the number of request bits to be reset by said access unit is recorded, and with which a request bit on a transmission channel is reset by the access unit which receives this request bit when the number of request bits to be reset by said access unit on said channel is greater than the number of request bits still to be transmitted by said access unit over said channel.
- the method according to the invention can best be understood if it is explained with reference to a diagram which gives an overview of the various statuses a - g of an access unit and which then indicates, in the case of a specific occurrence, which action results from this occurrence for each of the said statuses.
- a diagram of this type is shown in the appended status diagram. In this context it is emphasised that this diagram shows only those statuses, occurrences and actions in respect of which the method differs from the known DQDB or D 3 Q protocol; in respect of all of the statuses and occurrences which are not shown it is the case that the « actions which result therefrom are the same as in the case of the original DQDB or D 3 Q protocol.
- a full time slot has arrived via bus 1 at a specific station and said time slot has been read, emptied and forwarded empty by said station; 2) A full time slot has arrived on bus 1 at a specific station and said time slot has been read, emptied and refilled by said station;
- a time slot is emptied and forwarded empty by a specific station (occurrence 1) and still outstanding requests are recorded at said station, which is the case 3 if the counter reading of the request counter is greater than 0 or that of the countdown counter is greater than 0, as shown in status a and d, this station is then entitled to erase a request bit and the counter reading of the relevant request erase counter is increased by one. In addition, the counter reading of the request counter and that of the countdown counter are reduced by one in the same way as in the original protocol. If, however, the time slot is emptied when the counter reading of the two counters is zero (status c) , nothing occurs in the case of the DQDB protocol. In the case of the D 3 Q protocol the counter reading of the empty slot counter is increased by one, but a handshake protocol is not carried out, which signifies that the counter reading of the outstanding request counter is not increased.
- a station whose counter reading of the request erase counter has a value greater than 0 can erase as many request bits as the value of the request erase counter indicates. If, on the other hand, the station in question itself still has request bits to transmit, which is indicated by the counter reading of the outstanding request counter being greater than 0, request bits can then be erased only under specific conditions. For this purpose, the counter reading of the outstanding request counter and that of the request erase counter are first compared with one another and the highest counter reading is reduced by the lower or possibly identical counter reading. At the same time, if the time slot passing by contains a request bit, the counter reading of the request counter is increased by one. If the counter reading of the request erase counter is the highest (status e) , a request bit which has been received is then reset.
- the request bit then remains in position or a request bit is placed if it was not yet placed. If the counter reading of the request erase counter is the same as that of the outstanding request counter, nothing occurs with the request bit and said bit is forwarded to the next station.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL9001173A NL9001173A (en) | 1990-05-21 | 1990-05-21 | METHOD OF IMPROVING THE TRANSFER OF INFORMATION IN THE FORM OF DATA PACKAGES ACCORDING TO A DISTRIBUTED QUEUE PROTOCOL. |
NL9001173 | 1990-05-21 | ||
PCT/EP1991/000907 WO1991018461A1 (en) | 1990-05-21 | 1991-05-14 | Method for improving the transmission of information in the form of data packets, in accordance with a distributed queuing protocol |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0530246A1 true EP0530246A1 (en) | 1993-03-10 |
EP0530246B1 EP0530246B1 (en) | 1994-08-17 |
Family
ID=19857123
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91909477A Expired - Lifetime EP0530246B1 (en) | 1990-05-21 | 1991-05-14 | Method for improving the transmission of information in the form of data packets, in accordance with a distributed queuing protocol |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5416775A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0530246B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0716202B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE110206T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU648799B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2081658C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69103526T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0530246T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2061249T3 (en) |
NL (1) | NL9001173A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991018461A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5678007A (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1997-10-14 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and apparatus for supporting multiple outstanding network requests on a single connection |
US10803039B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2020-10-13 | Oracle International Corporation | Method for efficient primary key based queries using atomic RDMA reads on cache friendly in-memory hash index |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ATE82097T1 (en) * | 1984-12-03 | 1992-11-15 | Univ Western Australia | LOG FOR QUEUE. |
AU623953B2 (en) * | 1988-12-07 | 1992-05-28 | Telstra Corporation Limited | A communications method for a shared-medium communications network |
EP0381868B1 (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1994-09-07 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and system for transmitting buffered data packets on a communications network |
EP0388574B1 (en) * | 1989-03-23 | 1994-06-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for distributed queue multiple access in a communication system |
EP0413066B1 (en) * | 1989-08-16 | 1994-06-15 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Communications system |
AU641688B2 (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1993-09-30 | Telstra Corporation Limited | An erase station and a method of erasing slots |
US5001707A (en) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-03-19 | Northern Telecom Limited | Method of providing reserved bandwidth in a dual bus system |
US4977557A (en) * | 1989-12-14 | 1990-12-11 | Northern Telecom Limited | Method of providing effective priority access in a dual bus system |
US5124981A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1992-06-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Access control method for dqdb network |
US5115430A (en) * | 1990-09-24 | 1992-05-19 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Fair access of multi-priority traffic to distributed-queue dual-bus networks |
-
1990
- 1990-05-21 NL NL9001173A patent/NL9001173A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1991
- 1991-05-14 AT AT91909477T patent/ATE110206T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-14 ES ES91909477T patent/ES2061249T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-14 EP EP91909477A patent/EP0530246B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-14 JP JP3509260A patent/JPH0716202B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-14 DE DE69103526T patent/DE69103526T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-14 AU AU78740/91A patent/AU648799B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-05-14 DK DK91909477.1T patent/DK0530246T3/en active
- 1991-05-14 WO PCT/EP1991/000907 patent/WO1991018461A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-05-14 CA CA002081658A patent/CA2081658C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-14 US US07/941,075 patent/US5416775A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9118461A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE110206T1 (en) | 1994-09-15 |
EP0530246B1 (en) | 1994-08-17 |
JPH0716202B2 (en) | 1995-02-22 |
NL9001173A (en) | 1991-12-16 |
CA2081658A1 (en) | 1991-11-22 |
DE69103526D1 (en) | 1994-09-22 |
ES2061249T3 (en) | 1994-12-01 |
WO1991018461A1 (en) | 1991-11-28 |
AU648799B2 (en) | 1994-05-05 |
JPH05502359A (en) | 1993-04-22 |
AU7874091A (en) | 1991-12-10 |
US5416775A (en) | 1995-05-16 |
DK0530246T3 (en) | 1995-01-02 |
DE69103526T2 (en) | 1995-02-23 |
CA2081658C (en) | 1998-05-05 |
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