EP0526246A2 - Transmission de données le long d'un puits de forage - Google Patents

Transmission de données le long d'un puits de forage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0526246A2
EP0526246A2 EP19920307022 EP92307022A EP0526246A2 EP 0526246 A2 EP0526246 A2 EP 0526246A2 EP 19920307022 EP19920307022 EP 19920307022 EP 92307022 A EP92307022 A EP 92307022A EP 0526246 A2 EP0526246 A2 EP 0526246A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transducer
borehole
acoustic
pipe
data transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19920307022
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Geoffrey Philip Dixon Lock
Robert Standen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nowsco Well Service Ltd
Nowsco Well Service UK Ltd
BAE Systems Electronics Ltd
Original Assignee
Nowsco Well Service Ltd
Nowsco Well Service UK Ltd
GEC Marconi Ltd
Marconi Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB919116487A external-priority patent/GB9116487D0/en
Application filed by Nowsco Well Service Ltd, Nowsco Well Service UK Ltd, GEC Marconi Ltd, Marconi Co Ltd filed Critical Nowsco Well Service Ltd
Publication of EP0526246A2 publication Critical patent/EP0526246A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
    • E21B47/16—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the drill string or casing, e.g. by torsional acoustic waves

Definitions

  • This invention relates to data transmission, and particularly to data transmission along a borehole.
  • One method of doing this is to pass a narrow bore continuous tube with a sensor or end effector at its end down the borehole.
  • this sensor/effector data must be passed up the borehole and instructions must be passed down. This is done using a cable such as a multi-core or coaxial cable, passing down the centre of the tube.
  • the third problem is that the lengths of the cable and tube must of course be matched precisely and the length of the tube must be matched to the depth in the borehole at which the work or examination is to be done and as a result a very large number of tubes and cables must be held as stock at great expense, which is clearly undesirable.
  • This invention was intended to produce a data transmission system at least partially overcoming these problems.
  • This invention provides a data transmission system for use in a borehole comprising a first acoustic transducer, a second acoustic transducer and a continuous solid element, the first acoustic transducer being associated with the element at a first point and the second acoustic transducer being associated with the element at a second point spaced apart from the first, the first transducer being arranged to produce acoustic waves in the element and the second transducer being arranged to detect these acoustic waves.
  • acoustic compression waves are used because the amplitude of acoustic compression waves decays more slowly over distance than acoustic transverse waves, in other words they suffer fewer losses, and they travel faster, commonly up to 10 times faster than acoustic transverse waves in metal pipes.
  • each transducer both an acoustic wave producer and detector or by having a third transducer local to the second point and a forth transducer local to the first point and having the third transducer arranged to produce acoustic waves and the forth transducer arranged to receive them.
  • the element is a continuous metal tube because this allows a pipe in a borehole to be used to carry the acoustic waves and a pipe forms a very good carrier of acoustic compression waves.
  • the element is a pipe down a borehole and the first and second points are inside and outside the borehole respectively, allowing data to be carried from a sensor down a borehole to the surface.
  • a borehole 1 is shown, only the top and bottom of the borehole 1 are illustrated, the central region of the borehole 1 being omitted.
  • a concrete plug 2 which blocks the borehole 1.
  • a drill 3 on the end of a continuous steel pipe 4 is passed down the borehole 1.
  • the pipe 4 does not rotate but is fed up and down the borehole 1 by two beltdrives 5.
  • the two beltdrives 5 are spaced symmetrically around the pipe 4 and each comprise motor driven wheels 6 urged against the pipe 4 and running within a belt 7, each beltdrive 5 operating in a similar manner to a caterpillar track.
  • the motor system powering the beltdrives 5 are omitted for simplicity since beltdrives of this type are well known and need not be described in detail here.
  • the pipe 4 does not rotate, so in order to power the drill 3 fluid is pumped down the interior of the pipe 4 by a pump 9 which is linked to the end of the pipe 4 by a pipe 10.
  • This fluid is used to drive the drill 3 by way of a turbine 11.
  • the fluid After passing through the turbine 11 the fluid passes out of the pipe 4 and passes back up the borehole 1 around the pipe 4 to the surface.
  • the fluid leaves the borehole 1 and passes along a pipe 12 and is dumped.
  • a seal 13 is provided to allow the pipe 4 to move without allowing the fluid to escape.
  • Fluid passes down the bore of the pipe 4, and into a tapered section 14 leading to a narrow bore section 15.
  • the tapered and narrow bore sections 14 and 15 are defined by an inner tube 16 arranged coaxially within the tube 4 to leave an annular gap 17 between the two tubes 4 and 16.
  • the annular gap 17 contains the electronics used to transfer data between the bottom and top of the borehole 1.
  • a rotational transducer 18 senses the rotation of the drill 3 and produces electrical signals giving the speed of rotation of the drill 3 and supplies them to a data acquisition system 19.
  • a force transducer 20 senses the force exerted on the drill 3 by the tube 4 and supplies electrical signals containing this information to the data acquisition system 19.
  • a pressure transducer 21 senses the pressure of the fluid passing down the tube 4 and supplies electrical signals containing this information to the data acquisition system 19.
  • the data acquisition system 19 marshals the data from the three transducers 18, 20 and 21 into a serial data stream and adds error correction codes. It then supplies this data stream to a first acoustic transducer 22 which converts the data stream into a series of acoustic compression waves in the wall of the pipe 4.
  • the first acoustic transducer 22 is linked to the pipe 4 by an acoustic impedance matching element 23.
  • a forth acoustic transducer 24 senses acoustic compression waves in the pipe 4 and converts them into electrical signals which are supplied to the data acquisition system 19.
  • the electronics at the bottom of the pipe 4 are all powered by a battery 25.
  • a second acoustic transducer 26 is situated adjacent the pipe 4 above the sliding seal 13, the second acoustic transducer 26 is a non-contact magnetic transducer which produces electrical signals corresponding to longitudinal movements of the pipe 4. These signals are supplied to a processor 27.
  • the processor 27 analyses the signals from the second transducer 26 and extracts the parts of the signal relating to acoustic compression waves in the wall of the pipe 4, rejecting noise due to the various pieces of moving machinery associated with the pipe 4, such as reel 8, beltdrives 5, pump 9 and the drill 3, and also rejecting signals produced by the movement of the pipe 4 in the borehole 1.
  • the processor 27 reconstructs the data stream sent by the data acquisition system 19 using the error correction codes to replace any data which has been lost. Data can be lost due to destructive interference or being swamped by noise.
  • the processor 27 also receives data on lines 28 from sensor at the top of the borehole 1, this data gives the pressure at which fluid is pumped into the pipe 4 by the pump 9 and the length of pipe 4 within the borehole 1, which is derived from the rotational movement of the reel 8.
  • the processor 27 displays all of this data on a visual display unit (V.D.U.) 29 and stores it in a first memory 30.
  • the processor compares the data with its instructions stored in a second memory 31 and decides what actions are necessary.
  • the processor 27 then instructs the beltdrives 5 and pump 9 as necessary along lines 32 and organises instructions for the elements at the bottom of the pipe 4 as a serial data stream and adds error correction codes. It then supplies this serial data stream to a third acoustic transducer 33 which is a non-contact magnetic transducer which converts the data stream into acoustic compression waves in the pipe 4.
  • this line 34 can also be used to instruct the processor 27 directly.
  • the forth transducer 24 will of course pick up the acoustic waves generated by the first acoustic transducer 22 in the pipe 4, similarly the second transducer 26 will pick up the acoustic waves generated by the third transducer 33. In both cases the signal processor, data acquisition system 19 and processor 27 respectively, will ignore the acoustic waves it has produced itself.
  • Error correction code systems suitable for transmitting data in a high noise environment are well known per se, so it is unnecessary to described them in detail here.
  • a similar system could be used for communication anywhere where a continuous link of a material with good acoustic properties exists, for example railway signalling systems and trains could communicate by acoustic compression waves along railway lines and pumping stations could communicate among themselves and with pipeline "pigs" by acoustic compression waves along metal pipelines.
  • the precise form of the systems for producing and sensing the acoustic waves will depend on the system and the characteristics of the transmitting member and the amount and type of relative movement between the transmitting member and the producing or sensing element.
  • acoustic compression waves are used in the example above, acoustic transverse waves could be used, however compression waves are preferred because they travel faster and generally suffer fewer losses.
  • the forth transducer 24 may be provided with an impedance matching element similar to the impedance matching network 23.
  • a single transmitting and receiving transducer could be used at the lower end of the drill pipe 4 or on the surface, however this would require careful sychronisation of the data acquisition system 19 and the processor 27 to ensure that data was not lost due to a transducer transmitting while acoustic waves from the other end of the drill pipe 4 were arriving at it.
  • the transducer 26 is a non-contact magnetic transducer so that it can detect acoustic waves in the pipe 4 without interfering with movements of the pipe 4.
  • other types of transducers could be used such as an accelerometer or a piezoelectric transducer as used in a record stylus.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
EP19920307022 1991-07-31 1992-07-31 Transmission de données le long d'un puits de forage Withdrawn EP0526246A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9116487 1991-07-31
GB919116487A GB9116487D0 (en) 1991-07-31 1991-07-31 Data transmission
GB9120420 1991-09-25
GB9120420A GB2258331A (en) 1991-07-31 1991-09-25 Data transmission

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0526246A2 true EP0526246A2 (fr) 1993-02-03

Family

ID=26299314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920307022 Withdrawn EP0526246A2 (fr) 1991-07-31 1992-07-31 Transmission de données le long d'un puits de forage

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0526246A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2075130A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996024751A1 (fr) * 1995-02-09 1996-08-15 Baker Hughes Incorporated Systeme de transmission acoustique
GB2357527A (en) * 1999-12-22 2001-06-27 Schlumberger Holdings Creating a telemetry signal in a wellbore
US6442105B1 (en) 1995-02-09 2002-08-27 Baker Hughes Incorporated Acoustic transmission system
CN101451432B (zh) * 2007-12-04 2012-07-18 中国石油天然气集团公司 高精度数字声波变密度刻度方法
WO2018103325A1 (fr) * 2016-12-05 2018-06-14 中国矿业大学 Dispositif de mesure en cours de forage à base de sonomètre et procédé d'obtention de coefficient de dureté d'après protodiakonov de la roche d'un toit de tunnel
CN112412401A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-02-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种采用无线测量的抽油机间抽控制系统及其方法

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996024751A1 (fr) * 1995-02-09 1996-08-15 Baker Hughes Incorporated Systeme de transmission acoustique
US6442105B1 (en) 1995-02-09 2002-08-27 Baker Hughes Incorporated Acoustic transmission system
GB2357527A (en) * 1999-12-22 2001-06-27 Schlumberger Holdings Creating a telemetry signal in a wellbore
GB2357527B (en) * 1999-12-22 2002-07-17 Schlumberger Holdings System and method for torsional telemetry in a wellbore
CN101451432B (zh) * 2007-12-04 2012-07-18 中国石油天然气集团公司 高精度数字声波变密度刻度方法
WO2018103325A1 (fr) * 2016-12-05 2018-06-14 中国矿业大学 Dispositif de mesure en cours de forage à base de sonomètre et procédé d'obtention de coefficient de dureté d'après protodiakonov de la roche d'un toit de tunnel
CN112412401A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-02-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种采用无线测量的抽油机间抽控制系统及其方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2075130A1 (fr) 1993-02-01

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