EP0493460A1 - Steering suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle - Google Patents

Steering suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle

Info

Publication number
EP0493460A1
EP0493460A1 EP19900914194 EP90914194A EP0493460A1 EP 0493460 A1 EP0493460 A1 EP 0493460A1 EP 19900914194 EP19900914194 EP 19900914194 EP 90914194 A EP90914194 A EP 90914194A EP 0493460 A1 EP0493460 A1 EP 0493460A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fork
transmission
frame
strut
interposed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19900914194
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Franck Jean Savard
Patrick André Savard
Jean-Yves Charron
Francois Lacoste
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8912445A external-priority patent/FR2652053A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0493460A1 publication Critical patent/EP0493460A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
    • B62K25/005—Axle suspensions characterised by the axle being supported at one end only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
    • B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
    • B62K25/12—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg
    • B62K25/22—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg with more than one arm on each fork leg
    • B62K25/24—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg with more than one arm on each fork leg for front wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M23/00—Transmissions characterised by use of other elements; Other transmissions

Definitions

  • Directional suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle.
  • the present invention relates to a directional suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle.
  • Suspension devices for two-wheel drive motorcycles are known, in particular in PCT patent application FR 88 00073.
  • This suspension device comprises an oscillating arm connected on the one hand to the frame and on the other hand to the axis of rotation.
  • a directional hub one part of which is fixed relative to the swinging arm and the other part of which is integral with the wheel, is mounted for rotation relative to the first part, this first part being moreover pivotally mounted in the direction relative to to the axis of rotation.
  • the device In order to direct this first part relative to the axis of rotation integral with the swinging arm, the device provides a fork fixed to this first part, the upper end of which is connected to the steering, in this case a handlebar, by a set of two triangles hinged to each other by their apex, their free ends being integral with the direction for one and the upper end of the fork for the other with interposition of cardan shafts to allow rotation of the different elements whatever the steering angle.
  • the steering in this case a handlebar
  • This device is also supplemented by a strut, interposed between the frame and the upper end of said fork so that the assembly constitutes substantially a deformable quadrilateral, this strut also ensuring the function of casing for transmission to the front wheel.
  • a strut interposed between the frame and the upper end of said fork so that the assembly constitutes substantially a deformable quadrilateral, this strut also ensuring the function of casing for transmission to the front wheel.
  • tensioners have a complexity which prohibits the practical implementation of such a device, which would make it unreliable and which would be very costly to produce. Such a device is totally unsuitable for current needs.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the devices of the prior art by dissociating the suspension and steering functions while combining the various mechanical elements making it possible to obtain these functions.
  • the directional suspension device according to the invention is simple, inexpensive, easy to access, compact, light, moreover it allows a large turning angle as well as the mounting of the front wheel on a single-arm or two-arm fork. .
  • the directional suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle comprises a frame supporting the engine, a fork, a front wheel rotatably mounted at the lower end of this fork, a leg force interposed between the fork and the frame as well as a transmission interposed between the engine and the front wheel, passing through the strut, which constitutes a casing and this device is characterized in that it comprises first guide means of the fork in the plane of the motorcycle, interposed between the upper end of the front fork and the frame and second means for guiding said fork in rotation about the steering axis.
  • the directional suspension device is characterized in that the first guide means comprise a triangle whose free arms are mounted for rotation about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the motorcycle, integral with the frame and whose tip is articulated with at least two degrees of freedom from the upper end of the fork.
  • the branches of the triangle include lights for the passage of the second guide means.
  • the second guide means comprise a lifter interposed between at least one upper link connected by its free end to the steering and at least one lower link connected by its free end to the upper end of the fork.
  • each lower link crosses the corresponding light formed in each of the branches of the triangle.
  • the spreader is rotatably mounted relative to the frame and the ends of the rods are provided with ball joints.
  • the front fork comprises a universal joint whose free ends are integral with a driven pinion driven by a first transmission housed in the strut and a driving pinion which drives the front wheel at by means of a second transmission housed in the fork.
  • the first transmission housed in the strut comprises a unidirectional clutch driven by a third transmission in direct engagement with the engine and the second transmission housed in the fork comprises braking means acting directly on the driven pinion of the second transmission.
  • FIG. 1 represents a side elevation view of the front of a motorcycle fitted with the directional suspension device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents a top view of the directional suspension device according to line 2-2 of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 represents a sectional view along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, with the exception of the lower part, and
  • FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of this lower part along line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a motorcycle 10, comprising a frame 12, provided with a direction 14, a front fork 16 on which is mounted the front wheel 18, a strut 20 and a directional suspension device 22.
  • the frame 12 known in itself, supports a motor 24, as well as the steering 14 which itself includes a handlebar 26.
  • This handlebar is rotatably mounted relative to a steering column 28, the steering axis 30 making projection at the bottom of the steering column below the frame 12.
  • the strut 20 comprises a casing 32 and lateral stiffeners 34. Inside the casing 32 is housed the first transmission 36 driven by a driving pinion 38, shown in detail on the cutaway part of FIG. 2.
  • This first transmission comprises a chain which cooperates with a bevel gear 40 carried by the fork 16.
  • This angle gear comprises a universal joint 42, the ends 44 and 46 of which are rotatably mounted respectively with respect to the casing 32 by means of the bearings 48 and with respect to the fork 16 by means of the bearings 50 and carrying respectively a driven pinion 52 and a pinion leading 54.
  • the base 33 is, in turn, rotatably mounted relative to the housing 32 by means of the bearings 56 so that the housing 32 can pivot in the plane of the motorcycle relative to the axis 58.
  • the base 33 is also rotatably mounted around the axis 58 thanks to the upper and lower bearings 60 housed in the fork.
  • the second transmission 62 comprises the driving pinion 54 as well as a driven pinion 64, shown in detail in FIG. 4.
  • This pinion 64 is mounted on a spindle 66, wheel support and rotatably mounted thanks to the needle and ball bearings 70 so as to ensure the rotation of the wheel about the axis 72.
  • a braking device 74 is fixed on the fork 16 and the jaws 76 of this braking device exert their pressure directly on the periphery of the pinion 64.
  • the fork 16 comprises a plate 78 provided with two lateral wings 80 and a central pivot 82, shown in detail in FIG. 3.
  • a plate 84 is rotatably mounted relative to the pivot 82 thanks to a bearing 86 centered on axis 58.
  • the directional suspension device also comprises a triangle 88 whose free arms 90 are fixed to the frame as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the tip 92 of the triangle is fixed to the upper end of the fork 16 and this tip is more particularly rotatably mounted relative to a horizontal axis 94 perpendicular to the axis 58 by means of bearings 96 connected to the plate 84 by screws 98.
  • This triangle moves in the plane of the motorcycle and pivots around the axis 100 shown in Figure 2 which provides the connection with the frame.
  • These branches 90 are each provided with a light 102 through which pass lower steering rods 104, one of the ends 106 of which is fixed to the wings of the plate 78 while the other end 108 is fixed to a lower bar 110 of a spreader 112 rotatably mounted relative to the frame around an axis 114 as shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
  • the ends of these lower links 104 are provided with a ball joint assembly making it possible to produce a deformable quadrilateral whose two-by-two parallel sides consist respectively of these lower links 104 and of the lower arm 110 of the lifter 112 and of the plate 78 .
  • the lifter 112 also includes an upper bar 116 substantially parallel to the lower bar 110. At the ends of this upper bar 116 are fixed the ends 118 of the upper rods 120 of direction whose other end, as shown in Figure 1 , is fixed on 1 axis 30 of the steering column 28. In order to maintain the spacing of these upper steering rods., the steering axis 30 also comprises an operating arm 122, the ends of the upper rods 120 provided with ball joints being fixed to the ends of this operating arm.
  • the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 further comprises a one-way clutch 124 comprising a driven pinion 126 which drives the shaft 128 supporting the driving pinion 38 only when the speeds of the rear wheel and the front wheel are different.
  • a clutch known to those skilled in the art can be of the centrifugal type.
  • a damping element 11, shown in FIG. 1, is provided on this directional suspension, interposed between the strut 20 and more particularly the stiffener 34 and the frame 12.
  • This damping element shown schematically in this figure can also be interposed between the triangle 88 and this same strut 20 or even between the branches 90 of the triangle 88 and the frame 12, these variants being part of the invention.
  • the fork 16 rises by deforming the quadrilateral formed by the branches 90 of the triangle 88 and the strut 20, in association with the frame. This effort is countered by the suspension device 11. Guiding is provided by the strut 20, and more particularly by the stiffeners 34 as well as the branches 90 of the triangle 88 of directional suspension.
  • the rotation is obtained by the movements of the handlebar 26 which rotates within the steering column 28 causing displacements of the rods 120 which in turn cause the upper part 116 of the spreader 112 to rotate, which pivot about the axis 114, causes the rotation of the lower bar 110.
  • the rotation of the bar 110 around this axis 114 in turn causes the displacement of the lower steering rods 104 which in turn rotate the front fork 16 around the axis 58.
  • These steering rods 104 pass through the slots 102 of the branches 90 of the triangle 88 of the directional suspension device according to the invention.
  • the branches 90 can only pivot in the plane of the motorcycle around the axis 100.
  • the transmission is provided by the strut 20 and the driven sprockets 52 and leading 54 of the gimbal 42.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de suspension directionnelle pour motocyclette à deux roues motrices comprenant un cadre (12) supportant un moteur (14), une roue avant (18) montée à rotation à l'extrémité inférieure d'une fourche (16), une jambe de force (20) interposée entre la fourche (16) et le cadre (12) et une transmission interposée entre le moteur et la roue avant, passant par la jambe de force formant carter, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de guidage (88) de la fourche (16) dans le plan de la motocyclette interposés entre l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche avant et le cadre, et des seconds moyens de guidage (104, 116, 120) de ladite fourche en rotation autour de l'axe de direction (58).Directional suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle comprising a frame (12) supporting a motor (14), a front wheel (18) rotatably mounted at the lower end of a fork (16), a strut ( 20) interposed between the fork (16) and the frame (12) and a transmission interposed between the engine and the front wheel, passing through the casing strut, characterized in that it comprises guide means (88) of the fork (16) in the plane of the motorcycle interposed between the upper end of the front fork and the frame, and second guide means (104, 116, 120) of said fork in rotation about the axis of direction (58).

Description

Dispositif de suspension directionnelle pour πotocyclette à deux roues motrices.  Directional suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle.
La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de suspension directionnelle pour motocyclette à deux roues motrices. The present invention relates to a directional suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle.
On connaît des dispositifs de suspension pour motocyclette à deux roues motrices, notamment dans la demande de brevet PCT FR 88 00073. Ce dispositif de suspension comprend un bras oscillant relié d'une part au cadre et d'autre part à l'axe de rotation d'un moyeu directionnel dont une partie est fixe par rapport au bras oscillant et dont l'autre partie, solidaire de la roue, est montée à rotation par rapport à la première partie, cette première partie étant de plus montée pivotante en direction par rapport à l'axe de rotation.  Suspension devices for two-wheel drive motorcycles are known, in particular in PCT patent application FR 88 00073. This suspension device comprises an oscillating arm connected on the one hand to the frame and on the other hand to the axis of rotation. a directional hub, one part of which is fixed relative to the swinging arm and the other part of which is integral with the wheel, is mounted for rotation relative to the first part, this first part being moreover pivotally mounted in the direction relative to to the axis of rotation.
De façon à diriger cette première partie par rapport à l'axe de rotation solidaire du bras oscillant, le dispositif prévoit une fourche fixée à cette première partie dont l'extrémité supérieure est reliée à la direction, en l'occurrence un guidon, par un ensemble de deux triangles articulés l'un à l'autre par leur sommet, leurs extrémités libres étant solidaires de la direction pour l'un et de l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche pour l'autre avec interposition de cardans pour permettre la rotation des différents éléments quel que soit l'angle de braquage. In order to direct this first part relative to the axis of rotation integral with the swinging arm, the device provides a fork fixed to this first part, the upper end of which is connected to the steering, in this case a handlebar, by a set of two triangles hinged to each other by their apex, their free ends being integral with the direction for one and the upper end of the fork for the other with interposition of cardan shafts to allow rotation of the different elements whatever the steering angle.
Ce dispositif est également complété par une jambe de force, interposée entre le cadre et l'extrémité supérieure de ladite fourche de façon que l'ensemble constitue sensiblement un quadrilatère déformable, cette jambe de force assurant également la fonction de carter pour la transmission vers la roue avant. Un tel dispositif donne toute satisfaction de fonctionnement mais il a un inconvénient qui est celui d'alourdir la masse non suspendue et de limiter les possibilités de braquage. De plus, ce système peut rendre, dans certains cas, le train avant trop encombrant. This device is also supplemented by a strut, interposed between the frame and the upper end of said fork so that the assembly constitutes substantially a deformable quadrilateral, this strut also ensuring the function of casing for transmission to the front wheel. Such a device gives all satisfaction of operation but it has a drawback which is that of increasing the unsprung mass and limiting the possibilities of turning. In addition, this system can make the front axle too bulky in certain cases.
D'autres dispositifs de suspension pour motocyclette à deux roues motrices ont été proposés dans l'art antérieur et notamment celui de la demande française FR 2 628 055 qui prévoit un système de fourche télescopique avec de nombreux tendeurs de chaîne permettant la transmission de la motricité sur la roue avant.  Other suspension devices for two-wheel drive motorcycles have been proposed in the prior art and in particular that of French application FR 2 628 055 which provides a telescopic fork system with numerous chain tensioners allowing the transmission of motor skills. on the front wheel.
Les tendeurs présentent une complexité qui interdit la mise en oeuvre pratique d'un tel dispositif, qui le rendrait peu fiable et qui serait d'un coût de réalisation très élevé. Un tel dispositif est totalement inadapté aux besoins actuels. The tensioners have a complexity which prohibits the practical implementation of such a device, which would make it unreliable and which would be very costly to produce. Such a device is totally unsuitable for current needs.
La présente invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients des dispositifs de l'art antérieur en dissociant les fonctions suspension et direction tout en combinant les différents éléments mécaniques permettant d'obtenir ces fonctions. The present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the devices of the prior art by dissociating the suspension and steering functions while combining the various mechanical elements making it possible to obtain these functions.
Le dispositif de suspension directionnelle selon l'invention est simple, peu coûteux, d'un accès facile peu encombrant, léger, de plus il autorise un angle de braquage important ainsi que le montage de la roue avant sur une fourche monobras ou à deux bras. The directional suspension device according to the invention is simple, inexpensive, easy to access, compact, light, moreover it allows a large turning angle as well as the mounting of the front wheel on a single-arm or two-arm fork. .
A cette fin le dispositif de suspension directionnelle pour motocyclette à deux roues motrices selon l'invention comprend un cadre supportant le moteur, une fourche, une roue avant montée à rotation à l'extrémité inférieure de cette fourche, une jambe de force interposée entre la fourche et le cadre ainsi qu'une transmission interposée entre le moteur et la roue avant, passant par la jambe de force, qui constitue un carter et ce dispositif se caractérise en ce qu'il comprend des premiers moyens de guidage de la fourche dans le plan de la motocyclette, interposés entre l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche avant et le cadre et des seconds moyens de guidage en rotation de ladite fourche autour de l'axe de direction. To this end, the directional suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle according to the invention comprises a frame supporting the engine, a fork, a front wheel rotatably mounted at the lower end of this fork, a leg force interposed between the fork and the frame as well as a transmission interposed between the engine and the front wheel, passing through the strut, which constitutes a casing and this device is characterized in that it comprises first guide means of the fork in the plane of the motorcycle, interposed between the upper end of the front fork and the frame and second means for guiding said fork in rotation about the steering axis.
Selon une autre caractéristique, le dispositif de suspension directionnelle se caractérise en ce que les premiers moyens de guidage comprennent un triangle dont les branches libres sont montées à rotation autour d'un axe perpendiculaire au plan de la motocyclette, solidaire du cadre et dont la pointe est articulée avec au moins deux degrés de liberté par rapport à l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche.  According to another characteristic, the directional suspension device is characterized in that the first guide means comprise a triangle whose free arms are mounted for rotation about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the motorcycle, integral with the frame and whose tip is articulated with at least two degrees of freedom from the upper end of the fork.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, les branches du triangle comportent des lumières pour le passage des seconds moyens de guidage. According to a particular embodiment, the branches of the triangle include lights for the passage of the second guide means.
Selon le mode de réalisation principal, les seconds moyens de guidage comprennent un palonnier interposé entre au moins une biellette supérieure reliée par son extrémité libre à la direction et au moins une biellette inférieure reliée par son extrémité libre à l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche. According to the main embodiment, the second guide means comprise a lifter interposed between at least one upper link connected by its free end to the steering and at least one lower link connected by its free end to the upper end of the fork.
Selon une caractéristique particulière, chaque biellette inférieure traverse la lumière correspondante ménagée dans chacune des branches du triangle. According to a particular characteristic, each lower link crosses the corresponding light formed in each of the branches of the triangle.
Le palonnier est monté à rotation par rapport au cadre et les extrémités des biellettes sont munies de rotules. The spreader is rotatably mounted relative to the frame and the ends of the rods are provided with ball joints.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, la fourche avant comprend un cardan de renvoi dont les extrémités libres sont solidaires d'un pignon mené entraîné par une première transmission logée dans la jambe de force et d'un pignon menant qui entraîne la roue avant au moyen d'une seconde transmission logée dans la fourche.  According to a characteristic of the invention, the front fork comprises a universal joint whose free ends are integral with a driven pinion driven by a first transmission housed in the strut and a driving pinion which drives the front wheel at by means of a second transmission housed in the fork.
Selon une variante, la première transmission logée dans la jambe de force comprend un embrayage unidirectionnel entraîné par une troisième transmission en prise directe sur le moteur et la seconde transmission logée dans la fourche comprend des moyens de freinage agissant directement sur le pignon mené de la seconde transmission. According to a variant, the first transmission housed in the strut comprises a unidirectional clutch driven by a third transmission in direct engagement with the engine and the second transmission housed in the fork comprises braking means acting directly on the driven pinion of the second transmission.
La présente invention est décrite ci-après selon un mode de réalisation particulier en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :  The present invention is described below according to a particular embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- la figure 1 représente une vue en élévation latérale de l'avant d'une motocyclette munie du dispositif de suspension directionnelle selon l'invention, FIG. 1 represents a side elevation view of the front of a motorcycle fitted with the directional suspension device according to the invention,
- la figure 2 représente une vue de dessus du dispositif de suspension directionnelle selon la ligne 2-2 de la figure 1,  FIG. 2 represents a top view of the directional suspension device according to line 2-2 of FIG. 1,
- la figure 3 représente une vue en coupe selon la ligne 3-3 de la figure 2, à l'exception de la partie inférieure, et  FIG. 3 represents a sectional view along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, with the exception of the lower part, and
- la figure 4 représente une vue en coupe de cette partie inférieure selon la ligne 3-3 de la figure 2. FIG. 4 represents a sectional view of this lower part along line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
Sur la figure 1 on a représenté une motocyclette 10, comprenant un cadre 12, muni d'une direction 14, d'une fourche avant 16 sur laquelle est montée la roue avant 18, une jambe de force 20 et un dispositif de suspension directionnelle 22. In Figure 1 there is shown a motorcycle 10, comprising a frame 12, provided with a direction 14, a front fork 16 on which is mounted the front wheel 18, a strut 20 and a directional suspension device 22.
Le cadre 12, connu en lui-mfme, supporte un moteur 24, ainsi que la direction 14 qui comprend elle- même un guidon 26. Ce guidon est monté rotatif par rapport à une colonne de direction 28, l'axe de direction 30 faisant saillie à la partie inférieure de la colonne de direction en-dessous du cadre 12. La jambe de force 20 comprend un carter 32 et des raidisseurs latéraux 34. A l'intérieur du carter 32 est logé la première transmission 36 entraînée par un pignon menant 38, représenté en détail sur la partie arrachée de la figure 2. Cette première transmission comprend une chaîne qui coopère avec un renvoi d'angle 40 porté par la fourche 16.  The frame 12, known in itself, supports a motor 24, as well as the steering 14 which itself includes a handlebar 26. This handlebar is rotatably mounted relative to a steering column 28, the steering axis 30 making projection at the bottom of the steering column below the frame 12. The strut 20 comprises a casing 32 and lateral stiffeners 34. Inside the casing 32 is housed the first transmission 36 driven by a driving pinion 38, shown in detail on the cutaway part of FIG. 2. This first transmission comprises a chain which cooperates with a bevel gear 40 carried by the fork 16.
Ce renvoi d'angle est représenté en détail sur la coupe de la figure 3. This angle reference is shown in detail in the section of FIG. 3.
Ce renvoi d'angle comprend un cardan 42, dont les extrémités 44 et 46 sont montées rotatives respectivement par rapport au carter 32 grâce aux roulements 48 et par rapport à la fourche 16 grâce aux roulements 50 et portant respectivement un pignon mené 52 et un pignon menant 54. L'embase 33 est, quant à elle, montée rotative par rapport au carter 32 grâce aux roulements 56 de façon que le carter 32 puisse pivoter dans le plan de la motocyclette par rapport à l'axe 58. L'embase 33 est également montée à rotation autour de l'axe 58 grâce aux roulements supérieur et inférieur 60 logés dans la fourche. This angle gear comprises a universal joint 42, the ends 44 and 46 of which are rotatably mounted respectively with respect to the casing 32 by means of the bearings 48 and with respect to the fork 16 by means of the bearings 50 and carrying respectively a driven pinion 52 and a pinion leading 54. The base 33 is, in turn, rotatably mounted relative to the housing 32 by means of the bearings 56 so that the housing 32 can pivot in the plane of the motorcycle relative to the axis 58. The base 33 is also rotatably mounted around the axis 58 thanks to the upper and lower bearings 60 housed in the fork.
La seconde transmission 62 comprend le pignon menant 54 ainsi qu'un pignon mené 64, représenté en détail sur la figure 4. Ce pignon 64 est monté sur une fusée 66, support de roue et montée rotative g râce aux roulements à aiguilles et à billes 70 de façon à assurer la rotation de la roue autour de l'axe 72. The second transmission 62 comprises the driving pinion 54 as well as a driven pinion 64, shown in detail in FIG. 4. This pinion 64 is mounted on a spindle 66, wheel support and rotatably mounted thanks to the needle and ball bearings 70 so as to ensure the rotation of the wheel about the axis 72.
Un dispositif de freinage 74 est fixé sur la fourche 16 et les mâchoires 76 de ce dispositif de freinage exercent leur pression directement sur la périphérie du pignon 64. A braking device 74 is fixed on the fork 16 and the jaws 76 of this braking device exert their pressure directly on the periphery of the pinion 64.
A sa partie supérieure, la fourche 16 comprend une platine 78 munie de deux ailes latérales 80 et d'un pivot central 82, représentés en détail sur la figure 3. Une platine 84 est montée à rotation par rapport au pivot 82 grâce à un roulement 86 centré sur l'axe 58. At its upper part, the fork 16 comprises a plate 78 provided with two lateral wings 80 and a central pivot 82, shown in detail in FIG. 3. A plate 84 is rotatably mounted relative to the pivot 82 thanks to a bearing 86 centered on axis 58.
Le dispositif de suspension directionnelle selon l'invention comprend également un triangle 88 dont les branches libres 90 sont fixées au cadre ainsi que cela est représenté sur les figures 1 et 2. La pointe 92 du triangle est fixée à l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche 16 et cette pointe est plus particulièrement montée à rotation par rapport à un axe horizontal 94 perpendiculaire à l'axe 58 grâce à des paliers 96 reliés à la platine 84 par des vis 98. Ce triangle se déplace dans le plan de la motocyclette et pivote autour de l'axe 100 représenté figure 2 qui assure la liaison avec le cadre. Ces branches 90 sont munies chacune d'une lumière 102 à travers lesquelles passent des biellettes inférieures de direction 104 dont l'une des extrémités 106 est fixée sur les ailes de la platine 78 tandis que l'autre extrémité 108 est fixée sur une barre inférieure 110 d'un palonnier 112 monté rotatif par rapport au cadre autour d'un axe 114 ainsi que le montre plus en détail la figure 2. Les extrémités de ces biellettes inférieures 104 sont munies d'un montage à rotules permettant de réaliser un quadrilatère déformable dont les côtés parallèles deux à deux sont constitués respectivement de ces biellettes inférieures 104 et du bras inférieur 110 du palonnier 112 ainsi que de la platine 78. The directional suspension device according to the invention also comprises a triangle 88 whose free arms 90 are fixed to the frame as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The tip 92 of the triangle is fixed to the upper end of the fork 16 and this tip is more particularly rotatably mounted relative to a horizontal axis 94 perpendicular to the axis 58 by means of bearings 96 connected to the plate 84 by screws 98. This triangle moves in the plane of the motorcycle and pivots around the axis 100 shown in Figure 2 which provides the connection with the frame. These branches 90 are each provided with a light 102 through which pass lower steering rods 104, one of the ends 106 of which is fixed to the wings of the plate 78 while the other end 108 is fixed to a lower bar 110 of a spreader 112 rotatably mounted relative to the frame around an axis 114 as shown in more detail in FIG. 2. The ends of these lower links 104 are provided with a ball joint assembly making it possible to produce a deformable quadrilateral whose two-by-two parallel sides consist respectively of these lower links 104 and of the lower arm 110 of the lifter 112 and of the plate 78 .
Le palonnier 112 comprend également une barre supérieure 116 sensiblement parallèle à la barre inférieure 110. Aux extrémités de cette barre supérieure 116 sont fixées les extrémités 118 des biellettes supérieures 120 de direction dont l'autre extrémité, ainsi que cela est représenté sur la figure 1, est fixée sur 1 axe 30 de la colonne de direction 28. Afin de maintenir l'écartement de ces biellettes supérieures de direction., l'axe 30 de direction comprend également un bras de manoeuvre 122, les extrémités des biellettes supérieures 120 munies de rotules étant fixées aux extrémités de ce bras de manoeuvre.  The lifter 112 also includes an upper bar 116 substantially parallel to the lower bar 110. At the ends of this upper bar 116 are fixed the ends 118 of the upper rods 120 of direction whose other end, as shown in Figure 1 , is fixed on 1 axis 30 of the steering column 28. In order to maintain the spacing of these upper steering rods., the steering axis 30 also comprises an operating arm 122, the ends of the upper rods 120 provided with ball joints being fixed to the ends of this operating arm.
Le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 à 4 comprend en outre un embrayage unidirectionnel 124 comprenant un pignon mené 126 qui n'entraîne l'arbre 128 supportant le pignon menant 38 que lorsque les vitesses de la roue arrière et de la roue avant sont différentes. Un tel embrayage connu de l'homme de métier peut être du type centrifuge. De plus, il est prévu sur cette suspension directionnelle un élément amortisseur 11, représenté sur la figure 1, interposé entre la jambe de force 20 et plus particulièrement le raidisseur 34 et le cadre 12.  The embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4 further comprises a one-way clutch 124 comprising a driven pinion 126 which drives the shaft 128 supporting the driving pinion 38 only when the speeds of the rear wheel and the front wheel are different. Such a clutch known to those skilled in the art can be of the centrifugal type. In addition, a damping element 11, shown in FIG. 1, is provided on this directional suspension, interposed between the strut 20 and more particularly the stiffener 34 and the frame 12.
Cet élément amortisseur représenté schématiquement sur cette figure peut également être interposé entre le triangle 88 et cette même jambe de force 20 ou même entre les branches 90 du triangle 88 et le cadre 12, ces variantes faisant partie de l'invention. This damping element shown schematically in this figure can also be interposed between the triangle 88 and this same strut 20 or even between the branches 90 of the triangle 88 and the frame 12, these variants being part of the invention.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif selon l'invention est décrit ci-après. The operation of the device according to the invention is described below.
Lorsque la roue avant 18 rencontre un obstacle, la fourche 16 remonte en déformant le quadrilatère constitué par les branches 90 du triangle 88 et la jambe de force 20, en association avec le cadre. Cet effort est contré par le dispositif de suspension 11. Le guidage est assuré par la jambe de force 20, et plus particulièrement par les raidisseurs 34 ainsi que les branches 90 du triangle 88 de suspension directionnelle.  When the front wheel 18 encounters an obstacle, the fork 16 rises by deforming the quadrilateral formed by the branches 90 of the triangle 88 and the strut 20, in association with the frame. This effort is countered by the suspension device 11. Guiding is provided by the strut 20, and more particularly by the stiffeners 34 as well as the branches 90 of the triangle 88 of directional suspension.
Par ailleurs, la rotation est obtenue par les mouvements du guidon 26 qui tourne au sein de la colonne de direction 28 en provoquant des déplacements des biellettes 120 qui entraînent à leur tour en rotation la partie supérieure 116 du palonnier 112 qui, pivotant autour de l'axe 114, provoque la rotation de la barre inférieure 110. La rotation de la barre 110 autour de cet axe 114 provoque à son tour le déplacement des biellettes inférieures de direction 104 qui à leur tour mettent en rotation la fourche avant 16 autour de l'axe 58. Ces biellettes de direction 104 passent à travers les lumières 102 des branches 90 du triangle 88 du dispositif de suspension directionnelle selon l'invention.  Furthermore, the rotation is obtained by the movements of the handlebar 26 which rotates within the steering column 28 causing displacements of the rods 120 which in turn cause the upper part 116 of the spreader 112 to rotate, which pivot about the axis 114, causes the rotation of the lower bar 110. The rotation of the bar 110 around this axis 114 in turn causes the displacement of the lower steering rods 104 which in turn rotate the front fork 16 around the axis 58. These steering rods 104 pass through the slots 102 of the branches 90 of the triangle 88 of the directional suspension device according to the invention.
En effet, les branches 90 ne peuvent pivoter que dans le plan de la moto autour de l'axe 100.  In fact, the branches 90 can only pivot in the plane of the motorcycle around the axis 100.
Durant les différents mouvements de suspension et de rotation autour de l'axe 58, la transmission est assurée par la jambe de force 20 et les pignons mené 52 et menant 54 du cardan 42. During the various suspension and rotation movements around axis 58, the transmission is provided by the strut 20 and the driven sprockets 52 and leading 54 of the gimbal 42.
De nombreuses variantes peuvent être envisagées quant aux moyens d'entraînement en rotation de la fourche avant et le palonnier pourrait être remplacé par un jeu de deux bras formant un compas et munis d'articulations notamment.  Many variants can be envisaged with regard to the means for driving the front fork in rotation and the lifter could be replaced by a set of two arms forming a compass and provided with joints in particular.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de suspension directionnelle pour motocyclette à deux roues motrices comprenant un cadre (12) supportant un moteur (14), une roue avant (18) montée à rotation à l'extrémité inférieure d'une fourche (16), une jambe de force (20) interposée entre la fourche (16) et le cadre (12) et une transmission interposée entre le moteur et la roue avant, passant par la jambe de force formant carter caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de guidage (88) de la fourche (16) dans le plan de la motocyclette interposés entre l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche avant et le cadre et des seconds moyens de guidage (104, 116, 120) de ladite fourche en rotation autour de l'axe de direction (58).  1. Directional suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle comprising a frame (12) supporting a motor (14), a front wheel (18) rotatably mounted at the lower end of a fork (16), a strut force (20) interposed between the fork (16) and the frame (12) and a transmission interposed between the motor and the front wheel, passing through the strut forming a casing characterized in that it comprises guide means (88 ) of the fork (16) in the plane of the motorcycle interposed between the upper end of the front fork and the frame and second guide means (104, 116, 120) of said fork in rotation about the axis of direction (58).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les premiers moyens de guidage comprennent un triangle (88) dont les branches libres (90) sont montées à rotation autour d'un axe (100) perpendiculaire au plan de la motocyclette, solidaire du cadre et dont la pointe (92) est articulée avec au moins deux degrés de liberté par rapport à l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche avant (16).  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first guide means comprise a triangle (88) whose free branches (90) are mounted for rotation about an axis (100) perpendicular to the plane of the motorcycle, integral of the frame and the tip (92) of which is articulated with at least two degrees of freedom relative to the upper end of the front fork (16).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les branches (90) comportent des lumières (102) pour le passage des seconds moyens de guidage.  3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the branches (90) include lights (102) for the passage of the second guide means.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les seconds moyens de guidage comprennent un palonnier (116) interposé entre au moins une biellette supérieure (120) reliée par son extrémité libre a la direction et au moins une biellette inférieure (104) reliée par son extrémité libre à l'extrémité supérieure de la fourche. 4. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the second guide means comprise a lifter (116) interposed between at least one upper link (120) connected by its free end to the direction and to minus a lower link (104) connected by its free end to the upper end of the fork.
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la biellette inférieure (104) traverse la lumière (102) ménagée dans les branches (90) du triangle.  5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower link (104) passes through the light (102) formed in the branches (90) of the triangle.
6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le palonnier (116) est monté à rotation par rapport au cadre.  6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifter (116) is mounted for rotation relative to the frame.
7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités (106, 108, 118) des biellettes sont munies de rotules.  7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends (106, 108, 118) of the rods are provided with ball joints.
8. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la fourche (116) comprend un cardan (48) de renvoi dont les extrémités libres (44, 46) sont solidaires respectivement d'un pignon mené (52) entraîné par une première transmission (36) logée dans la jambe de force (20) et d'un pignon menant (54) qui entraîne la roue avant (18) au moyen d'une seconde transmission (62) logée dans la fourche.  8. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fork (116) comprises a universal joint (48) of deflection of which the free ends (44, 46) are secured respectively to a driven pinion (52) driven by a first transmission (36) housed in the strut (20) and a driving pinion (54) which drives the front wheel (18) by means of a second transmission (62) housed in the fork.
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première transmission (36) logée dans la jambe de force comprend un embrayage unidirectionnel (124) entraîné par une troisième transmission en prise directe sur le moteur.  9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first transmission (36) housed in the strut comprises a one-way clutch (124) driven by a third transmission in direct engagement with the engine.
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la seconde transmission logée dans la fourche comprend des moyens de freinage (74) agissant directement sur le pignon mené de ladite seconde transmission. 10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second transmission housed in the fork comprises braking means (74) acting directly on the driven pinion of said second transmission.
EP19900914194 1989-09-20 1990-09-19 Steering suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle Withdrawn EP0493460A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8912445 1989-09-20
FR8912445A FR2652053A1 (en) 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Moped with one or two driving wheels, with suspension by superimposed wishbones, and steering by a swinging bar
FR8915157 1989-11-16
FR8915157 1989-11-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0493460A1 true EP0493460A1 (en) 1992-07-08

Family

ID=26227566

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900914194 Withdrawn EP0493460A1 (en) 1989-09-20 1990-09-19 Steering suspension device for a two-wheel drive motorcycle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0493460A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05500487A (en)
WO (1) WO1991004187A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2772681B1 (en) * 1997-12-22 2000-03-10 Cyrille Yves Rigo KIT SOUND DEVICE FOR TRANSFORMING A MOTORCYCLE WITH ONE DRIVE WHEEL INTO A MOTORCYCLE WITH TWO DRIVE WHEELS
US8042641B2 (en) * 2009-02-09 2011-10-25 Lawson Martin E All wheel drive motorcycle
FR3125502B1 (en) * 2021-07-21 2024-10-11 Motowatt Fork system of a motorcycle.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2121364B (en) * 1982-04-26 1985-11-13 Norman Hugh Hossack Motorcycle suspension
ATE114568T1 (en) * 1987-02-09 1994-12-15 Franck Jean Savard MOTORCYCLE WITH FRONT WHEEL DRIVE AND STEERING WITH TOWBAR.
FR2628055B1 (en) * 1988-03-02 1992-04-03 Decouroux Robert DEVICE FOR JOINING THE ROTATION OF THE MOTION AND TENSION OF THE CHAIN FOR A FRONT-WHEEL DRIVE MOTORCYCLE

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9104187A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05500487A (en) 1993-02-04
WO1991004187A1 (en) 1991-04-04

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