EP0483322A1 - Smelting plant with two adjacent smelting furnaces. - Google Patents

Smelting plant with two adjacent smelting furnaces.

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Publication number
EP0483322A1
EP0483322A1 EP91909420A EP91909420A EP0483322A1 EP 0483322 A1 EP0483322 A1 EP 0483322A1 EP 91909420 A EP91909420 A EP 91909420A EP 91909420 A EP91909420 A EP 91909420A EP 0483322 A1 EP0483322 A1 EP 0483322A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
melting
furnace
vessel
shaft
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91909420A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0483322B1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Ehle
Gerhard Fuchs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuchs Technology AG
Original Assignee
Fuchs Technology AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Fuchs Technology AG filed Critical Fuchs Technology AG
Publication of EP0483322A1 publication Critical patent/EP0483322A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/04—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5252—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an electrically heated multi-chamber furnace, a combination of electric furnaces or an electric furnace arranged for associated working with a non electric furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F27B3/183—Charging of arc furnaces vertically through the roof, e.g. in three points
    • F27B3/186—Charging in a vertical chamber adjacent to the melting chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a melting unit according to the preamble of claim i and a method for operating such a melting unit according to the preamble of claim 18.
  • a smelting unit of this type has become known, for example, from DE-Al-32 32 139. It contains two melting furnaces arranged next to one another, to which melting energy is alternately supplied by means of a heating device in the form of arc electrodes. While the melting process is taking place in one melting furnace, the other melting furnace is tapped, recharged and the exhaust gases from the furnace in the melting mode are passed through the other furnace to preheat this batch. In this way, a more uniform utilization of the power supply and increased productivity are achieved.
  • the heat content of the furnace exhaust gases produced during the melting and refining process is used to preheat the feed material of the other melting furnace, and the passage of the exhaust gases through the feed material also reduces the amount of dust and thus the load on the downstream dedusting device.
  • the furnace gases are drawn off through the cover and introduced into the adjacent furnace vessel in the lower jacket area.
  • the furnace exhaust gases cannot be used for preheating feed material in the initial phase of the melting process, since in this phase the other melting furnace is tapped, serviced and recharged.
  • a melting unit with an electric arc furnace which contains an oven vessel with a shaft-shaped charge preheater arranged laterally thereon, the interior of which is connected to the interior of the electric arc furnace in a region adjoining its base by a connecting zone and which has in its upper area a closable loading device for the charge and a gas outlet.
  • a smelting unit of this type allows a good utilization of the thermal energy of the furnace exhaust gas as long as the shaft-shaped charge preheater is at least partially filled.
  • the manhole-shaped charge preheater is emptied, this advantage is lost unless special measures are taken to ensure that feed material is retained in the manhole-shaped charge preheater even in this operating state.
  • the object of the invention is to enable, in a melting unit of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, a preheating of metallic feed material with the furnace gases of the furnace in the melting mode and a rough dedusting of these furnace gases by feed material even during the initial phase of the melting process , around to make better use of the heat content of the furnace exhaust gases and to reduce the total amount of dust.
  • This should be possible without having to expose the opening for introducing the furnace gases of the other melting furnace to the effect of melt spraying.
  • a Ver ⁇ to go to the operation of such Einschmelzaggregates will give ange ⁇ .
  • the melting unit according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 1. Advantageous configurations of this unit can be found in claims 2 to 17.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 18. Advantageous embodiments of the method can be found in the remaining claims.
  • the hot furnace gases generated during the melting and refining process are preheated and the gases are filtered in the process , be it through the feed material in the shaft of the furnace in which the melting process is initiated, be it through the use of material in the shaft of the other furnace if the feed column of the shaft in the first furnace has sunk so far that it does not perform this task can take over more.
  • the gas flow can be controlled accordingly by lockable gas lines.
  • the gas inlet is preferably arranged in the upper jacket region of the vessel, in the vessel lid or in the lower region of the wall of the shaft of the melting furnace. As a result, the gas is supplied at a point that is not exposed to the effects of melt or slag splashes.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a Einschmelzaggregates accordance with this invention from the left furnace vessel corresponds • ferntem G ⁇ fäßdeckel;
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of this melting unit
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of section III-III of FIG. 1 with the vessel lid of the left oven vessel moved back into the closed position.
  • the melting unit shown in the figures contains two melting furnaces 1/1 and 1/2 and a heating device 2 arranged next to one another, by means of which heating energy can optionally be supplied to one of the melting furnaces in order to melt and melt the input material, such as steel scrap, of the relevant melting furnace Bring to the tapping temperature.
  • Each melting furnace contains a furnace vessel 3/1 or 3/2, which can be closed by a vessel lid 4/1 or 4/2.
  • the heating device 2 is designed as an arc device and contains three arc electrodes 5, each of which is carried by a support arm 6. These can be raised and lowered by means of an electrode lifting and swiveling device 7 and, as shown in FIG. 1 by a double arrow 8, can be swiveled laterally. They can be inserted into the first oven vessel 3/1 or into the second oven vessel 3/2 through the electrode passage openings 9/1 or 9/2 provided in the vessel lids 4/1 or 4/2.
  • the top view of the electrode lifting and swiveling device 7 is determined by the tip of an isosceles triangle, the base of which is the center between the respective because three electrode passage openings 9/1 and 9/2 are connected.
  • the electrodes are connected in the usual way to the three phases of a transformer 10 which trodes with the Elek ⁇ an arc operation for introducing the required for the melting process heat allowed. With everyone
  • Melting furnace 1/1 or 1/2 is on one side, and in the present case on the side facing away from the adjacent vessel, an outer segment of the vessel lid through a shaft fastened in a holding structure 11/1 or 11/2 12/1 or 12/2 replaced, which in its upper region has a closable loading opening 13/1 or 13/2 for the use at ⁇ rial and a gas outlet 14/1 or 14/2.
  • Each of the shafts 12/1 or 12/2 is almost rectangular in plan view, with an interior 15/1 or 15/2 that widens downwards. This can be closed by means of a manhole cover 16/1 or 16/2, which has the cross section shown in FIG. 3 in the form of an inverted U, and is horizontally displaceable on rails 17/1 or 17/2. 3 shows the shaft 12/1 in the closed state and the shaft 12/2 in the opened state, in which feed material can be charged into the shaft by means of a charge container 18.
  • the furnace vessels 3/1 and 3/2 are each formed as an oval delimited on one side by a straight line (see left furnace vessel in FIG. 1), the lower opening of the shaft in the section through the straight wall and the adjoining sections of the oval-shaped vessel area opens out.
  • the vessel lid 4/1 or 4/2 is detachably attached to the holding structure 11/1 or 11/2 of the associated shaft 12/1 or 12/2.
  • the furnace vessels are fastened in frames 18/1 and 18/2, which in turn are mounted on lifting devices 19/1 and 19/2.
  • Each of the lifting devices contains four lifting cylinders which act on the corners of the rectangular frame in plan view, the lifting cylinders in each case being rotatably connected to the frames 18/1 and 18/2 on one side via hinge joints 20/1 and 20/2 are.
  • This enables both a lowering movement of the furnace vessels 3/1 or 3/2 and a tilting movement for parting off the vessels through a tap hole, not shown, which is present in the base.
  • the tilting process is perpendicular to the plane of the paper.
  • pans 21/1 and 21/2 are shown in FIG. 2 for receiving the liquid metal from the furnace vessels.
  • melting furnaces can be closed by a cover plate 30 (see FIG. 3).
  • a gas line system is provided which is described in the following.
  • Each of the gas outlets 14/1 or 14/2 can be shut off by gas lines either via a filter device with an exhaust gas chimney or with a gas inlet 22/2 or 22/1 in the cover 4/2 or 4/1 of the adjacent melting furnace 1 / 2 or 1/1 connectable.
  • the gas line system of the exemplary embodiment is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the shut-off elements can be designed, for example, as swivel flaps or slides which can be actuated by actuators.
  • the two outer gas line sections are connected via branches to the gas outlets 14/1 and 14/2 of the shafts 12/1 and 12/2, the middle section via branches and elbows 27/1 and 27/2 to the gas inlet 22/1 or 22/2 in the lid of the first or second furnace. In the latter branches there are further shut-off devices 28/1 and 28/2.
  • the holding construction 11/1 or 11/2 of each shaft, including the cover held by it, can be moved parallel to the connecting line between the center lines of the shafts on rails 29/1 and 29/2.
  • 1 shows the vessel lid 4/2 in the position moved to the side, in which the oven vessel for charging the contents of a charge material container is released directly into the oven vessel.
  • the relevant container Before moving the lid with the holding device, the relevant container must be slightly lowered by means of the lifting devices 19/1 and 19/2.
  • the Krüm ⁇ mer 27/2 is firmly connected to the gas inlet 22/2 and 11/2 zu ⁇ together with the Haltekonstrukion process.
  • the elbows must therefore be releasably connected to the associated branches of the gas line 23.
  • the accessibility of the upper opening of the furnace vessel for a direct charging of insert material into this vessel could also be ensured with a stationary design of the cover by the furnace vessels being movable perpendicular to the connecting line between the center lines of the shafts. This modification is not shown.
  • the electrodes 5 are raised and swiveled away to the side.
  • the furnace vessel is lowered somewhat by means of the lifting device 19/1.
  • the retaining structure 11/1 is moved on the rails 29/1 to the side, ie. H. moved to the right from the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that the opening of the vessel 3/1 is free for the charging process.
  • the lid with the shaft is moved back into the operating position by means of its holding device and the furnace vessel is raised by means of the lifting device 19/1 until the rim of the vessel closes tightly with the lid.
  • shut-off devices of the gas line 23 are controlled so that the gas outlet 14/1 of the shaft 12/1 is connected to the connecting line 24/1, ie the shut-off devices 26/1 and 28/1 must be closed and the shut-off device 25/1 be opened.
  • the electrodes 5 are brought into the operating position for the welding furnace 1/1 by the electrode lifting and swiveling device 7 and the arcs are ignited have been initiated, the melting process in this furnace.
  • Burners can also be provided as a heating device instead of or in addition to the arc electrodes (not shown).
  • the second furnace vessel 3/2 can be used in the same way as before the first phase of the melting process
  • Oven vessel to be charged After charging this vessel, if there is a second heating device, for. B. burners and with closed shut-off devices 28/2 and 26/2 and open shut-off device 25/2 can already be started with heating this batch.
  • a second heating device for. B. burners and with closed shut-off devices 28/2 and 26/2 and open shut-off device 25/2 can already be started with heating this batch.
  • the exhaust gases in the first melting furnace 1/1 are sufficiently cooled by the feed material in the shaft 12/1. These exhaust gases are fed directly to the filter house, ie the dedusting device, via a fan.
  • the filter house ie the dedusting device
  • the exhaust gas is circulated into the vessel of the second melting furnace 1/2 and through through the shaft 12/2 of this melting furnace.
  • the shut-off devices 25/1, 28/1 and 26/2 must be closed and the shut-off devices 26/1, 28/2 and 25/2 must be open.
  • the gas is introduced from the upper end of the shaft of the first melting furnace 1/1 into the second neighboring melting furnace 1/2 through its cover and from there through the shaft 12/2 of this melting furnace and out of the upper gas outlet 14/2 is pulled into the filter house.
  • the dust particles that are in the gas are knocked down in the feed material of the shaft 12/2 of the second melting furnace.
  • the electrodes 5 are raised and swivel immediately to the second smelting furnace 1/2, in order to immediately contact the
  • shut-off devices 26/2 and 28/2 must be closed and the shut-off device 25/2 must be open.
  • the first melting furnace 1/1 can now be tapped by actuating the lifting device 19/1 on one side. The tap hole is then checked and filled, and immediately afterwards the entire feed material for the next melt is filled into the furnace vessel or into the shaft.
  • closed shut-off devices 28/1 and 26/1 and open shut-off device 25/1 the preheating of this batch can be started.
  • the shut-off devices 25/2, 28/2 and 26/1 In the second phase of the melting process in the 1/2 shaft furnace, the shut-off devices 25/2, 28/2 and 26/1 must be closed and the shut-off devices 26/2, 28/1 and 25/1 must be open.
  • a very good exhaust gas utilization and filtering of the exhaust gas is given in that the furnace gases are first passed through the shaft of their own melting furnace, while the other melting furnace is tapped and charged, and that when the exhaust gas temperature of the first shaft has risen sufficiently or that Scrap column here due to the melting process almost to the height of the vessel lid ken is that the furnace gases are passed into the other vessel and there through the filled scrap shaft.
  • the diversion can be carried out in a simple manner by controlling the shut-off device.
  • the heating device Since the electrodes are swiveled to the other melting furnace immediately after the feed material has been melted in one melting furnace and brought to the tapping temperature and the melting process is started here, it is possible, for example, for the heating device to be switched on for 32 minutes per melting furnace 2 minutes for sampling and 1 minute for swiveling the electrodes achieve a tap-to-tap time of about 35 minutes with the described melting unit.
  • the gas lines which each lead from the gas outlet of the shaft of one melting furnace to the gas inlet in the cover of the other melting furnace have branches to the dedusting device.
  • a second gas outlet can also be provided in the upper region of the shaft, which is connected to the dedusting device by a gas line that can be shut off. It is also not necessary that the gas inlet is provided in the cover. It can also be arranged in the lower region of the shaft or in the upper jacket region of the furnace vessel of the melting furnace 1/1 or 1/2.
  • the separation from the upper vessel edge required for a transverse displacement of the vessel lid is brought about by lowering by means of the lifting device of the furnace vessel, which at the same time enables the vessel to be tilted for tapping.
  • Separation from the edge of the vessel can also be brought about by lifting the holding structure in which the vessel lid is detachably fastened.
  • a charge column is formed by charging the second and third scrap basket into the upper shaft opening, which column is supported on the bottom of the vessel and fills the shaft.
  • material is melted from the lower area of the insert material column, so that its height is continuously reduced.
  • a further possible variation is to arrange a movable locking member in the lower region of the shaft, which replaces part of the vessel lid, which, from a closed position in which it forms a support for insert material, into a freezer compartment for charging feed material into the furnace vessel is movable. This makes it possible, at the beginning of the melting process in the shaft of the furnace concerned, to hold back the insert columns without reducing their height until the movable locking member releases them into the furnace vessel, thereby increasing the possible variations in the process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
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  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
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Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP91/00916 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 16, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 16, 1992 PCT Filed May 16, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/18120 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 28, 1991.In a smelting plant including two melting furnaces which are arranged in juxtaposed relationship and which are operated alternately, wherein the furnace gases which are produced in the melting process are respectively introduced into the other melting furnace for the purposes of preheating the charging material, associated with each melting furnace is a shaft which is loaded with charging material, and the waste gases from the furnace which is in the melting mode of operation are introduced from the shaft, after charging of the other furnace, through the cover of the other furnace, and are removed from the shaft thereof. That procedure, throughout the entire smelting operation, permits preheating of charging material and filtration of the furnace gases when they are passed through the charging material.

Description

EINSCHMELZAGGREGAT MIT ZWEI NEBENEINANDER ANGEORDNETEN SCHMELZÖFEN MELTING UNIT WITH TWO Melting Furnaces Arranged Next To Each Other
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Einschmelzaggregat nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs i sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Einschmelzaggregates nach dem Oberbe- griff des Patentanspruchs 18.The invention relates to a melting unit according to the preamble of claim i and a method for operating such a melting unit according to the preamble of claim 18.
Ein Einschmelzaggregat dieser Art ist beispielsweise durch die DE-Al-32 32 139 bekannt geworden. Es enthält zwei ne¬ beneinander angeordnete Schmelzöfen, denen mittels einer Heizeinrichtung in Form von Lichtbogenεlektroden abwech¬ selnd Schmelzenergie zugeführt wird. Während in dem einen Schmelzofen der Schmelzvorgang abläuft, wird der andere Schmelzofen abgestochen, erneut chargiert und es werden zum Vorheizen dieser Charge die Abgase des im Schmelzbetrieb befindlichen Ofens durch den anderen Ofen geleitet. Auf diese Weise wird eine gleichmäßigere Ausnutzung der Strom¬ versorgung und eine erhöhte Produktivität erreicht. Ferner wird der Wärmeinhalt der beim Schmelz- und Feinungsprozeß entstehenden Ofεnabgase zur Vorwärmung des Einsatzmaterials des jeweils anderen Schmelzofens ausgenutzt und durch das Hindurchleiten der Abgase durch das Einsatzmaterial auch der Staubanfall und damit die Belastung der nachgeschalte¬ ten Entstaubungseinrichtung vermindert.A smelting unit of this type has become known, for example, from DE-Al-32 32 139. It contains two melting furnaces arranged next to one another, to which melting energy is alternately supplied by means of a heating device in the form of arc electrodes. While the melting process is taking place in one melting furnace, the other melting furnace is tapped, recharged and the exhaust gases from the furnace in the melting mode are passed through the other furnace to preheat this batch. In this way, a more uniform utilization of the power supply and increased productivity are achieved. Furthermore, the heat content of the furnace exhaust gases produced during the melting and refining process is used to preheat the feed material of the other melting furnace, and the passage of the exhaust gases through the feed material also reduces the amount of dust and thus the load on the downstream dedusting device.
Um eine möglichst gleichmäßige Durchgasung des vorzuheizen¬ den Materials zu erreichen und gleichzeitig ein Zusetzen der Gasleitung durch Chargenpartikel oder Schmelzenspritzer zu vermeiden, werden die Ofengase durch den Deckel abgezo¬ gen und im unteren Mantelbereich in das benachbarte Ofenge- faß eingeleitet. 3ei dem bekannten Einschmelzaggregat können die Ofenabgase in der Anfangsphase des Schmelzprozεsses nicht zum Vorwär¬ men von Einsatzmaterial genutzt werden, da in dieser Phase der andere Schmelzofen abgestochen, gewartet und neu char¬ giert wird.In order to achieve the most uniform possible gas flow through the material to be preheated and at the same time to avoid clogging of the gas line by batch particles or melt splashes, the furnace gases are drawn off through the cover and introduced into the adjacent furnace vessel in the lower jacket area. In the known melting unit, the furnace exhaust gases cannot be used for preheating feed material in the initial phase of the melting process, since in this phase the other melting furnace is tapped, serviced and recharged.
Außerdem bedingt das Einleiten der Gase im unteren Bereich der Gefäßwand Probleme, weil die hierfür notwendige Öffnung der Einwirkung von Schmelzenspritzern ausgesetzt ist.In addition, the introduction of the gases in the lower region of the vessel wall causes problems because the opening required for this is exposed to the effects of melt splashes.
Durch das DE-Gbm 84 12 739 ist ein Einschmelzaggregat mit einem Lichtbogenofen bekannt geworden, der ein Ofengefäß mit einem seitlich an diesem angeordneten schachtfδrmigen Chargiergutvorwärmer enthält, dessen Innenraum in einem an seinem Boden angrenzenden Bereich durch eine Verbindungs¬ zone mit dem Innenraum des Lichtbogenofens verbunden ist, und der in seinem oberen Bereich eine verschließbare Be¬ schickungseinrichtung für Chargiergut und einen Gasauslaß aufweist. Ein Einschmelzaggregat dieser Art erlaubt so lange eine gute Ausnutzung der Wärmeenergie der Ofenabgase, so lange der schachtför ige Chargiergutvorwärmer wenigstens noch teilweise gefüllt ist. Am Ende der Einschmelzphase und während der Feinungsphase . wenn der schachtförmige Char- giergutvorwär er geleert ist, entfällt dieser Vorteil, wenn nicht durch besondere Maßnahmen gewährleistet ist, daß auch in diesem Betriebszustand Einsatzmaterial im schachtförmi- gen Chargiergutvorwärmer zurückgehalten wird.From DE-Gbm 84 12 739, a melting unit with an electric arc furnace has become known, which contains an oven vessel with a shaft-shaped charge preheater arranged laterally thereon, the interior of which is connected to the interior of the electric arc furnace in a region adjoining its base by a connecting zone and which has in its upper area a closable loading device for the charge and a gas outlet. A smelting unit of this type allows a good utilization of the thermal energy of the furnace exhaust gas as long as the shaft-shaped charge preheater is at least partially filled. At the end of the melting phase and during the refining phase. if the manhole-shaped charge preheater is emptied, this advantage is lost unless special measures are taken to ensure that feed material is retained in the manhole-shaped charge preheater even in this operating state.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, bei einem Einschmelzaggregat der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Art, ein Vor¬ heizen von metallischem Einsatzmaterial mit den Ofengasen des im Schmelzbetrieb befindlichen Ofens und eine Grobent- staubung dieser Ofengase durch Einsatzmaterial auch während der Anfangsphase des Schmelzprozesses zu ermöglichen, um eine bessere Nutzung des Wärmeinhalts der Ofenabgase und eine Verminderung des gesamten Staubanfalls zu erzielen. Dies soll möglich sein, ohne die Öffnung zum Einleiten der Ofengase des anderen Schmelzofens der Einwirkung von Schmelzenspritzen aussetzen zu müssen. Ferner soll ein Ver¬ fahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Einschmelzaggregates ange¬ geben werden.The object of the invention is to enable, in a melting unit of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, a preheating of metallic feed material with the furnace gases of the furnace in the melting mode and a rough dedusting of these furnace gases by feed material even during the initial phase of the melting process , around to make better use of the heat content of the furnace exhaust gases and to reduce the total amount of dust. This should be possible without having to expose the opening for introducing the furnace gases of the other melting furnace to the effect of melt spraying. Furthermore, a Ver ¬ to go to the operation of such Einschmelzaggregates will give ange¬.
Das erfindungsgemäße Einschmelzaggregat ist durch die Merk- male des Anspruchs 1 gekennzeichnet. Vorteilhafte Ausge¬ staltungen dieses Aggregates sind den Ansprüchen 2 bis • 17 zu entnehmen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 18 gekennzeichnet. Vorteilhafte Aus¬ gestaltungen des Verfahrens sind den restlichen Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.The melting unit according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 1. Advantageous configurations of this unit can be found in claims 2 to 17. The method according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 18. Advantageous embodiments of the method can be found in the remaining claims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Einschmelzaggregat kann infolge eines Schachtes, welcher an einer Seite ein äußeres Segment des Gefäßdeckεls ersetzt, während der gesamten Einschalt- zeit der Heizεinrichtung gewährleistet werden, daß mit den beim Einschmelz- und Feinungsprozeß εntstehenden heißen Ofengasen Einsatzmaterial vorgewärmt und die Gase hierbei gefiltert werden, sei es durch das Einsatzmaterial im Schacht des Ofens, in dem der Einschmelzvorgang eingeleitet wird, sei es durch das Ξinsatz aterial im Schacht des ande¬ ren Ofens, wenn im ersten Ofen die Einsatzmaterialsäule des Schachtes so weit abgesunken ist, daß sie diese Aufgabe nicht mehr übernεhmen kann. Die Gasführung ist hierbei durch absperrbare Gasleitungen entsprechend steuerbar. Vor- zugsweise ist der Gaseinlaß im oberen Mantεlbεreich des Ge¬ fäßes, im Gefäßdeckel oder im unteren Bereich der Wand des Schachtes des Schmelzofεns angeordnet. Dadurch erfolgt die Gaszuführung an einer Stelle, die nicht dem Einwirkungsbe- reich von Schmelzen- oder Schlackespritzern ausgesetzt ist. Die Erfindung wird durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel anhand von drei Figuren näher erläutert. Es zεigεn jeweils in schema- tischer Darstellung:In the melting unit according to the invention, as a result of a shaft which replaces an outer segment of the vessel cover on one side, it can be ensured during the entire switching-on time of the heating device that the hot furnace gases generated during the melting and refining process are preheated and the gases are filtered in the process , be it through the feed material in the shaft of the furnace in which the melting process is initiated, be it through the use of material in the shaft of the other furnace if the feed column of the shaft in the first furnace has sunk so far that it does not perform this task can take over more. The gas flow can be controlled accordingly by lockable gas lines. The gas inlet is preferably arranged in the upper jacket region of the vessel, in the vessel lid or in the lower region of the wall of the shaft of the melting furnace. As a result, the gas is supplied at a point that is not exposed to the effects of melt or slag splashes. The invention is explained in more detail by an embodiment with reference to three figures. A schematic representation of each shows:
Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht eines Einschmelzaggregates gemäß dieser Erfindung mit von dem linken Ofengefäß ent- • ferntem Gεfäßdeckel;Fig. 1 is a plan view of a Einschmelzaggregates accordance with this invention from the left furnace vessel corresponds • ferntem Gεfäßdeckel;
Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht dieses Einschmelzaggregates undFig. 2 is a side view of this melting unit and
Fig. 3 ausschnittsweise den Schnitt III-III von Fig. 1 mit in die Verschlußposition zurückgefahrenem Gefäßdek- kel des linken Ofengefäßes.3 shows a section of section III-III of FIG. 1 with the vessel lid of the left oven vessel moved back into the closed position.
Das in den Figuren dargεstεllte Einschmelzaggregat enthält zwei nebeneinander angeordnete Schmelzöfen 1/1 und 1/2 und einε Heizeinrichtung 2, durch diε wahlwεise einem der Schmelzöfen Heizenergiε zuführbar ist, um das Einsatzmate¬ rial, wie Stahlschrott, des betreffenden Schmelzofεns zu εrhitzen, einzuschmelzen und auf Abstichtemperatur zu brin¬ gen. Jeder Schmelzofen enthält ein Ofengefäß 3/1 bzw. 3/2, das durch einen Gefäßdeckel 4/1 bzw. 4/2 verschließbar ist.The melting unit shown in the figures contains two melting furnaces 1/1 and 1/2 and a heating device 2 arranged next to one another, by means of which heating energy can optionally be supplied to one of the melting furnaces in order to melt and melt the input material, such as steel scrap, of the relevant melting furnace Bring to the tapping temperature. Each melting furnace contains a furnace vessel 3/1 or 3/2, which can be closed by a vessel lid 4/1 or 4/2.
Die Heizεinrichtung 2 ist als Lichtbogεneinrichtung ausge- bildet und enthält drei Lichtbogenelεktroden 5, die jeweils von einem Tragarm 6 getragen werden. Diese sind mittels ei¬ ner Elektrodεnhub- und Schwenkvorrichtung 7 anhebbar und absenkbar und, wie in Fig. 1 durch einen Doppelpfeil 8 dar¬ gestellt, seitlich verschwenkbar. Sie lassen sich durch in den Gefäßdeckeln 4/1 bzw. 4/2 vorhandene Elektrodendurch- trittsöffnungen 9/1 bzw. 9/2 wahlweise in das erste Ofenge¬ fäß 3/1 oder in das zweite Ofengefäß 3/2 einfahren. Die La¬ ge der Elektrodenhub- und Schwenkvorrichtung 7 ist in der Draufsicht durch die Spitze eines gleichschenkligen Drei- ecks bestimmt, dessen Basis die Zentren zwischen den je- weils drei Elektrodendurchtrittsöffnungen 9/1 bzw. 9/2 ver¬ bindet. Die Elektroden sind in üblicher Weise mit den drei Phasen eines Transformators 10 verbunden, der mit den Elek¬ troden einen Lichtbogenbetrieb zum Einbringen der für den Schmelzprozeß erforderlichen Hitze erlaubt. Bei jedemThe heating device 2 is designed as an arc device and contains three arc electrodes 5, each of which is carried by a support arm 6. These can be raised and lowered by means of an electrode lifting and swiveling device 7 and, as shown in FIG. 1 by a double arrow 8, can be swiveled laterally. They can be inserted into the first oven vessel 3/1 or into the second oven vessel 3/2 through the electrode passage openings 9/1 or 9/2 provided in the vessel lids 4/1 or 4/2. The top view of the electrode lifting and swiveling device 7 is determined by the tip of an isosceles triangle, the base of which is the center between the respective because three electrode passage openings 9/1 and 9/2 are connected. The electrodes are connected in the usual way to the three phases of a transformer 10 which trodes with the Elek ¬ an arc operation for introducing the required for the melting process heat allowed. With everyone
Schmelzofen 1/1 bzw. 1/2 ist an einer Seite, und zwar im vorliegenden Fall jeweils an der zum benachbarten Gefäß ab¬ gewandten Seite, ein äußeres Segment des Gefäßdeckels durch einen in einer Haltekonstruktion 11/1 bzw. 11/2 befestigten Schacht 12/1 bzw. 12/2 ersetzt, der in seinem oberen Be¬ reich eine verschließbare Beschickungsöffnung 13/1 bzw. 13/2 für das Einsatz atεrial und einen Gasauslaß 14/1 bzw. 14/2 aufweist. Jeder der Schächte 12/1 bzw. 12/2 ist in der Draufsicht nahezu rechteckig ausgebildet, mit einem sich nach unten erweiternden Innenraum 15/1 bzw. 15/2. Dieser ist mittels eines Schachtdeckels 16/1 bzw. 16/2 verschlie߬ bar, der den in Fig. 3 dargestellten Querschnitt in Form eines umgekehrten U aufweist, und auf Schienen 17/1 bzw. 17/2 horizontal verschiebbar ist. In Fig. 3 ist der Schacht 12/1 im verschlossenen Zustand und der Schacht 12/2 im ge¬ öffneten Zustand dargestellt, in dem Einsatzmaterial mit¬ tels eines Chargiergutbehälters 18 in den Schacht chargiert werden kann.Melting furnace 1/1 or 1/2 is on one side, and in the present case on the side facing away from the adjacent vessel, an outer segment of the vessel lid through a shaft fastened in a holding structure 11/1 or 11/2 12/1 or 12/2 replaced, which in its upper region has a closable loading opening 13/1 or 13/2 for the use atεrial and a gas outlet 14/1 or 14/2. Each of the shafts 12/1 or 12/2 is almost rectangular in plan view, with an interior 15/1 or 15/2 that widens downwards. This can be closed by means of a manhole cover 16/1 or 16/2, which has the cross section shown in FIG. 3 in the form of an inverted U, and is horizontally displaceable on rails 17/1 or 17/2. 3 shows the shaft 12/1 in the closed state and the shaft 12/2 in the opened state, in which feed material can be charged into the shaft by means of a charge container 18.
Diε Ofengefäße 3/1 bzw. 3/2 sind in der Draufsicht jeweils als ein auf einer Seite durch eine Gerade begrenztes Oval ausgebildet (siehe linkes Ofengefäß in Fig. 1) , wobei die untere Öffnung des Schachtes in den durch den geraden Wand¬ abschnitt und die angrεnzεnden Abschnitte des Ovals be- stimmten Gefäßbereich mündet. Ferner ist bei dem Ausfüh¬ rungsbeispiel der Gefäßdeckel 4/1 bzw. 4/2 lösbar an der Haltekonstruktion 11/1 bzw. 11/2 des zugehörigen Schachtes 12/1 bzw. 12/2 befestigt. Die Ofengefäße sind in Rahmen 18/1 bzw. 18/2 befestigt, die wiederum auf Hubvorrichtungen 19/1 bzw. 19/2 gelagert sind. Jede der Hubvorrichtungen enthält vier an den Ecken der in der Draufsicht rechteckför igen Rahmen angreifεnde Hubzy- linder, wobei jeweils die Hubzylinder auf einer Seite über Scharniergelenke 20/1 bzw. 20/2 drehbar mit den Rahmen 18/1 bzw. 18/2 verbunden sind. Hierdurch wird sowohl eine Ab¬ senkbewegung der Ofengefäße 3/1 bzw. 3/2 als auch eine Kippbewegung zum Abstechen der Gefäße durch ein jeweils im Boden vorhandenes, nicht dargestelltes Abstichloch ermög¬ licht. Der Kippvorgang verläuft bei der Darstellung nach den Figuren 2 und 3 jeweils senkrecht zur Papiεrεbene. Un¬ terhalb der Ofengefäße sind in Fig. 2 Pfannen 21/1 bzw. 21/2 dargestellt, zur Aufnahme des flüssigen Metalls aus den Ofengefäßen. Die Elektrodendurchtrittsöffnungεn dεrIn the plan view, the furnace vessels 3/1 and 3/2 are each formed as an oval delimited on one side by a straight line (see left furnace vessel in FIG. 1), the lower opening of the shaft in the section through the straight wall and the adjoining sections of the oval-shaped vessel area opens out. Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment, the vessel lid 4/1 or 4/2 is detachably attached to the holding structure 11/1 or 11/2 of the associated shaft 12/1 or 12/2. The furnace vessels are fastened in frames 18/1 and 18/2, which in turn are mounted on lifting devices 19/1 and 19/2. Each of the lifting devices contains four lifting cylinders which act on the corners of the rectangular frame in plan view, the lifting cylinders in each case being rotatably connected to the frames 18/1 and 18/2 on one side via hinge joints 20/1 and 20/2 are. This enables both a lowering movement of the furnace vessels 3/1 or 3/2 and a tilting movement for parting off the vessels through a tap hole, not shown, which is present in the base. In the illustration according to FIGS. 2 and 3, the tilting process is perpendicular to the plane of the paper. Below the furnace vessels, pans 21/1 and 21/2 are shown in FIG. 2 for receiving the liquid metal from the furnace vessels. The electrode passage openings εr
Schmelzöfen sind bei entfernten Elektroden durch eine Ab- deckplatte 30 verschließbar (siehe Fig. 3) .When the electrodes are removed, melting furnaces can be closed by a cover plate 30 (see FIG. 3).
Um die beim Schmeizprozeß und beim Überhitzen der Schmelze auf Abstichtemperatur entstehenden heißεn Ofengase zum Vor¬ heizen von Einsatzmaterial ausnutzen zu können und gleich¬ zeitig diε Belastung der Entstaubungseinrichtung zu redu¬ zieren, ist ein Gasleitungssystem vorgesehen, das im fol¬ genden bεschriεben wird.In order to be able to use the hot furnace gases which arise during the melting process and when the melt is overheated to the tapping temperature for preheating feedstock and at the same time to reduce the load on the dedusting device, a gas line system is provided which is described in the following.
Jeder der Gasauslässε 14/1 bzw. 14/2 ist durch absperrbarε Gasleitungen wahlweise entweder über eine Filtereinrichtung mit einεm Abgaskamin oder mit einem Gaseinlaß 22/2 bzw. 22/1 im Deckel 4/2 bzw. 4/1 des benachbarten Schmelzofens 1/2 bzw. 1/1 verbindbar. Unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 und 2 wird das Gasleitungssystem des Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.Each of the gas outlets 14/1 or 14/2 can be shut off by gas lines either via a filter device with an exhaust gas chimney or with a gas inlet 22/2 or 22/1 in the cover 4/2 or 4/1 of the adjacent melting furnace 1 / 2 or 1/1 connectable. The gas line system of the exemplary embodiment is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
Eine Gasleitung 23, deren Enden in Verbindungsleitungen 24/1 bzw. 24/2 zur Entstaubungseinrichtung münden, ist durch Absperrorgane 25/1, 26/1, 26/2 und 25/2*, in zwei äußere und einen mittleren Gasleitungsabschnitt unterteil . Die Absperrorgane können beispielsweisε als durch Stell¬ glieder betätigbare Schwenkklappen oder Schieber ausgebil- det sein. Die beiden äußeren Gasleitungsabschnittε sind über Abzweigungen mit den Gasauslässen 14/1 bzw. 14/2 der Schächte 12/1 bzw. 12/2 verbunden, der mittlere Abschnitt über Abzweigungen und Krümmer 27/1 bzw. 27/2 mit dem Gas¬ einlaß 22/1 bzw. 22/2 im Gefäßdeckel des ersten bzw. zwei- ten Schmelzofens. In den letztgenannten Abzweigungen sind weitere Absperrorgane 28/1 bzw. 28/2 vorhanden.A gas line 23, the ends of which lead into connecting lines 24/1 and 24/2 to the dedusting device by shut-off devices 25/1, 26/1, 26/2 and 25/2 * , divided into two outer and one central gas line section. The shut-off elements can be designed, for example, as swivel flaps or slides which can be actuated by actuators. The two outer gas line sections are connected via branches to the gas outlets 14/1 and 14/2 of the shafts 12/1 and 12/2, the middle section via branches and elbows 27/1 and 27/2 to the gas inlet 22/1 or 22/2 in the lid of the first or second furnace. In the latter branches there are further shut-off devices 28/1 and 28/2.
Bei dem dargestεlltεn Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Haltεkon- scruktion 11/1 bzw. 11/2 jedes Schachtes einschließlich des von dieser gehaltenen Deckels parallel zur Verbindungslinie zwischen den Mittellinien der Schächte auf Schienen 29/1 bzw. 29/2 verfahrbar. In Fig. 1 ist der Gefäßdεckel 4/2 in der zur Seite gefahrenen Position dargestellt, in der das Ofεngefäß zum Chargieren des Inhalts eines Chargiergutbe- hälters unmittelbar in das Ofengεfäß freigegeben ist. Vor dem Verfahrεn des Deckels mit der Haltevorrichtung muß das bεtreffendε Ofεngefäß mittels der Hubvorrichtungen 19/1 bzw. 19/2 geringfügig abgesenkt werden.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the holding construction 11/1 or 11/2 of each shaft, including the cover held by it, can be moved parallel to the connecting line between the center lines of the shafts on rails 29/1 and 29/2. 1 shows the vessel lid 4/2 in the position moved to the side, in which the oven vessel for charging the contents of a charge material container is released directly into the oven vessel. Before moving the lid with the holding device, the relevant container must be slightly lowered by means of the lifting devices 19/1 and 19/2.
Wie aus den Figuren 1 und 2 ersichtlich ist, ist der Krüm¬ mer 27/2 fest mit dem Gaseinlaß 22/2 verbunden und wird zu¬ sammen mit der Haltekonstrukion 11/2 verfahren. Das gleiche gilt für den Krümmer 27/1 des andεren Gefäßes. Die Krümmer müssen deshalb mit den zugehörigen Abzweigungen der Gaslei- tung 23 lösbar verbunden sein. Das gleiche gilt für die Ab¬ zweigungen der äußeren Abschnitte der Gasleitung 23 in be- zug auf die Gasauslaßöffnungen 14/1 bzw. 14/2 der Schächte 12/1 bzw. 12/2. Die Zugänglichkεit dεr oberen Öffnung des Ofengefäßes für ein unmittelbares Chargierεn von Ξinsatzmatεrial in dieses Gefäß könnte bei ortsfester Ausbildung der Deckel auch da¬ durch gewährleistet werden, daß die Ofengεfäße senkrεcht zur Vεrbindungsliniε zwischen den Mittellinien der Schächte verfahrbar sind. Diesε Modifikation ist nicht dargestellt.As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the Krüm ¬ mer 27/2 is firmly connected to the gas inlet 22/2 and 11/2 zu¬ together with the Haltekonstrukion process. The same applies to the elbow 27/1 of the other vessel. The elbows must therefore be releasably connected to the associated branches of the gas line 23. The same applies to the branches of the outer sections of the gas line 23 with respect to the gas outlet openings 14/1 or 14/2 of the shafts 12/1 or 12/2. The accessibility of the upper opening of the furnace vessel for a direct charging of insert material into this vessel could also be ensured with a stationary design of the cover by the furnace vessels being movable perpendicular to the connecting line between the center lines of the shafts. This modification is not shown.
Es wird nun ein bevorzugtes Verfahren unter Verwendung des beschriebenen Einschmelzaggregates erläutert.A preferred method using the melting unit described will now be explained.
Zum Chargiervorgang des Schmelzofεns 1/1 wεrdεn diε Elek¬ troden 5 hochgefahren und seitlich weggεschwenkt. Gleich¬ zeitig wird das Ofεngefäß mittels der Hubvorrichtung 19/1 etwas abgesenkt. Danach wird die Haltεkonstruktion 11/1 auf den Schiεnεn 29/1 zur Sεitε gεfahrεn, d. h. aus der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestεlltεn Position nach rechts gefah¬ ren, so daß die Öffnung des Gefäßes 3/1 für den Chargier¬ vorgang frei wird. Nach dem Chargieren des Inhalts eines εrstεn Korbεs unmittelbar in das Gefäß wird der Deckel mit dem Schacht mittels deren Haltevorrichtung wieder in die Betriebsposition gεfahrεn und das Ofengefäß mittels der Hubvorrichtung 19/1 angehoben, bis der Gεfäßrand dicht mit dem Deckel abschließt.For the charging process of the melting furnace 1/1, the electrodes 5 are raised and swiveled away to the side. At the same time, the furnace vessel is lowered somewhat by means of the lifting device 19/1. Then the retaining structure 11/1 is moved on the rails 29/1 to the side, ie. H. moved to the right from the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that the opening of the vessel 3/1 is free for the charging process. After the contents of a first basket have been charged directly into the vessel, the lid with the shaft is moved back into the operating position by means of its holding device and the furnace vessel is raised by means of the lifting device 19/1 until the rim of the vessel closes tightly with the lid.
Nunmehr werden bei zur Seite gefahrεnεm Schachtdeckel 16/1 zwei oder drei weitere Körbe über den Schacht 12/1 char¬ giert, bis der Schacht gefüllt ist. Das Volumen des Ein¬ satzmaterials entspricht dem einer gesamten Sch elzε. Die Absperrorgane der Gasleitung 23 werden so gesteuert, daß der Gasauslaß 14/1 des Schachtes 12/1 mit der Verbindungs¬ leitung 24/1 verbunden ist, d.h. die Absperrorgane 26/1 und 28/1 müssen geschlossen und das Absperrorgan 25/1 muß ge¬ öffnet sein. Nachdem die Elektroden 5 durch die Elektroden¬ hub- und Schwenkvorrichtung 7 in die Betriebsposition für den Sch elzofεn 1/1 gebracht und die Lichtbögen gezündet worden sind, ist der Einschmelzprozeß in diesem Schmelzofen eingeleitet. Als Heizeinrichtung können anstelle oder neben den Lichtbogenelektroden auch Brenner vorgesehen sein (nicht dargestellt) .Now when the manhole cover 16/1 is moved to the side, two or three further baskets are charged over the manhole 12/1 until the manhole is filled. The volume of the insert material corresponds to that of an entire batch. The shut-off devices of the gas line 23 are controlled so that the gas outlet 14/1 of the shaft 12/1 is connected to the connecting line 24/1, ie the shut-off devices 26/1 and 28/1 must be closed and the shut-off device 25/1 be opened. After the electrodes 5 are brought into the operating position for the welding furnace 1/1 by the electrode lifting and swiveling device 7 and the arcs are ignited have been initiated, the melting process in this furnace. Burners can also be provided as a heating device instead of or in addition to the arc electrodes (not shown).
Während im Schmelzofen 1/1 die erste Phase des Schmelzpro¬ zesses abläuft, und die hierbei entstehenden Ofengase durch den Schacht 12/1 dieses Schmelzofεns hindurch und dann zur Entstaubungseinrichtung geleitet werden, kann das zweite Ofengefäß 3/2, in der gleichen Weise wie vorher das ersteWhile the first phase of the melting process takes place in the melting furnace 1/1 and the resulting furnace gases are passed through the shaft 12/1 of this melting furnace and then to the dedusting device, the second furnace vessel 3/2 can be used in the same way as before the first
Ofengefäß, chargiert werden. Nach dem Chargieren dieses Ge¬ fäßes kann bei vorhandener zweiter Heizeinrichtung z. B. Brennern und bei geschlossenen Absperrorganen 28/2 und 26/2 und geöffnetem Absperrorgan 25/2 bεreits mit dem Erhitzen dieser Charge begonnen werden.Oven vessel to be charged. After charging this vessel, if there is a second heating device, for. B. burners and with closed shut-off devices 28/2 and 26/2 and open shut-off device 25/2 can already be started with heating this batch.
Solange die Abgase im ersten Schmelzofεn 1/1 durch das Ein¬ satzmaterial im Schacht 12/1 genügend abgekühlt werdεn. werden diese Abgase über einen Ventilator unmittelbar dem Filterhaus, d. h. der Entstaubungseinrichtung zugeführt. Wenn die ansteigenden Temperaturen der Abgase aus dem Schacht einen ausreichεnd hohen Wert erreicht haben und der andere Schmelzofen chargiert und dessen Charge gegebenen¬ falls durch diε zweite Heizeinrichtung vorεrhitzt ist, dann wird das Abgas in das Gefäß des zweitεn Schmelzofens 1/2 um- und durch den Schacht 12/2 dieses Schmelzofens hin- durchgεlεitεt. Zu diesem Zweck müssen die Abspεrrorgane 25/1, 28/1 und 26/2 geschlossen und die Absperrorgane 26/1, 28/2 und 25/2 geöffnet sein. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß das Gas aus dem oberen Ende des Schachtes des ersten Schmelz¬ ofens 1/1 in den zweiten benachbarten Schmelzofen 1/2 durch dessen Deckel eingeleitet und von dort durch den Schacht 12/2 dieses Schmelzofens hindurchgeführt und aus dem oberen Gasauslaß 14/2 in das Filterhaus abgezogen wird. Hierdurch wird während des gesamten Schmelz- und Feinungsprozesses des ersten Schmelzofεns 1/1 eine sehr gute Ausnutzung der Energie des Abgases erreicht. Gleichzeitig werdεn die Staubpartikel, die sich im Gas befinden, im Einsatzmaterial des Schachtes 12/2 des zweiten Schmelzofens niεdergeschla- gen.As long as the exhaust gases in the first melting furnace 1/1 are sufficiently cooled by the feed material in the shaft 12/1. these exhaust gases are fed directly to the filter house, ie the dedusting device, via a fan. When the rising temperatures of the exhaust gases from the shaft have reached a sufficiently high value and the other melting furnace has been charged and its batch has been preheated by the second heating device, then the exhaust gas is circulated into the vessel of the second melting furnace 1/2 and through through the shaft 12/2 of this melting furnace. For this purpose the shut-off devices 25/1, 28/1 and 26/2 must be closed and the shut-off devices 26/1, 28/2 and 25/2 must be open. It is thereby achieved that the gas is introduced from the upper end of the shaft of the first melting furnace 1/1 into the second neighboring melting furnace 1/2 through its cover and from there through the shaft 12/2 of this melting furnace and out of the upper gas outlet 14/2 is pulled into the filter house. As a result, during the entire melting and refining process of the first smelting furnace 1/1 achieved a very good utilization of the energy of the exhaust gas. At the same time, the dust particles that are in the gas are knocked down in the feed material of the shaft 12/2 of the second melting furnace.
Ist die Schmelze im ersten Schmelzofεn 1/1 abstichbεreit und der entsprechende Kohlenstoff eingestellt, dann werden die Elektroden 5 hochgefahren und schwenken sofort zum zweiten Schmelzofen 1/2, um dort unmittelbar mit demIf the melt in the first smelting furnace is 1/1 wide and the corresponding carbon is adjusted, then the electrodes 5 are raised and swivel immediately to the second smelting furnace 1/2, in order to immediately contact the
Schmelzprozeß zu beginnen, nachdem die Absperrorganε analog zu dεm oben für den Schmelzofen 1/2 beschriebenen Prozeß u gestεuert worden sind. Zu Beginn des Schmelzprozesses im zweiten Schmelzofen 1/2 müssen diε Absperrorgane 26/2 und 28/2 geschlossεn und das Abspεrrorgan 25/2 geöffnet sεin. Der εrstε Schmelzofen 1/1 kann nun durch einseitiges Betä- tigεn dεr Hubvorrichtung 19/1 abgestochen werden. Anschlie¬ ßend wird das Abstichloch kontrolliert und verfüllt, und unmittelbar danach das gesamte Einsatzmaterial für die nächstε Schmεlzε in das Ofengefäß bzw. in den Schacht ge¬ füllt. Auch hier kann bei vorhandener zweiter Heizeinrich¬ tung, geschlossenen Absperrorganen 28/1 und 26/1 und geöff¬ netem Absperrorgan 25/1 mit dem Vorerhitzen dieser Charge begonnen werden. In dεr zwεitεn Phase des Schmelzprozesses im Schachtofen 1/2 müssen die Absperrorgane 25/2, 28/2 und 26/1 geschlossen und die Absperrorgane 26/2, 28/1 und 25/1 geöffnet sein.To begin the melting process after the shut-off devices have been controlled analogously to the process described above for the melting furnace 1/2. At the beginning of the melting process in the second melting furnace 1/2, the shut-off devices 26/2 and 28/2 must be closed and the shut-off device 25/2 must be open. The first melting furnace 1/1 can now be tapped by actuating the lifting device 19/1 on one side. The tap hole is then checked and filled, and immediately afterwards the entire feed material for the next melt is filled into the furnace vessel or into the shaft. Here too, with the second heating device present, closed shut-off devices 28/1 and 26/1 and open shut-off device 25/1, the preheating of this batch can be started. In the second phase of the melting process in the 1/2 shaft furnace, the shut-off devices 25/2, 28/2 and 26/1 must be closed and the shut-off devices 26/2, 28/1 and 25/1 must be open.
Eine sehr gute Abgasausnutzung und Filterung des Abgases ist dadurch gegeben, daß die Ofεngase zunächst durch den Schacht des eigenen Schmelzofens geleitet werden, während der andere Schmelzofen abgestochen und chargiert wird, und daß, wenn die Abgastemperatur des ersten Schachtes ausrei¬ chend angestiegen bzw. diε Schrottsäule hier aufgrund des Einschmelzprozεsses bis nahezu zur Gefäßdeckelhöhe abgesun- ken ist, diε Ofengase in das andere Gefäß und dort durch den gefüllten Schrottschacht geleitet werden. Die Umleitung kann in einfacher Weise durch die Steuerung dεr Abspεrror- ganε erfolgen.A very good exhaust gas utilization and filtering of the exhaust gas is given in that the furnace gases are first passed through the shaft of their own melting furnace, while the other melting furnace is tapped and charged, and that when the exhaust gas temperature of the first shaft has risen sufficiently or that Scrap column here due to the melting process almost to the height of the vessel lid ken is that the furnace gases are passed into the other vessel and there through the filled scrap shaft. The diversion can be carried out in a simple manner by controlling the shut-off device.
Da die Elektroden unmittelbar nachdem das Einsatzmaterial in dem einen Schmelzofen eingeschmolzen und auf Abstichtem¬ peratur gebracht worden ist, zum anderen Schmelzofen ge¬ schwenkt werden und hier mit dem Einschmelzprozeß begonnen wird, läßt sich beispielsweise bei einer Einschaltzeit der Heizeinrichtung von 32 Minuten pro Schmelzofen zuzüglich 2 Minuten für die Probenahme und 1 Minute für das Schwenken der Elektroden eine Tap-to-Tap-Zeit von etwa 35 Minuten bei dem beschriebenen Einschmelzaggregat erzielen.Since the electrodes are swiveled to the other melting furnace immediately after the feed material has been melted in one melting furnace and brought to the tapping temperature and the melting process is started here, it is possible, for example, for the heating device to be switched on for 32 minutes per melting furnace 2 minutes for sampling and 1 minute for swiveling the electrodes achieve a tap-to-tap time of about 35 minutes with the described melting unit.
Das Abstechen des Ofengefäßes, das anschließende Verfüllen des Abstichloches und diε Chargiervorgängε dauern insgesamt etwa 15 Minuten, so daß für die Vorwärmung des Einsatzma'te- rials im jeweils anderen Schmelzofen noch weiterε 20 Minu- ten übrig bleiben. Diesε Zeitdauer ist für eine gute Nut¬ zung des Abgases ausreichend. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist hierbei die Verminderung des gesamten Staubanfalls durch die Filterung der Ofengase beim Hindurchleitεn durch das Einsatzmatεrial. Der Staub wird im Einsatzmaterial nieder- geschlagen und weitestgehend mit der Schlacke eingeschmol¬ zen und abgeführt.The tapping of the furnace vessel, the subsequent filling of the tap hole and diε Chargiervorgängε take about 15 minutes in all, so that for the preheating of the Einsatzma te- 'rials still weiterε 20 minutes remain in the respective other melting furnace. This period is sufficient for good use of the exhaust gas. Of particular importance here is the reduction of the total amount of dust generated by filtering the furnace gases as they pass through the material used. The dust is precipitated in the feed material and largely melted and removed with the slag.
Bei dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel weisen die Gas¬ leitungen die jeweils vom Gasauslaß des Schachtes des einen Schmelzofens zum Gaseinlaß im Deckel des anderen Schmelz¬ ofens führen, Abzweigungen zur Entstaubungseinrichtung auf. Anstelle dieser Abzweigungen kann auch im oberen Berεich jεdes Schachtes ein zweiter Gasauslaß vorgesehen sein, der durch eine absperrbare Gasleitung mit der Entstaubungsein- richtung verbunden ist. Es ist auch nicht erforderlich, daß dεr Gasεinlaß im Deckel vorgesehen ist. Er kann auch im un¬ teren Bereich des Schachtes oder im oberεn Mantelbereich des Ofεngεfäßes des Schmelzofens 1/1 bzw. 1/2 angeordnet sein.In the exemplary embodiment described, the gas lines which each lead from the gas outlet of the shaft of one melting furnace to the gas inlet in the cover of the other melting furnace have branches to the dedusting device. Instead of these branches, a second gas outlet can also be provided in the upper region of the shaft, which is connected to the dedusting device by a gas line that can be shut off. It is also not necessary that the gas inlet is provided in the cover. It can also be arranged in the lower region of the shaft or in the upper jacket region of the furnace vessel of the melting furnace 1/1 or 1/2.
Bei dem beschriεbenen Ausführungsbeispiel wird die für eine Querverschiebung des Gefäßdεckels erforderliche Trennung vom oberen Gefäßrand durch Absenkεn mittεls der Hubvorrich¬ tung des Ofengefäßes bewirkt, die gleichzeitig ein Kippen des Gεfäßεs zum Abstεchεn εrmöglicht. Die erforderlicheIn the exemplary embodiment described, the separation from the upper vessel edge required for a transverse displacement of the vessel lid is brought about by lowering by means of the lifting device of the furnace vessel, which at the same time enables the vessel to be tilted for tapping. The required
Trennung vom Gefäßrand kann aber auch durch ein Anheben der Haltekonstruktion in der der Gefäßdeckεl lösbar befestigt ist, bewirkt werden.Separation from the edge of the vessel can also be brought about by lifting the holding structure in which the vessel lid is detachably fastened.
Bei dem beschriebenen Ausfuhrungsbeispiel wird durch Char¬ gieren des zweiten und dritten Schrottkorbs in die obere Schachtöffnung eine Einsatzmaterialsäulε gebildet, die sich am Boden des Gefäßes abstützt und den Schacht füllt. Beim Einschmelzvorgang wird Material vom unteren Berεich dεr Einsatzmatεrialsäulε abgeschmolzen, so daß sich deren Höhe laufεnd vεrringert. Eine weitere Variationsmöglichkeit be¬ steht darin, im unterεn Bεreich des Schachtes der einen Teil des Gefäßdeckels ersetzt, ein beweglichεs Sperrglied anzuordnen, das aus einεr Schliεßstellung in der es eine Auflage für Einsatzmatεrial bildet, in eine Frεigabεstεl- lung zum Chargieren von Einsatzmaterial in das Ofengefäß bewegbar ist. Hierdurch wird ermöglicht, zu Beginn des Ein¬ schmelzprozesses im Schacht des betrεffenden Ofens die Ein¬ satzmaterialsäulε ohnε Vεrringεrung ihrer Höhe zurückzuhal- ten, bis die Freigabe in das Ofengefäß durch das bewεgliche Sperrglied erfolgt, und damit die Variations öglichkεiten im Verfahrεnsablauf zu vergrößern.In the exemplary embodiment described, a charge column is formed by charging the second and third scrap basket into the upper shaft opening, which column is supported on the bottom of the vessel and fills the shaft. During the melting process, material is melted from the lower area of the insert material column, so that its height is continuously reduced. A further possible variation is to arrange a movable locking member in the lower region of the shaft, which replaces part of the vessel lid, which, from a closed position in which it forms a support for insert material, into a freezer compartment for charging feed material into the furnace vessel is movable. This makes it possible, at the beginning of the melting process in the shaft of the furnace concerned, to hold back the insert columns without reducing their height until the movable locking member releases them into the furnace vessel, thereby increasing the possible variations in the process.
Als Heizeinrichtung eignεn sich nicht nur aus einer Ener- giεquelle gespeiste Lichtbogenelektroden, sondern auch Brenner, eine induktive Heizεinrichtung etc. Wεrden, wie im beschriebenen Fall, Lichtbogenelektroden benutzt, die durch Elektrodendurchführungen im Deckel eingeführt werden, dann müssen jeweils in dem Gefäß durch das die beim Schmelzbe- triεb des anderen Schmelzofens entstehenden Ofεngase hin¬ durchgeleitet werden, die Elektrodendurchtrittsöffnungen verschlossen werden, sei es durch individuellε Deckel für j-ede Elektrodendurchführung, sei es durch einen gemeinsamen Deckel für sämtliche Elektrodendurchführungen. Not only are arc electrodes fed from an energy source suitable as a heating device, but also Burners, an inductive heating device etc. If, as in the case described, arc electrodes are used, which are introduced through electrode feedthroughs in the lid, then the electrode passage openings must be passed through in the vessel through which the furnace gases generated at the melting furnace of the other melting furnace are passed be closed, be it by an individual cover for each electrode lead-through, or be it by a common cover for all electrode lead-throughs.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Einschmelzaggrεgat mit einer Hεizεinrichtung (2) für diε Zufuhr von Schmelzenergie und zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Schmelzöfεn (1/1; 1/2) aus jεweils einem durch einen Gεfäßdεckεl (4/1; 4/2) verschließbaren Ofεngefäß (3/1; 3/2) , die jeweils einen Gaseinlaß (22/1; 22/2) und einen Gasauslaß (14/1; 14/2) , sowie absperrbare Gasleitun- gen (23; 24/1; 24/2) aufweisen, welche jeweils den Gasein¬ laß (22/1 bzw. 22/2) des einen Schmelzofεns (1/1 bzw. 1/2) mit dem Gasauslaß (14/2 bzw. 14/1) des anderen Schmelzofεns (1/2 bzw. 1/1) verbinden, so daß zum Vorheizεn von mεtalli- schεm Einsatzmatεrial diε bεi Schmεlzprozeß εntstεhεnden Ofεngasε des einen Schmεlzofεns (1/1 bzw. 1/2) in dεn jε- wεils andεren Schmelzofen (1/2 bzw. 1/1) eingeleitet werden können, dadurch g e k e n n z ε i c h n ε t , daß bei jedem Schmelzofen an einer Seite ein äußeres Segment des Gεfäßdeckels {4/1; 4/2) durch εinεn, in εinεr Haltεkon- struktion (11/1; 11/2) befestigen Schacht (12/1; 12/2) er¬ setzt ist, der in seinem oberen Berεich εine verschließbare Beschickungsöffnung (13/1; 13/2) für das Einsatzmaterial und dεn Gasauslaß (14/1; 14/2) dεs bεtrεffεndεn Schmelz¬ ofεns aufwεist.1. Melting unit with a heating device (2) for the supply of melting energy and two melting furnaces (1/1; 1/2) arranged side by side, each consisting of an oven vessel (3/1; 4/2) that can be closed by a vessel lid (4/1; 4/2). 3/2), each having a gas inlet (22/1; 22/2) and a gas outlet (14/1; 14/2), as well as lockable gas lines (23; 24/1; 24/2), which in each case the gas inlet (22/1 or 22/2) of one melting furnace (1/1 or 1/2) with the gas outlet (14/2 or 14/1) of the other melting furnace (1/2 or 1/1) so that for the preheating of metallic material, the melting process of the furnace gas of one melting furnace (1/1 or 1/2) in the respective melting furnace (1/2 or 1/1) can be introduced, characterized in that an outer segment of the vessel lid {4/1; 4/2) is replaced by a shaft (12/1; 12/2) fastened in its retaining structure (11/1; 11/2), which has a closable loading opening (13/1; 13/2) for the feed material and the gas outlet (14/1; 14/2) of the punctuating melting furnace.
2. Einschmelzaggrεgat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e- k ε n n z ε i c h n ε t , daß der Gaseinlaß (22/1; 22/2) im oberen Mantelbereich des Ofengefäßes (3/1; 3/2) , im Ge- fäßdεckεl (4/1; 4/2) oder im unterεn Bεreich der Wand des Schachtes (12/1; 12/2) des betreffendεn Schmelzofens (1/1; 1/2) angeordnet ist.2. Melting unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas inlet (22/1; 22/2) in the upper jacket area of the furnace vessel (3/1; 3/2), in the vessel lid (4/1; 4/2) or in the lower region of the wall of the shaft (12/1; 12/2) of the relevant melting furnace (1/1; 1/2).
3. Einschmelzaggregat nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch g ε k ε n n z e i c h n e t , daß wenigstens eine der bei- den Gasleitungen eine Abzweigung aufweist, die über eine weitere absperrbare Gasleitung (24/1; 24/2) zu einer Ent¬ staubungseinrichtung führt.3. Melting unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized g ε k ε nnzeich that at least one of the two gas lines has a branch that over a further lockable gas line (24/1; 24/2) leads to a dedusting device.
4. Einschmelzaggregat nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß im oberen Bereich des Schachtes (12/1; 12/2) wenigstens eines der beiden Schmelz¬ öfen (1/1; 1/2) ein weiterer Gasauslaß vorgesehen ist, der durch eine weitere absperrbarε Gasleitung mit einer Ent¬ staubungseinrichtung verbunden ist.4. melting unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the upper region of the shaft (12/1; 12/2) at least one of the two melting furnaces (1/1; 1/2) a further gas outlet is provided which is connected to a dedusting device by a further gas line which can be shut off.
5. Einschmelzaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche l'bis5. melting unit according to one of claims l'bis
4, dadurch g e k ε n n z ε i c h n ε t , daß dεr Schacht (12/1; 12/2) jeweils an der zum benachbarten Gefäß (3/2? 3/1) abgewandten Seite eines Schmelzofens (1/2; 1-/1) ange- ordnet ist.4, characterized in that the shaft (12/1; 12/2) in each case on the side of a melting furnace (1/2; 1- / 1) is arranged.
6. Einschmelzaggrεgat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis6. Melting aggregate according to one of claims 1 to
5, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Schacht (12/1; 12/2) in der Draufsicht nahezu rechteckig ausgebil- det ist.5, characterized by the fact that the shaft (12/1; 12/2) is almost rectangular in plan view.
7. Einschmelzaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n ε t , daß sich der Querschnitt des Innenraums (15/1; 15/2) des Schachtes (12/1; 12/2) nach unten erweitert.7. Melting unit according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cross section of the interior (15/1; 15/2) of the shaft (12/1; 12/2) widens downward.
8. Einschmelzaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Ofen- gεfäßε (3/1; 3/2) in der Draufsicht jεwεils als ein auf ei- ner Seite durch eine Gerade begrenztes Oval ausgebildεt sind und die untere Öffnung des Schachtes (12/1; 12/2) in den durch den geradεn Wandabschnitt und die angrenzεnden Abschnitte des Ovals bestimmten Gefäßbereich mündet. 8. Melting unit according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the Ofengεfäßε (3/1; 3/2) in the top view are each designed as an oval delimited on one side by a straight line and the lower opening of the shaft (12/1; 12/2) opens into the vessel area determined by the straight wall section and the adjacent sections of the oval.
9. Einschmelzaggrεgat nach Anspruch 8, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß diε Gerade das Oval zwi¬ schen 3/4 und 9/10 seiner Länge begrenzt.9. Melting unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the straight line limits the oval between 3/4 and 9/10 of its length.
10. Einschmelzaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis10. melting unit according to one of claims 1 to
9, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Gefäß- " deckεl (4/1; 4/2) an dεr Haltεkonstruktion (11/1; 11/2) lösbar befestigt ist.9, characterized in that the vessel cover (4/1; 4/2) is releasably attached to the support structure (11/1; 11/2).
11. Einschmelzaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis11. melting unit according to one of claims 1 to
10, dadurch g e k e n n z ε i c h n ε t , daß die Halte¬ konstruktion (11/1; 11/2) durch εinε Hubvorrichtung gεgεn- über dem Ofengefäß (3/1; 3/2) anhebbar ist.10, characterized by the fact that the holding construction (11/1; 11/2) can be lifted above the furnace vessel (3/1; 3/2) by means of its lifting device.
12. Einschmelzaggrεgat nach εinεm dεr Ansprüchε 1 bis12. Melting aggregate according to εinεm of claims 1 to
11, dadurch g ε k ε n n z ε i c h n e t , daß das Ofen- gεfäß (3/1; 3/2) gεgεnübεr der Haltekonstruktion (11/1; 11/2) absenkbar ist.11, characterized in that the furnace vessel (3/1; 3/2) can be lowered against the holding structure (11/1; 11/2).
13. Einschmelzaggrεgat nach εinεm dεr Ansprüchε 1 bis13. Melting aggregate according to εinεm of claims 1 to
12, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß Haltekon¬ struktion (11/1; 11/2) und Ofengεfäß (3/1; 3/2) rεlativ zu¬ einander horizontal verfahrbar sind.12, characterized in that the holding structure (11/1; 11/2) and the furnace vessel (3/1; 3/2) can be moved horizontally relative to one another.
14. Einschmelzaggrεgat nach Anspruch 13, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Haltekonstruktion (11/1; 11/2) parallel zur Verbindungslinie zwischen den Mittellinien der Schächte (12/1; 12/2) verfahrbar ist.14. Melting unit according to claim 13, characterized in that the holding structure (11/1; 11/2) can be moved parallel to the connecting line between the center lines of the shafts (12/1; 12/2).
15. Einschmelzaggregat nach Anspruch 13, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n ε t , daß die Ofengefäße (3/1; 3/2) senkrecht zur Verbindungsliniε zwischen den Mittelli¬ nien der Schächte (12/1; 12/2) verfahrbar sind. 15. Melting unit according to claim 13, characterized in that the furnace vessels (3/1; 3/2) can be moved perpendicular to the connecting line between the center lines of the shafts (12/1; 12/2).
16. Einschmelzaggrεgat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß im unteren Bereich des Schachtes (12/1; 12/2) mindestεns εin bewεgli- ches Sperrglied so angeordnet ist, daß es aus einer Schließstellung, in der es εine Auflage für Einsatzmaterial bildet, in eine ffnungs- bzw. Freigabestellung zum Char¬ gieren von Einsatzmaterial in das Ofεngεfäß bεwegbar ist, in dεr es den Durchtritt von Einsatzmaterial durch den Schacht freigibt.16. Melting unit according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that in the lower region of the shaft (12/1; 12/2) at least εin movable locking member is arranged so that it is from a closed position in which there is a support for feed material, can be moved into an opening or release position for charging feed material into the furnace, in which it clears the passage of feed material through the shaft.
17. Einschmεlzaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Gefä߬ deckel (4/1; 4/2) der beiden Schmelzöfen (1/1; 1/2) wenig¬ stens jeweils eine verschließbarε Elεktrodεnöffnung (9/1; 9/2) aufweisen, und neben den Ofengefäßen (1/1; 1/2) eine Elektrodenhub- und Schwenkvorrichtung (7) angeordnet ist, durch die eine bzw. mehrere Lichtbogenεlεktrodε (n) (5) wahlweise in einen der Schmelzöfen (1/1; 1/2) einführbar ist bzw. sind.17. smelting unit according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the Gefä߬ cover (4/1; 4/2) of the two melting furnaces (1/1; 1/2) each at least one closable ε electrode opening (9 / 1; 9/2), and an electrode lifting and swiveling device (7) is arranged next to the furnace vessels (1/1; 1/2), through which one or more arc electrodes (s) (5) can optionally be placed in one of the melting furnaces (1/1; 1/2) is or are insertable.
18. Verfahren zum Vorheizen und Einschmelzen von me¬ tallischem Einsatzmaterial mittels einer Heizeinrichtung in einem Einschmelzaggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, g e k e n n z e i c h n e t durch die folgenden Schritte: a) Chargieren von Einsatz atεrial in das erste Gefäß und den diesem Gefäß zugeordneten ersten Schacht bis dieser wenigstens teilweisε gefüllt ist, b) Erhitzen des Einsatzmaterials im erstεn Gefäß durch diε Heizeinrichtung und Abführen der Ofengase aus dem ersten Schacht in einen Abgaskamin; c) Wiederholen des Schritts 1 beim zweitεn Schmelz¬ ofen; d) Umleiten der aus dem erstεn Schacht abgeführten Ofengase des ersten Gefäßes in das zweite Gefäß und durch den zweiten Schacht zum Abgaskamin; ε) nach dεm Einschmelzen des Einsatzmaterials und dem metallurgischen Behandeln der Schmelze im erstεn Gefäß Er¬ hitzen des Einεatzmaterials im zweiten Gefäß durch die Heizeinrichtung und Abstechεn sowie Warten des ersten Ge- fäßes; f) Wiederholen der Schritte a) bis e) .18. A method for preheating and melting metallic insert material by means of a heating device in a melting unit according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized by the following steps: a) charging insert atεrially into the first vessel and the first shaft assigned to this vessel this is at least partially filled, b) heating the feed material in the first vessel by means of the heating device and removing the furnace gases from the first shaft into an exhaust gas fireplace; c) repeating step 1 in the second melting furnace; d) redirecting the furnace gases of the first vessel discharged from the first duct into the second vessel and through the second duct to the flue gas chimney; ε) after the melting of the feed material and the metallurgical treatment of the melt in the first vessel, heating the feed material in the second vessel by means of the heating device and parting off and waiting for the first vessel; f) repeating steps a) to e).
19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 18, dadurch g e k e n n- z ε i c h n ε t , daß beim Chargierεn des Einsatz ateri- als εin Tεil bεi εntfεrntem Gefäßdeckεl unmittelbar in das Gefäß und der Rest in den dem Gefäß zugeordneten Schacht εingεbracht wird.19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, when charging the insert, it is brought into the vessel directly, and the rest in the shaft assigned to the vessel, when it is aerated as a part with a removed vessel lid.
20. Verfahren nach Anspruch 18 oder 19, dadurch g e - k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß das Erhitzen des Einsatzma- tεrials durch wenigstens einen Lichtbogen und/oder wenig¬ stens einen Brenner erfolgt.20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the heating of the insert material is carried out by at least one arc and / or at least one burner.
21. Verfahren nach εinεm dεr Ansprüchε 18 bis 20, in Vεrbindung mit εinem Einschmelzaggregat nach Anspruch 16, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t . daß das Einsatzma¬ terial im Schacht des Schmεlzofεns in dem gerade der Schmelzprozeß abläuft so lange zurückgehalten wird, bis die Umleitung der Ofengasε diεsεs Schmεlzofens in den anderen Schmelzofen erfolgt. 21. The method according to εinεm dεr claims 18 to 20, in conjunction with εin a melting unit according to claim 16, thereby g e k e n n e e i c h n e t. that the insert material in the shaft of the melting furnace in which the melting process is currently running is held back until the furnace gas of this melting furnace is diverted into the other melting furnace.
EP91909420A 1990-05-17 1991-05-16 Smelting plant with two adjacent smelting furnaces Revoked EP0483322B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4015916 1990-05-17
DE4015916A DE4015916A1 (en) 1990-05-17 1990-05-17 MELTING UNIT WITH TWO MELTING OVENS arranged next to each other
PCT/EP1991/000916 WO1991018120A1 (en) 1990-05-17 1991-05-16 Smelting plant with two adjacent smelting furnaces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0483322A1 true EP0483322A1 (en) 1992-05-06
EP0483322B1 EP0483322B1 (en) 1994-08-10

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US (1) US5264020A (en)
EP (1) EP0483322B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0820180B2 (en)
KR (1) KR920703850A (en)
CN (1) CN1041557C (en)
AT (1) ATE109837T1 (en)
AU (1) AU634889B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9105760A (en)
CA (1) CA2063562C (en)
DE (2) DE4015916A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0483322T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2072612T3 (en)
FI (1) FI95814C (en)
HU (1) HU209854B (en)
MX (1) MX173918B (en)
PT (1) PT97697B (en)
RU (1) RU2044977C1 (en)
TR (1) TR25664A (en)
WO (1) WO1991018120A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA913708B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0483322B1 (en) 1994-08-10
MX173918B (en) 1994-04-08
PT97697A (en) 1993-06-30
BR9105760A (en) 1992-09-08
CN1041557C (en) 1999-01-06
AU634889B2 (en) 1993-03-04
DE4015916A1 (en) 1991-11-21
PT97697B (en) 1998-12-31
CA2063562C (en) 1997-03-11
DK0483322T3 (en) 1994-09-26
AU7863991A (en) 1991-12-10
ATE109837T1 (en) 1994-08-15
TR25664A (en) 1993-07-01
HUT61812A (en) 1993-03-01
DE59102492D1 (en) 1994-09-15
JPH0820180B2 (en) 1996-03-04
CA2063562A1 (en) 1991-11-18
HU209854B (en) 1994-11-28
CN1056567A (en) 1991-11-27
FI920173A0 (en) 1992-01-15
ES2072612T3 (en) 1995-07-16
KR920703850A (en) 1992-12-18
WO1991018120A1 (en) 1991-11-28
US5264020A (en) 1993-11-23
ZA913708B (en) 1992-02-26
HU9200145D0 (en) 1992-04-28
RU2044977C1 (en) 1995-09-27
FI95814C (en) 1996-03-25
FI95814B (en) 1995-12-15
JPH05500263A (en) 1993-01-21

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