EP0505194A1 - Noyau fritté pour un contacteur électromagnétique à vélocité de fermeture contrôlée - Google Patents

Noyau fritté pour un contacteur électromagnétique à vélocité de fermeture contrôlée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0505194A1
EP0505194A1 EP92302396A EP92302396A EP0505194A1 EP 0505194 A1 EP0505194 A1 EP 0505194A1 EP 92302396 A EP92302396 A EP 92302396A EP 92302396 A EP92302396 A EP 92302396A EP 0505194 A1 EP0505194 A1 EP 0505194A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slug
armature
magnetic flux
powdered metal
conductive armature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92302396A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Birch Leroy Devault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Corp
Original Assignee
Eaton Corp
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Corp, Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Eaton Corp
Publication of EP0505194A1 publication Critical patent/EP0505194A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/08—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from powder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to magnetic contactors for use in an electromagnetic contactor or motor controller. More particularly, the invention relates to magnetic contactors used in an electromagnetic contactor or motor controller having a controlled closing velocity in which the magnetic contactors comprise an armature and an electromagnet fabricated of powdered metal.
  • Electromagnetic contactors are well known as disclosed in the specification of U.S. Patent No. 3,339,161. Electromagnetic contactors are switch devices which are especially useful in motor-starting, lighting, and switching.
  • a motor-starting contactor with an overload relay system is called a motor controller.
  • a contactor usually has a magnetic circuit which includes a fixed magnet and a movable magnet or armature with an air gap therebetween when the contactor is opened.
  • An electromagnetic coil is controllable upon command to interact with a source of voltage which may be interconnected with the main contacts of the contactor for electromagnetically accelerating the armature towards the fixed magnet, thus reducing the air gap.
  • a set of bridging contacts Disposed on the armature is a set of bridging contacts, the complements of which are fixedly disposed within the contactor case for being engaged thereby as the magnetic circuit is energized and the armature is moved.
  • the load and voltage source therefor are usually interconnected with the fixed contacts and become interconnected with each other as the bridging contacts "make" or "seat” with the fixed contacts.
  • the first spring force is provided by a kickout spring which is subsequently utilized to disengage the contacts by moving the armature in the opposite direction when the power applied to the coil has been removed. This occurs as the contacts are opened.
  • the other spring force is provided by a contact spring which begins to compress as the bridging contacts abut the fixed contacts, but while the armature continues to move towards the fixed magnet as the air gap is reduced to zero.
  • the force of the contact spring determines the amount of electrical current which can be carried by the closed contacts, and furthermore determines how much contact wear is tolerable as repeated operation of the contactor occurs. It is usually desirous for the contact spring to be as forceful as possible, thus increasing the current-carrying capability of the contactor and increasing the capability of the contactor and increasing the capability to adapt for contact wear.
  • the armatures and electromagnets of the prior art must generally be formed of solid, machined metal, or laminated metal in the case of AC circuits, in order to withstand the high impact seating forces. This machining and laminating is costly, labor intensive and suffers from problems of specification reproducibility.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an armature and/or electromagnet which has been formed of powdered metal, most particularly, pressed and sintered powdered magnetic metal such as iron, in order to create a pre-determined shape useful for armatures and electromagnets.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide armatures and electromagnets which are formed of powdered metal and which can withstand the closing forces acting on the armature and electromagnet and which may be used in conjunction with electromagnetic contactors in motor controllers.
  • a slug of magnetizable material and a magnetic flux conductive armature for use in an electrical contactor, in which said magnetic flux conductive armature normally spaced apart from said slug and capable of abutting said slug at a controlled abutting velocity, at least one of said magnetic flux conductive armature and said slug is formed by pressing and sintering powdered metal to a predetermined shape.
  • the armature and electromagnet are both fabricated of the powdered metal which is magnetic and selected from the group iron, cobalt and nickel and mixtures thereof.
  • the armature and electromagnet set are formed into predetermined shapes such as "C", "I” and “E". These shapes are prepared by pressing the powdered metal into a mold conforming to the desired shape and sintering the powdered metal to fix the armature or electromagnet in the desired shape.
  • the armature or electromagnet may contain, in addition to metal powder, phosphorus powder to improve the magnetic properties of the powdered metal being used.
  • the pressed and sintered armature and/or electromagnet is disposed within an electrical contactor and/or motor controller which utilizes a controlled closing velocity to protect the electromagnet and/or the armature from shattering upon impact.
  • FIG. 1 is an example of an electrical contactor or controller 10 in which the electromagnet and armature may be used is shown, comprising a housing 12 made of electrical insulating material such as a glass/nylon composition upon which are disposed electrical load terminals 14 and 16 for interconnection with an electrical apparatus, a circuit or a system to be serviced or controlled by the contactor 10.
  • Terminals 14 and 16 are spaced apart and interconnected internally with conductors 20 and 24, respectively, which extend into the central region of the housing 12.
  • conductors 20 and 24 are terminated by appropriate fixed contacts 22 and 26, respectively. Interconnection of contacts 22 and 26 will establish circuit continuity between terminals 14 and 16 and render the contactor 10 effective for conducting electrical current therethrough.
  • a separately manufactured coil control board 28 may be securely disposed within housing 12.
  • a coil or solenoid assembly 30 Disposed on the coil control board 28 is a coil or solenoid assembly 30 which may include an electrical coil or solenoid 31 disposed as part thereof. Spaced away from the coil control board 28 and forming one end of the coil assembly 30 is a spring seat 32 upon which is securely disposed one end of a kickout spring 34. The other end of the kickout spring 34 resides against portion 12A of the base 12 until movement of the carrier 42 causes the bottom portion 42A thereof to pick up the spring 34 and compress it against the seat 32. This occurs in a plane outside of the plane of Figure 1. The spring 34 encircles the armature 40, and is picked up by the bottom portion 42A of the carrier where the spring 34 and bottom portion 42A intersect.
  • a fixed magnet or slug of magnetizable material 36 is strategically disposed within a channel 38 radially aligned with the solenoid or coil 31 of the coil assembly 30.
  • Axially displaced from the fixed magnet 36 and disposed in the same channel 38 is a magnetic armature or magnetic flux conductive member 40 which is longitudinally (axially) movable in the channel 38 relative to the fixed magnet 36.
  • the longitudinally extending, electrically insulating contact carrier 42 upon which is disposed an electrically conducting contact bridge 44.
  • a contact 46 On one radial arm of the contact bridge 44 is disposed a contact 46, and on another radial arm of the contact bridge 44 is disposed a contact 48.
  • Contact 46 abuts contact 22 (22-46), and contact 48 abuts contact 26 (26-48) when a circuit is internally completed between the terminal 14 and terminal 16 as the contactor 10 closes.
  • contact 22 is spaced apart from the contact 46 and the contact 26 is spaced apart from the contact 48, the internal circuit between the terminals 14 and 16 is open.
  • the open circuit position is shown in Figure 1.
  • an arc box 50 which is disposed to enclose the contact bridge 44 and the terminals 22, 26, 46 and 48, to thus provide a partially enclosed volume in which electrical current flowing internally between the terminals 14 and 16 may be interrupted safely.
  • a recess 52 into which the crossbar 54 of the carrier 42 is disposed and constrained from moving traversely (radially) as shown in Figure 1, but is free to move or slide longitudinally (axially) of the center line 38A of the aforementioned channel 38.
  • the contact bridge 44 is biased against the carrier 42 with the help of a contact spring 56.
  • the contact spring 56 is compressed to allow continued movement of the carrier 42 towards slug 36 even after the contacts 22-46 and 26-48 have abutted or "made".
  • contact spring 56 greatly increases the pressure on the closed contacts 42-46 and 26-48 to increase the current-carrying capability of the internal circuit between the terminals 14 and 16 and to provide an automatic adjustment feature for allowing the contacts to attain an abutted or "made" position even after significant contact wear has occurred.
  • the longitudinal region between the magnet 36 and the movable armature 40 comprises an air gap 58 in which magnetic flux exists when the coil 31 is electrically energized.
  • either the armature 40 or the magnet 36 or both is fabricated of powdered metal which has been pressed and sintered into a predetermined shape.
  • Such armatures and electromagnets are adapted for use in an electrical contactor or controller 10 wherein the armature 40 seats against the electromagnet 36 at a controlled seating velocity as disclosed, for example, in the specifications of U.S. Patent Nos. 4,720,763 and 4,093,102.
  • the armature and electromagnet are preferably fabricated of magnetic powdered metal such as iron, cobalt, nickel and mixtures thereof.
  • phosphorus powder may be added in quantities in about 0.8% by weight of the metal powder to improve the magnetic properties of the pressed and sintered armature and/or electromagnet.
  • Other additives which may be used include carbon, copper, molybdenum and manganese.
  • Figure 2 (a-d) illustrates schematically several shapes into which the electromagnet 36 and armature 40 of the invention may be pressed using the teachings of the present invention.
  • the shapes illustrated in Figure 2 are all depicted with the armature 40 being movable with respect to a fixed electromagnet 36 in the directions shown by the arrows. However, it would be possible for both the armature 40 and the electromagnet 36 to be movable.
  • Figure 2 (a) illustrates schematically an electromagnet and armature set wherein the electromagnet and armature each comprise a "C” shape.
  • the armature 40 is an "I” shape and the electromagnet 36 is a "C” shape.
  • both the electromagnet 36 and the armature 40 comprise an "E” shape.
  • the electromagnet 36 is an "E” shape while the armature 40 is an "I” shape.
  • the armature and electromagnet may be fabricated using any acceptable pressing and sintering technique, including pressing through uniaxial and/or isostatic pressing.
  • the armature and/or electromagnet is fabricated by pouring the desired powdered metal mixture into a mold comprising the desired shape and the powdered metal is pressed at approximately 20-60 TSI (tons per square inch) or 2812-8435 kg/cm2 and a temperature of about 1050 to 1310 degrees centigrade.
  • the pressed and sintered electromagnet or armature has a green density of about 6-7.5 grams per cm3. Sintering time may vary, the longer the sintering time, the greater the reduction in size of the finished product. Sintering times of 5-60 minutes have proven adequate.
  • Magnetic powders which may be used include those manufactured by Hoeganaes Corporation, Riverton, N.J. under the tradename ANCORSTEEL 80P.
  • This mixture comprises about 99.05% (wt.) iron, 0.8% (wt.) phosphorous, and about 0.15% (wt.) carbon.
  • the armature and electromagnet may be fabricated and retrofitted onto existing electromagnetic contactors or motor controllers having a controlled seating velocity.
  • the seating velocity does not exceed about 30 inches per second in order to ensure that the pressed and sintered armature and/or electromagnet do not shatter upon seating impact.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
EP92302396A 1991-03-21 1992-03-19 Noyau fritté pour un contacteur électromagnétique à vélocité de fermeture contrôlée Withdrawn EP0505194A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67305291A 1991-03-21 1991-03-21
US673052 1991-03-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0505194A1 true EP0505194A1 (fr) 1992-09-23

Family

ID=24701130

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92302396A Withdrawn EP0505194A1 (fr) 1991-03-21 1992-03-19 Noyau fritté pour un contacteur électromagnétique à vélocité de fermeture contrôlée

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0505194A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05114346A (fr)
AU (1) AU660008B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9200910A (fr)
CA (1) CA2063680A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX9201073A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29502296U1 (de) * 1995-02-13 1995-04-06 Siemens AG, 80333 München Spule mit ellipsenförmigem Eisenkern
WO2000073633A1 (fr) * 1999-05-29 2000-12-07 Daimlerchrysler Ag Procede de production d'actionneurs pour la commande d'une vanne electromagnetique
WO2005006371A1 (fr) * 2003-07-10 2005-01-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de commutation electromagnetique
FR2940502A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-25 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Actionneur electromagnetique d'un bloc de commande de distance, et bloc le comprenant
WO2013130035A1 (fr) * 2012-02-27 2013-09-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Moteur à fente, couvercle de moteur à fente, ensemble moteur à fente-plaque d'arc et procédés d'exploitation

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB890142A (en) * 1958-05-13 1962-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Improvements in or relating to electromagnetically actuated devices
US4019239A (en) * 1973-09-26 1977-04-26 Hoganas Aktiebolag Method of producing magnetite article
EP0279592A2 (fr) * 1987-02-19 1988-08-24 Eaton Corporation Contacteur électromagnétique à système de fermeture équilibré en énergie
EP0409647A2 (fr) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-23 Sumitomo Metal Mining Company Limited Procédé de préparation d'articles frittés en alliage Fe-P ayant des propriétés magnétiques douces

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4893102A (en) * 1987-02-19 1990-01-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Electromagnetic contactor with energy balanced closing system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB890142A (en) * 1958-05-13 1962-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Improvements in or relating to electromagnetically actuated devices
US4019239A (en) * 1973-09-26 1977-04-26 Hoganas Aktiebolag Method of producing magnetite article
EP0279592A2 (fr) * 1987-02-19 1988-08-24 Eaton Corporation Contacteur électromagnétique à système de fermeture équilibré en énergie
EP0409647A2 (fr) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-23 Sumitomo Metal Mining Company Limited Procédé de préparation d'articles frittés en alliage Fe-P ayant des propriétés magnétiques douces

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29502296U1 (de) * 1995-02-13 1995-04-06 Siemens AG, 80333 München Spule mit ellipsenförmigem Eisenkern
WO2000073633A1 (fr) * 1999-05-29 2000-12-07 Daimlerchrysler Ag Procede de production d'actionneurs pour la commande d'une vanne electromagnetique
WO2005006371A1 (fr) * 2003-07-10 2005-01-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de commutation electromagnetique
CN100461324C (zh) * 2003-07-10 2009-02-11 西门子公司 电磁开关设备
US7696846B2 (en) 2003-07-10 2010-04-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electromagnetic switching device
FR2940502A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-25 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Actionneur electromagnetique d'un bloc de commande de distance, et bloc le comprenant
WO2013130035A1 (fr) * 2012-02-27 2013-09-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Moteur à fente, couvercle de moteur à fente, ensemble moteur à fente-plaque d'arc et procédés d'exploitation
CN104137216A (zh) * 2012-02-27 2014-11-05 西门子公司 槽电机、槽电机盖、槽电机-弧板组件和操作方法
CN104137216B (zh) * 2012-02-27 2016-11-09 西门子公司 槽电机、槽电机盖、槽电机-弧板组件和操作方法
US9552934B2 (en) 2012-02-27 2017-01-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Slot motor, slot motor cover, slot motor—arc plate assembly, and methods of operation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX9201073A (es) 1992-09-01
AU660008B2 (en) 1995-06-08
BR9200910A (pt) 1992-11-17
CA2063680A1 (fr) 1992-09-22
AU1139692A (en) 1992-09-24
JPH05114346A (ja) 1993-05-07

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