EP0489858B1 - Structures de semelle de chaussure utilisant un plan de stabilite theoriquement ideal - Google Patents

Structures de semelle de chaussure utilisant un plan de stabilite theoriquement ideal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0489858B1
EP0489858B1 EP90914318A EP90914318A EP0489858B1 EP 0489858 B1 EP0489858 B1 EP 0489858B1 EP 90914318 A EP90914318 A EP 90914318A EP 90914318 A EP90914318 A EP 90914318A EP 0489858 B1 EP0489858 B1 EP 0489858B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sole
shoe
foot
shoe sole
natural
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90914318A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0489858A1 (fr
Inventor
Frampton E. Ellis Iii
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/143—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form provided with wedged, concave or convex end portions, e.g. for improving roll-off of the foot
    • A43B13/146—Concave end portions, e.g. with a cavity or cut-out portion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/143—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form provided with wedged, concave or convex end portions, e.g. for improving roll-off of the foot
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/143—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form provided with wedged, concave or convex end portions, e.g. for improving roll-off of the foot
    • A43B13/145—Convex portions, e.g. with a bump or projection, e.g. 'Masai' type shoes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/143—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form provided with wedged, concave or convex end portions, e.g. for improving roll-off of the foot
    • A43B13/148—Wedged end portions

Definitions

  • Fig. 1 shows in a real illustration a foot 27 in position for a new biomechanical test that is the basis for the discovery that ankle sprains are in fact unnatural for the bare foot.
  • the test simulates a lateral ankle sprain, where the foot 27 - on the ground 43 - rolls or tilts to the outside, to the extreme end of its normal range of motion, which is usually about 20 degrees at the heel 29, as shown in a rear view of a bare (right) heel in Fig. 1.
  • Lateral (inversion) sprains are the most common ankle sprains, accounting for about three-fourths of all.
  • the Stationary Sprain Simulation Test clearly identifies what can be no less than a fundamental flaw in existing shoe design. It demonstrates conclusively that nature's biomechanical system, the bare foot, is far superior in stability to man's artificial shoe design. Unfortunately, it also demonstrates that the shoe's severe instability overpowers the natural stability of the human foot and synthetically creates a combined biomechanical system that is artificially unstable. The shoe is the weak link.
  • the new Stationary Sprain Simulation Test provides a natural yardstick, totally missing until now, to determine whether any given shoe allows the foot within it to function naturally. If a shoe cannot pass this simple litmus test, it is positive proof that a particular shoe is interfering with natural foot and ankle biomechanics. The only question is the exact extent of the interference beyond that demonstrated by the new test.
  • the applicant's designs are the only designs with shoe soles thick enough to provide cushioning (thin-soled and heel-less moccasins do pass the test, but do not provide cushioning and only moderate protection) that will provide naturally stable performance, like the bare foot, in the Stationary Sprain Simulation Test.
  • the slipping of the foot within the shoe is caused by the natural tendency of the foot to slide down the typically flat surface of the tilted shoe sole; the more the tilt, the stronger the tendency.
  • the heel is shown in Fig. 2 because of its primary importance in sprains due to its direct physical connection to the ankle ligaments that are torn in an ankle sprain and also because of the heel's predominant role within the foot in bearing body weight.
  • Fig. 3B show that the full force of body weight 133 is split at 45 degrees of tilt into two equal components: supported 135 and unsupported 136, each equal to .707 of full body weight 133.
  • the two vertical components 137 and 138 of body weight 133 are both equal to .50 of full body weight.
  • the ground reaction force 134 is equal to the vertical component 137 of the supported component 135.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an approach to minimize structurally the destabilizing lever arm 32 and therefore the potential torque problem.
  • the finishing edge of the shoe sole 28 should be tapered gradually inward from both the top surface 30 and the bottom surface 31, in order to provide matching rounded or semi-rounded edges.
  • the upper surface 30 does not provide an unsupported portion that creates a destabilizing torque and the bottom surface 31 does not provide an unnatural pivoting edge.
  • the gap 144 between shoe sole 28 and foot sole 29 at the edge of the shoe sole can be "caulked” with exceptionally soft sole material as indicated in Fig. 7 that, in the aggregate (i.e. all the way around the edge of the shoe sole), will help position the foot in the shoe sole.
  • it will deform easily so as not to form an unnatural lever causing a destabilizing torque.
  • the theoretically ideal stability plane for any particular individual is determined, first, by the given frontal plane cross section shoe sole thickness (s); second, by the natural shape of the individual's foot;. and, third, by the frontal plane cross section width of the individual's load-bearing footprint which is defined as the supper surface of the shoe sole that is in physical contact with and supports the human foot sole.
  • Fig. 8B shows the same fully contoured design when upright, under normal load (body weight) and therefore deformed naturally in a manner very closely paralleling the natural deformation under the same load of the foot.
  • An almost identical portion of the foot sole that is flattened in deformation is also flattened in deformation in the shoe sole.
  • Fig. 8C shows the same design when tilted outward 20 degrees laterally, the normal barefoot limit; with virtually equal accuracy it shows the opposite foot tilted 20 degrees inward, in fairly severe pronation.
  • the deformation of the shoe sole 28 again very closely parallels that of the foot, even as it tilts.
  • Fig. 8C also represents with reasonable accuracy a shoe sole design corresponding to Fig. 8B, a naturally contoured shoe sole with a conventional built-in flattening deformation, as in Fig. 14 of the above referenced WO-A-9000358 Application, except that design would have a slight crimp at 145.
  • the naturally contoured side design in Fig. 8B is a more conventional, conservative design that is a special case of the more generally fully contoured design in Fig. 8A, which is the closest to the natural form of the foot, but the least conventional.
  • Figs. 8D-8F show a stop action sequence of the applicant's fully contoured shoe sole during the normal landing and support phases of running to demonstrate the normal functioning of the natural deformation feature.
  • Fig. 8D shows the foot and shoe landing in a normal 10 degree inversion position
  • Fig 8E shows the foot and shoe after they have rolled to an upright position
  • Fig. 8F shows them having rolled inward 10 degrees in eversion, a normal pronation maximum.
  • the sequence of action illustrates clearly the natural deformation of the applicant's shoe sole design follows that of the foot very closely so that both provide a nearly equal flattened base to stabilize the foot. Comparing those figures to the same action sequence of Figs.
  • Fig. 9 shows the preferred relative density of the shoe sole, including the insole as a part, in order to maximize the shoe sole's ability to deform naturally following the natural deformation of the foot sole.
  • the softest and most flexible material 147 should be closest to the foot sole, with a progression through less soft 148 to the firmest and least flexible 149 at the outermost shoe sole layer, the bottom sole.
  • This arrangement helps to avoid the unnatural side lever arm/torque problem mentioned in the previous several figures. That problem is most severe when the shoe sole is relatively hard and nondeforming uniformly throughout the shoe sole, like most conventional street shoes, since hard material transmits the destabilizing torque most effectively by providing a rigid lever arm.
  • the relative density shown in Fig. 9 also helps to allow the shoe sole to duplicate the same kind of natural deformation exhibited by the bare foot sole in Fig. 1, since the shoe sole layers closest to the foot, and therefore with the most severe contours, have to deform the most in order to flatten like the barefoot and consequently need to be soft to do so easily.
  • This shoe sole arrangement also replicates roughly the natural barefoot, which is covered with a very tough "seri boot" outer surface (protecting a softer cushioning interior of fat pads) among primitive barefoot populations.
  • Fig. 11 features an enlarged structural support at the base of the fifth metatarsal in order to include the cuboid, which can also come into contact with the ground under arch compression in some individuals.
  • the design can provide general side support in the heel area, as in Fig. 11E or alternatively can carefully orient the stability sides in the heel area to the exact positions of the lateral calcaneal tuberosity 108 and the main base of the calcaneus 109, as in Fig. 11E' (showing heel area only of the right foot).
  • Figs. 11A-D show frontal plane cross sections of the left shoe and Fig. 11E shows a bottom view of the right foot, with flexibility axes 120, 122, 111, 112 and 113 indicated.
  • Fig. 11J shows a simple interim or low cost construction for the articulating shoe sole support element 95 for the heel (showing the heel area only of the right foot); while it is most critical and effective for the heel support element 95, it can also be used with the other elements, such as the base of the fifth metatarsal 97 and the long arch 121.
  • the heel sole element 95 shown can be a single flexible layer or a lamination of layers. When cut from a flat sheet or molded in the general pattern shown, the outer edges can be easily bent to follow the contours of the foot, particularly the sides. The shape shown allows a flat or slightly contoured heel element 95 to be attached to a highly contoured shoe upper or very thin upper sole layer like that shown in Fig. 11F.

Landscapes

  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Semelle de chaussure (28) pour une chaussure (20) ou un autre article chaussant, tel qu'une chaussure de ville ou d'athlétisme ;
    dans laquelle la semelle de chaussure (28), qui est munie d'un ou de plusieurs côtés profilés au profil naturel dans une section plane frontale donnée de la semelle, est déformable, et le côté ou les côtés sont formés dans une position qui est recourbée vers l'intérieur par rapport à la position (29) dans laquelle le côté ou les côtés profilés de la semelle de chaussure (28) se trouveraient pour se conformer à la forme profilée de la plante (29) du pied (27) du porteur de la chaussure, en réalisant ainsi un ajustement très exact qui se rapproche de celui d'une chaussure taillée sur mesure lorsque la semelle de chaussure (28) est portée.
  2. Construction de semelle de chaussure selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ladite semelle (20) maintient le pied (27) à une distance constante du sol (43), ladite distance étant l'épaisseur de la semelle de chaussure (28), même lorsque la chaussure (27) est inclinée vers le côté par un mouvement naturel du pied, tel que la pronation et la supination, qu'il soit normal ou extrême.
  3. Construction de semelle de chaussure selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ladite semelle (28) comprend une pluralité de couches (147, 148, 149) de densité progressive, une couche (147) la plus rapprochée de la plante du pied ayant la densité la plus faible, et une couche (148) plus éloignée de la plante du pied ayant une plus grande densité.
  4. Construction de semelle de chaussure selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle ladite semelle (28) comprend une pluralité de couches (147, 148, 149) de flexibilité progressive, une couche (147) la plus rapprochée de la plante du pied ayant la plus grande flexibilité et une couche (149) plus éloignée de la plante du pied ayant la flexibilité la plus faible.
EP90914318A 1989-08-30 1990-08-30 Structures de semelle de chaussure utilisant un plan de stabilite theoriquement ideal Expired - Lifetime EP0489858B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40071489A 1989-08-30 1989-08-30
US400714 1989-08-30
PCT/US1990/004917 WO1991003180A1 (fr) 1989-08-30 1990-08-30 Structures de semelle de chaussure utilisant un plan de stabilite theoriquement ideal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0489858A1 EP0489858A1 (fr) 1992-06-17
EP0489858B1 true EP0489858B1 (fr) 1997-12-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90914318A Expired - Lifetime EP0489858B1 (fr) 1989-08-30 1990-08-30 Structures de semelle de chaussure utilisant un plan de stabilite theoriquement ideal

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20020007572A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0489858B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3060033B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE161152T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6432390A (fr)
DE (1) DE69031835T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0489858T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2113349T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991003180A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2155052T3 (es) * 1989-10-03 2001-05-01 Anatomic Res Inc Suela correctora para zapatos, que utiliza un contorno mayor que el plano de estabilidad tecnico ideal.
AU4999293A (en) * 1992-08-10 1994-03-03 Frampton E. Ellis Iii Shoe sole structures
AU6156196A (en) * 1995-06-05 1996-12-24 Frampton Erroll Ellis III Shoe sole structures
AU6290796A (en) 1995-06-26 1997-01-30 Frampton Erroll Ellis III Shoe sole structures
US5974700A (en) 1997-08-21 1999-11-02 Trisport Limited Shoe cleats
US5893221A (en) * 1997-10-16 1999-04-13 Forest Footwear L.L.C. Footwear having a protuberance
US7334350B2 (en) 1999-03-16 2008-02-26 Anatomic Research, Inc Removable rounded midsole structures and chambers with computer processor-controlled variable pressure
AU4661400A (en) 1999-04-26 2000-11-10 Ellis, Frampton E. Shoe sole orthotic structures and computer controlled compartments
US7010869B1 (en) 1999-04-26 2006-03-14 Frampton E. Ellis, III Shoe sole orthotic structures and computer controlled compartments
US6990755B2 (en) 2003-10-09 2006-01-31 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear with a stretchable upper and an articulated sole structure
US8303885B2 (en) 2003-10-09 2012-11-06 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear with a stretchable upper and an articulated sole structure
US7290357B2 (en) 2003-10-09 2007-11-06 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear with an articulated sole structure
US8256147B2 (en) 2004-11-22 2012-09-04 Frampton E. Eliis Devices with internal flexibility sipes, including siped chambers for footwear
US7555851B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2009-07-07 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear having a fluid-filled chamber with flexion zones
US7752772B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2010-07-13 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear having a fluid-filled chamber with flexion zones
US7471565B2 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-12-30 Micron Technology, Inc. Reducing effects of program disturb in a memory device
US8125796B2 (en) 2007-11-21 2012-02-28 Frampton E. Ellis Devices with faraday cages and internal flexibility sipes
US8919015B2 (en) 2012-03-08 2014-12-30 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear having a sole structure with a flexible groove
US9609912B2 (en) 2012-03-23 2017-04-04 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear having a sole structure with a fluid-filled chamber
US9030335B2 (en) 2012-04-18 2015-05-12 Frampton E. Ellis Smartphones app-controlled configuration of footwear soles using sensors in the smartphone and the soles
US9877523B2 (en) 2012-04-18 2018-01-30 Frampton E. Ellis Bladders, compartments, chambers or internal sipes controlled by a computer system using big data techniques and a smartphone device
US10226082B2 (en) 2012-04-18 2019-03-12 Frampton E. Ellis Smartphone-controlled active configuration of footwear, including with concavely rounded soles
US20200367605A1 (en) 2012-04-18 2020-11-26 Frampton E. Ellis Smartphone-controlled active configuration of footwear, including with concavely rounded soles
US11901072B2 (en) 2012-04-18 2024-02-13 Frampton E. Ellis Big data artificial intelligence computer system used for medical care connected to millions of sensor-equipped smartphones connected to their users' configurable footwear soles with sensors and to body sensors
US9510646B2 (en) 2012-07-17 2016-12-06 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear having a flexible fluid-filled chamber
KR102295998B1 (ko) * 2017-05-23 2021-09-02 나이키 이노베이트 씨.브이. 단계화된 압축 강도를 갖는 돔형 중창
JP7386002B2 (ja) * 2019-06-14 2023-11-24 株式会社アシックス 投擲用シューズのアウトソール及びこれを備えた投擲用シューズ

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3308560A (en) * 1965-06-28 1967-03-14 Endicott Johnson Corp Rubber boot with fibreglass instep guard

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1991003180A1 (fr) 1991-03-21
ATE161152T1 (de) 1998-01-15
DE69031835D1 (de) 1998-01-29
DE69031835T2 (de) 1998-05-14
AU6432390A (en) 1991-04-08
JPH04507364A (ja) 1992-12-24
EP0489858A1 (fr) 1992-06-17
ES2113349T3 (es) 1998-05-01
JP3060033B2 (ja) 2000-07-04
US20020007572A1 (en) 2002-01-24
DK0489858T3 (da) 1998-08-31

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