EP0527714A1 - Hohlraumantenne - Google Patents

Hohlraumantenne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0527714A1
EP0527714A1 EP92850148A EP92850148A EP0527714A1 EP 0527714 A1 EP0527714 A1 EP 0527714A1 EP 92850148 A EP92850148 A EP 92850148A EP 92850148 A EP92850148 A EP 92850148A EP 0527714 A1 EP0527714 A1 EP 0527714A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
cavity
dielectric
layers
hollow spaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92850148A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0527714B1 (de
Inventor
Lars Wiklund
Erland Cassel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CelsiusTech Electronics AB
Original Assignee
NobelTech Electronics AB
CelsiusTech Electronics AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NobelTech Electronics AB, CelsiusTech Electronics AB filed Critical NobelTech Electronics AB
Publication of EP0527714A1 publication Critical patent/EP0527714A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0527714B1 publication Critical patent/EP0527714B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
    • H01Q19/09—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens wherein the primary active element is coated with or embedded in a dielectric or magnetic material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic radiation comprising a cavity, an aperture arranged in front of the cavity, a feed element arranged in the cavity and a dielectric arranged in connection with the cavity.
  • Cavity antennas with a dielectric according to the above paragraph are well known to the expert in the antenna field.
  • the measurement results shown certainly apply to an airfilled cavity but it is apparent from the article that many cavity antennas have a dielectric filling.
  • the cavity antennas have a directional effect and are suitable for use as communication antennas within, for example, the UHF band.
  • the known cavity antennas have a number of characteristics in common which are unwanted, at least with certain applications.
  • the antenna has a relatively large radar target cross-section.
  • the large radar target cross-section is primarily caused by the corner reflectors inside the cavity.
  • the equipment has the smallest possible radar target cross-section.
  • Stealth technology is becoming more and more important in the construction of military equipment.
  • the antenna cavity is bulky and, in consequence, heavy.
  • the aim of the present invention is achieved by an antenna which is characterised by the fact that the dielectric is provided with hollow spaces and that these hollow spaces contain electrically conducting shells.
  • the radar target cross-section of the antenna is significantly reduced to a level comparable to the level of a plane plate.
  • the dielectric provided with holes forms a frequency-selective volume with low-pass characteristics.
  • the radar target cross-section produced by the corner reflectors within the cavity has been reduced to an acceptable level.
  • the dielectric provided with holes, with an electrically conducting shells and also called artificial dielectric hereinafter exhibits a change both of the dielectric constant and the permeability constant. This entails that also the index of refraction is changed, or, more accurately, increases.
  • the artificial dielectric also exhibits changed transmission and reflection characteristics. Low frequencies are transmitted and high frequencies are reflected.
  • the artificial dielectric can assume different frequency characteristics. For example, the artificial dielectric can be made to be mainly reflecting over a very large frequency range.
  • the dielectric used entails that its size and the size of the antenna cavity can be reduced without reducing the antenna frequency bandwidth. This thus results in a more compact antenna with unchanged performance.
  • the more compact format also makes possible a significant reduction in the weight of the antenna.
  • a further weight reduction is produced by the dielectric according to the invention which, through its hole structure, has a lower weight per volume unit than the dielectric used earlier.
  • the hole spaces in the dielectric are advantageously periodically arranged in a threedimensional matrix, which results in a dielectric with adequate low-pass characteristics.
  • the dielectric is divided up into a number of layers, each layer consisting of two part-layers with indentations arranged opposite one another in opposite surfaces of the part layers for forming hollow spaces.
  • a dividing of the dielectric into layers and part layers according to this embodiment provides the antenna with great flexibility and makes the installation of the electrically conducting shells relatively uncomplicated.
  • the shells are installed in the indentations of one part layer. After that the other cooperating part layer is installed.
  • Each pair of part layers will contain a plane with conducting shells.
  • the number of pairs of part layers comprised in the dielectric determines and corresponds to the number of planes with conducting shells.
  • the antenna 1 shown in Figure 1 and 2 comprises a cavity 2 mounted in a frame 3 in its open end.
  • the aperture 4 of the antenna is defined by the open end of the cavity and is rectangular in the embodiment shown.
  • a feed element 5 is arranged in the inside of the cavity 2 in its front part and has the shape of a T-shaped bar.
  • a feed cable 6 connects the feed element 5 and the cavity 2 to external units and is preferably constituted by a coaxial cable.
  • the major part of the cavity 2 is filled with a dielectric 7.
  • the dielectric 7 is divided into four layers 8, 9, 10, 11.
  • the number of layers can vary from only one to significantly more than the four layers shown, depending on what is suitable for the actual antenna. The choice is determined by the size of the cavity 2 and the requirements for the characteristics of the dielectric 7.
  • Figure 4 shows layer 11 in a perspective view.
  • Each layer 8, 9, 10, 11 is in turn divided into part layers, part layers 11a, 11b being shown for layer 11 in Figure 2 and 4.
  • the part layers 11a, 11b have a plane surface 12a and 12b, respectively.
  • symmetrically arranged indentations 13a and 13b with an essentially hemispherical shape are located.
  • a layer 11 with essentially spherical hollow spaces 14 is formed.
  • one part layer 11a is provided with electrically conducting spherical shells 15 in the hemispherical indentations 13a.
  • the shells 15 fill out the hollow spaces 14.
  • the shells are made of metallic or metallized shells and can be made, for example, of silver-coated celluloid balls.
  • the layers which enclose the electrically conducting shells are suitably made of material with low electromagnetic transmission losses for frequencies up to about 10 GHz and, for example, a material sold under the trademark Roasell, can be used.
  • the unwanted radiation is reduced which is otherwise reflected by the cavity in the direction of the incident radiation and is mainly caused by the corner reflectors in the interior of the cavity.
  • the artificial dielectric is placed in front of the cavity bottom.
  • the incident radiation is then reflected against the dielectric instead, since this is constructed for reflecting the frequencies or frequency ranges for which it is desired to reduce the radiation reflected by the cavity. If the normal to a three-dimensional matrix formed by the shells in the dielectric is not directed towards the incident radiation, the reflected radiation will be strongly reduced in the direction of incidence.
  • the known antenna contains a homogeneous dielectric without division into layers and inhomogeneity-creating hollow spaces filled with electrically conducting shells.
  • the cavity 2 has a significantly greater depth than the antenna according to the invention shown in the same section in Figure 2.
  • an artificial dielectric according to the invention By introducing an artificial dielectric according to the invention with hollow spaces, in which electrically conducting shells are placed, a number of positive effects are created.
  • the size of the cavity antenna can be reduced whilst retaining the frequency bandwidth, mainly due to the effect that the depth of the cavity can be reduced.
  • the antenna can be made lighter due to its reduced size and due to the fact that the artificial dielectric has a lower weight than the homogeneous dielectric previously used.
  • the artificial dielectric also reduces the monostatic radar target cross-section of the antenna.
  • the antenna aperture can be covered with a plane frequency-selective structure constructed of one or several parallel layers provided with metallic periodic patterns.
  • a plane layer 16 covering the aperture 4 of the cavity antenna in Figure 2.
  • the radome 16 is ideally transparent to the operating frequency band of the antenna and reflecting for all other frequencies.
  • the radar target cross-section of the antenna has changed appearance from being considered as a four corner reflector to being considered as a plane plate.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP92850148A 1991-08-12 1992-06-17 Hohlraumantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0527714B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9102349A SE468873B (sv) 1991-08-12 1991-08-12 Kavitetsantenn med dielektrikum
SE9102349 1991-08-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0527714A1 true EP0527714A1 (de) 1993-02-17
EP0527714B1 EP0527714B1 (de) 1996-05-15

Family

ID=20383465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92850148A Expired - Lifetime EP0527714B1 (de) 1991-08-12 1992-06-17 Hohlraumantenne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0527714B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69210711T2 (de)
SE (1) SE468873B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013067638A1 (en) * 2011-11-07 2013-05-16 Novatel Inc. Directional slot antenna with a dielectric insert
US10158167B2 (en) 2012-07-24 2018-12-18 Novatel Inc. Irridium/inmarsat and GNSS antenna system
WO2024028432A1 (de) * 2022-08-05 2024-02-08 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Gehäuse für eine leuchte und leuchte mit integrierter funkschnittstelle

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2579324A (en) * 1947-05-16 1951-12-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Metallic structure for delaying propagated waves
US2658145A (en) * 1946-01-07 1953-11-03 Dorne Arthur Cavity antenna

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2658145A (en) * 1946-01-07 1953-11-03 Dorne Arthur Cavity antenna
US2579324A (en) * 1947-05-16 1951-12-18 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Metallic structure for delaying propagated waves

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013067638A1 (en) * 2011-11-07 2013-05-16 Novatel Inc. Directional slot antenna with a dielectric insert
US8797222B2 (en) 2011-11-07 2014-08-05 Novatel Inc. Directional slot antenna with a dielectric insert
CN103975484A (zh) * 2011-11-07 2014-08-06 诺瓦特公司 具有电介质插入件的定向狭缝天线
US10158167B2 (en) 2012-07-24 2018-12-18 Novatel Inc. Irridium/inmarsat and GNSS antenna system
WO2024028432A1 (de) * 2022-08-05 2024-02-08 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Gehäuse für eine leuchte und leuchte mit integrierter funkschnittstelle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9102349L (sv) 1993-02-13
SE468873B (sv) 1993-03-29
DE69210711D1 (de) 1996-06-20
SE9102349D0 (sv) 1991-08-12
EP0527714B1 (de) 1996-05-15
DE69210711T2 (de) 1997-01-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6876320B2 (en) Anti-radar space-filling and/or multilevel chaff dispersers
Dewan et al. Artificial magnetic conductor for various antenna applications: An overview
CN104993249B (zh) 单通带双侧吸波复合超材料及其天线罩和天线系统
US3239838A (en) Dipole antenna mounted in open-faced resonant cavity
US4170013A (en) Stripline patch antenna
US5563616A (en) Antenna design using a high index, low loss material
US5208603A (en) Frequency selective surface (FSS)
US10749270B2 (en) Polarization rotating phased array element
US5400043A (en) Absorptive/transmissive radome
CN108270085A (zh) 吸透一体频率选择表面结构
JP2022520700A (ja) １つまたは複数のメタマテリアル構造に基づくアンテナアレイ
Bilal et al. Miniaturized and flexible FSS-based EM shields for conformal applications
EP0181617A2 (de) Reflektor für eine Antenne
EP0787370B1 (de) Schutz für einen oder mehrere elektromagnetische sensoren
US20200243978A1 (en) Systems and methods for virtual ground extension for monopole antenna with a finite ground plane using a wedge shape
US5103241A (en) High Q bandpass structure for the selective transmission and reflection of high frequency radio signals
CN110336136B (zh) 一种吸波/散射一体化隐身超材料
CN208093763U (zh) 吸透一体频率选择表面结构
Lee et al. Design of a frequency selective surface (FSS) type superstrate for dual-band directivity enhancement of microstrip patch antennas
KR20180050241A (ko) 고이득, 일정한 빔 폭, 광대역의 혼 안테나
Nawaz et al. Circularly-polarized shaped pattern planar antenna for aerial platforms
EP0527714B1 (de) Hohlraumantenne
US4460901A (en) Integrated antenna-radome structure that functions as a self-referencing interferometer
JP2009043984A (ja) 複合型電波吸収体
WO2020236245A1 (en) Adaptive mmwave antenna radome

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930706

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19950801

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: CELSIUSTECH ELECTRONICS AB

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO ROMA S.P.A.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69210711

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19960620

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19960815

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20080625

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20080626

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20080617

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20080618

Year of fee payment: 17

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20090617

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20100226

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090617

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090617