EP0520592B1 - Hydrogen storage for a plasma switch - Google Patents
Hydrogen storage for a plasma switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0520592B1 EP0520592B1 EP92250147A EP92250147A EP0520592B1 EP 0520592 B1 EP0520592 B1 EP 0520592B1 EP 92250147 A EP92250147 A EP 92250147A EP 92250147 A EP92250147 A EP 92250147A EP 0520592 B1 EP0520592 B1 EP 0520592B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- hydrogen storage
- heater
- disc
- track
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
- H01J17/02—Details
- H01J17/22—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the tube
- H01J17/26—Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the tube
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of vacuum electronics and can be used in the design of a hydrogen storage device, as is used in plasma switches with a hydrogen atmosphere.
- a hydrogen storage which essentially consists of a metal storage element and a heating element.
- Foils or sheets made of metals such as barium, tantalum, zircon or titanium are used as storage elements ("Adv. Electronics and Electron Physics", Vol. XIV, 1961, pages 211-218).
- a hydrogen storage commonly used for thyratrons consists, for example, of two circular titanium sheets, between which an insulated heating coil is arranged. The inner end of the spiral is contacted with a titanium sheet.
- Hydrogen storage devices are also required for another plasma switch which has recently been developed and which has become known under the name "pseudo radio switch” or “hollow electrode switch”.
- a memory used for this purpose consists of a cylindrical body made of titanium, which is located in a nickel sleeve which is open at the ends and which in turn is surrounded by a heating coil. This memory is located in a metal housing that prevents heat radiation, but communicates via openings with the rest of the interior of the plasma switch. The connections of the heating coil are guided outwards through the housing wall in an insulated manner (WO 89/00 354).
- the invention has for its object to choose the structural design of the hydrogen storage so that the hydrogen storage can be easily manufactured, checked and assembled.
- the first metal disk and the heating element stacked one above the other lie on an inner annular shoulder of an annular receiving body and are fixed there by means of the second metal disk, which covers the opening of the receiving body and is connected to the receiving body, wherein the other end of the heating track is led outwards through a cutout in the first metal disk, that the heating track is formed by a circular metal foil which is provided with mutually parallel, mutually parallel cuts from two opposite circumferential sections, and that between the heating track and an insulating film or a thin insulating washer is arranged for each of the two metal washers.
- the use of a stable receiving body for the functionally essential elements of the hydrogen storage results in an overall compact design, the annular receiving body making it easy to handle the hydrogen storage as a whole.
- a retaining bracket can be attached to the receiving body, via which the hydrogen storage device can be fixed in the interior of the plasma switch.
- the receiving body also forms one connection for the heating element, while the other connection of the heating element is easily accessible through the cutout in the first metal disk.
- the heating element is adapted to the compact structure of the new hydrogen storage due to the meandering design of the heating track.
- the meandering design enables very simple contacting of the two ends of the heating track.
- One end can be directly connected to the second metal disk by spot welding through a cutout in the corresponding insulating film, while the other end, as an angled part of the metal film, is led outwards through a cutout in the corresponding insulating film and the first metal disk and there with a wire or ribbon-shaped connecting element can be connected.
- FIG. 1 shows, based on the illustration from FIGS. 1 and 2 of WO 89/00354, a hollow electrode switch 10, in the upper region of which a hydrogen storage device 2 is arranged in a metal housing 12.
- the metal housing can communicate with the rest of the interior of the plasma switch via openings 13.
- the two connections 14 and 15 of the hydrogen store 2 are guided outwards through the housing wall in an isolated manner.
- the hydrogen storage 2 is mechanically fixed to the connection 14.
- a bow-shaped holding element 1 is provided, to which the disk-shaped hydrogen storage device 2 is attached.
- the hydrogen storage consists of a receiving body 3, which forms a flat ring and is designed as a pocket open at the top and bottom. According to the illustration in FIG. 3, an annular shoulder 4 on the inner peripheral surface of the receiving body 3 is used for this purpose.
- a first metal disk 5 lies on this shoulder from bottom to top, an insulating film 8, a heating element 7, a second insulating film 9 and a second metal disk 6.
- the metal disc 6 also covers the open pocket of the receiving body and consequently also lies on the ring-shaped border of the receiving body and is welded to the spot there.
- two or more metal foils can also be used in each case in order to achieve a larger exit surface.
- the two metal disks 5 and 6 are made of titanium.
- the insulating foils 8 and 9 for example, mica foils or thin ceramic plates can be used.
- a foil 70 made of molybdenum is provided for the heating element.
- This film is designed according to FIG. 4 as a meandering heating track.
- mutually parallel, mutually parallel incisions 71 are provided from two opposite circumferential sections, which are produced, for example, by eroding.
- a tab 72 or 74 is formed on each side of the incisions 71. The tab 72 is in contact with the upper metal disk 6 through a cutout in the insulating film 9, for example with the aid of two welding spots 73. 1, this terminal lug is led through cutouts in the insulating film 8 and the metal disc 5 to the outside and connected to the second heating connection 15 via a wire 76.
- a hydrogen storage device designed in this way is distinguished by a high degree of efficiency, since the heating element designed as a flat heating track lies flat over the insulating foils on the hydrogen-emitting metal disks or metal foils 5 and 6 made of titanium, niobium, vanadium or tantalum.
- the hydrogen atoms can be released freely and freely to the interior of the plasma switch.
Landscapes
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet der Vakuumelektronik und ist bei der konstruktiven Ausgestaltung eines Wasserstoffspeichers anzuwenden, wie er in Plasmaschaltern mit Wasserstoffatmosphäre zur Anwendung kommt.The invention is in the field of vacuum electronics and can be used in the design of a hydrogen storage device, as is used in plasma switches with a hydrogen atmosphere.
Zur Steuerung des Gasinnendrucks eines Thyratrons wird üblicherweise ein Wasserstoffspeicher verwendet, der im wesentlichen aus einem metallenen Speicherelement und aus einem Heizelement besteht. Als Speicherelemente werden Folien oder Bleche aus Metallen wie Barium, Tantal, Zirkon oder Titan eingesetzt ("Adv. Electronics and Electron Physics", Vol. XIV, 1961, Seiten 211 - 218). Ein für Thyratrons gebräuchlicher Wasserstoffspeicher besteht beispielsweise aus zwei kreisförmigen Titanblechen, zwischen denen eine isolierte Heizspirale angeordnet ist. Das innere Ende der Spirale ist dabei mit dem einen Titanblech kontaktiert.To control the internal gas pressure of a thyratron, a hydrogen storage is usually used, which essentially consists of a metal storage element and a heating element. Foils or sheets made of metals such as barium, tantalum, zircon or titanium are used as storage elements ("Adv. Electronics and Electron Physics", Vol. XIV, 1961, pages 211-218). A hydrogen storage commonly used for thyratrons consists, for example, of two circular titanium sheets, between which an insulated heating coil is arranged. The inner end of the spiral is contacted with a titanium sheet.
Wasserstoffspeicher werden auch für einen anderen, in neuerer Zeit entwickelten Plasmaschalter benötigt, der unter dem Namen "Pseudofunkenschalter" oder "Hohlelektrodenschalter" bekannt geworden ist. Ein für diese Zwecke eingesetzter Speicher besteht aus einem zylindrischen Körper aus Titan, der sich in einer an den Enden offenen Nickel-Hülse befindet, die ihrerseits von einer Heizwendel umgeben ist. Dieser Speicher befindet sich in einem Metallgehäuse, das Wärmeabstrahlung verhindert, aber über Öffnungen mit dem übrigen Innenraum des Plasmaschalters kommuniziert. Die Anschlüsse der Heizwendel sind durch die Gehäusewandung isoliert nach außen geführt (WO 89/00 354).Hydrogen storage devices are also required for another plasma switch which has recently been developed and which has become known under the name "pseudo radio switch" or "hollow electrode switch". A memory used for this purpose consists of a cylindrical body made of titanium, which is located in a nickel sleeve which is open at the ends and which in turn is surrounded by a heating coil. This memory is located in a metal housing that prevents heat radiation, but communicates via openings with the rest of the interior of the plasma switch. The connections of the heating coil are guided outwards through the housing wall in an insulated manner (WO 89/00 354).
Ausgehend von einem Wasserstoffspeicher mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1 liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, den konstruktiven Aufbau des Wasserstoffspeichers so zu wählen, daß sich der Wasserstoffspeicher leicht herstellen, prüfen und montieren läßt.Starting from a hydrogen storage with the characteristics of The preamble of
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die erste Metallscheibe und das Heizelement übereinandergestapelt auf einer inneren ringförmigen Schulter eines ringförmigen Aufnahmekörpers aufliegen und dort mittels der zweiten Metallscheibe, welche die Öffnung des Aufnahmekörpers überdeckt und mit dem Aufnahmekörper verbunden ist, fixiert sind, wobei das andere Ende der Heizbahn durch einen Ausschnitt in der ersten Metallscheibe nach außen geführt ist, daß die Heizbahn von einer kreisförmigen Metallfolie gebildet ist, die von zwei sich gegenüberliegenden Umfangsabschnitten her mit einander abwechselnden, zueinander parallelen Einschnitten versehen ist, und daß zwischen der Heizbahn und den beiden Metallscheiben jeweils eine Isolierfolie oder eine dünne Isolierscheibe angeordnet ist.To achieve this object, it is provided according to the invention that the first metal disk and the heating element stacked one above the other lie on an inner annular shoulder of an annular receiving body and are fixed there by means of the second metal disk, which covers the opening of the receiving body and is connected to the receiving body, wherein the other end of the heating track is led outwards through a cutout in the first metal disk, that the heating track is formed by a circular metal foil which is provided with mutually parallel, mutually parallel cuts from two opposite circumferential sections, and that between the heating track and an insulating film or a thin insulating washer is arranged for each of the two metal washers.
Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung ergibt sich durch Verwendung eines stabilen Aufnahmekörpers für die funktionswesentlichen Elemente des Wasserstoffspeichers eine insgesamt kompakte Bauweise, wobei der ringförmige Aufnahmekörper eine einfache Handhabung des Wasserstoffspeichers als Ganzes ermöglicht. An dem Aufnahmekörper läßt sich beispielsweise ein Haltebügel befestigen, über den der Wasserstoffspeicher im Inneren des Plasmaschalters fixiert werden kann. Der Aufnahmekörper bildet dabei zugleich den einen Anschluß für das Heizelement, während der andere Anschluß des Heizelementes durch den Ausschnitt in der ersten Metallscheibe leicht zugänglich ist. - Im übrigen ist das Heizelement durch die mäanderförmige Ausgestaltung der Heizbahn an den kompakten Aufbau des neuen Wasserstoffspeichers angepaßt. Die mäanderförmige Ausgestaltung ermöglicht eine sehr einfache Kontaktierung der beiden Enden der Heizbahn. Das eine Ende kann durch eine Punktschweißung durch einen Ausschnitt in der entsprechenden Isolierfolie hindurch direkt mit der zweiten Metallscheibe verbunden sein, während das andere Ende als abgewinkelter Teil der Metallfolie durch einen Ausschnitt in der entsprechenden Isolierfolie und der ersten Metallscheibe nach außen geführt und dort mit einem draht- oder bandförmigen Anschlußelement verbunden werden kann.In such an embodiment, the use of a stable receiving body for the functionally essential elements of the hydrogen storage results in an overall compact design, the annular receiving body making it easy to handle the hydrogen storage as a whole. For example, a retaining bracket can be attached to the receiving body, via which the hydrogen storage device can be fixed in the interior of the plasma switch. The receiving body also forms one connection for the heating element, while the other connection of the heating element is easily accessible through the cutout in the first metal disk. - In addition, the heating element is adapted to the compact structure of the new hydrogen storage due to the meandering design of the heating track. The meandering design enables very simple contacting of the two ends of the heating track. One end can be directly connected to the second metal disk by spot welding through a cutout in the corresponding insulating film, while the other end, as an angled part of the metal film, is led outwards through a cutout in the corresponding insulating film and the first metal disk and there with a wire or ribbon-shaped connecting element can be connected.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des neuen Wasserstoffspeichers ist in den Figuren 1 bis 4 dargestellt. Dabei zeigt
- Fig. 1
- die Anordnung des Wasserstoffspeichers innerhalb eines Plasmaschalters, Fig. 2 eine Querschnittsdarstellung,
- Fig. 3
- einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt der Querschnittsdarstellung gemäß Fig. 2 und Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf das Heizelement.
- Fig. 1
- the arrangement of the hydrogen storage within a plasma switch, FIG. 2 a cross-sectional view,
- Fig. 3
- an enlarged section of the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 is a plan view of the heating element.
Fig.1 zeigt in Anlehnung an die Darstellung aus den Fig. 1 und 2 der WO 89/00354 einen Hohlelektrodenschalter 10, in dessen oberen Bereich ein Wasserstoffspeicher 2 in einem Metallgehäuse 12 angeordnet ist. Das Metallgehäuse kann über Öffnungen 13 mit dem übrigen Innenraum des Plasmaschalters kommunizieren. Die beiden Anschlüsse 14 und 15 des Wasserstoffspeichers 2 sind durch die Gehäusewandung isoliert nach außen geführt. Dabei ist der Wasserstoffspeicher 2 an dem Anschluß 14 mechanisch fixiert.1 shows, based on the illustration from FIGS. 1 and 2 of WO 89/00354, a
Gemäß Fig. 2 ist ein bügelförmiges Halteelement 1 vorgesehen, an dem der scheibenförmig gestaltete Wasserstoffspeicher 2 befestigt ist. Der Wasserstoffspeicher besteht aus einem Aufnahmekörper 3, der einen flachen Ring bildet und als nach oben und unten offene Tasche ausgebildet ist. Gemäß der Darstellung in Fig. 3 dient hierzu eine ringförmige Schulter 4 an der inneren Umfangsfläche des Aufnahmekörpers 3. Auf dieser Schulter liegen von unten nach oben eine erste Metallscheibe 5, eine Isolierfolie 8, ein Heizelement 7, eine zweite Isolierfolie 9 und eine zweite Metallscheibe 6 auf. Die Metallscheibe 6 überdeckt zugleich die offene Tasche des Aufnahmekörpers und liegt demzufolge auch auf der ringförmigen Umrandung des Aufnahmekörpers auf und ist dort mit diesem punktförmig verschweißt. - Anstelle einer einzigen Metallscheibe 5 bzw. 6 können auch jeweils zwei oder mehr Metallfolien verwendet werden, um eine größere Austrittsoberfläche zu erzielen.2, a bow-
Die beiden Metallscheiben 5 und 6 bestehen aus Titan. Für die Isolierfolien 8 und 9 können beispielsweise Glimmerfolien oder dünne Keramikplatten verwendet werden. Für das Heizelement ist eine Folie 70 aus Molybdän vorgesehen. Diese Folie ist gemäß Fig. 4 als mäanderförmige Heizbahn gestaltet. Hierzu sind von zwei sich gegenüberliegenden Umfangsabschnitten her einander abwechselnde, zueinander parallele Einschnitte 71 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise durch Erodieren hergestellt sind. Beidseits der Einschnitte 71 ist jeweils eine Lasche 72 bzw. 74 gebildet. Die Lasche 72 ist durch einen Ausschnitt in der Isolierfolie 9 hindurch mit der oberen Metallscheibe 6 kontaktiert, beispielsweise mit Hilfe zweier Schweißpunkte 73. Die Lasche 74 ist auf halber Länge nach unten abgewinkelt, so daß sich eine Anschlußfahne 75 ergibt. Gemäß Fig. 1 ist diese Anschlußfahne durch Ausschnitte in der Isolierfolie 8 und der Metallscheibe 5 hindurch nach außen geführt und über einen Draht 76 mit dem zweiten Heizanschluß 15 verbunden.The two
Ein derart ausgebildeter Wasserstoffspeicher zeichnet sich durch einen hohen Wirkungsgrad aus, da das als flache Heizbahn ausgebildete Heizelement über die Isolierfolien flächig an den wasserstoffemittierenden Metallscheiben bzw. Metallfolien 5 und 6 aus Titan, Niob, Vanadium oder Tantal anliegt. Die Wasserstoffatome können frei und ungehindert an den Innenraum des Plasmaschalters abgegeben werden.A hydrogen storage device designed in this way is distinguished by a high degree of efficiency, since the heating element designed as a flat heating track lies flat over the insulating foils on the hydrogen-emitting metal disks or
Claims (2)
- A heatable hydrogen store for a plasma switch, comprising a first and a second metal disc and a heater element disposed between the two metal discs and insulated therefrom, the heater element being in the form of a multiply wound heater track and one end of the heater track being contacted with the second metal disc,
characterised in that the first metal disc (5) and the heater element (7) are stacked one above the other on an inner annular shoulder (4) of an annular frame (3) and are fixed there by means of the second metal disc (6), which covers the opening of the frame and is connected to the frame, the other end of the heater track being led out through a cut-out in the first metal disc; in that the heater track (7) is formed from a circular metal foil (70) which is provided with parallel slits (71) running alternately from two opposite sections of its circumference; and in that between the heater track (7) and each of the two metal discs (5, 6) a respective insulating foil (8, 9) or a thin insulating disc is disposed. - A hydrogen store according to claim 1,
characterised in that the connection of the heater track (7) led out through the first metal disc consists of a bent-down part of the metal foil (70).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP91250170 | 1991-06-27 | ||
EP91250170 | 1991-06-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0520592A1 EP0520592A1 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
EP0520592B1 true EP0520592B1 (en) | 1995-08-23 |
Family
ID=8208135
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92250147A Expired - Lifetime EP0520592B1 (en) | 1991-06-27 | 1992-06-12 | Hydrogen storage for a plasma switch |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5407645A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0520592B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05211037A (en) |
DE (2) | DE59203355D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR0166644B1 (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 1999-01-15 | 박주탁 | Pseudo spark switch |
US9123925B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2015-09-01 | Paul H. Smith, Jr. | Hydrogen energy systems |
US8651268B2 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2014-02-18 | Paul H. Smith, Jr. | Hydrogen energy systems |
US9739421B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2017-08-22 | Paul H. Smith, Jr. | Hydrogen energy systems |
US9732906B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2017-08-15 | Paul H. Smith, Jr. | Hydrogen energy systems |
US8651270B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2014-02-18 | Paul H. Smith, Jr. | Hydrogen energy systems |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2899591A (en) * | 1959-08-11 | Electrical heating device | ||
US2883576A (en) * | 1955-04-04 | 1959-04-21 | Gen Electric | Thermionic valves |
US2919373A (en) * | 1957-01-22 | 1959-12-29 | Edgerton Germeshausen & Grier | Cathode heater |
US3005924A (en) * | 1959-05-29 | 1961-10-24 | Tung Sol Electric Inc | Cold cathode hydrogen thyratron |
NL298577A (en) * | 1963-02-25 | |||
US3428860A (en) * | 1966-10-25 | 1969-02-18 | Trw Inc | Ablating lamp with improved gas evolving apparatus |
US4604752A (en) * | 1981-07-14 | 1986-08-05 | Sequin Herb J J | Magnetic stabilization of high power glow discharges |
US4431018A (en) * | 1982-01-28 | 1984-02-14 | Bs&B Safety Systems, Ltd. | Reverse buckling rupture disk apparatus and manufacturing methods |
US4479603A (en) * | 1982-01-28 | 1984-10-30 | Bs&B Safety Systems, Inc. | Reverse buckling rupture disk assembly method |
JPH065686B2 (en) * | 1985-09-04 | 1994-01-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Pressure contact type semiconductor device |
DE3721529A1 (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1989-01-12 | Christiansen Jens | TRIGGERING AND ISOLATION OF PSEUDO SPARK SWITCHES |
DE3904031A1 (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1990-08-16 | Siemens Ag | GAS DISCHARGE SWITCH |
-
1992
- 1992-06-12 DE DE59203355T patent/DE59203355D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-12 EP EP92250147A patent/EP0520592B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-19 DE DE9208323U patent/DE9208323U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-22 JP JP4188651A patent/JPH05211037A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-08-05 US US08/102,400 patent/US5407645A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59203355D1 (en) | 1995-09-28 |
US5407645A (en) | 1995-04-18 |
JPH05211037A (en) | 1993-08-20 |
DE9208323U1 (en) | 1992-08-13 |
EP0520592A1 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
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