EP0498732A1 - Unit of tool and tool carrier for tunnelling machines - Google Patents

Unit of tool and tool carrier for tunnelling machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0498732A1
EP0498732A1 EP92400312A EP92400312A EP0498732A1 EP 0498732 A1 EP0498732 A1 EP 0498732A1 EP 92400312 A EP92400312 A EP 92400312A EP 92400312 A EP92400312 A EP 92400312A EP 0498732 A1 EP0498732 A1 EP 0498732A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
base
tool holder
assembly according
slot
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Granted
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EP92400312A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0498732B1 (en
Inventor
Mohammed Boumahdi
Jean-Pierre Georget
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F C B
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a tool and tool holder assembly intended for use on machines for digging tunnels and galleries.
  • the tool holders are fixed by welding to the cutting member and each tool is mounted on the tool holder so that it can be dismantled and replaced when it is worn out.
  • the mounting of the tool on the tool holder must allow easy and quick replacement of the tools, to avoid too long immobilization of the machine. This is particularly important in the case of a containment tunneling machine (earth, air or mud pressure) where the maintenance personnel responsible for replacing the tools must work inside the rear chamber of the cutting disc. which is maintained under compressed air pressure, which requires the strict application, after intervention, of decompression procedures in the airlock for access to the room, the duration of which depends on the working times and the pressure at which staff have been subdued.
  • the classic solution is to fix the tool on the tool holder with a bolt.
  • This solution requires precise machining of the cooperating surfaces of the tool and the tool holder, to avoid any play which would cause rapid deterioration of these surfaces and would require replacement not only of the tools but also of the tool holders, and is of this relatively expensive.
  • dismantling the fixing bolts after a period of use corresponding to the life of the tools is not always easy.
  • the tool and tool holder assembly which is the subject of the present invention has been designed with the aim of reducing manufacturing costs, by eliminating all machining, and of enabling rapid and easy mounting and dismounting of the tool on the holder. tool.
  • the assembly which is the subject of the invention is characterized in that it consists of a tool holder comprising a base intended to be fixed to a cutting member and at least one wing perpendicular to said base, by a tool in the form of T comprising a head provided with at least one ear in the form of a wedge which is received in a notch of complementary shape formed in the adjacent edge of the wing of the tool holder and a tail extending in the same direction as the ear, and by means to push the ear into the notch and press the tool onto the base of the tool holder.
  • the tool holder comprises two parallel wings spaced from one another on the base, the head of the tool is provided with two wedge-shaped ears which are received in two notches of complementary shape formed in the edge of the wings of the tool holder and the tail of the tool is placed between the two wings.
  • the rear face of the notches will be located in the plane of the front face of the base and the rear face of the tool will be profiled so that it comes into contact with the front face of the base along a generator when the tool is blocked on the tool holder, a slight clearance then remaining between the rear face of the ears and the base.
  • This design allows a blockage without play of the tool in the tool holder by pressing the front face of the ears on the front face of the notches and a generator of the tool on the base without it being necessary to carry out a precise machining of these surfaces, and makes possible the use of raw foundry parts.
  • the means for driving the ears into the notches and pressing the tool onto the base of the tool holder will advantageously consist of a wedge-shaped key housed in a slot pierced in the free end of the tail and wedged between the wall from this slit and the edge of the wings adjacent to this end of the tail.
  • the longitudinal axis of this slot will be inclined relative to the generatrix of the rear face of the tail and the wings will have an appendage whose edge will be inclined relative to the plane of the front face of the base of a angle equal to the inclination of the axis of the slot relative to the generatrix of the rear face of the tail, the relative position of this edge and of the slot and their inclination being such that the key, when it is pressed in the slot, will exert on the tail of the tool an effort comprising a component parallel to the plane of the front face of the base and which will tend to push the ears into the notches and a component perpendicular to this plane and which will stick the tail of the tool on the base.
  • a piece of rubber glued in the slot of the tail of the tool will allow, by adhesion to the edge of the key, under the elastic deformation forces which it undergoes, braking of the key and will prohibit its untimely disassembly under the vibration action for example.
  • Figure 1 is an elevational view of a tool and tool holder assembly according to the invention mounted on the cutting disc of a tunnel boring machine.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of this assembly
  • Figure 3 is a rear view of the assembly; to clarify the figure, the cutting disc on which the tool holder is welded is not shown.
  • Figure 4 is an elevational view of the tool
  • Figure 5 is an elevational view of the tool holder
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the tool holder.
  • reference numbers 10 and 12 denote, respectively, the tool and the tool holder.
  • the tool shown in Figure 4, has the shape of a T and includes a head 14 and a tail 16.
  • the head 14 is provided, on its underside and at the rear thereof, it is ie opposite the cutting edge 18, two wedge-shaped ears 20 arranged on either side of the tail and extending in the same direction as the latter.
  • a slot 22 is pierced in the free end of the tail 16; the longitudinal axis of this slot is inclined relative to the generatrix of the rear face of the tail.
  • the tool holder 12 shown in Figures 5 and 6, consists of a base 24 and two wings 26 perpendicular to the base, mutually parallel and spaced from one another.
  • the base is intended to be fixed on a support, such as the cutting disc 28 of a tunnel boring machine, by a weld bead 30.
  • a notch 32 In one of the edges of each wing, which is the upper edge when the holder tool is in the position shown in the drawings, is provided a notch 32 whose shape is complementary to that of the ears 20 of the tool; the rear face of these notches is located in the plane of the front face of the base.
  • each wing has an appendage 34, the rear face of which is inclined relative to the plane of the front face of the base at an angle equal to the inclination of the longitudinal axis of the slot 22, with respect to to the generator of the rear face of the shank 16 of the tool.
  • the part 36 of the lower edge of each wing adjacent to the rear face of the appendix is perpendicular to this face.
  • the ears and the notches must be dimensioned so that, taking into account manufacturing tolerances, the ears do not abut on the bottom of the notches and the underside of the tool head does not come into contact with the upper edge of the wings of the tool holder.
  • the rear face of the shank and the head of the tool is rounded so that it is in contact with the base along a generator; instead of being rounded, this face could consist of a dihedral with a projecting edge.
  • a slight clearance remains between the base and the ears.
  • a sloping key 38 is used which is force-fitted, by means of a hammer, into the slot 22 of the tool shank.
  • the key exerts on the tool a force comprising a component parallel to the plane of the base and which tends to drive the ears 20 in the notches 32 and a component perpendicular to this plane which presses the tail of the tool on the base.
  • the vertical component allows the tool to be properly secured in the tool holder, without play, and the horizontal component prohibited by bracing, any pivoting of the tool under the forces applied during work on the cutting edge of the tool in the direction of Arrow F.
  • Means other than a key could be used to block the tool on the tool holder by resting on the wings of the tool holder and by exerting on the tail of the tool an oriented effort as defined above.
  • a rubber bead 40 glued into the slot 22, at its upper end, allows adhesion to the edge of the key, under the elastic deformation forces to which it is subjected, braking of the key and prohibits its untimely disassembly.
  • the tool holder can be made of molded steel that can be easily welded with a simple operating mode on the cutting disc.
  • the tool can be made of white cast iron strongly alloyed with chromium and manganese. As already indicated, no machining of these parts is necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a tool/tool-carrier assembly for tunnelling machines. In order to reduce the costs of manufacture, by eliminating any machining operation, and to enable a quick and easy mounting and demounting of the tool, the tool-carrier (10) comprises a seat (24) intended to be fixed onto a cutting device (28) and two arms (26) which are spaced apart on the seat, the tool is T-shaped and comprises a tail-piece (16) which is housed between the arms and is fitted against the seat of the tool-carrier and a head (14) provided with two wedge-shaped lugs (20) which are housed in two notches (32), of complementary shape, made in the edge of the tool-carrier arms, and a key (38) is used to lock the tool on the tool-carrier. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un ensemble outil et porte-outil destiné à être utilisé sur des machines de creusement de tunnels et de galeries.The subject of the present invention is a tool and tool holder assembly intended for use on machines for digging tunnels and galleries.

Sur ces machines, qui sont généralement équipées de plusieurs outils de coupe, les porte-outils sont fixés par soudage sur l'organe de coupe et chaque outil est monté sur le porte-outil de façon à pouvoir être démonté et remplacé lorsqu'il est usé. Le montage de l'outil sur le porte-outil doit permettre un remplacement facile et rapide des outils, pour éviter une trop longue immobilisation de la machine. Cela est particulièrement important dans le cas d'un tunnelier à confinement (pression de terre, d'air ou de boue) où le personnel d'entretien chargé du remplacement des outils doit travailler à l'intérieur de la chambre arrière du disque de coupe qui est maintenue sous pression d'air comprimé, ce qui oblige à l'application stricte, après intervention, des procédures de décompression dans le sas d'accès à la chambre dont la durée est fonction des temps de travail et de la pression à laquelle le personnel a été soumis.On these machines, which are generally equipped with several cutting tools, the tool holders are fixed by welding to the cutting member and each tool is mounted on the tool holder so that it can be dismantled and replaced when it is worn out. The mounting of the tool on the tool holder must allow easy and quick replacement of the tools, to avoid too long immobilization of the machine. This is particularly important in the case of a containment tunneling machine (earth, air or mud pressure) where the maintenance personnel responsible for replacing the tools must work inside the rear chamber of the cutting disc. which is maintained under compressed air pressure, which requires the strict application, after intervention, of decompression procedures in the airlock for access to the room, the duration of which depends on the working times and the pressure at which staff have been subdued.

La solution classique consiste à fixer l'outil sur le porte-outil au moyen d'un boulon. Cette solution nécessite un usinage précis des surfaces coopérantes de l'outil et du porte-outil, pour éviter tout jeu qui provoquerait une détérioration rapide de ces surfaces et nécessiterait un remplacement non seulement des outils mais aussi des porte-outils, et est de ce fait relativement onéreuse. De plus, le démontage des boulons de fixation après une période d'utilisation correspondant à la durée de vie des outils n'est pas toujours facile.The classic solution is to fix the tool on the tool holder with a bolt. This solution requires precise machining of the cooperating surfaces of the tool and the tool holder, to avoid any play which would cause rapid deterioration of these surfaces and would require replacement not only of the tools but also of the tool holders, and is of this relatively expensive. In addition, dismantling the fixing bolts after a period of use corresponding to the life of the tools is not always easy.

L'ensemble outil et porte-outil objet de la présente invention a été conçu dans le but de réduire les coûts de fabrication, en supprimant tout usinage, et de permettre un montage et un démontage rapides et aisés de l'outil sur le porte-outil.The tool and tool holder assembly which is the subject of the present invention has been designed with the aim of reducing manufacturing costs, by eliminating all machining, and of enabling rapid and easy mounting and dismounting of the tool on the holder. tool.

L'ensemble objet de l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué par un porte-outil comportant une embase destinée à être fixée sur un organe de coupe et au moins une aile perpendiculaire à ladite embase, par un outil en forme de T comportant une tête munie d'au moins une oreille en forme de coin venant se loger dans une encoche de forme complémentaire ménagée dans le bord adjacent de l'aile du porte-outil et une queue s'étendant dans la même direction que l'oreille, et par des moyens pour enfoncer l'oreille dans l'encoche et plaquer l'outil sur l'embase du porte-outil.The assembly which is the subject of the invention is characterized in that it consists of a tool holder comprising a base intended to be fixed to a cutting member and at least one wing perpendicular to said base, by a tool in the form of T comprising a head provided with at least one ear in the form of a wedge which is received in a notch of complementary shape formed in the adjacent edge of the wing of the tool holder and a tail extending in the same direction as the ear, and by means to push the ear into the notch and press the tool onto the base of the tool holder.

Suivant une forme de réalisation particulière, le porte-outil comporte deux ailes parallèles et espacées l'une de l'autre sur l'embase, la tête de l'outil est munie de deux oreilles en forme de coin venant se loger dans deux encoches de forme complémentaire ménagées dans le bord des ailes du porte-outil et la queue de l'outil vient se placer entre les deux ailes.According to a particular embodiment, the tool holder comprises two parallel wings spaced from one another on the base, the head of the tool is provided with two wedge-shaped ears which are received in two notches of complementary shape formed in the edge of the wings of the tool holder and the tail of the tool is placed between the two wings.

Avantageusement, la face arrière des encoches sera située dans le plan de la face avant de l'embase et la face arrière de l'outil sera profilée de façon qu'elle vienne en contact avec la face avant de l'embase le long d'une génératrice lorsque l'outil sera bloqué sur le porte-outil, un léger jeu subsistant alors entre la face arrière des oreilles et l'embase.Advantageously, the rear face of the notches will be located in the plane of the front face of the base and the rear face of the tool will be profiled so that it comes into contact with the front face of the base along a generator when the tool is blocked on the tool holder, a slight clearance then remaining between the rear face of the ears and the base.

Cette conception permet de réaliser un blocage sans jeu de l'outil dans le porte-outil par appui de la face avant des oreilles sur la face avant des encoches et d'une génératrice de l'outil sur l'embase sans qu'il soit nécessaire de réaliser un usinage précis de ces surfaces, et rend possible l'utilisation des pièces brutes de fonderie.This design allows a blockage without play of the tool in the tool holder by pressing the front face of the ears on the front face of the notches and a generator of the tool on the base without it being necessary to carry out a precise machining of these surfaces, and makes possible the use of raw foundry parts.

Pour assurer ce blocage, il faut qu'un jeu subsiste, après montage de l'outil sur le porte-outil, d'une part entre la tête de l'outil et le bord adjacent des ailes du porte-outil et d'autre part entre le fond des encoches et l'extrémité adjacente des oreilles. Les oreilles et les encoches devront donc être dimensionnées en conséquence.To ensure this blocking, a clearance must remain, after mounting the tool on the tool holder, on the one hand between the tool head and the adjacent edge of the wings of the tool holder and on the other hand part between the bottom of the notches and the adjacent end of the ears. The ears and the notches should therefore be sized accordingly.

Les moyens pour enfoncer les oreilles dans les encoches et plaquer l'outil sur l'embase du porte-outil seront avantageusement constitués par une clavette en forme de coin logée dans une fente percée dans l'extrémité libre de la queue et coincée entre la paroi de cette fente et le bord des ailes adjacent à cette extrémité de la queue. De préférence, l'axe longitudinal de cette fente sera incliné par rapport à la génératrice de la face arrière de la queue et les ailes comporteront un appendice dont le bord sera incliné par rapport au plan de la face avant de l'embase d'un angle égal à l'inclinaison de l'axe de la fente par rapport à la génératrice de la face arrière de la queue, la position relative de ce bord et de la fente et leur inclinaison étant telles que la clavette, lorsqu'elle sera enfoncée dans la fente, exercera sur la queue de l'outil un effort comportant une composante parallèle au plan de la face avant de l'embase et qui tendra à enfoncer les oreilles dans les encoches et une composante perpendiculaire à ce plan et qui plaquera la queue de l'outil sur l'embase.The means for driving the ears into the notches and pressing the tool onto the base of the tool holder will advantageously consist of a wedge-shaped key housed in a slot pierced in the free end of the tail and wedged between the wall from this slit and the edge of the wings adjacent to this end of the tail. Preferably, the longitudinal axis of this slot will be inclined relative to the generatrix of the rear face of the tail and the wings will have an appendage whose edge will be inclined relative to the plane of the front face of the base of a angle equal to the inclination of the axis of the slot relative to the generatrix of the rear face of the tail, the relative position of this edge and of the slot and their inclination being such that the key, when it is pressed in the slot, will exert on the tail of the tool an effort comprising a component parallel to the plane of the front face of the base and which will tend to push the ears into the notches and a component perpendicular to this plane and which will stick the tail of the tool on the base.

Une pièce en caoutchouc collée dans la fente de la queue de l'outil permettra, par adhérence sur le chant de la clavette, sous les efforts de déformation élastique qu'elle subit, un freinage de la clavette et interdira son démontage intempestif sous l'action de vibrations par exemple.A piece of rubber glued in the slot of the tail of the tool will allow, by adhesion to the edge of the key, under the elastic deformation forces which it undergoes, braking of the key and will prohibit its untimely disassembly under the vibration action for example.

La description qui suit se réfère aux dessins l'accompagnant qui montrent, à titre d'exemple non-limitatif, une forme de réalisation de l'invention et sur lesquels :The following description refers to the accompanying drawings which show, by way of non-limiting example, an embodiment of the invention and in which:

La figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un ensemble outil et porte-outil conforme à l'invention monté sur le disque de coupe d'un tunnelier.Figure 1 is an elevational view of a tool and tool holder assembly according to the invention mounted on the cutting disc of a tunnel boring machine.

La figure 2 est une vue de dessus de cet ensemble;Figure 2 is a top view of this assembly;

La figure 3 est une vue de dos de l'ensemble; pour clarifier la figure, le disque de coupe sur lequel est soudé le porte-outil n'est pas représenté.Figure 3 is a rear view of the assembly; to clarify the figure, the cutting disc on which the tool holder is welded is not shown.

La figure 4 est une vue en élévation de l'outil;Figure 4 is an elevational view of the tool;

La figure 5 est une vue en élévation du porte-outil; etFigure 5 is an elevational view of the tool holder; and

La figure 6 est une vue de dessus du porte-outil.Figure 6 is a top view of the tool holder.

Sur ces dessins, les numéros de référence 10 et 12 désignent, respectivement, l'outil et le porte-outil. L'outil, représenté sur la figure 4, a la forme d'un T et comprend une tête 14 et une queue 16. la tête 14 est munie, sur sa face inférieure et à l'arrière de celle-ci, c'est-à-dire à l'opposé de l'arête de coupe 18, de deux oreilles 20 en forme de coin disposées de part et d'autre de la queue et s'étendant dans la même direction que celle-ci. Une fente 22 est percée dans l'extrémité libre de la queue 16; l'axe longitudinal de cette fente est incliné par rapport à la génératrice de la face arrière de la queue.In these drawings, reference numbers 10 and 12 denote, respectively, the tool and the tool holder. The tool, shown in Figure 4, has the shape of a T and includes a head 14 and a tail 16. the head 14 is provided, on its underside and at the rear thereof, it is ie opposite the cutting edge 18, two wedge-shaped ears 20 arranged on either side of the tail and extending in the same direction as the latter. A slot 22 is pierced in the free end of the tail 16; the longitudinal axis of this slot is inclined relative to the generatrix of the rear face of the tail.

Le porte-outil 12, représenté sur les figures 5 et 6, est constitué d'une embase 24 et de deux ailes 26 perpendiculaires à l'embase, parallèles entre elles et espacées l'un de l'autre. L'embase est destinée à être fixée sur un support, tel que le disque de coupe 28 d'un tunnelier, par un cordon de soudure 30. Dans l'un des bords de chaque aile, qui est le bord supérieur lorsque le porte-outil se trouve dans la position représentée sur les dessins, est ménagée une encoche 32 dont la forme est complémentaire de celle des oreilles 20 de l'outil; la face arrière de ces encoches se situe dans le plan de la face avant de l'embase. Sur le bord opposé, chaque aile comporte un appendice 34 dont la face arrière est inclinée par rapport au plan de la face avant de l'embase d'un angle égal à l'inclinaison de l'axe longitudinal de la fente 22, par rapport à la génératrice de la face arrière de la queue 16 de l'outil. La partie 36 du bord inférieur de chaque aile adjacente à la face arrière de l'appendice est perpendiculaire à cette face.The tool holder 12, shown in Figures 5 and 6, consists of a base 24 and two wings 26 perpendicular to the base, mutually parallel and spaced from one another. The base is intended to be fixed on a support, such as the cutting disc 28 of a tunnel boring machine, by a weld bead 30. In one of the edges of each wing, which is the upper edge when the holder tool is in the position shown in the drawings, is provided a notch 32 whose shape is complementary to that of the ears 20 of the tool; the rear face of these notches is located in the plane of the front face of the base. On the opposite edge, each wing has an appendage 34, the rear face of which is inclined relative to the plane of the front face of the base at an angle equal to the inclination of the longitudinal axis of the slot 22, with respect to to the generator of the rear face of the shank 16 of the tool. The part 36 of the lower edge of each wing adjacent to the rear face of the appendix is perpendicular to this face.

Pour monter l'outil sur le porte-outil on engage la queue 16 entre les ailes 26 et on enfonce les oreilles 20 dans les encoches 32. A cause de la forme des oreilles et des encoches, la tête de l'outil se coince entre l'embase et la face avant des encoches.To mount the tool on the tool holder, engage the shank 16 between the wings 26 and insert the ears 20 into the notches 32. Because of the shape of the ears and the notches, the head of the tool gets stuck between the base and the front face of the notches.

Pour que ce coincement soit possible, les oreilles et les encoches doivent être dimensionnées de telle sorte que, compte tenu des tolérances de fabrication, les oreilles ne viennent pas buter sur le fond des encoches et la face inférieure de la tête de l'outil ne vienne pas en contact avec le bord supérieur des ailes du porte-outil. Comme on le voit sur la figure 2, la face arrière de la queue et de la tête de l'outil est arrondie de telle sorte qu'elle est en contact avec l'embase le long d'une génératrice; au lieu d'être arrondie, cette face pourrait être constituée par un dièdre à arête saillante. Par ailleurs, un léger jeu subsiste entre l'embase et les oreilles. Cette construction permet d'assurer le montage sans jeu de l'outil sur le porte-outil même si les tolérances de fabrication sur ces pièces sont élevées, ce qui rend possible l'utilisation de pièces brutes de fonderie, sans aucun usinage.For this jamming to be possible, the ears and the notches must be dimensioned so that, taking into account manufacturing tolerances, the ears do not abut on the bottom of the notches and the underside of the tool head does not come into contact with the upper edge of the wings of the tool holder. As seen in Figure 2, the rear face of the shank and the head of the tool is rounded so that it is in contact with the base along a generator; instead of being rounded, this face could consist of a dihedral with a projecting edge. In addition, a slight clearance remains between the base and the ears. This construction makes it possible to assemble the tool without play on the tool holder even if the manufacturing tolerances on these parts are high, which makes it possible to use raw foundry parts, without any machining.

Pour bloquer l'outil sur le porte-outil, on utilise une clavette pentée 38 introduite à force, au moyen d'un marteau, dans la fente 22 de la queue de l'outil. En prenant appui sur la face arrière de l'appendice 34 et sur la partie 36 du bord inférieur des ailes, la clavette exerce sur l'outil un effort comprenant une composante parallèle au plan de l'embase et qui tend à enfoncer les oreilles 20 dans les encoches 32 et une composante perpendiculaire à ce plan qui plaque la queue de l'outil sur l'embase. La composante verticale permet de bien assujettir l'outil dans le porte-outil, sans jeu, et la composante horizontale interdit par arc-boutement tout pivotement de l'outil sous les efforts appliqués en cours de travail sur l'arête de coupe de l'outil dans le sens de la Flèche F.To lock the tool on the tool holder, a sloping key 38 is used which is force-fitted, by means of a hammer, into the slot 22 of the tool shank. By resting on the rear face of the appendix 34 and on the part 36 of the lower edge of the wings, the key exerts on the tool a force comprising a component parallel to the plane of the base and which tends to drive the ears 20 in the notches 32 and a component perpendicular to this plane which presses the tail of the tool on the base. The vertical component allows the tool to be properly secured in the tool holder, without play, and the horizontal component prohibited by bracing, any pivoting of the tool under the forces applied during work on the cutting edge of the tool in the direction of Arrow F.

Des moyens autres qu'une clavette (came, vis, etc ...) pourraient être utilisés pour bloquer l'outil sur le porte-outil en prenant appui sur les ailes du porte-outil et en exerçant sur la queue de l'outil un effort orienté comme défini ci-dessus.Means other than a key (cam, screw, etc.) could be used to block the tool on the tool holder by resting on the wings of the tool holder and by exerting on the tail of the tool an oriented effort as defined above.

Un cordon de caoutchouc 40 collé dans la fente 22, à son extrémité supérieure, permet par adhérence sur le chant de la clavette, sous les efforts de déformation élastique auxquels il est soumis, un freinage de la clavette et interdit son démontage intempestif.A rubber bead 40 glued into the slot 22, at its upper end, allows adhesion to the edge of the key, under the elastic deformation forces to which it is subjected, braking of the key and prohibits its untimely disassembly.

Le porte-outil pourra être réalisé en acier moulé facilement soudable avec un mode opératoire simple sur le disque de coupe. L'outil pourra être en fonte blanche fortement alliée au chrome et manganèse. Comme on l'a déjà indiqué aucun usinage de ces pièces n'est nécessaire.The tool holder can be made of molded steel that can be easily welded with a simple operating mode on the cutting disc. The tool can be made of white cast iron strongly alloyed with chromium and manganese. As already indicated, no machining of these parts is necessary.

La forme de ces pièces permet un montage rapide, un blocage sans jeu de l'outil dans le porte-outil grâce à un appui en trois points : face avant des deux oreilles et génératrice arrière de l'outil, un fixation rapide et simple au moyen de la clavette, ne nécessitant comme outillage qu'un marteau, et un démontage aisé à l'aide d'un outillage simple (marteau et chasse goupille). On peut noter, en outre, que le démontage ne nécessite qu'une faible course de pénétration de l'outil dans le terrain en appui sur la face avant du disque de coupe. Or, pour effectuer le démontage d'un outil sur un tunnelier enterré, il faut dégager un volume de terre suffisant devant l'outil pour rendre cette opération possible. En diminuant ce volume, l'invention permet de faciliter et réduire encore la durée de l'opération.The shape of these parts allows rapid assembly, locking without play of the tool in the tool holder thanks to a support at three points: front face of the two ears and rear generator of the tool, quick and simple attachment to the means of the key, requiring only a hammer as tool, and easy disassembly using a simple tool (hammer and pin punch). It can also be noted that disassembly requires only a short penetration stroke of the tool in the ground bearing on the front face of the cutting disc. To dismantle a tool on a tunnel boring machine buried, a sufficient volume of soil must be cleared in front of the tool to make this operation possible. By reducing this volume, the invention makes it possible to further facilitate and reduce the duration of the operation.

Il est bien entendu que l'invention n'est pas limitée à la forme de réalisation décrite et que de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées à celle-ci par l'emploi de moyens techniques équivalents. En particulier, on pourrait utiliser un porte-outil comportant une seule aile et dédoubler la queue de l'outil qui viendrait alors encadrer cette aile unique, l'outil ne comportant qu'une seule oreille en forme de coin venant se loger dans l'encoche formée dans l'aile et la face arrière de l'outil étant conformée de telle sorte qu'elle vienne s'appuyer sur l'embase, le long de deux génératrices ou deux surfaces d'appui situées de part et d'autre de l'aile, de façon à réaliser un appui en trois points; l'outil pourrait être bloqué sur le porte-outil par une clavette, comme dans la forme de réalisation décrite en se référant aux dessins.It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and that numerous modifications can be made thereto by the use of equivalent technical means. In particular, one could use a tool holder comprising a single wing and split the tail of the tool which would then frame this single wing, the tool comprising only one wedge-shaped ear coming to be housed in the notch formed in the wing and the rear face of the tool being shaped so that it comes to bear on the base, along two generators or two bearing surfaces located on either side of the wing, so as to provide support at three points; the tool could be locked on the tool holder by a key, as in the embodiment described with reference to the drawings.

Claims (12)

Ensemble outil et porte-outil pour machine de creusement de tunnels et galeries caractérisé en ce que le porte-outil (12) comporte une embase (24) destinée à être fixée sur un organe de coupe et au moins une aile (26) solidaire de l'embase et approximativement perpendiculaire à celle-ci, en ce que l'outil (10) a la forme d'un T et comporte une tête (14) munie d'au moins une oreille (20) en forme de coin venant se loger dans une encoche (32) de forme complémentaire ménagée dans le bord de l'aile (26) du porte-outil, de telle sorte qu'en enfonçant l'oreille dans l'encoche on applique la face arrière de l'outil sur l'embase, et une queue (16) s'étendant dans la même direction que l'oreille, et en ce qu'il comporte en outre des moyens (38) agissant sur la queue de l'outil et prenant appui sur l'aile du porte-outil pour enfoncer l'oreille dans l'encoche et bloquer l'outil sur le porte-outil.Tool and tool holder assembly for tunneling and tunneling machine, characterized in that the tool holder (12) comprises a base (24) intended to be fixed on a cutting member and at least one wing (26) integral with the base and approximately perpendicular thereto, in that the tool (10) has the shape of a T and comprises a head (14) provided with at least one ear (20) in the form of a wedge coming lodge in a notch (32) of complementary shape made in the edge of the wing (26) of the tool holder, so that by inserting the ear into the notch, the rear face of the tool is applied to the base, and a shank (16) extending in the same direction as the ear, and in that it further comprises means (38) acting on the shank of the tool and bearing on the wing of the tool holder to push the ear into the notch and lock the tool on the tool holder. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le porte-outil (12) comporte deux ailes (26) parallèles et espacées l'une de l'autre sur l'embase (24), en ce que la tête (14) de l'outil est munie de deux oreilles (20) en forme de coin venant se loger dans deux encoches (32) de forme complémentaire ménagées dans le bord des ailes du porte-outil et en ce que la queue (16) de l'outil vient se placer entre les deux ailes.Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool holder (12) comprises two wings (26) parallel and spaced from one another on the base (24), in that the head (14) of the tool is provided with two wedge-shaped ears (20) which are received in two notches (32) of complementary shape formed in the edge of the wings of the tool holder and in that the shank (16) of the tool comes to be placed between the two wings. Ensemble selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un jeu est ménagé entre la face arrière des oreilles et la face arrière des encoches, et la face arrière de l'outil (10) est profilée de telle sorte que son contact avec l'embase soit linéaire, lorsque l'outil est bloqué sur le porte-outil.An assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that a clearance is provided between the rear face of the ears and the rear face of the notches, and the rear face of the tool (10) is profiled so that its contact with the base is linear, when the tool is locked on the tool holder. Ensemble selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la face arrière des encoches (32) est située dans le plan de la face avant de l'embase (24).Assembly according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the rear face of the notches (32) is located in the plane of the front face of the base (24). Ensemble selon la revendication 2, 3 ou 4 caractérisé en ce que les oreilles (20) sont situées sous la tête (14) de l'outil.An assembly according to claim 2, 3 or 4 characterized in that the ears (20) are located under the head (14) of the tool. Ensemble selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour bloquer l'outil (14) sur le porte-outil (12) sont conçus pour plaquer la queue (16) de l'outil sur l'embase (24) du porte-outil.Assembly according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the means for locking the tool (14) on the tool holder (12) are designed to press the shank (16) of the tool on the base (24) of the tool holder. Ensemble selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le porte-outil est en une seule pièce moulée brute de fonderie.Assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool holder is in one single molded piece of foundry. Ensemble selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'outil est en une seule pièce moulée brute de fonderie.Assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool is in one single molded piece of foundry. Ensemble selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'outil est en fonte blanche fortement alliée au chrome et manganèse.Assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that the tool is made of white cast iron which is strongly alloyed with chromium and manganese. Ensemble selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour bloquer l'outil sur le porte-outil sont constitués par une clavette (38) en forme de coin logée dans une fente (22) percée dans l'extrémité libre de la queue (16) de l'outil et coincée entre la paroi de cette fente et le bord de l'aile (26) adjacent à cette extrémité de la queue.Assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for locking the tool on the tool holder consist of a wedge-shaped key (38) housed in a slot (22) pierced in the end free from the shank (16) of the tool and wedged between the wall of this slot and the edge of the wing (26) adjacent to this end of the shank. Ensemble selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'axe longitudinal de ladite fente (22) est incliné par rapport à la génératrice de la face arrière de l'outil, et l'aile (26) comporte un appendice (34) dont le bord est incliné par rapport au plan de la face avant de l'embase (24) d'un angle égal à l'inclinaison de l'axe de la fente par rapport à la génératrice de la face arrière de l'outil, la position relative du bord de l'appendice et de la fente et leur inclinaison étant telles que la clavette, lorsqu'elle est enfoncée dans la fente, exerce sur la queue de l'outil un effort comprenant une composante parallèle au plan de la face avant de l'embase et qui tend à enfoncer l'oreille dans l'encoche et une composante perpendiculaire à cette face et qui plaque la queue de l'outil sur l'embase.An assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that the longitudinal axis of said slot (22) is inclined relative to the generator of the rear face of the tool, and the wing (26) comprises an appendage (34) of which the edge is inclined relative to the plane of the front face of the base (24) at an angle equal to the inclination of the axis of the slot relative to the generator of the rear face of the tool, the relative position of the edge of the appendix and of the slot and their inclination being such that the key, when pressed into the slot, exerts on the shank of the tool an effort comprising a component parallel to the plane of the front face of the base and which tends to push the ear into the notch and a component perpendicular to this face and which presses the tail of the tool on the base. Ensemble selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'une pièce en caoutchouc (40) est fixée dans ladite fente (22) et comprimée entre la paroi de la fente et la clavette, lorsque cette dernière est coincée entre la paroi de la fente et le bord de l'aile (26).Assembly according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a rubber piece (40) is fixed in said slot (22) and compressed between the wall of the slot and the key, when the latter is wedged between the wall of the slot and the edge of the wing (26).
EP92400312A 1991-02-08 1992-02-07 Unit of tool and tool carrier for tunnelling machines Expired - Lifetime EP0498732B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9101447A FR2672635B1 (en) 1991-02-08 1991-02-08 TOOL ASSEMBLY AND TOOL HOLDER FOR TUNNEL AND GALLERY DIGGING MACHINE.
FR9101447 1991-02-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0498732A1 true EP0498732A1 (en) 1992-08-12
EP0498732B1 EP0498732B1 (en) 1994-08-31

Family

ID=9409504

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92400312A Expired - Lifetime EP0498732B1 (en) 1991-02-08 1992-02-07 Unit of tool and tool carrier for tunnelling machines

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0498732B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE110821T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69200357T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0498732T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2060454T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2672635B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2823793A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-25 Nfm Tech Fixing for work tool on tunneling machine comprises support on machine mounting surface determining with tool three fitting zones formed by male and female parts
US6876006B1 (en) 1999-04-27 2005-04-05 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Radiation source

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1121008A (en) * 1965-11-03 1968-07-24 Poudres Metalliques Alliages Speciaux Ugine Carbone Improvements in mining tools having removable tips
US3820849A (en) * 1972-12-01 1974-06-28 Sandvik Ab Cutting tips removably secured in milling cutter head
FR2382307A1 (en) * 1977-03-03 1978-09-29 Sandvik Ab DEVICE FOR MOUNTING TOOL HOLDERS IN A CUTTING HEAD OF A ROCK DRILL
GB2077810A (en) * 1980-06-17 1981-12-23 Anderson Strathclyde Ltd Detachable pick support

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1121008A (en) * 1965-11-03 1968-07-24 Poudres Metalliques Alliages Speciaux Ugine Carbone Improvements in mining tools having removable tips
US3820849A (en) * 1972-12-01 1974-06-28 Sandvik Ab Cutting tips removably secured in milling cutter head
FR2382307A1 (en) * 1977-03-03 1978-09-29 Sandvik Ab DEVICE FOR MOUNTING TOOL HOLDERS IN A CUTTING HEAD OF A ROCK DRILL
GB2077810A (en) * 1980-06-17 1981-12-23 Anderson Strathclyde Ltd Detachable pick support

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6876006B1 (en) 1999-04-27 2005-04-05 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Radiation source
FR2823793A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-25 Nfm Tech Fixing for work tool on tunneling machine comprises support on machine mounting surface determining with tool three fitting zones formed by male and female parts
EP1253286A1 (en) * 2001-04-24 2002-10-30 NFM Technologies Device for fixing a cutting element in a tunnelling machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69200357D1 (en) 1994-10-06
FR2672635B1 (en) 1994-02-18
DK0498732T3 (en) 1995-01-30
DE69200357T2 (en) 1995-02-16
EP0498732B1 (en) 1994-08-31
FR2672635A1 (en) 1992-08-14
ATE110821T1 (en) 1994-09-15
ES2060454T3 (en) 1994-11-16

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