EP0523782A2 - Lampe à décharge dans la vapeur de sodium à haute pression - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge dans la vapeur de sodium à haute pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0523782A2
EP0523782A2 EP92202047A EP92202047A EP0523782A2 EP 0523782 A2 EP0523782 A2 EP 0523782A2 EP 92202047 A EP92202047 A EP 92202047A EP 92202047 A EP92202047 A EP 92202047A EP 0523782 A2 EP0523782 A2 EP 0523782A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
lamp
rod
electrode
pressure sodium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92202047A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0523782B1 (fr
EP0523782A3 (fr
Inventor
Cornelis Adrianus Johannes Jacobs
Harald René Dielis
Marina Maria Josepha Meeuwssen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Publication of EP0523782A2 publication Critical patent/EP0523782A2/fr
Publication of EP0523782A3 publication Critical patent/EP0523782A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0523782B1 publication Critical patent/EP0523782B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/825—High-pressure sodium lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure sodium lamp which in the nominal operating condition radiates white light with a colour temperature higher than 2250 K, provided with a discharge vessel surrounding a discharge path and having a ceramic wall, in which vessel at least two electrodes are arranged, each electrode comprising a rod which has a diameter d, a length l, a tip, and is provided with a winding which is removed from the tip of the rod by a distance of at most 2d,the discharge path extending between said tips, while each electrode is connected to a current supply conductor which is passed in a gastight manner through the wall of the discharge vessel.
  • Such a high-pressure sodium lamp is known from GB 2 083 692 A.
  • ceramic wall is understood to mean in the present description and Claims a wall of a refractory material such as monocrystalline metal oxide, for example sapphire, polycrystalline metal oxide, for example densely sintered aluminium oxide or yttrium oxide, or crystalline non-oxidic material such as aluminium nitride.
  • the filling of the discharge vessel may comprise, for example, mercury in addition to sodium and one or several rare gases.
  • the winding consists, as does the rod of the electrode, of refractory material such as, for example, tungsten or, for example, an alloy of tungsten and rhenium.
  • the area in the colour triangle within which the light of a high-pressure sodium lamp is called "white” is bounded by straight lines through points having coordinates (x, y): (0,400; 0,430), (0,510; 0,430), (0,485; 0,390) and (0,400; 0,360).
  • the colour temperature may reach values of up to approximately 4000 K in that case.
  • the known lamp consumes a power of 400 W during nominal operation.
  • the electrode rods have a diameter of 1.2 mm and are provided with a double winding of wire with a diameter of 0.6 mm.
  • the electrodes are free from alkaline earth metals.
  • the electrodes are entirely devoid of emitter.
  • the absence of emitter material has the advantage that chemical reactions with components of the filling are avoided and that the properties of the lamp during its life cannot change as a result of the gradual disappearance of emitter material from the electrode.
  • the absence of emitter material in the electrode construction of the known lamp may result in a comparatively long ignition time and a wide spread in ignition times among lamps.
  • ignition time is understood to mean the time required by the lamp for achieving a stable arc discharge via a glow discharge condition after the moment the ignition voltage is applied.
  • a comparatively long ignition time is disadvantageous because the electrodes are highly loaded during lamp ignition, which in general adversely affects lamp life.
  • a wide spread in ignition times has the disadvantage that the ambience is unevenly illuminated for some time after switching on of the lighting.
  • the invention has for its object inter alia to provide a measure for avoiding the said disadvantages.
  • a lamp of the hand mentioned in the opening paragraph is for this purpose characterized in that each of the windings is a single winding of wire having a diameter of at most d/3. Because of the absence of a second winding, the electrodes are easy to manufacture. The measure achieves a short ignition time, also in the absence of emitter material, as well as a small spread in the ignition times among lamps, especially for lamps whose discharge vessels contain Xe with a filling pressure of at least 20 kPa.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for use in lamps with a power rating of up to 100 W.
  • the winding preferably extends up to substantially the tip of the rod, the interspacing remaining between the tip and the winding being of the order of at most 100 ⁇ m.
  • the result of the measure is found to be greatest when the winding is provided around the electrode rod with minimal pitch.
  • the electrode of the lamp according to the invention has an effective thickness d e which is equal to the rod diameter d plus twice the thickness of the wire forming the winding. In the case of a greater interspacing, it is found that the discharge no longer strikes the winding in the nominal operating condition.
  • the winding is preferably removed from the location where the current supply conductor is passed through the discharge vessel wall by at least 1 mm. It is prevented by this that the winding absorbs amalgam between the turns as a result of capillary action.
  • the winding extends over the full length of the rod. This renders it possible to manufacture the electrode in a simple manner in that it is sawn off as a segment from a rod with wire coiled around it which is comparatively long compared with the electrode. The operation of providing the winding for each individual electrode is avoided in this way.
  • I is the lamp current in A in the nominal operating condition and d e is the effective thickness of the electrode in mm.
  • Fig. 1 shows a high-pressure sodium lamp which in the nominal operating condition radiates white light with a colour temperature of at least 2250 K.
  • the lamp is provided with a discharge vessel 1 with a wall 2 of densely sintered aluminium oxide as the ceramic material, enclosing a discharge path.
  • Two electrodes 10a, 10b are arranged in the discharge vessel 1.
  • the electrodes 10a, 10b are each connected to a current supply conductor 20a, 20b which is passed in a gastight manner through the wall 2 of the discharge vessel 1.
  • the discharge vessel 1 is provided with a filling consisting of 10 mg of an amalgam of sodium and mercury with a weight ratio of 15/40 and xenon with a filling pressure of 53 kPa.
  • the discharge vessel 1 is accommodated in an outer bulb 30 which is provided with a lamp cap 40.
  • the outer bulb 30 may be filled with an inert gas, for example with nitrogen.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of an electrode 10a of the lamp of Fig. 1.
  • the other electrode 10b has a similar construction.
  • the electrode 10a is fixed on a niobium lead-through element which serves as the current supply conductor 20a.
  • the current supply conductor is passed through the wall 2 of the discharge vessel 1 in a gastight manner via a seal 5a of melting ceramic through a tube 4a sintered into an end 3a of the discharge vessel 1.
  • the tube 4a, the seal 5a of melting ceramic and the discharge vessel are depicted in longitudinal section here.
  • the electrode 10a has a rod 11a with a diameter d and a length l (see Fig. 2), which has a tip 12a and is provided with a winding 13a.
  • the rod 11a of the electrode 10a is provided with a single winding 13a of wire with a diameter of at most d/3.
  • the winding 13a is removed from the tip 12a of the rod 11a by at most 2d.
  • the length l of the rod is 7.2 mm and its thickness d is 500 ⁇ m.
  • the winding is removed from the tip 12a by less than 0.1 mm ad extends from there alongside the rod 11a over a distance of 4 mm.
  • the winding accordingly is approximately 3 mm removed from the location where the current supply conductor is passed through the wall of the discharge vessel.
  • the spacing between the tips of the electrodes 10a, 10b is 9.6 mm.
  • the winding 13a is made of tungsten wire of 100 ⁇ m thickness and has the smallest possible pitch, i.e. 100 ⁇ m.
  • the effective thickness of the electrode is 700 ⁇ m as a result.
  • the lamp current is 2.5 A during nominal operation.
  • the ratio I/d e 3/2 therefore, is 4.27 and lies within the limits 2 and 5 recommended for this ratio.
  • Fig. 3 which shows a second embodiment of an electrode of the lamp of Fig. 1
  • parts corresponding to parts of Fig. 2 have reference numerals which are 100 higher.
  • the winding 113a extends over the entire length of the rod 111a, and the current supply conductor 120a extends 1 mm into the discharge vessel. The winding, accordingly, is 1 mm removed from the location where the current supply conductor is passed through the wall of the discharge vessel.
  • the ignition behaviour of lamps according to the invention was investigated.
  • the supply circuit of the lamps consisted of a ballast with an electronic starter and an electronic control unit.
  • the supply circuit yielded a rated maximum effective voltage of 108 V and, during ignition, pulses with a duration of 410 ns and an amplitude of approximately 3 kV.
  • Out of 80 tested lamps according to the invention all had ignited within one minute.
  • Lamps according to the invention were subjected to an endurance test. At the start and after 100, 500 and 1000 hours photometric characteristics such as luminous flux and colour temperature, and electrical characteristics such as lamp voltage and power, were measured. Average values of the test results are given in Table 1 for lamps provided with electrodes according to the first embodiment of the invention (A) and for lamps provided with electrodes according to the second embodiment (B).
  • Table 1 is the time in hours (h)
  • V la is the lamp voltage in V
  • P la is the power consumed by the lamp in W
  • ⁇ is the luminous flux in 1m
  • ⁇ is the luminous efficacy in 1m/W
  • T c is the colour temperature in K.
  • the lamp according to the second embodiment has a comparatively high luminous efficacy compared with the lamp according to the first embodiment.
  • Table 1 lamp t (h) V la (V) P la (W) ⁇ (1m) ⁇ (1m/W) T c (K) A 0 44.6 111.2 7013 63.1 2607 100 50.2 105.0 5416 51.7 2665 500 50.5 104.9 4892 46.7 2624 1000 50.4 103.6 4687 45.3 2596 B 0 43.5 112.3 7285 64.7 2586 100 49.0 106.5 5678 53.4 2645 500 49.4 106.0 5135 48.4 2591 1000 50.3 103.7 4703 45.4 2588

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
EP19920202047 1991-07-12 1992-07-07 Lampe à décharge dans la vapeur de sodium à haute pression Expired - Lifetime EP0523782B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91201820 1991-07-12
EP91201820 1991-07-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0523782A2 true EP0523782A2 (fr) 1993-01-20
EP0523782A3 EP0523782A3 (fr) 1993-02-10
EP0523782B1 EP0523782B1 (fr) 1995-10-04

Family

ID=8207774

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920202047 Expired - Lifetime EP0523782B1 (fr) 1991-07-12 1992-07-07 Lampe à décharge dans la vapeur de sodium à haute pression

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0523782B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05190146A (fr)
DE (1) DE69205228T2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0639853B1 (fr) * 1993-08-16 1998-06-10 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe à décharge à haute pression avec récipient à décharge en céramique
EP1394838A2 (fr) 2002-08-30 2004-03-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lampe à décharge à vapeur métallique et dispositif d'éclairage ayant des caractéristiques stables
CN100576421C (zh) * 2002-08-30 2009-12-30 松下电器产业株式会社 能够保持稳定特性的金属蒸汽放电灯和照明设备

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2497496A (en) * 1943-01-15 1950-02-14 Gen Electric Electrode structure for electric discharge devices or lamps
GB1024182A (en) * 1963-01-30 1966-03-30 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to high pressure electric discharge lamps
GB2083692A (en) * 1980-09-05 1982-03-24 Philips Nv High-pressure sodium vapour discharge lamp

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2497496A (en) * 1943-01-15 1950-02-14 Gen Electric Electrode structure for electric discharge devices or lamps
GB1024182A (en) * 1963-01-30 1966-03-30 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to high pressure electric discharge lamps
GB2083692A (en) * 1980-09-05 1982-03-24 Philips Nv High-pressure sodium vapour discharge lamp

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0639853B1 (fr) * 1993-08-16 1998-06-10 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe à décharge à haute pression avec récipient à décharge en céramique
EP1394838A2 (fr) 2002-08-30 2004-03-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lampe à décharge à vapeur métallique et dispositif d'éclairage ayant des caractéristiques stables
EP1394838A3 (fr) * 2002-08-30 2009-01-07 Panasonic Corporation Lampe à décharge à vapeur métallique et dispositif d'éclairage ayant des caractéristiques stables
CN100576421C (zh) * 2002-08-30 2009-12-30 松下电器产业株式会社 能够保持稳定特性的金属蒸汽放电灯和照明设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05190146A (ja) 1993-07-30
DE69205228T2 (de) 1996-05-02
EP0523782B1 (fr) 1995-10-04
DE69205228D1 (de) 1995-11-09
EP0523782A3 (fr) 1993-02-10

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