EP0465807A2 - Compresseur rotatif sec à palettes - Google Patents

Compresseur rotatif sec à palettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0465807A2
EP0465807A2 EP91108463A EP91108463A EP0465807A2 EP 0465807 A2 EP0465807 A2 EP 0465807A2 EP 91108463 A EP91108463 A EP 91108463A EP 91108463 A EP91108463 A EP 91108463A EP 0465807 A2 EP0465807 A2 EP 0465807A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fact
chamber
stator
rotor
compressor according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91108463A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0465807A3 (en
Inventor
Giulio Contaldi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ing Enea Mattei SpA
Original Assignee
Ing Enea Mattei SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ing Enea Mattei SpA filed Critical Ing Enea Mattei SpA
Publication of EP0465807A2 publication Critical patent/EP0465807A2/fr
Publication of EP0465807A3 publication Critical patent/EP0465807A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08—Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809—Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • F01C21/0818—Vane tracking; control therefor
    • F01C21/0827—Vane tracking; control therefor by mechanical means
    • F01C21/0836—Vane tracking; control therefor by mechanical means comprising guiding means, e.g. cams, rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/352—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the vanes being pivoted on the axis of the outer member

Definitions

  • This invention relates to rotary vane compressors of the type comprising a stator defining a cylindrical chamber in which a rotor eccentrically rotates, the rotor being provided with radially sliding vanes which are reciprocable in corresponding slots longitudinally extending to the rotor. More specifically, the invention is intended for a vane compressor of the kind stated above, also referred to as a "dry type compressor", in which, inside the compressor, the fluid to be compressed is constantly kept separate from the lubricating oil.
  • the need for an uncontaminated pressurized fluid is acutely important, for example, in the refrigeration field. This is because the lubricating oil entrained in circulation with the freezing fluid creates notable separation problems, especially when operating at low temperatures. Moreover, in the refrigerating cycle multi-phase conditions are established for freezing fluid that are difficult to control and negatively affect efficiency.
  • the main object of this invention is to provide a dry rotary vane compressor by means of which it is possible to produce a pressurized fluid uncontaminated by oil or by other lubricating fluid.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a dry rotary vane compressor, as previously specified, particularly adapted for low and medium power, which is able to operate at high rotational speed without generating excessive heat and yet of limited size and power consumption.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a rotary vane compressor as described above that has no mechanical parts in sliding contact between rotor and stator, with the purpose of considerably lessening the difficulties of maintenance work on the compressor and of inspection and checking operations, while nevertheless enabling high compression efficiency that is equal or close to that of traditional compressors.
  • the above objects can be otained by means of a dry rotary vane compressor comprising the characteristics of the main claim.
  • the essential principle of this invention resides in providing a hollow rotor comprising fixed control cam means to constantly control the position of the vanes both with respect to the stator and to the rotor as the latter rotates, while holding the vanes in very close proximity to and though without any contact with the internal wall of said chamber.
  • vanes provided with a special profile it is possible to form a sort of hydraulic seal between the internal wall of the stator chamber and the vanes, so avoiding leakage of the fluid being compressed.
  • the rotary compressor comprises a stator 10 which, together with the two end walls 11 and 12, defines a cylindrical chamber 14 in which eccentrically rotates a hollow rotor 15 supported, by hubs 32 and rolling bearings 16, by the two end walls 11 and 12, one of said hubs being connected to a control shaft 17.
  • the rotor 15 is provided with radial slots 18 that are longitudinally arranged to the rotor. In each of the slots there is a vane 19 which moves between a completely retracted position inside the rotor and a completely advanced position out of the rotor 15 during rotation of the latter inside the chamber 14.
  • This chamber 14 has two separate areas and more precisely a first intake area 14b connected with an inlet 20 for the fluid to be compressed through fluid-admission openings 21 in the stator wall which lead to an intake chamber 25, as well as a second compression area 14a, connected to a delivery output 22 through openings 23 in the stator 10, located in a position that is angularly spaced from the inlet opening 20.
  • the fluid-admission openings 21 extend in directions that are inclined with respect to the stator axis, preferably according to cylindrical helices, in order to provide a broad fluid-admission section along the intake area, said openings being inclined, for example, in one direction in one half of the chamber and in the opposite direction in the other half.
  • the stator 10 of the compressor is partially surrounded by an external wall 24, which in addition to defining the intake chamber 25, also defines a refrigeration chamber 26 along the fluid compression area, peripherally along area 14a in the aforesaid chamber 14.
  • This refrigeration chamber 26 comprises an inlet 27 for the refrigerating fluid positioned at the beginning of the compression area and an outlet 28 for the refrigerating fluid positioned at the end of the compression area 14a.
  • the radial vanes 19 of the rotor are mechanically controlled in such a way that they can be made to emerge from the slots and to return inside them as the rotor 15 rotates, while at the same time their outside edge is kept in constant and very close proximity to, or at a narrow distance from the surface of the internal wall of the stator chamber, without there being any frictional contact.
  • the hollow rotor 15 contains suitable control cam means to control the vanes 19 and to which said vanes are rotatably connected in such a way that they rotate with the rotor and, at the same time, slide radially with respect to it.
  • a fixed crankshaft 29 also referred to as a camshaft, comprising a central part 29c offset with respect to the lateral extensions 29a and 29b, in which the longitudinal axis of said central part 29c coincides with the longitudinal axis, that is the centre of the stator chamber 14.
  • the central part 29c of the crankshaft 29 is connected to the rotor vanes 19 in the way shown so as to allow the vanes to rotate freely with the rotor.
  • the central portion 29c of the camshaft is therefore eccentrically positioned inside the rotor and its eccentricity is opposed to that of the rotor with respect to the stator.
  • the camshaft 29 is supported inside the rotor by means of the extensions 29a and 29b coaxially arranged to the rotor, and by ball bearings 30 so that the rotor can rotate while said crankshaft is fixedly held to a cover 31 of the end wall 12 by, for example, the shaft end 29b that extends axially through and beyond the hollow hub 32 of the rotor 15.
  • each vane 19 is connected to a pair of rods 33 that extend into radial guide holes 34 in the rotor to connect with a ring 35 rotatably supported, for example by rollers 36, concentrically to the central part 29c of the crankshaft 29.
  • the hollow rotor 15 defines a sort of oil chamber 15a in which is immersed the fixed camshaft 29, which permits splash lubrication.
  • the oil chamber 15a communicates through an annular passage 37 between the hollow hub 32 of the rotor and the camshaft extension 29b, with a first chamber 37' in the end wall 12, said chamber 37' in its turn communicating through the bearing 16, with an annular chamber 37'' containing a rotating seal 38 between the oil circuit and the compressed air circuit.
  • a second seal 38' is provided between the oil circuit and the outside about the compressor shaft 17.
  • the annular chamber 37'' on the left in fig. 1 communicates in its turn, through a duct 39, with a corresponding annular chamber 37'' in the other end wall 11 of the compressor in which there a second seal 38'' is provided.
  • lubrication of the rotor rods 33 occurs through special channels 40 as an effect of their repeated reciprocating movement.
  • Figure 3 is a detailed drawing of the hydraulic seal which is formed between the radially most outward edge of each vane 19 and the internal wall delimiting the stator chamber 14.
  • the radially most outward edge of the vane 19 is provided with a step contour, that is, with a rounded saw-tooth profile, which gradually diverges from the internal surface 14b of the stator chamber starting from the step 19a of the vane towards the rear side of the same as defined by the rotational sense of the rotor.
  • a sort of water cushion 42 is formed in the concave surface of the step 19a, which prevents any leakage of the fluid under compression, so that in this way an effective seal is formed between moving parts.
  • the arched and diverging form of the rear part of the edge of the vane 19 also facilitates the discharge of the water film into the next compression space, so preventing the phenomenon of water hammering.
  • the fluid to be compressed is a gas or fluid which in the liquid state has a high density or viscosity
  • the problem associated with the seal along the edges of the vanes is less acute; this is because the compressed fluid that partially condenses along the cooled surface of the chamber 14, in the compression area, contributes to form the hydraulic seal referred to above.
  • the rotary compressor according to his invention operates as briefly outlined below.
  • the vanes 19, while being drawn around by the rotating rotor 5, are kept centred with respect to the stator by the shaft 29. This enables them to faithfully follow the internal cylindrical profile of the chamber 14, remaining at a narrow distance from its wall, without giving rise either to fictional effect or, accordingly, to consequent overheating or wear.
  • the hydraulic seal between the vanes 19 and the internal surface of the stator chamber 14 is broadly effective in preventing a loss of pressure between one space and the next, defined by the vanes.
  • said shaft 29 performs precisely the function of a cam or of a crankshaft which causes a progressive radial reciprocating movement outwards and backwards of the vanes 19 with respect to the rotor 15. Accordingly, starting from the position in which a vane is totally recessed, as shown in the upper part of fig. 2, and viewing the rotation of the rotor as indicated by the arrow in the figure, the vane will gradually move from the totally recessed position to that in which it fully emerges as rotates through the intake arc 14b of the chamber 14. It will then gradually return to the recessed position as rotate through the right-hand or compression arc 14a, as diagrammatically shown.
  • a rotary vane compressor for air or gas is thus provided in which all frictional effects between the vanes 19 and the surface of the internal chamber of the stator are eliminated, so obviating any need for lubrication that releases lubricating oil into the compressed fluid and thereby removing any cause of further overheating of the gas.
  • Lubrication of the rotating parts can, therefore, be effected separately and independently from the gas compression circuit, which remains uncontaminated by the lubricating oil.
  • the result is a considerable simplification in the design and operation of the compressor which makes it particularly suitable and advantageous for medium and low power compressors. It follows that it may be employed and utilised in any sector where the rotary vane compressor used to be excluded both because of the high costs of a traditional machine and the need to undertake complex operations to separate the compressed fluid from the lubricating oil.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
EP19910108463 1990-06-28 1991-05-24 Dry rotary vane compressor Withdrawn EP0465807A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT02079990A IT1249018B (it) 1990-06-28 1990-06-28 Compressore rotativo a palette, del tipo a secco
IT2079990 1990-06-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0465807A2 true EP0465807A2 (fr) 1992-01-15
EP0465807A3 EP0465807A3 (en) 1992-04-01

Family

ID=11172239

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910108463 Withdrawn EP0465807A3 (en) 1990-06-28 1991-05-24 Dry rotary vane compressor

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0465807A3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1249018B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2987951A1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2016-02-24 WABCO Europe BVBA Pompe à vide à palettes entraînées de manière excentrique
CN108026929A (zh) * 2015-11-13 2018-05-11 威伯科欧洲有限责任公司 具有偏心驱动叶片的真空泵
US11111789B2 (en) * 2016-06-24 2021-09-07 Shuiming GONG Vane-type air motor

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE402764A (fr) *
FR420921A (fr) * 1910-09-30 1911-02-10 Condensationsbau-Gesellschaft M B H Vormals Otto S Pompe à air rotative par voie sèche
US2031125A (en) * 1934-02-06 1936-02-18 Erospha Inc Spherical machine
US2909397A (en) * 1955-07-01 1959-10-20 Samuel B Brown Rotary pump
US3065708A (en) * 1959-10-12 1962-11-27 Mechanisms Company Fluid pressure transducer
US3279387A (en) * 1964-02-03 1966-10-18 Daniel F Mcgill Reversable pump and motor
US3764241A (en) * 1972-03-06 1973-10-09 W Cartland High speed single vane motor
US4355965A (en) * 1980-02-04 1982-10-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Rotary sliding vane device with radial bias control

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE402764A (fr) *
FR420921A (fr) * 1910-09-30 1911-02-10 Condensationsbau-Gesellschaft M B H Vormals Otto S Pompe à air rotative par voie sèche
US2031125A (en) * 1934-02-06 1936-02-18 Erospha Inc Spherical machine
US2909397A (en) * 1955-07-01 1959-10-20 Samuel B Brown Rotary pump
US3065708A (en) * 1959-10-12 1962-11-27 Mechanisms Company Fluid pressure transducer
US3279387A (en) * 1964-02-03 1966-10-18 Daniel F Mcgill Reversable pump and motor
US3764241A (en) * 1972-03-06 1973-10-09 W Cartland High speed single vane motor
US4355965A (en) * 1980-02-04 1982-10-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Rotary sliding vane device with radial bias control

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2987951A1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2016-02-24 WABCO Europe BVBA Pompe à vide à palettes entraînées de manière excentrique
WO2016026556A1 (fr) * 2014-08-22 2016-02-25 Wabco Europe Bvba Pompe à vide munie d'organe obturateur à commande excentrique (conception de pompe à excentrique)
CN106536855A (zh) * 2014-08-22 2017-03-22 威伯科欧洲有限责任公司 带有偏心驱动叶片的真空泵（偏心泵设计）
US9803642B2 (en) 2014-08-22 2017-10-31 Wabco Europe Bvba Vacuum pump with eccentrically driven vane (eccentric pump design)
CN108026929A (zh) * 2015-11-13 2018-05-11 威伯科欧洲有限责任公司 具有偏心驱动叶片的真空泵
CN108026929B (zh) * 2015-11-13 2019-06-18 威伯科欧洲有限责任公司 具有偏心驱动叶片的真空泵
US10837283B2 (en) 2015-11-13 2020-11-17 Wabco Europe Bvba Vacuum pump with eccentrically driven vane (eccentric pump design with crank pin)
US11111789B2 (en) * 2016-06-24 2021-09-07 Shuiming GONG Vane-type air motor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT9020799A0 (fr) 1990-06-28
EP0465807A3 (en) 1992-04-01
IT1249018B (it) 1995-02-11
IT9020799A1 (it) 1991-12-28

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