EP0504552B1 - Netzwerk zur Strahlformung für eine Mehrmoden-Mehrstrahl-Reflektorantenne - Google Patents

Netzwerk zur Strahlformung für eine Mehrmoden-Mehrstrahl-Reflektorantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0504552B1
EP0504552B1 EP92101034A EP92101034A EP0504552B1 EP 0504552 B1 EP0504552 B1 EP 0504552B1 EP 92101034 A EP92101034 A EP 92101034A EP 92101034 A EP92101034 A EP 92101034A EP 0504552 B1 EP0504552 B1 EP 0504552B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coefficients
network
row
mode
phase shifters
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP92101034A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0504552A1 (de
Inventor
Pasquale Capece
Stefano Badessi
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Leonardo SpA
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Alenia Spazio SpA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/40—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with phasing matrix
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/007—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns using two or more primary active elements in the focal region of a focusing device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to recursive method for calculating the coefficients of a multimode beam forming network to be used for a multibeam antenna system as set forth in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Multi beam antennas till now were based on the optimization of the reflector (feed) beam-forming network combination which had a prefixed beam forming network. As a result of such optimization, all system parameters, including the feed network, were defined.
  • US-A 4 633 259 which is the most pertinent prior art document, shows a lossless orthogonal beam forming network, similar to that described in the preamble of claim 1 of the present invention.
  • the original network configuration separates the radiating optimization from that of feed network design.
  • the invention pertains to electronic antenna for space-borne applications and is best applied to multi-beam antenna which have partially overlapping beams.
  • the overlapping sources are fed by a double cascade type of network.
  • the problem which may be solved by the present invention is that of the generation of overlapping beams which have a given number of common sources using the greatest number of degrees of freedom available.
  • the implementation of multi-mode networks starting from the excitation coefficients required has taken regard for two input networks and a maximum of four outputs. This set a limit to the number of degrees of freedom available to optimize the source excitation coefficients of the antenna system when the number of sources common to the two beams was greater than four, this limiting the achievable antenna performance.
  • the invention regards the definition of a peculiar configuration and implementation of a beam forming network which feeds N sources different than M (M ⁇ N) from the network.
  • the network generates M orthogonal sets on n output parts previously calculated by optimizing the far-field of the antenna on the required coverage, with the only constraint of orthogonality among the calculated feed excitation coefficients.
  • This configuration optimizes the feed excitation coefficients for different coverages required, independently of the network, with the only constraint of orthogonality of the sets above. This results in improved performance, compared to present state of the art solutions, in terms of gain and flexibility.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the antenna system. It shows the following items:
  • Figure 2 more significant than the others, is a schematic diagram of the multi-mode network, where:
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of possible uses of the proposed antenna system.
  • the solution according to the invention generates two partially overlapped coverages 8 and a global coverage 9.
  • the optical system is optimized, concluding the multi-feed reflector, together with the excitation coefficients of the latter with the only orthogonality constraint.
  • the three multi-mode networks 10 are implemented.
  • the network is synthesized in a recursive manner by generating the first mode required coefficients with the first row of couplers and phase shifters, the second with the second row and so on for the other sets of coefficients required.
  • FIG 4 is the outline schematic of another possible application of the invention. Here we can see output ports U1-U9 and two input ports I1, I2, but these can vary in number according to the required configuration.
  • Figure 2 which shows the beam forming network, highlights outputs U from the network where M sets of N coefficients each are formed; input ports in-1, in-2 ...; the series of double cascaded couplers a1', a2', ..., a1'', a2" ..., and phase shifters s1', s2' ....
  • the first set of N coefficients is taken into examination; a ladder-network is implemented as shown in figure 2, i.e. the first excitation in amplitude and phase is effected by the first coupler 1' and phase shifter 1'.
  • the remaining power is sent to the second coupler 2' through phase shifter 2', and so on till the n th excitation coefficient of the first set is implemented.
  • the remaining M-1 sets of N coefficients are converted into M-1 sets of N-1 coefficients at the ports of the already implemented N-1 couplers, where all four parts of the couplers are utilized.
  • the first set of coefficients is implemented by grouping them two by two through the first coupler as shown in figure 4 so as to reduce the order of the multi mode network to be implemented.
  • the number of sets physically possible is less than or equal to the number of excitation coefficients which are characteristic of each set.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Rekursives Verfahren zur Berechnung der Koeffizienten eines Mehrmoden-Netzwerks zur Strahlformung für die Verwendung in einem Mehrstrahl-Antennensystem mit einem Reflektor (1) und einem Einspeiser (2), wobei das Netzwerk M Eingangskanäle IN1.... INm hat, die über eine symmetrische Konfiguration einer Doppel- oder Mehrfach-Kaskadenverbindung von Leistungsteilern (6) und Phasenschiebern (7) mit N Ausgangskanälen U1...Un gekoppelt sind, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Schritte:
    a) Synthetisieren der ersten Reihe von Kopplern und Phasenschiebern unter Verwendung der Koeffizienten des ersten Modus, wodurch sich eine Reihe von N-1 Kopplern und N festen Phasenschiebern ergibt;
    b) für jeden der M-1 noch nicht synthetisierten Moden Berechnen einer neuen Gruppe von N-1 komplexen Komponenten, die nach Anlage an die N-1 freien Eingangskanäle der ersten synthetisierten Reihe an den Ausgangskanälen des Netzwerks die gewünschten originalen N komplexen Erregungen für jeden Modus erzeugen;
    c) Synthetisieren der zweiten Reihe des Netzwerks durch Anwendung der neuen Gruppe von Koeffizienten entsprechend dem gewünschten zweiten Modus, wodurch sich eine Reihe mit N-2 Kopplern und N-1 festen Phasenschiebern ergibt;
    d) für jeden der M-2 noch nicht synthetisierten Moden Berechnen der neuen Gruppe von N-2 komplexen Komponenten, die an den Ausgangskanälen der zweiten Reihe die gewünschten N-1 entsprechenden Erregungen für jeden Modus erzeugen;
    e) Wiederholen der Schritte c und d zum Synthetisieren der übrigen M-2 Reihen des Netzwerks unter Verwendung der M-2 Gruppen von Koeffizienten, wodurch sich die dritte synthetisierte Reihe ergibt, wobei die Koeffizienten des dritten Modus mit N-3 Kopplern und N-2 festen Phasenschiebern verwendet werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei M ≤ N.
  3. Mehrmoden-Netzwerk zur Strahlformung für ein Antennensystem mit einem Reflektor (1) und einem Einspeiser (2), das mit dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 berechnet ist.
EP92101034A 1991-01-23 1992-01-23 Netzwerk zur Strahlformung für eine Mehrmoden-Mehrstrahl-Reflektorantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0504552B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITRM910050A IT1244907B (it) 1991-01-23 1991-01-23 Configurazione e tecnica di reti multimodali formatrici di fasci per antenne multifascio a riflettore.
ITRM910050 1991-01-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0504552A1 EP0504552A1 (de) 1992-09-23
EP0504552B1 true EP0504552B1 (de) 2001-10-24

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EP92101034A Expired - Lifetime EP0504552B1 (de) 1991-01-23 1992-01-23 Netzwerk zur Strahlformung für eine Mehrmoden-Mehrstrahl-Reflektorantenne

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EP (1) EP0504552B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE207657T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69232146T2 (de)
IT (1) IT1244907B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2732163B1 (fr) * 1995-03-20 1997-05-30 Europ Agence Spatiale Dispositif d'alimentation d'une antenne multisources et multifaisceaux
US5856810A (en) * 1996-10-02 1999-01-05 Gec-Marconi Hazeltine Corp. Electronic Systems Division Low sidelobe multi-beam lossless feed networks for array antennas
US6922116B1 (en) 2001-09-12 2005-07-26 Kathrein-Werke Kg Generating arbitrary passive beam forming networks
EP1398849B1 (de) * 2002-09-11 2008-04-02 Kathrein-Werke KG Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines passiven Netzwerk zur Strahlformung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4231040A (en) * 1978-12-11 1980-10-28 Motorola, Inc. Simultaneous multiple beam antenna array matrix and method thereof
FR2560446B1 (fr) * 1984-01-05 1986-05-30 Europ Agence Spatiale Repartiteur de puissance pour antenne a faisceaux multiples a elements sources partages
US4638317A (en) * 1984-06-19 1987-01-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Orthogonal beam forming network
US4633259A (en) * 1984-07-10 1986-12-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Lossless orthogonal beam forming network
CA1226934A (en) * 1986-09-26 1987-09-15 Henry Downs Reconfigurable beam-forming network that provides in- phase power to each region
US4989011A (en) * 1987-10-23 1991-01-29 Hughes Aircraft Company Dual mode phased array antenna system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69232146T2 (de) 2002-07-11
ITRM910050A0 (it) 1991-01-23
IT1244907B (it) 1994-09-13
ITRM910050A1 (it) 1992-07-24
DE69232146D1 (de) 2001-11-29
ATE207657T1 (de) 2001-11-15
EP0504552A1 (de) 1992-09-23

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