EP0489448B1 - Fuelling nozzle with power assist opening - Google Patents

Fuelling nozzle with power assist opening Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0489448B1
EP0489448B1 EP91202765A EP91202765A EP0489448B1 EP 0489448 B1 EP0489448 B1 EP 0489448B1 EP 91202765 A EP91202765 A EP 91202765A EP 91202765 A EP91202765 A EP 91202765A EP 0489448 B1 EP0489448 B1 EP 0489448B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
chamber
lance
piston
main valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91202765A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0489448A1 (en
Inventor
Claude Larmurier
Jacques Fournier
Sylvain Janssen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tokheim Services France SAS
Original Assignee
Schlumberger SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0489448A1 publication Critical patent/EP0489448A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06—Details or accessories
    • B67D7/42—Filling nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06—Details or accessories
    • B67D7/42—Filling nozzles
    • B67D7/44—Filling nozzles automatically closing
    • B67D7/52—Filling nozzles automatically closing and provided with additional flow-controlling valve means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydrocarbon dispensing lance according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates more particularly to an improved lance control system and improved arrangements of said lance made possible by said improved control system.
  • Hydrocarbon dispensing lances are tending to become more and more complex in order, on the one hand, to prevent inopportune flow of hydrocarbon under different circumstances and, on the other hand, to avoid certain types of fraud by the user.
  • Known fraud consists, when the lance has a downstream valve opening with pressure, to jump on the hose of the lance to create the overpressure which will itself cause the fraudulent opening of the valve.
  • the solutions generally adopted consist either in increasing the force of the opposing valve spring, or in using an upstream valve such that it tends to close all the more the pressure increases.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a reduced force hydrocarbon dispensing lance for actuating the trigger of the lance, the interruption of the flow rate and the closing of the main valve are instantaneous and effective.
  • the hydrocarbon dispensing lance comprises in particular a main valve for interrupting the flow of hydrocarbon, and a control member acting mechanically on a pilot valve with a small passage section whose opening / closing causes the opening / closing of a second mechanical member which controls the spacing of the main valve.
  • the dispensing lance is characterized in that it further comprises an end valve mounted at the open end of said lance and in that the opening of said pilot valve causes the opening of said end valve before that of said main valve and the closure of the end valve after that of the main valve.
  • FIG. 1 represents a lance for distributing hydrocarbons in a schematic manner in order to better understand the different parts thereof.
  • the lance comprises an upstream part 12 which is connected to a flexible pipe not shown and a downstream part 14 defining the end tube of the lance which is introduced into the tank of the vehicle.
  • the upstream 12 and downstream 14 parts are separated by a main valve 16 cooperating with a seat 18. When the valve 16 is supported on its seat 18 the liquid cannot pass from the upstream part to the downstream part.
  • the main valve 16 is pierced with an axial orifice 20.
  • the non-active face 22 of the main valve 16 is extended by a cylindrical skirt 24 defining a main volume 26.
  • the skirt 24 is slidably mounted in a cylindrical chamber 28.
  • a joint with low friction 30 integral with the external face of the skirt 24 provides a seal between the skirt 24 and the wall of the cylindrical chamber 28.
  • the end of the axial orifice 20 opening into the face 20 of the valve 16 forms a seat 32 for a pilot valve 34 fixed to a first end of a rod 36 slidably mounted in axial port 20.
  • the other end 38 of the rod 36 is free.
  • the main valve 16 is held in its seat 18 by a return spring 40, and the pilot valve 34 is held in its seat 32 by a second return spring 42.
  • the lance control member (corresponding to the conventional trigger) is represented in FIG. 1 by a rod 44 pivotally mounted around an axis 46 perpendicular to the rod 44.
  • the rod 44 passes through the wall of the downstream part of the lance by a deformable bellows 50.
  • the user acts on the end 52 of the rod 44 in the direction of the arrow F.
  • the second end 48 of the rod 44 when the latter is at rest, is at a reduced distance x from the end 38 of the rod 36 secured to the pilot valve 34.
  • the upstream part 12 of the lance which is at high pressure (HP) is connected by line 56 to the cylindrical chamber 28 in which is mounted the skirt 24 of the main valve 16.
  • a restriction 58 intended to create a pressure drop significant hydraulics are fitted in line 56.
  • control member of the dispensing lance is as follows. At rest, that is to say in the absence of action on the control rod 44, the high pressure HP which prevails in the upstream part 12 of the lance is found in the volume 26 defined by the skirt 24.
  • control rod 44 only serves to cause the displacement of the pilot valve 34 whose section is very small. The force which the user must exert is therefore itself very reduced. If one ceases to act on the control rod 44 the pilot valve 34 returns to its seat 32 under the action of the spring, which closes the chamber 28. The average pressure MP in the chamber 28 therefore tends to increase, which has the effect of gradually closing the main valve 16.
  • the lance further comprises at the end 60 of the tube 14 a valve 62 which serves to prevent dripping when the lance is removed from the tank of a vehicle.
  • the valve 62 is integral with a rod 68, itself integral with a piston 70 capable of moving in leaktight manner in a chamber 72.
  • the valve 62 and the chamber 72 are shown outside the tube 14 in order to simplify the drawing. In reality, of course, these two members are arranged inside the tube 14.
  • the lance also comprises a spherical valve 74 mounted in a chamber 76.
  • the valve 74 can cooperate with a seat 78 on which the valve is recalled by a return spring 80.
  • the chamber 76 is connected to the upstream part 12 of the lance by a pipe 82.
  • the chamber 76 can communicate with the upstream part 84 of a venturi system 86.
  • the upstream part 84 is connected by a tube 88 to the chamber 72.
  • the rod control 44 already described has a finger 90 which, when acting on the control rod 44, tends to move the ball valve 74 away from its seat 78 by compressing the spring 80.
  • FIG 2 there is shown the dispensing lance which comprises an upstream part 12 'connected to a flexible pipe not shown and a downstream part 14' which defines the tube end of the lance which is introduced into the vehicle's hydrocarbon tank.
  • the upstream 12 'and downstream 14' parts of the lance are connected by a chamber 15 in which the lance control mechanism is mounted.
  • the control mechanism includes a main valve 16 '.
  • the main valve 16 ' can cooperate with a fixed seat 18'.
  • the main valve 16 ' is pierced with an axial bore 20'.
  • the piston 100 can slide so watertight in a fixed cylindrical chamber 104.
  • the chamber 104 is limited by a cylindrical side wall 106, by a first end wall 108 close to the downstream part 14 'and by a second end wall 110 close to the main valve 16' .
  • the chamber 104 is divided, by the piston 100, into a downstream half-chamber 104a close to the first end wall 108 and into an upstream half-chamber 104b close to the second end wall 110.
  • the first wall end 108 is pierced with a calibrated nozzle 112 creating a hydraulic resistance between the half-chamber 104a and the interior of the chamber 15 of the lance, and the second end wall 110 is pierced with orifices 114 making the half communicate -upstream chamber 104b and inside the chamber 15 of the lance.
  • These orifices have a section which is sufficient for the pressure in the half-chamber to be substantially equal to that which prevails in the chamber 15.
  • the front face 100a of the piston 100 is pushed back towards the second end wall 108 by a spring of return 115 arranged in the upstream half-chamber 104b between the rear face 100b of the piston 100 and the second end wall 110 of the chamber 104.
  • the rear face 100b of the piston 100 is extended by a tube 116 arranged along the axis XX 'of the main valve 16'.
  • the tube 116 opens into an internal chamber 120 formed in the piston 100.
  • the internal chamber 120 is extended by an axial orifice 122 which opens into the front face 100a of the piston 100.
  • the axial orifice 122 defines a seat 124 for a pilot valve 34 '.
  • the pilot valve 34 ′ is integral with the first end of a control rod 36 ′ which crosses the axial orifice 122, as well as an axial passage 126 formed in the first end wall 108 and a sealed passage 128 formed in the wall of the chamber 15 of the lance.
  • the second end of the control rod 36 ' is integral with a push button 130 disposed outside the lance and provided with a return spring 132. Under the action of spring 132, the pilot valve 34' tends to be placed on his seat 124.
  • a part 140 in the general shape of a stirrup is interposed between the upstream part 12 ′ of the lance and the chamber 15.
  • FIG. 4 clearly shows that the part 140 comprises a fixing base 142 in the form of a crown, from which a part 144 in the form of an inverted U leaves.
  • the stirrup 140 is fixed by its base 142 between the wall of the upstream end 12 'and the wall of the chamber 15.
  • the upstream part 12' can communicate with the chamber 15 only through the central bore 146 formed in base 142 of room 140.
  • the cylindrical shell forming the side wall 106 of the chamber 104 extends beyond the second end wall 110 of the chamber 104.
  • the ferrule is provided with openings 148.
  • the ferrule ends with a piece of end piece 150 fixed in a sealed manner on the underside of the base 142 of the piece 140.
  • the end piece 150 comprises a sleeve 152 which penetrates into the bore 146 of the base 142.
  • the sleeve 152 forms the seat 18 'of the main valve 16' and defines an axial passage 153.
  • Figure 2 shows that the second end 154 of the tube 116 freely crosses the axial orifice 20 'formed in the main valve 16'.
  • the end 154 of the tube 116 is open and its periphery is secured to a second piston 156 disposed above the non-active face 16 'a of the main valve 16'.
  • the face of the piston 156 facing the main valve 16 ' is provided with an O-ring seal 158 which can cooperate with the face 16'a the main valve 16 '.
  • the tube 116 has on its external face a flange 160 which has an external diameter greater than the internal diameter of the axial orifice 20 'formed in the main valve 16'.
  • the flange 160 occupies a position such that, when the front face 100a of the piston 100 is close to the rear face of the first end wall 108 (that is to say that the piston 100 occupies its extreme low position relative to in the orientation of FIG. 2) and that the main valve 16 'is pressing on its seat 18', there is a distance x 'between the flange 160 and the front face 16'b of the main valve 16'.
  • a return spring 162 is interposed between the face 16'a of the main valve 16 'and the horizontal part 145 of the part 140. The spring 162 therefore tends to hold the main valve 16' on its seat 18 'but it is without effect on piston 156.
  • the piston 100 When the user does not act on the control push button 130, the piston 100 is close to the downstream end wall 108 and, on the one hand, the pilot valve 34 ′ is supported on its seat 124 and, on the other hand, the main valve 16 'is pressed against its seat 18'. Finally, the piston 156 is pressed tightly thanks to its O-ring 158 on the rear face of the main valve 16 '. This therefore completely ensures the seal which would otherwise be broken by the clearance between the internal wall of the bore 20 'of the main valve 16' and the external face of the tube 116. The piston 100 is held in the position described above. above by the return spring 115, the restriction 112 applying on the face 100a of the piston only the low pressure which prevails in the chamber 15.
  • the pilot valve 34 ' is held in its seat by the combined effect of the high pressure which prevails in the internal chamber 120 via the tube 116 and the return spring 132 of the push button 130.
  • the main valve 16 ' is held in its seat 18' by the return spring 162 and by the piston 156, integral with the end of the tube 116, which is pressed against the rear face of the main valve 16 '. In this situation, there therefore has no circulation of hydrocarbon from the upstream part 12 'to the chamber 15 or the downstream part 14'. It is seen that the appearance of a high pressure peak will only tend to increase the force which tends to maintain the main valve 16 'and the pilot valve 34' on their respective seats.
  • the tube 116 continues to lift and its flange 160 comes into contact with the main valve 16 'and causes the opening thereof.
  • the high pressure liquid can then pass through the seat 18 ′ of the main valve and the openings 148 of the ferrule 106 to enter the chamber 15 and flow into the downstream part 14 ′ of the dispensing lance.
  • the pilot valve 34 ' comes to rest on its seat 124.
  • the high pressure liquid can no longer penetrate the downstream half-chamber 104a.
  • the medium pressure in the half-chamber 104a therefore decreases, which causes the piston 100 and therefore the tube 116 and its collar 160 to be lowered.
  • the main valve 16 ' can therefore approach its seat under the effect of the return spring 162.
  • the flange 160 continues to follow the movement of the piston to finally find the distance x' between 16 'and 160.
  • this embodiment may also include an end valve whose opening is controlled before that of the main valve 16 '.
  • the end valve and the chamber which directly controls the opening of this valve are strictly identical to the end valve 62 and to the chamber 72 in FIG. 1. We will therefore be content to describe how the chamber 72 is supplied with liquid under pressure when the user acts on the push button 130.
  • the part 140 is pierced with a number of conduits which have not yet been described.
  • the upper face 170 of the part 145 of the part 140 forming a stirrup is pierced with an axial orifice 172 which opens into a horizontal channel 174 formed in the part 145 of the part 140.
  • the two ends of the channel 174 are respectively connected to channels 176 and 178 drilled in the vertical branches 180 and 182 of the U-shaped part 144.
  • Channels 176 and 178 are, in turn, connected to radial channels 184 and 186 drilled in the base 142 of the part 140 and which open out in the lateral face of the base 142.
  • the orifice 172 can be closed by a shutter 188 which is pressed against the face 170 of the part 145 by a return spring 190.
  • the return spring 190 is mounted between the upper face of shutter 188 and a piece 192 in the form of a square fixed to the face 170.
  • the shutter 188 is provided on its underside with two vertical fingers 194 and 196 which are therefore parallel to the axis xx 'of the main valve 16'.
  • the free end of the fingers 194 and 196 penetrates into vertical holes 198 and 200 formed in the part 145 of the part 144.
  • the holes 198 and 200 open into the lower face of the part 145 opposite the upper face of the second piston 156.
  • the free ends of the fingers 194 and 196 are very slightly set back relative to the upper face of the second piston 156.
  • Figure 2 shows that the radial channel 186 is connected to the pipe 88 which supplies the chamber 72 (not shown in Figure 2) for controlling the end valve 62 of the lance (also not shown in Figure 2).
  • This figure also shows that the channel 176 of the part 144 is convergent and constitutes half of a venturi, the other half of which is referenced 202.
  • the radial channel 184 of the part 140 opens into the neck 204 of this venturi.
  • This venturi associated with channel 184 is used to detect the end of the filling of the vehicle tank with hydrocarbon and to prohibit actuation of the push button 130 in response to this detection.
  • these systems on the one hand are well known and on the other hand do not form part of the present invention, they have not been described.
  • the operation of the end valve control circuit is as follows: When the push button 130 is at rest, the fingers 194 and 196 of the piston 156 do not act on the shutter 188. The channels 174, 178 and 186 as well as the pipe 88 are therefore not supplied with high pressure liquid and the end valve remains closed.
  • the pilot valve 34 ' then the main valve 16' close, which interrupts the flow of hydrocarbon.
  • the shutter 188 closes in turn when the first piston 100 has returned to its initial position, that is to say very shortly after the closing of the main valve 16 ', this time being defined by the clearance x' .
  • the external lance control member acts directly only on the pilot valve, the section of which is subjected to high pressure is very small. The effort which the user must exert is therefore also very reduced.
  • the end valve of the lance is precisely controlled in temporal relation to the main valve of the lance. It therefore effectively fulfills its function which consists in avoiding the dripping of the hydrocarbon on the ground during the extraction of the lance from the vehicle tank.
  • the main valve "continues" the pilot valve, that is to say that the pilot valve is not satisfied with facilitating the opening of the main valve. It imposes by its position the position of the main valve, that is to say its opening and therefore the flow rate of the lance.

Abstract

The invention relates to a power-assisted system for opening a fuelling nozzle. The outer member (52) for power-assisted opening of the main valve (16) acts on a pilot valve (34) with a small passage section, the opening of which causes the opening of the main valve. The seat (32) of the pilot valve is formed in the main valve (16). Moreover, the nozzle comprises at its end (60) a valve (62) serving to prevent dripping. Implementation of the latter is linked to the opening of the pilot valve (34) by means of the power-assisted trigger (52) and of a chamber (72) connected to the upstream part (12), where a high pressure prevails, via the spherical valve (74). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une lance de distribution d' hydrocarbure, selon le prèambale de la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon dispensing lance according to the preamble of claim 1.

De façon plus précise, l'invention concerne plus particulièrement un système perfectionné de commande de la lance et des dispositions améliorées de ladite lance rendues possibles par ledit système de commande perfectionné.More specifically, the invention relates more particularly to an improved lance control system and improved arrangements of said lance made possible by said improved control system.

Les lances de distribution d'hydrocarbures tendent à devenir de plus en plus complexes pour, d'une part, éviter dans différentes circonstances un écoulement intempestif d'hydrocarbure et, d'autre part, éviter certains types de fraudes par l'usager.Hydrocarbon dispensing lances are tending to become more and more complex in order, on the one hand, to prevent inopportune flow of hydrocarbon under different circumstances and, on the other hand, to avoid certain types of fraud by the user.

Les risques d'écoulement intempestif d'hydrocarbure se présentent notamment dans les deux cas suivants :The risks of accidental spillage of hydrocarbons arise in particular in the following two cases:

Lorsque la lance est accrochée en position de repos avec son orifice tourné vers le haut, le flexible associé à la lance est toujours maintenu sous pression même à l'arrêt de la pompe. S'il y a une fuite dans cette position, due à la pression, l'hydrocarbure se répand dans la poignée de la lance, ce qui est bien sûr très désagréable pour l'usager.When the lance is hung in the rest position with its orifice facing upwards, the hose associated with the lance is always kept under pressure even when the pump is stopped. If there is a leak in this position, due to the pressure, the hydrocarbon spills into the handle of the lance, which is of course very unpleasant for the user.

Lorsque l'usager décroche la lance, dans certains types d'installations, il peut y avoir une pression relativement élevée dans le flexible. Dans ce cas encore il peut y avoir un écoulement d'hydrocarbure.When the user unhooks the lance, in certain types of installations, there can be a relatively high pressure in the hose. In this case also there may be a flow of hydrocarbon.

Une fraude connue consiste,lorsque la lance comporte un clapet aval s'ouvrant avec la pression, à sauter sur le flexible de la lance pour créer la surpression qui entraînera elle-même l'ouverture frauduleuse du clapet.Known fraud consists, when the lance has a downstream valve opening with pressure, to jump on the hose of the lance to create the overpressure which will itself cause the fraudulent opening of the valve.

Pour éviter ces écoulements intempestifs d'hydrocarbure ou pour empêcher cette fraude, les solutions généralement retenues consistent soit à augmenter la force du ressort antagoniste du clapet, soit à utiliser un clapet amont tel que celui-ci tende à se fermer d'autant plus que la pression augmente.To avoid these untimely flows of hydrocarbon or to prevent this fraud, the solutions generally adopted consist either in increasing the force of the opposing valve spring, or in using an upstream valve such that it tends to close all the more the pressure increases.

Dans les deux cas, la force que l'usager doit exercer sur la gâchette de la lance de distribution pour obtenir la délivrance d'hydrocarbure est très sensiblement augmentée. Cela peut devenir gênant pour certaines catégories d'usagers.In both cases, the force that the user must exert on the trigger of the dispensing lance to obtain delivery of hydrocarbon is very significantly increased. This can become annoying for certain categories of users.

On connaît, par exemple, d'après le document GB - A - 2,015,704 une lance de distribution d'un liquide sous haute pression où dans l'intérieur de la lance, l'ouverture ou la fermeture d'un clapet pilote actionné par un organe externe provoque l'ouverture ou la fermeture d'un clapet principal.We know, for example, from document GB - A - 2,015,704 a lance for dispensing a liquid under high pressure where in the interior of the lance, the opening or closing of a pilot valve actuated by a external organ causes the opening or closing of a main valve.

Bien qu'une telle lance supporte l'actionnement du clapet principal et facilite la manipulation par un utilisateur, en particulier s'il s'agit d'une lance de distribution d'eau de haute pression, l'application de ses caractéristiques techniques à une lance de distribution d'hydrocarbure présente des problèmes par rapport à la vitesse de fermeture du clapet principal et par rapport à l'écoulement énoncé d'hydrocarbure.Although such a lance supports the actuation of the main valve and facilitates handling by a user, in particular if it is a lance for distributing high pressure water, the application of its technical characteristics to a hydrocarbon dispensing lance presents problems in relation to the closing speed of the main valve and in relation to the stated flow of hydrocarbon.

Un objet de l'invention est de fournir une lance de distribution d'hydrocarbure à force réduite pour actionner la gâchette de la lance dont l'interruption du débit et la fermeture du clapet principal se font instantanément et efficacement.An object of the invention is to provide a reduced force hydrocarbon dispensing lance for actuating the trigger of the lance, the interruption of the flow rate and the closing of the main valve are instantaneous and effective.

Ce but est atteint par l'invention telle que caractérisée dans la seconde partie de la revendication 1. La lance de distribution d'hydrocarbure comprend notamment un clapet principal d'interruption du débit d'hydrocarbure, et un organe de commande agissant mécaniquement sur un clapet pilote à faible section de passage dont l'ouverture/fermeture provoque l'ouverture/fermeture d'un deuxième organe mécanique qui contrôle l'écartement du clapet principal.This object is achieved by the invention as characterized in the second part of claim 1. The hydrocarbon dispensing lance comprises in particular a main valve for interrupting the flow of hydrocarbon, and a control member acting mechanically on a pilot valve with a small passage section whose opening / closing causes the opening / closing of a second mechanical member which controls the spacing of the main valve.

Une autre possibilité d'écoulement intempestif d'hydrocarbure se présente également lorsque l'usager retire la lance hors du réservoir de son véhicule après avoir rempli celui-ci. En effet, la fraction d'hydrocarbure qui reste dans la cavité comprise entre le clapet et l'extrémité du tube de la lance, peut être importante, selon l'inclinaison du tube, et peut s'écouler par gravité sur le sol lorsque l'usager sort la lance du réservoir de son véhicule.Another possibility of untimely flow of hydrocarbon also arises when the user withdraws the lance from the tank of his vehicle after filling it. Indeed, the fraction of hydrocarbon which remains in the cavity between the valve and the end of the tube of the lance, can be important, according to the inclination of the tube, and can flow by gravity on the ground when the user takes the lance out of the tank of his vehicle.

Selon un mode perfectionné de réalisation de l'invention qui permet, de plus, de résoudre le problème énoncé ci-dessus, la lance de distribution se caractérise en ce qu'elle comprend de plus un clapet d'extrémité monté à l'extrémité ouverte de ladite lance et en ce que l'ouverture dudit clapet pilote provoque l'ouverture dudit clapet d'extrémité avant celle dudit clapet principal et la fermeture du clapet d'extrémité après celle du clapet principal.According to an improved embodiment of the invention which makes it possible, moreover, to solve the problem stated above, the dispensing lance is characterized in that it further comprises an end valve mounted at the open end of said lance and in that the opening of said pilot valve causes the opening of said end valve before that of said main valve and the closure of the end valve after that of the main valve.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'une lance de distribution afin de faciliter des explications générales de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une lance de distribution selon un mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une autre coupe longitudinale en perspective correspondant à une partie de la lance représentée sur la figure 2.
  • la figure 4 est une vue partielle en perspective correspondant à une partie de la lance représentée sur la figure 3.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples. The description refers to the appended figures in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a dispensing lance to facilitate general explanations of the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a dispensing lance according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 3 is another longitudinal section in perspective corresponding to a part of the lance shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view corresponding to part of the lance shown in FIG. 3.

La figure 1 représente une lance de distribution d'hydrocarbure de façon schématique afin de mieux en faire comprendre les différentes parties.FIG. 1 represents a lance for distributing hydrocarbons in a schematic manner in order to better understand the different parts thereof.

La lance comprend une partie amont 12 qui est raccordée à un tuyau flexible non représenté et une partie aval 14 définissant le tube d'extrémité de la lance qui est introduit dan le réservoir du véhicule. Le parties amont 12 et aval 14 sont séparées par un clapet principal 16 coopérant avec un siège 18. Lorsque le clapet 16 est en appui sur son siège 18 le liquide ne peut pas passer de la partie amont à la partie aval.The lance comprises an upstream part 12 which is connected to a flexible pipe not shown and a downstream part 14 defining the end tube of the lance which is introduced into the tank of the vehicle. The upstream 12 and downstream 14 parts are separated by a main valve 16 cooperating with a seat 18. When the valve 16 is supported on its seat 18 the liquid cannot pass from the upstream part to the downstream part.

Le clapet principal 16 est percé d'un orifice axial 20. La face non active 22 du clapet principal 16 est prolongée par une jupe cylindrique 24 définissant un volume principale 26. La jupe 24 est montée coulissante dans une chambre cylindrique 28. Un joint à faible friction 30 solidaire de la face externe de la jupe 24 assure une étanchéité entre la jupe 24 et la paroi de la chambre cylindrique 28.The main valve 16 is pierced with an axial orifice 20. The non-active face 22 of the main valve 16 is extended by a cylindrical skirt 24 defining a main volume 26. The skirt 24 is slidably mounted in a cylindrical chamber 28. A joint with low friction 30 integral with the external face of the skirt 24 provides a seal between the skirt 24 and the wall of the cylindrical chamber 28.

L'extrémité l'orifice axial 20 débouchant dans la face 20 du clapet 16 forme un siège 32 pour un clapet pilote 34 fixé à une première extrémité d'une tige 36 montée coulissante dans orifice axial 20. L'autre extrémité 38 de la tige 36 est libre. Le clapet principal 16 est maintenu sur son siège 18 par un ressort de rappel 40, et le clapet pilote 34 est maintenu sur son siège 32 par un deuxième ressort de rappel 42.The end of the axial orifice 20 opening into the face 20 of the valve 16 forms a seat 32 for a pilot valve 34 fixed to a first end of a rod 36 slidably mounted in axial port 20. The other end 38 of the rod 36 is free. The main valve 16 is held in its seat 18 by a return spring 40, and the pilot valve 34 is held in its seat 32 by a second return spring 42.

L'organe de commande de la lance (correspondant à la gâchette classique) est représenté sur la figure 1 par une tige 44 montée pivotante autour d'un axe 46 perpendiculaire à la tige 44. La tige 44 traverse la paroi de la partie aval de la lance par un soufflet déformable 50. Pour commander la lance, l'usager agit sur l'extrémité 52 de la tige 44 selon la direction de la flèche F. La deuxième extrémité 48 de la tige 44, lorsque celle-ci est au repos, se trouve à une distance réduite x de l'extrémité 38 de la tige 36 solidaire du clapet pilote 34.The lance control member (corresponding to the conventional trigger) is represented in FIG. 1 by a rod 44 pivotally mounted around an axis 46 perpendicular to the rod 44. The rod 44 passes through the wall of the downstream part of the lance by a deformable bellows 50. To control the lance, the user acts on the end 52 of the rod 44 in the direction of the arrow F. The second end 48 of the rod 44, when the latter is at rest, is at a reduced distance x from the end 38 of the rod 36 secured to the pilot valve 34.

La partie amont 12 de la lance, qui est à la haute pression (HP) est reliée par la conduite 56 à la chambre cylindrique 28 dans laquelle est montée la jupe 24 du clapet principal 16. Une restriction 58 destinée à créer une perte de charge hydraulique importante est montée dans la conduite 56.The upstream part 12 of the lance, which is at high pressure (HP) is connected by line 56 to the cylindrical chamber 28 in which is mounted the skirt 24 of the main valve 16. A restriction 58 intended to create a pressure drop significant hydraulics are fitted in line 56.

Le fonctionnement de l'organe de commande de la lance de distribution est le suivant. Au repos, c'est-à-dire en l'absence d'action sur la tige de commande 44, la haute pression HP qui règne dans la partie amont 12 de la lance se retrouve dans le volume 26 défini par la jupe 24.The operation of the control member of the dispensing lance is as follows. At rest, that is to say in the absence of action on the control rod 44, the high pressure HP which prevails in the upstream part 12 of the lance is found in the volume 26 defined by the skirt 24.

Cette haute pression tend donc à maintenir le clapet principal 16 sur son siège 18 et le clapet pilote 34 sur son siège 32, cette pression s'ajoutant à l'effet des ressorts de rappel 40 et 42. On observe que, plus la pression amont augmente, plus la force tendant à maintenir fermés le clapet principal et le clapet pilote augmente.This high pressure therefore tends to keep the main valve 16 on its seat 18 and the pilot valve 34 on its seat 32, this pressure adding to the effect of the return springs 40 and 42. It is observed that, the higher the upstream pressure increases, the more the force tending to keep the main valve closed and the pilot valve increases.

Si l'on agit sur la tige 44 selon la direction de la flèche F, le déplacement qui en résulte est sans effet jusqu'à ce que l'extrémité 48 de cette tige vienne au contact de l'extrémité 38 de la tige 36 solidaire du clapet pilote 34. Sous l'effet du déplacement de la tige 36, le clapet pilote 34 est soulevé de son siège 32 en comprimant le ressort 42. Il y a donc écoulement de liquide par l'orifice 20 du clapet 16, du fait de la différence entre la haute pression (HP) qui règne dans le volume 26 et la basse pression (LP) qui règne dans la partie aval 14 de la lance. Cet écoulement du liquide crée une différence de pression de part et d'autre de la restriction 58. Il en résulte que la pression dans la chambre 28 et le volume 26 devient inférieure à la haute pression HP. On appellera MP cette pression intermédiaire.If one acts on the rod 44 in the direction of the arrow F, the resulting displacement has no effect until the end 48 of this rod comes into contact with the end 38 of the rod 36 secured of the pilot valve 34. Under the effect of the displacement of the rod 36, the pilot valve 34 is lifted from its seat 32 by compressing the spring 42. There is therefore a flow of liquid through the orifice 20 of the valve 16, due to the fact of the difference between the high pressure (HP) which prevails in the volume 26 and the low pressure (LP) which prevails in the downstream part 14 of the lance. This flow of the liquid creates a pressure difference on either side of the restriction 58. As a result, the pressure in the chamber 28 and the volume 26 becomes lower than the high pressure HP. This intermediate pressure will be called MP.

Dans ces conditions, la différence de pression qui s'exerce dans la partie supérieure du clapet crée une force F₁ qui tend à soulever celui-ci, tandis que la haute pression continue à exercer sur la partie basse une force F₂ qui tend elle à maintenir le clapet sur son siège.Under these conditions, the difference in pressure exerted in the upper part of the valve creates a force F₁ which tends to lift the latter, while the high pressure continues to exert on the lower part a force F₂ which tends to maintain it the valve in its seat.

Lorsque le clapet pilote 34 a été suffisamment soulevé de sorte que la pression MP est suffisamment basse, la force F₁ est capable de lutter contre le ressort et F₂ et donc de décoller le clapet de son siège.When the pilot valve 34 has been raised enough so that the pressure MP is sufficiently low, the force F₁ is capable of fighting against the spring and F₂ and therefore of detaching the valve from its seat.

A partir de cette position, si l'on impose rapidement un nouveau déplacement du clapet pilote 34, ceci correspond à un accroissement de la distance entre le clapet pilote 34 et son siège 32, donc une augmentation du débit dans le canal 20 et de fait une diminution de MP. Le clapet principal 16 quitte son siège et se déplace en direction du clapet pilote 34 pour réduire la distance 32-34 et trouver un nouvel équilibre des forces. Dans cette opération, le clapet principal 16 a suivi son clapet pilote 34, pour laisser passer le fluide. L'ouverture du clapet principal se fait donc par poursuite du clapet pilote.From this position, if a new displacement of the pilot valve 34 is quickly imposed, this corresponds to an increase in the distance between the pilot valve 34 and its seat 32, therefore an increase in the flow rate in the channel 20 and in fact a decrease in MP. The main valve 16 leaves its seat and moves in the direction of the pilot valve 34 to reduce the distance 32-34 and find a new balance of forces. In this operation, the main valve 16 followed its pilot valve 34, to let the fluid pass. The main valve is therefore opened by following the pilot valve.

Il faut souligner que la tige de commande 44 ne sert qu'à provoquer le déplacement du clapet pilote 34 dont la section est très réduite. La force que doit exercer l'utilisateur est donc elle-même très réduite. Si l'on cesse d'agir sur la tige de commande 44 le clapet pilote 34 revient sur son siège 32 sous l'action du ressort, ce qui ferme la chambre 28. La moyenne pression MP dans la chambre 28 tend donc à augmenter, ce qui a pour effet de refermer progressivement le clapet principal 16.It should be emphasized that the control rod 44 only serves to cause the displacement of the pilot valve 34 whose section is very small. The force which the user must exert is therefore itself very reduced. If one ceases to act on the control rod 44 the pilot valve 34 returns to its seat 32 under the action of the spring, which closes the chamber 28. The average pressure MP in the chamber 28 therefore tends to increase, which has the effect of gradually closing the main valve 16.

Jusqu'ici on a décrit simplement le fonctionnement de la commande du clapet principal de la lance. Selon la figure 1, la lance comporte de plus à l'extrémité 60 du tube 14 un clapet 62 qui sert à éviter l'égouttage lorsque la lance est retirée du réservoir d'un véhicule. Le clapet 62 est solidaire d'une tige 68, elle-même solidaire d'un piston 70 susceptible de se déplacer de façon étanche dans une chambre 72. Sur la figure 1 le clapet 62 et la chambre 72 sont représentés à l'extérieur du tube 14 afin de simplifier le dessin. En réalité, bien entendu, ces deux organes sont disposés à l'intérieur du tube 14.So far we have simply described the operation of the main valve control of the lance. According to Figure 1, the lance further comprises at the end 60 of the tube 14 a valve 62 which serves to prevent dripping when the lance is removed from the tank of a vehicle. The valve 62 is integral with a rod 68, itself integral with a piston 70 capable of moving in leaktight manner in a chamber 72. In FIG. 1, the valve 62 and the chamber 72 are shown outside the tube 14 in order to simplify the drawing. In reality, of course, these two members are arranged inside the tube 14.

Comme le montre la figure 1, la lance comporte de plus un clapet sphérique 74 monté dans une chambre 76. Le clapet 74 peut coopérer avec un siège 78 sur lequel le clapet est rappelé par un ressort de rappel 80. La chambre 76 est reliée à la partie amont 12 de la lance par une conduite 82. La chambre 76 peut communiquer avec la partie amont 84 d'un système à venturi 86. La partie amont 84 est reliée par une tubulure 88 à la chambre 72. En outre, la tige de commande 44 déjà décrite comporte un doigt 90 qui, lorsqu'on agit sur la tige de commande 44, tend à écarter le clapet sphérique 74 de son siège 78 en comprimant le ressort 80.As shown in FIG. 1, the lance also comprises a spherical valve 74 mounted in a chamber 76. The valve 74 can cooperate with a seat 78 on which the valve is recalled by a return spring 80. The chamber 76 is connected to the upstream part 12 of the lance by a pipe 82. The chamber 76 can communicate with the upstream part 84 of a venturi system 86. The upstream part 84 is connected by a tube 88 to the chamber 72. In addition, the rod control 44 already described has a finger 90 which, when acting on the control rod 44, tends to move the ball valve 74 away from its seat 78 by compressing the spring 80.

Lorsque la tige de commande 44 est au repos, le clapet 74 est maintenu sur son siège 78 et la chambre 72 est donc à la pression réduite qui règne dans la partie aval 14 de la lance. Sous l'effet du ressort 92, le clapet d'extrémité 62 est donc appliqué sur son siège 64. Lorsque l'utilisateur actionne la tige de commande 44 selon le sens de la flèche F, le doigt 90 vient au contact du clapet sphérique 74 avant que l'extrémité de la tige 44 ne vienne au contact de l'extrémité 38 de la tige 36 liée au clapet pilote 22 en raison du jeu x. Lorsque le clapet sphérique 74 est écarté de son siège 78 par le doigt 90, la haute pression de la partie amont 12 de la lance arrive dans la chambre 72 via la tubulure 88. La haute pression agissant sur le piston 72 provoque le retrait du clapet d'extrémité 62, ce qui ouvre l'extrémité 66 de la lance. Celle-ci est donc prête à laisser s'écouler l'hydrocarbure dès que le clapet principal 16 se sera ouvert comme cela a été décrit précédemment.When the control rod 44 is at rest, the valve 74 is held on its seat 78 and the chamber 72 is therefore at the reduced pressure which prevails in the downstream part 14 of the lance. Under the effect of the spring 92, the end valve 62 is therefore applied to its seat 64. When the user actuates the control rod 44 in the direction of the arrow F, the finger 90 comes into contact with the ball valve 74 before the end of the rod 44 comes into contact with the end 38 of the rod 36 linked to the pilot valve 22 due to the clearance x. When the ball valve 74 is moved away from its seat 78 by the finger 90, the high pressure from the upstream part 12 of the lance arrives in the chamber 72 via the tube 88. The high pressure acting on the piston 72 causes the valve to be withdrawn end 62, which opens the end 66 of the lance. The latter is therefore ready to let the hydrocarbon flow as soon as the main valve 16 has opened as has been described above.

En se référant maintenant aux figures 2 à 4, on va décrire le mode de réalisation de commande assistée pour lance de distribution d'hydrocarbure, selon l'invention.Referring now to Figures 2 to 4, we will describe the embodiment of power control for oil dispensing lance, according to the invention.

Sur la figure 2, on a représenté la lance de distribution qui comprend une partie amont 12' raccordée à un tuyau flexible non représenté et une partie aval 14' qui définit le tube d'extrémité de la lance qui est introduit dans le réservoir d'hydrocarbure du véhicule. Les parties amont 12' et aval 14' de la lance sont raccordées par une chambre 15 dans laquelle est monté le mécanisme de commande de la lance. Le mécanisme de ocmmande comprend un clapet principal 16'. Le clapet principal 16' peut coopérer avec un siège fixe 18'. Le clapet principal 16' est percé d'un alésage axial 20'. A l'intérieur de la chambre 15, entre la partie aval 14' de la lance et le siège 18' du clapet principal 16', on trouve un piston de commande 100 prolongé par une jupe circulaire 102. Le piston 100 peut coulisser de façon étanche dans une chambre cylindrique fixe 104. La chambre 104 est limitée par une paroi latérale cylindrique 106, par une première paroi d'extrémité 108 proche de la partie aval 14' et par une deuxième paroi d'extrémité 110 proche du clapet principal 16'. La chambre 104 est divisée, par le piston 100, en une demi-chambre aval 104a proche de la première paroi d'extrémité 108 et en une demi-chambre amont 104b proche de la deuxième paroi d'extrémité 110. La première paroi d'extrémité 108 est percée d'un ajutage calibré 112 créant une résistance hydraulique entre la demi-chambre 104a et l'intérieur de la chambre 15 de la lance, et la deuxième paroi d'extrémité 110 est percée d'orifices 114 faisant communiquer la demi-chambre amont 104b et l'intérieur de la chambre 15 de la lance. Ces orifices ont une section suffisante pour que la pression dans la demi-chambre soit sensiblement égale à celle qui règne dans la chambre 15. La face antérieure 100a du piston 100 est repoussée en direction de la deuxième paroi d'extrémité 108 par un ressort de rappel 115 disposé dans la demi-chambre amont 104b entre la face postérieure 100b du piston 100 et la deuxième paroi d'extrémité 110 de la chambre 104.In Figure 2, there is shown the dispensing lance which comprises an upstream part 12 'connected to a flexible pipe not shown and a downstream part 14' which defines the tube end of the lance which is introduced into the vehicle's hydrocarbon tank. The upstream 12 'and downstream 14' parts of the lance are connected by a chamber 15 in which the lance control mechanism is mounted. The control mechanism includes a main valve 16 '. The main valve 16 'can cooperate with a fixed seat 18'. The main valve 16 'is pierced with an axial bore 20'. Inside the chamber 15, between the downstream part 14 'of the lance and the seat 18' of the main valve 16 ', there is a control piston 100 extended by a circular skirt 102. The piston 100 can slide so watertight in a fixed cylindrical chamber 104. The chamber 104 is limited by a cylindrical side wall 106, by a first end wall 108 close to the downstream part 14 'and by a second end wall 110 close to the main valve 16' . The chamber 104 is divided, by the piston 100, into a downstream half-chamber 104a close to the first end wall 108 and into an upstream half-chamber 104b close to the second end wall 110. The first wall end 108 is pierced with a calibrated nozzle 112 creating a hydraulic resistance between the half-chamber 104a and the interior of the chamber 15 of the lance, and the second end wall 110 is pierced with orifices 114 making the half communicate -upstream chamber 104b and inside the chamber 15 of the lance. These orifices have a section which is sufficient for the pressure in the half-chamber to be substantially equal to that which prevails in the chamber 15. The front face 100a of the piston 100 is pushed back towards the second end wall 108 by a spring of return 115 arranged in the upstream half-chamber 104b between the rear face 100b of the piston 100 and the second end wall 110 of the chamber 104.

La face postérieure 100b du piston 100 est prolongée par un tube 116 disposé selon l'axe XX' du clapet principal 16'. A son extrémité 118 solidaire du piston 100, le tube 116 débouche dans une chambre interne 120 ménagée dans le piston 100. La chambre interne 120 est prolongée par un orifice axial 122 qui débouche dans la face antérieure 100a du piston 100. L'orifice axial 122 définit un siège 124 pour un clapet pilote 34'. Le clapet pilote 34' est solidaire de la première extrémité d'une tige de commande 36' qui traverse l'orifice axial 122, ainsi qu'un passage axial 126 ménagé dans la première paroi d'extrémité 108 et une traversée étanche 128 ménagée dans la paroi de la chambre 15 de la lance. La deuxième extrémité de la tige de commande 36' est solidaire d'un bouton poussoir 130 disposé à l'extérieur de la lance et muni d'un ressort de rappel 132. Sous l'action du ressort 132, le clapet pilote 34' tend à être plaqué sur son siège 124.The rear face 100b of the piston 100 is extended by a tube 116 arranged along the axis XX 'of the main valve 16'. At its end 118 secured to the piston 100, the tube 116 opens into an internal chamber 120 formed in the piston 100. The internal chamber 120 is extended by an axial orifice 122 which opens into the front face 100a of the piston 100. The axial orifice 122 defines a seat 124 for a pilot valve 34 '. The pilot valve 34 ′ is integral with the first end of a control rod 36 ′ which crosses the axial orifice 122, as well as an axial passage 126 formed in the first end wall 108 and a sealed passage 128 formed in the wall of the chamber 15 of the lance. The second end of the control rod 36 'is integral with a push button 130 disposed outside the lance and provided with a return spring 132. Under the action of spring 132, the pilot valve 34' tends to be placed on his seat 124.

Si l'on se réfère plus particulièrement aux figures 3 et 4, on voit qu'une pièce 140, en forme générale d'étrier est interposée entre la partie amont 12' de la lance et la chambre 15. La figure 4 montre clairement que la pièce 140 comprend une base de fixation 142 en forme de couronne, depuis laquelle part une pièce 144 en forme de U renversé. L'étrier 140 est fixé par sa base 142 entre la paroi de l'extrémité amont 12' et la paroi de la chambre 15. Ainsi, la partie amont 12' ne peut communiquer avec la chambre 15 que par l'alésage central 146 ménagé dans la base 142 de la pièce 140.If one refers more particularly to FIGS. 3 and 4, it can be seen that a part 140, in the general shape of a stirrup is interposed between the upstream part 12 ′ of the lance and the chamber 15. FIG. 4 clearly shows that the part 140 comprises a fixing base 142 in the form of a crown, from which a part 144 in the form of an inverted U leaves. The stirrup 140 is fixed by its base 142 between the wall of the upstream end 12 'and the wall of the chamber 15. Thus, the upstream part 12' can communicate with the chamber 15 only through the central bore 146 formed in base 142 of room 140.

Si l'on revient à la figure 2 ou à la figure 3, on voit que la virole cylindrique formant la paroi latérale 106 de la chambre 104 se prolonge au-delà de la deuxième paroi d'extrémité 110 de la chambre 104. Dans ce prolongement, la virole est munie d'ouvertures 148. La virole se termine par une pièce d'embout 150 fixée de façon étanche sur la face inférieure de la base 142 de la pièce 140. L'embout 150 comporte un manchon 152 qui pénètre dans l'alésage 146 de la base 142. Le manchon 152 forme le siège 18' du clapet principal 16' et définit un passage axial 153.Returning to FIG. 2 or to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the cylindrical shell forming the side wall 106 of the chamber 104 extends beyond the second end wall 110 of the chamber 104. In this extension, the ferrule is provided with openings 148. The ferrule ends with a piece of end piece 150 fixed in a sealed manner on the underside of the base 142 of the piece 140. The end piece 150 comprises a sleeve 152 which penetrates into the bore 146 of the base 142. The sleeve 152 forms the seat 18 'of the main valve 16' and defines an axial passage 153.

La figure 2 montre que la deuxième extrémité 154 du tube 116 traverse librement l'orifice axial 20' ménagé dans le clapet principal 16'. L'extrémité 154 du tube 116 est ouverte et sa périphérie est solidaire d'un deuxième piston 156 disposé au-dessus de la face non active 16' a du clapet principal 16'. La face du piston 156 tournée vers le clapet principal 16' est munie d'un joint torique d'étanchéité 158 qui peut coopérer avec la face 16'a du clapet principal 16'. Le tube 116 comporte sur sa face externe une collerette 160 qui a un diamètre externe supérieur au diamètre interne de l'orifice axial 20' ménagé dans le clapet principal 16'. La collerette 160 occupe une position telle que, lorsque la face antérieure 100a du piston 100 est voisine de la face postérieure de la première paroi d'extrémité 108 (c'est-à-dire que le piston 100 occupe sa position extrême basse par rapport à l'orientation de la figure 2) et que le clapet principal 16' est en appui sur son siège 18', il existe une distance x' entre la collerette 160 et la face antérieure 16'b du clapet principal 16'. Enfin, un ressort de rappel 162 est interposé entre la face 16'a du clapet principal 16' et la partie horizontale 145 de la pièce 140. Le ressort 162 tend donc à maintenir le clapet principal 16' sur son siège 18' mais il est sans effet sur le piston 156.Figure 2 shows that the second end 154 of the tube 116 freely crosses the axial orifice 20 'formed in the main valve 16'. The end 154 of the tube 116 is open and its periphery is secured to a second piston 156 disposed above the non-active face 16 'a of the main valve 16'. The face of the piston 156 facing the main valve 16 'is provided with an O-ring seal 158 which can cooperate with the face 16'a the main valve 16 '. The tube 116 has on its external face a flange 160 which has an external diameter greater than the internal diameter of the axial orifice 20 'formed in the main valve 16'. The flange 160 occupies a position such that, when the front face 100a of the piston 100 is close to the rear face of the first end wall 108 (that is to say that the piston 100 occupies its extreme low position relative to in the orientation of FIG. 2) and that the main valve 16 'is pressing on its seat 18', there is a distance x 'between the flange 160 and the front face 16'b of the main valve 16'. Finally, a return spring 162 is interposed between the face 16'a of the main valve 16 'and the horizontal part 145 of the part 140. The spring 162 therefore tends to hold the main valve 16' on its seat 18 'but it is without effect on piston 156.

On va maintenant décrire le fonctionnement du clapet de commande assisté représenté sur les figures 2 à 4.We will now describe the operation of the assisted control valve shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.

Lorsque l'utilisateur n'agit pas sur le bouton poussoir de commande 130, le piston 100 est voisin de la paroi d'extrémité aval 108 et, d'une part, le clapet pilote 34' est en appui sur son siège 124 et, d'autre part, le clapet principal 16' est plaqué contre son siège 18'. Enfin, le piston 156 est plaqué de façon étanche grâce à son joint torique 158 sur la face postérieure du clapet principal 16'. Celà assure donc complètement l'étanchéité qui, autrement, serait rompue par le jeu entre la paroi interne de l'alésage 20' du clapet principal 16' et la face externe du tube 116. Le piston 100 est maintenu dans la position décrite ci-dessus par le ressort de rappel 115, la restriction 112 n'appliquant sur la face 100a du piston que la basse pression qui règne dans la chambre 15. Le clapet pilote 34' est maintenu sur son siège par l'effet conjugué de la haute pression qui règne dans la chambre interne 120 via le tube 116 et du ressort de rappel 132 du bouton poussoir 130. Enfin, le clapet principal 16' est maintenu sur son siège 18' par le ressort de rappel 162 et par le piston 156, solidaire de l'extrémité du tube 116, qui est plaqué sur la face postérieure du clapet principal 16'. Dans cette situation, il n'y a donc aucune circulation d'hydrocarbure de la partie amont 12' vers la chambre 15 ou la partie aval 14'. On voit que l'apparition d'un pic de haute pression ne tendra qu'à augmenter la force qui tend à maintenir le clapet principal 16' et le clapet pilote 34' sur leurs sièges respectifs.When the user does not act on the control push button 130, the piston 100 is close to the downstream end wall 108 and, on the one hand, the pilot valve 34 ′ is supported on its seat 124 and, on the other hand, the main valve 16 'is pressed against its seat 18'. Finally, the piston 156 is pressed tightly thanks to its O-ring 158 on the rear face of the main valve 16 '. This therefore completely ensures the seal which would otherwise be broken by the clearance between the internal wall of the bore 20 'of the main valve 16' and the external face of the tube 116. The piston 100 is held in the position described above. above by the return spring 115, the restriction 112 applying on the face 100a of the piston only the low pressure which prevails in the chamber 15. The pilot valve 34 'is held in its seat by the combined effect of the high pressure which prevails in the internal chamber 120 via the tube 116 and the return spring 132 of the push button 130. Finally, the main valve 16 'is held in its seat 18' by the return spring 162 and by the piston 156, integral with the end of the tube 116, which is pressed against the rear face of the main valve 16 '. In this situation, there therefore has no circulation of hydrocarbon from the upstream part 12 'to the chamber 15 or the downstream part 14'. It is seen that the appearance of a high pressure peak will only tend to increase the force which tends to maintain the main valve 16 'and the pilot valve 34' on their respective seats.

Lorsque l'utilisateur veut commander l'ouverture du clapet de commande, il agit sur le bouton poussoir 130, ce qui a pour effet de soulever de son siège 124 le clapet 34' par l'intermédiaire de la tige 128. Le liquide à haute pression dans la chambre interne 120 s'écoule par l'orifice 122 vers la demi-chambre aval 104a. Il s'établit dans la demi-chambre 104a une pression moyenne MP, supérieure à la basse pression LP qui règne dans la chambre 15 du fait de la restriction 112. Cette moyenne pression est suffisante pour vaincre la force développée par le ressort de rappel 115, ce qui provoque le soulèvement du piston 100. En effet, la demi-chambre amont 104b est à la basse pression grâce aux orifices 144 ménagés dans la paroi d'extrémité 110. Le soulèvement du piston 100 entraîne bien sûr celui du tube 116 et du piston 156. L'effet de ce soulèvement sera explicité ultérieurement. Tant que le tube 116 ne s'est pas déplacé de la distance x', le clapet principal 16' est maintenu sur son siège par le ressort de rappel 162.When the user wants to control the opening of the control valve, he acts on the push button 130, which has the effect of lifting from his seat 124 the valve 34 'via the rod 128. The liquid at high pressure in the internal chamber 120 flows through the orifice 122 towards the downstream half-chamber 104a. There is established in the half-chamber 104a an average pressure MP, greater than the low pressure LP which prevails in the chamber 15 due to the restriction 112. This medium pressure is sufficient to overcome the force developed by the return spring 115 , which causes the piston 100 to be raised. In fact, the upstream half-chamber 104b is at low pressure thanks to the orifices 144 formed in the end wall 110. The lifting of the piston 100 of course causes that of the tube 116 and piston 156. The effect of this lifting will be explained later. As long as the tube 116 has not moved by the distance x ', the main valve 16' is held in its seat by the return spring 162.

Lorsque l'utilisateur continue d'appuyer sur le bouton 130, le tube 116 continue de se soulever et sa collerette 160 entre en contact avec le clapet principal 16' et provoque l'ouverture de celui-ci. Le liquide à haute pression peut alors traverser le siège 18' du clapet principal et les ouvertures 148 de la virole 106 pour pénétrer dans la chambre 15 et s'écouler dans la partie aval 14' de la lance de distribution.When the user continues to press the button 130, the tube 116 continues to lift and its flange 160 comes into contact with the main valve 16 'and causes the opening thereof. The high pressure liquid can then pass through the seat 18 ′ of the main valve and the openings 148 of the ferrule 106 to enter the chamber 15 and flow into the downstream part 14 ′ of the dispensing lance.

Si l'utilisateur cesse d'appuyer sur le bouton de commande 130, le clapet pilote 34' revient en appui sur son siège 124. Le liquide à haute pression ne peut plus pénétrer dans la demi-chambre aval 104a. La moyenne pression dans la demi-chambre 104a diminue donc, ce qui provoque l'abaissement du piston 100 et donc du tube 116 et de sa collerette 160. Le clapet principal 16' peut donc se rapprocher de son siège sous l'effet du ressort de rappel 162. Lorsque le clapet 16' atteint son siège, la collerette 160 continue à suivre le mouvement du piston pour finalement retrouver la distance x' entre 16' et 160. Si l'utilisateur n'appuie pas à nouveau sur le bouton 130, le clapet pilote reste sur son siège et, la pression continuant de chuter dans la demi-chambre 104a, le piston 100 reprend sa position initiale basse, ce qui a pour effet de provoquer la fermeture du clapet principal 16' sous l'effet du ressort de rappel 162. Le débit d'hydrocarbure à la sortie de la lance est alors totalement interrompu.If the user stops pressing the control button 130, the pilot valve 34 'comes to rest on its seat 124. The high pressure liquid can no longer penetrate the downstream half-chamber 104a. The medium pressure in the half-chamber 104a therefore decreases, which causes the piston 100 and therefore the tube 116 and its collar 160 to be lowered. The main valve 16 ' can therefore approach its seat under the effect of the return spring 162. When the valve 16 'reaches its seat, the flange 160 continues to follow the movement of the piston to finally find the distance x' between 16 'and 160. If the user does not press the button 130 again, the pilot valve remains in its seat and, the pressure continuing to drop in the half-chamber 104a, the piston 100 returns to its initial low position, which has the effect of cause the main valve 16 'to be closed under the effect of the return spring 162. The flow of hydrocarbon at the outlet of the lance is then completely interrupted.

Dans la description précédente du mode de réalisation de l'invention, on a seulement décrit la commande assistée du clapet principal 16' de la lance. Cependant, ce mode de réalisation peut également comprendre un clapet d'extrémité dont l'ouverture est commandée avant celle du clapet principal 16'. Le clapet d'extrémité et la chambre qui commande directement l'ouverture de ce clapet sont rigoureusement identiques au clapet d'extrémité 62 et à la chambre 72 de la figure 1. On se contentera donc de décrire comment la chambre 72 est alimentée en liquide sous pression lorsque l'utilisateur agit sur le bouton poussoir 130.In the previous description of the embodiment of the invention, only the assisted control of the main valve 16 'of the lance has been described. However, this embodiment may also include an end valve whose opening is controlled before that of the main valve 16 '. The end valve and the chamber which directly controls the opening of this valve are strictly identical to the end valve 62 and to the chamber 72 in FIG. 1. We will therefore be content to describe how the chamber 72 is supplied with liquid under pressure when the user acts on the push button 130.

Si l'on se réfère plus particulièrement aux figures 3 et 4, on voit que la pièce 140 est percée d'un certain nombre de conduits qui n'ont pas encore été décrits. La face supérieure 170 de la partie 145 de la pièce 140 formant étrier est percée d'un orifice axial 172 qui débouche dans un canal 174 horizontal ménagé dans la partie 145 de la pièce 140. Les deux extrémités du canal 174 sont respectivement raccordées à des canaux 176 et 178 percés dans les branches verticales 180 et 182 de la pièce en U 144. Les canaux 176 et 178 sont, à leur tour, raccordés à des canaux radiaux 184 et 186 percés dans la base 142 de la pièce 140 et qui débouchent dans la face latérale de la base 142. L'orifice 172 peut être fermé par un obturateur 188 qui est plaqué contre la face 170 de la pièce 145 par un ressort de rappel 190. Le ressort de rappel 190 est monté entre la face supérieure de l'obturateur 188 et une pièce 192 en forme d'équerre solidaire de la face 170.If we refer more particularly to Figures 3 and 4, we see that the part 140 is pierced with a number of conduits which have not yet been described. The upper face 170 of the part 145 of the part 140 forming a stirrup is pierced with an axial orifice 172 which opens into a horizontal channel 174 formed in the part 145 of the part 140. The two ends of the channel 174 are respectively connected to channels 176 and 178 drilled in the vertical branches 180 and 182 of the U-shaped part 144. Channels 176 and 178 are, in turn, connected to radial channels 184 and 186 drilled in the base 142 of the part 140 and which open out in the lateral face of the base 142. The orifice 172 can be closed by a shutter 188 which is pressed against the face 170 of the part 145 by a return spring 190. The return spring 190 is mounted between the upper face of shutter 188 and a piece 192 in the form of a square fixed to the face 170.

Si l'on revient à la figure 4, on voit que l'obturateur 188 est muni sur sa face inférieure de deux doigts verticaux 194 et 196 qui sont donc parallèles à l'axe xx' du clapet principal 16'. L'extrémité libre des doigts 194 et 196 pénètre dans des perçages verticaux 198 et 200 ménagés dans la partie 145 de la pièce 144. Les perçages 198 et 200 débouchent dans la face inférieure de la partie 145 en regard de la face supérieure du deuxième piston 156. Lorsque le premier piston 100 est en position extrême basse, les extrémités libres des doigts 194 et 196 sont très légèrement en retrait par rapport à la face supérieure du deuxième piston 156.If we return to Figure 4, we see that the shutter 188 is provided on its underside with two vertical fingers 194 and 196 which are therefore parallel to the axis xx 'of the main valve 16'. The free end of the fingers 194 and 196 penetrates into vertical holes 198 and 200 formed in the part 145 of the part 144. The holes 198 and 200 open into the lower face of the part 145 opposite the upper face of the second piston 156. When the first piston 100 is in the extreme low position, the free ends of the fingers 194 and 196 are very slightly set back relative to the upper face of the second piston 156.

La figure 2 montre que le canal radial 186 est raccordé à la canalisation 88 qui alimente la chambre 72 (non représentée sur la figure 2) de commande du clapet d'extrémité 62 de la lance (également non représentée sur la figure 2). Cette figure montre également que le canal 176 de la pièce 144 est convergent et constitue la moitié d'un venturi dont l'autre moitié est référencée 202. Le canal radial 184 de la pièce 140 débouche dans le col 204 de ce venturi. Ce venturi associé au canal 184 sert à détecter la fin du remplissage en hydrocarbure du réservoir du véhicule et à interdire l'actionnement du bouton poussoir 130 en réponse à cette détection. Comme ces systèmes d'une part sont bien connus et d'autre part ne font pas partie de la présente invention on ne les a pas décrits.Figure 2 shows that the radial channel 186 is connected to the pipe 88 which supplies the chamber 72 (not shown in Figure 2) for controlling the end valve 62 of the lance (also not shown in Figure 2). This figure also shows that the channel 176 of the part 144 is convergent and constitutes half of a venturi, the other half of which is referenced 202. The radial channel 184 of the part 140 opens into the neck 204 of this venturi. This venturi associated with channel 184 is used to detect the end of the filling of the vehicle tank with hydrocarbon and to prohibit actuation of the push button 130 in response to this detection. As these systems on the one hand are well known and on the other hand do not form part of the present invention, they have not been described.

Le fonctionnement du circuit de commande du clapet d'extrémité est le suivant :
   Lorsque le bouton poussoir 130 est au repos, les doigts 194 et 196 du piston 156 n'agissent pas sur l'obturateur 188. Les canaux 174, 178 et 186 ainsi que la canalisation 88 ne sont donc pas alimentés en liquide à haute pression et le clapet d'extrémité reste fermé.The operation of the end valve control circuit is as follows:
When the push button 130 is at rest, the fingers 194 and 196 of the piston 156 do not act on the shutter 188. The channels 174, 178 and 186 as well as the pipe 88 are therefore not supplied with high pressure liquid and the end valve remains closed.

Lorsque l'utilisateur commence à appuyer sur le bouton poussoir 130, le clapet pilote 34' se soulève de son siège, ce qui initialise le soulèvement du premier piston 100 selon le processus déjà décrit. Le soulèvement du piston 100 entraîne celui du deuxième piston 156. Il en résulte que les doigts 194 et 196 entrent en contact avec le piston 156, ce qui entraîne le soulèvement de l'obturateur 188. Le liquide à haute pression de la partie amont 12' de la lance panètre alors dans l'orifice 172 et, vie les canaux 174, 178 et 186, dans la canalisation 88, ce qui provoque l'ouverture du clapet d'extrémité comme celà a été décrit en liaison avec la figure 1. Il faut rappeler que, dans cette phase initiale, le clapet principal 16' reste fermé puisque, en raison du jeu x', la collerette 160 de la tige 116 n'est pas encore entrée en contact avec le clapet principal 16'. Simultanément, le venturi 176, 202 est alimenté. L'obturateur 188 reste ouvert tant que l'utilisateur agit sur le bouton poussoir 130.When the user begins to press the push button 130, the pilot valve 34 'lifts from its seat, which initiates the lifting of the first piston 100 according to the process already described. The lifting of the piston 100 causes that of the second piston 156. It follows that the fingers 194 and 196 come into contact with the piston 156, which causes the lifting of the shutter 188. The high pressure liquid from the upstream part 12 'of the lance pan then in the orifice 172 and, life the channels 174, 178 and 186, in the pipeline 88, which causes the opening of the end valve as that has been described in connection with Figure 1. It should be recalled that, in this initial phase, the main valve 16 'remains closed since, due to the clearance x', the flange 160 of the rod 116 has not yet come into contact with the main valve 16 '. Simultaneously, the venturi 176, 202 is supplied. The shutter 188 remains open as long as the user acts on the push button 130.

Lorsque l'utilisateur cesse d'agir sur le bouton poussoir 130, le clapet pilote 34' puis le clapet principal 16' se referment, ce qui interrompt le débit d'hydrocarbure. L'obturateur 188 se referme à son tour lorsque le premier piston 100 est revenu à sa position initiale, c'est-à-dire très peu de temps après la fermeture du clapet principal 16', ce temps étant défini par le jeu x'.When the user stops acting on the push button 130, the pilot valve 34 'then the main valve 16' close, which interrupts the flow of hydrocarbon. The shutter 188 closes in turn when the first piston 100 has returned to its initial position, that is to say very shortly after the closing of the main valve 16 ', this time being defined by the clearance x' .

Il résulte de la description précédente que l'invention permet effectivement de résoudre les problèmes posés. L'organe externe de commande de la lance n'agit directement que sur le clapet pilote dont la section soumise à la haute pression est très réduite. L'effort que doit exercer l'usager est donc également très réduit. En outre, le clapet d'extrémité de la lance est commandé avec précision en relation temporelle avec le clapet principal de la lance. Il remplit donc efficacement sa fonction qui consiste à éviter l'égouttage de l'hydrocarbure sur le sol lors de l'extraction de la lance hors du réservoir du véhicule.It follows from the preceding description that the invention effectively solves the problems posed. The external lance control member acts directly only on the pilot valve, the section of which is subjected to high pressure is very small. The effort which the user must exert is therefore also very reduced. In addition, the end valve of the lance is precisely controlled in temporal relation to the main valve of the lance. It therefore effectively fulfills its function which consists in avoiding the dripping of the hydrocarbon on the ground during the extraction of the lance from the vehicle tank.

Il est également important de souligner que le clapet principal 16 ou 16', le clapet pilote 34 ou 34' et le clapet de venturi 74 ou 188 sont tous les trois en sécurité positive, c'est-à-dire fermés avec la haute pression. En d'autres termes, une surpression accidentelle ne peut que tendre à fermer davantage ces clapets.It is also important to underline that the main valve 16 or 16 ', the pilot valve 34 or 34' and the venturi valve 74 or 188 are all in positive safety, i.e. closed with high pressure . In other words, accidental overpressure cannot than tend to close these valves more.

Il faut enfin remarquer que le clapet principal "poursuit" le clapet pilote, c'est-à-dire que le clapet pilote ne se contente pas de faciliter l'ouverture du clapet principal. Il impose par sa position la position du clapet principal, c'est-à-dire son ouverture et donc le débit de la lance.Finally, it should be noted that the main valve "continues" the pilot valve, that is to say that the pilot valve is not satisfied with facilitating the opening of the main valve. It imposes by its position the position of the main valve, that is to say its opening and therefore the flow rate of the lance.

Claims (3)

  1. A hydrocarbon dispenser nozzle comprising a main valve with a valve member (16') co-operating with a main seat (18') disposed between said upstream portion (12') of high pressure (HP) and a main chamber (15) connected to a downstream portion of low pressure (BP), an external control member (130) being connected to a first mechanical member (128) for causing a pilot valve (34') to open in response to said external control member being actuated, characterized in that said main chamber comprises a downstream chamber (104a) closed by a first moving piston (100), in that the opening of said pilot valve causes said downstream chamber to be fed with liquid at a middle pressure (MP) lying between the high pressure (HP) of said upstream portion (12') and the low pressure (BP) of said downstream portion (14'), said middle pressure (MP) being suitable for moving said first piston, and in that said nozzle further includes a second mechanical member (116) actuated by said first piston moving, and in that the actuation of said second mechanical member causes said main valve member (16') to move away from said main seat (18').
  2. A dispenser nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that said first piston (100) includes an internal chamber communicating with the downstream chamber (104a) via a ball (122) forming a seat (124) for a valve member of said pilot valve (34'), which valve member is mounted inside said internal chamber, said internal chamber being connected at a first end to a rigid tube (116) constituting said second mechanical member, said tube passing freely through said main valve member (16') via a bore (20') formed therethrough, the second end (154) of said tube being open and being fed permanently with the high pressure liquid under high pressure (HP) in the upstream portion (12') of the nozzle.
  3. A dispenser nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that it further includes an auxiliary valve (172, 188) for controlling the flow of high pressure (HP) liquid from the upstream portion (12') of the nozzle into a duct (174, 178,186,88), a control chamber (72) connected to said duct, and an end valve (62) disposed at the open end (66) of said nozzle, said end valve being opened by said high pressure (HP) liquid penetrating into said control chamber, and a third mechanical member (176, 194, 196) co-operating with the second end (154) of said tube (116), said third mechanical member being suitable for opening said auxiliary valve when said first piston (100) moves.
EP91202765A 1990-11-02 1991-10-25 Fuelling nozzle with power assist opening Expired - Lifetime EP0489448B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9013622A FR2668761B1 (en) 1990-11-02 1990-11-02 HYDROCARBON DISPENSING LANCE.
FR9013622 1990-11-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0489448A1 EP0489448A1 (en) 1992-06-10
EP0489448B1 true EP0489448B1 (en) 1994-12-28

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EP91202765A Expired - Lifetime EP0489448B1 (en) 1990-11-02 1991-10-25 Fuelling nozzle with power assist opening

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US (1) US5337797A (en)
EP (1) EP0489448B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05196169A (en)
AT (1) ATE116269T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69106333T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0489448T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2066342T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2668761B1 (en)

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US6062534A (en) 1997-04-25 2000-05-16 Fisher Controls International Double acting rotary valve actuator
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69106333T2 (en) 1995-05-18
EP0489448A1 (en) 1992-06-10
DK0489448T3 (en) 1995-03-20
US5337797A (en) 1994-08-16
JPH05196169A (en) 1993-08-06
DE69106333D1 (en) 1995-02-09
FR2668761B1 (en) 1996-06-21
FR2668761A1 (en) 1992-05-07
ATE116269T1 (en) 1995-01-15
ES2066342T3 (en) 1995-03-01

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