EP0464377B1 - Method for corrosion monitoring - Google Patents
Method for corrosion monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- EP0464377B1 EP0464377B1 EP91108962A EP91108962A EP0464377B1 EP 0464377 B1 EP0464377 B1 EP 0464377B1 EP 91108962 A EP91108962 A EP 91108962A EP 91108962 A EP91108962 A EP 91108962A EP 0464377 B1 EP0464377 B1 EP 0464377B1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- heating
- corrosion
- corrosion monitoring
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
- F01P11/18—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning coolant pressure, coolant flow, or liquid-coolant level
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/06—Cleaning; Combating corrosion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/06—Cleaning; Combating corrosion
- F01P2011/066—Combating corrosion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2025/00—Measuring
- F01P2025/04—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P2025/00—Measuring
- F01P2025/08—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
- F01P3/2207—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point characterised by the coolant reaching temperatures higher than the normal atmospheric boiling point
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring corrosion according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention is illustrated without limitation by the example of such heating and cooling circuits which represent a preferred field of application of the invention, since it is equally suitable for use in other closed or lockable rooms which are at risk of corrosion, such as heat pipes or boilers.
- the invention can be applied to all rooms at risk of corrosion, which are either essentially filled with liquid or a phase which changes, in particular between the liquid and the vapor phase Contain material or a gaseous medium with moisture content.
- Modern heating and cooling circuits are hermetically sealed, so that under normal operating situations the circulating heat medium, which usually contains water, cannot evaporate if its temperature exceeds the boiling point.
- a pressure relief valve is provided for extreme cases.
- the heat transfer medium transports the heat within the engine, from the engine to the vehicle heater and from the engine to the cooling system.
- Heat stores in particular latent heat stores, are installed in such heating and cooling circuits in order to store engine heat for operating situations with a heat deficit, for example for a cold start.
- the storage material used for storage with a high energy density is usually aggressive towards metals used in heating and cooling circuits, for example aluminum and copper. If the storage material leaks into the heat transfer medium, the leaked storage material can circulate and lead to corrosion, decomposition and the like, which can result in corresponding damage.
- Another advantage of pressure measurement in heating and cooling circuits is that other conceivable causes for a significant increase in pressure in such heating and cooling circuits are also signs of significant damage or dangerous operating situations, such as damage to the cylinder head gasket, overheating of the engine, etc. .
- an advantageous embodiment consists in the threshold pressure being above the vapor pressure occurring in the permissible operating range, but below the opening pressure of a pressure relief valve which may be present. It is thereby achieved that when the display signaling that the threshold value has been exceeded occurs with certainty a state outside the permissible operating range.
- the threshold value can be 3 bar absolute.
- a preferred embodiment in the case of corrosion monitoring in liquid-filled rooms is that, in addition to the pressure, the temperature of the liquid is measured and the display of a corrosion process is suppressed when the liquid temperature is at the boiling point reached or exceeded.
- the closed room to be monitored is usually essentially pressure-free, so that a pressure increase of 0.5 bar is a clear indication of a malfunction, e.g. corrosion or a leak in the Cylinder head of an engine, which is why in this embodiment a relatively sensitive monitoring for corrosion takes place.
- the display is then suppressed in order to prevent a signal from being triggered when the boiling point is exceeded and the associated development of vapor pressure, although there is neither corrosion nor any other unusual condition.
- the threshold pressure can preferably be 1.5 bar absolute and the display of a corrosion process from an upper limit temperature of 90 ° C can be suppressed, so that the lower boiling point then also when driving over high mountain passes cannot trigger a signal.
- Yet another expedient embodiment consists in that, in addition to the pressure, the temperature is measured and the threshold pressure is changed as a function of the temperature in such a way that it is at a predetermined distance above the pressure associated with the measured temperature during trouble-free operation.
- a further advantageous embodiment in motor vehicle heaters is that a valve is closed when the threshold pressure in the heating circuit is exceeded and the circulation of the heat carrier through the heat accumulator is thereby prevented.
- a closed system for carrying out the method according to the invention is designed in such a way that a few grams of aluminum or copper are deposited in the room in the immediate vicinity of a possible exit area of corrosive materials to be secured.
- the escaping, corrosive material then immediately hits this slightly corrosive material and causes an increase in pressure, which will trigger the display in the form of a warning signal before the leaking corrosive material can penetrate into the operative or sensitive areas of the system.
- the slightly corroding material can be arranged within the store.
- the slightly co-corroding material which is only intended for the purpose of being attacked first by the corrosive material escaping in the event of a leak and thereby causing the pressure increase triggering the warning signal, and which is therefore also referred to below as sacrificial material, is limited to a few grams and can be attached in the form of a piece of wire, for example.
- Another expedient embodiment consists in a system in the form of a heating and cooling circuit for motor vehicles provided with at least one heat store that a signal-dependent closable valve is included in the heating circuit in such a way that it is caused by the threshold pressure being exceeded occurring display signal can be closed, whereby the flow through the memory and thus the circulation of the corrosive material is prevented.
- 10 denotes an engine with an engine circuit 12, a cooling circuit 13 and a heating circuit 14, which are referred to collectively as the heating and cooling circuit 15.
- a cooler 16 with a cooler fan 18 is arranged in the cooling circuit 13.
- the heat transfer medium emerging from the motor 10 at 20 initially reaches a thermostatically controlled three-way valve 22. If the heat transfer medium has not yet reached the operating temperature, it is diverted directly to a water pump 24 at the three-way valve 22 and is conveyed back by this into the motor 10 at 26, which is referred to as engine circuit 12.
- the direct connection to the water pump 24 is blocked by the three-way valve 22 and the heat transfer medium is passed through the cooler 16, from which it reaches the water pump 24 via the cooler return 28 and the connecting line 30 and again through the Motor 10 is transported.
- An expansion tank 31 with a pressure relief valve prevents an excessive pressure rise.
- a latent heat accumulator 40 is then incorporated into the motor 10, the chambers of which the heat transfer medium has a corrosive material contain.
- the heat accumulator 40 is connected via the heating flow 42 to a heating heat exchanger 44, to which a heating fan 46 is assigned, which can be adjusted according to the respective needs via a heating adjustment 48.
- a heating return 49 leads from the heating heat exchanger 44 to the connecting line 30 and from there via the water pump 24 back to the engine 10.
- a pressure sensor 50 and a temperature sensor 52 are assigned to the heating and cooling circuit 15, which, depending on the pressure prevailing in the heating and cooling circuit 15 and the temperature of the heat transfer medium, provide a signal to an alarm, if appropriate Deliver direction passed display unit 54 in the dashboard of the vehicle, not shown.
- the arrangement of the two sensors 50 and 52 in the vicinity of the thermostatically controlled three-way valve 22 is chosen because the temperature sensor is usually in the vicinity of the thermostat.
- a few grams of a sacrificial material 56 are arranged in the heat store 40, which can be, for example, a wire made of aluminum or copper with a weight of about 1 gram.
- the storage material leaks in the heating and cooling circuit 15, corrosion occurs on corrosion-sensitive materials, which leads to the formation of gaseous hydrogen. Since the system is hermetically sealed, the formation of hydrogen causes an increase in pressure within the system, which can be measured at the pressure sensor 50. The measured value is displayed on the display unit 54, the arrangement for avoiding false indications preferably being such that a display, preferably by means of an optical and / or acoustic alarm signal, only takes place when a predetermined threshold pressure is reached or exceeded.
- a control signal can be sent via a line 58 to a valve 60 in the heating and cooling circuit 15 in order to close this valve 60 and thereby the spread of the corrosive material into the heater - and to prevent the cooling circuit.
- a system to be checked in particular a larger or relatively complex system, can be subdivided into a number of isolated areas, each of these areas being assigned a pressure sensor.
- partitioning is preferably carried out using shut-off valves. Such an analytical review Such a system usually has to be shut down because the foreclosure of the operating cycle is interrupted.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verfahren zur Korrosionsüberwachung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for monitoring corrosion according to the preamble of
Die Erfindung wird ohne beschränkende Absicht am Beispiel solcher, ein bevorzugtes Anwendungsgebiet der Erfindung darstellender Heiz- und Kühlkreisläufe erläutert, da sie sich gleichermaßen auch zur Anwenung bei anderen geschlossenen oder abschließbaren und korrosionsgefährdeten Räumen, wie z.B. Wärmerohren oder Kesseln, eignet. Die Erfindung kann bei allen korrosionsgefährdeten Räumen angewandt werden, die entweder im wesentlichen mit Flüssigkeit gefüllt sind oder ein die Phase, insbesondere zwischen der flüssigen und der dampfförmigen Phase, wechselndes Material oder aber ein gasförmiges Medium mit Feuchtigkeitsanteil enthalten.The invention is illustrated without limitation by the example of such heating and cooling circuits which represent a preferred field of application of the invention, since it is equally suitable for use in other closed or lockable rooms which are at risk of corrosion, such as heat pipes or boilers. The invention can be applied to all rooms at risk of corrosion, which are either essentially filled with liquid or a phase which changes, in particular between the liquid and the vapor phase Contain material or a gaseous medium with moisture content.
Moderne Heiz- und Kühlkreisläufe sind hermetisch geschlossen, so daß unter normalen Betriebssituationen der üblicherweise Wasser enthaltende, im Kreislauf zirkulierende Wärmeträger nicht ausdampfen kann, wenn seine Temperatur den Siedepunkt überschreitet. Für Extremfälle ist ein Überdruckventil vorgesehen.Modern heating and cooling circuits are hermetically sealed, so that under normal operating situations the circulating heat medium, which usually contains water, cannot evaporate if its temperature exceeds the boiling point. A pressure relief valve is provided for extreme cases.
Der Warmeträger transportiert die Wärme innerhalb des Motors, von Motor zur Fahrzeugheizung und vom Motor zur Kühlung. Wärmespeicher, insbesondere Latentwärmespeicher, werden in solche Heiz- und Kühlkreisläufe eingebaut, um Motorwärme für Betriebssituationen mit Wärmedefizit, beispielsweise für den Kaltstart, zu speichern.The heat transfer medium transports the heat within the engine, from the engine to the vehicle heater and from the engine to the cooling system. Heat stores, in particular latent heat stores, are installed in such heating and cooling circuits in order to store engine heat for operating situations with a heat deficit, for example for a cold start.
Das bei Speichern mit hoher Energiedichte benutzte Speichermaterial ist meist agressiv gegenüber Metallen, die in Heiz- und Kühlkreisläufen verwendet werden, beispielsweise gegenüber Aluminium und Kupfer. In Falle einer Leckage des Speichermaterials in den Wärmeträger kann das ausgetretene Speichernmaterial zirkulieren und zu Korrosion, Zersetzung und dergleichen führen, wodurch entsprechende Schäden entstehen können.The storage material used for storage with a high energy density is usually aggressive towards metals used in heating and cooling circuits, for example aluminum and copper. If the storage material leaks into the heat transfer medium, the leaked storage material can circulate and lead to corrosion, decomposition and the like, which can result in corresponding damage.
Da sich bei derartiger Korrosion üblicherweise gasförmiger Wasserstoff bildet, steigt der Druck innerhalb solcher geschlossener Heiz- und Kühlwasserkreisläufe an, dehnt die üblicherweise in die Führung der Kreisläufe einbezogenen Schläuche, was zu Schwierigkeiten in der Füllstandsregelung führt, und kann schließlich das öffnen des Überdruckreglers mit einem entsprechenden Verlust von Wärmeträgerflüssigkeit veranlassen, so daß als weitere Folge der Motor stillgesetzt werden muß.Since gaseous hydrogen usually forms with such corrosion, the pressure within such closed heating and cooling water circuits increases, expands the hoses that are usually involved in the management of the circuits, which leads to difficulties in the level control, and can finally open the pressure regulator with one cause a corresponding loss of heat transfer fluid so that the engine must be shut down as a further consequence.
Da die Leckage des Speichermaterials zu chemischen und physikalischen Veränderungen im Wärmeträger führt, ist versucht worden, solche Veränderungen zu messen und als Leckindikatoren zu verwenden. (US-A-4 662 232) Besonders zu erwähnen sind hierbei Ionisierung und elektrische Leitfähigkeit. Solche Messungen sind jedoch mit hohem apperativen Aufwand verbunden und nicht notwendigerweise eindeutig, weil die entsprechenden Werte von Natur aus großen Schwankungen unterworfen sind und weil die Meßfühler leicht verschmutzen können. Außerdem sind Leckagekonzentrationen starken örtlichen Schwankungen unterworfen, so daß die Plazierung solcher Meßfühler weiter kompliziert wird.Since the leakage of the storage material leads to chemical and physical changes in the heat transfer medium, attempts have been made to measure such changes and to use them as leak indicators. (US-A-4 662 232) Ionization and electrical conductivity are particularly worth mentioning. However, such measurements are associated with a high level of apperative effort and are not necessarily unambiguous because the corresponding values are naturally subject to large fluctuations and because the sensors can easily become dirty. In addition, leakage concentrations are subject to strong local fluctuations, so that the placement of such sensors is further complicated.
Es ist deshalb die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Korrisionsüberwachung in geschlossenen, insbesondere flüssigkeitsgefüllten Bäumen, insbesondere in Warmespeicher umfassenden Heiz- und Kühlkreisläufen von Kraftfahrzeugen, so auszugestalten, daß es auch in Kraftfahrzeugen wirtschaftlich eingesetzt werden kann, um eine Leckage schnell und so frühzeitig anzuzeigen, daß keine Folgeschäden entstehen können, wobei außerdem die Gefahr eines Fehlalarms so weit wie möglich reduziert werden soll.It is therefore the object of the invention to design a method for monitoring corrosion in closed, in particular liquid-filled trees, in particular in heating and cooling circuits of motor vehicles, comprising heat stores, in such a way that it can also be used economically in motor vehicles in order to quickly and quickly detect a leak to indicate that consequential damage cannot occur, and the risk of a false alarm should also be reduced as far as possible.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht in der in Anspruch 1 gekennzeichneten Erfindung.This object is achieved in the invention characterized in
Da die mit der Korrosion verbundene Freisetzung von Wasserstoffgas bereits bei Wasserstoffmengen von wenigen Milligramm zu einer deutlichen Druckerhöhung in dem geschlossenen Raum führt und dieser Druck an allen Stellen innerhalb des Raums auftritt, ist ein einfacher Nachweis von korrosiven Leckagen möglich.Since the release of hydrogen gas associated with corrosion leads to a significant increase in pressure in the closed room even with hydrogen quantities of just a few milligrams and this pressure occurs at all points within the room, simple detection of corrosive leaks is possible.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Druckmessung besteht beispielsweise bei Heiz- und Kühlkreisläufen darin, daß andere denkbare Ursachen für eine deutliche Druckerhöhung in solchen Heiz- und Kühlkreisläufen ebenfalls Anzeichen von bedeutsamen Schäden oder gefährlichen Betriebssituationen sind, wie beispielsweise Schäden an der Zylinderkopfdichtung, Überhitzung des Motors, etc.Another advantage of pressure measurement in heating and cooling circuits, for example, is that other conceivable causes for a significant increase in pressure in such heating and cooling circuits are also signs of significant damage or dangerous operating situations, such as damage to the cylinder head gasket, overheating of the engine, etc. .
Bei der Korrosionsüberwachung in flüssigkeitsgefüllten Räumen besteht eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung darin, daß der Schwellendruck oberhalb das im zulässigen Betriebsbereich auftretenden Dampfdrucks liegt, jedoch unterhalb des öffnungsdrucks eines gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Überdruckventils. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß beim Auftreten der das Überschreiten des Schwellenwertes signalisierenden Anzeige mit Sicherheit ein Zustand außerhalb des zulässigen Betriebzbereichs vorliegt. Bei der Korrosionsüberwachung in Wärmespeicher umfassenden Heiz- und Kuhlkreisläufen von Kraftfahrzeugen kann der Schwellenwert bei 3 bar absolut liegen.In the case of corrosion monitoring in liquid-filled rooms, an advantageous embodiment consists in the threshold pressure being above the vapor pressure occurring in the permissible operating range, but below the opening pressure of a pressure relief valve which may be present. It is thereby achieved that when the display signaling that the threshold value has been exceeded occurs with certainty a state outside the permissible operating range. In the case of corrosion monitoring in heating and cooling circuits of motor vehicles comprising heat accumulators, the threshold value can be 3 bar absolute.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform besteht bei der Korrosionsübewachung in flüssigkeitsgefüllten Räumen darin, daß neben dem Druck die Temperatur der Flüssigkeit gemessen wird und die Anzeige eines Korrosionsvorgangs unterdrückt wird, wenn die Flüssigkeitstemperatur den Siedepunkt erreicht oder überschreitet. Bei niedrigen Temperaturen, z.B. unterhalb von 90 - 100°C, ist der zu überwachende geschlossene Raum in der Regel im wesentlichen druckfrei, so daß bereits eine Drucksteigerung um 0,5 bar ein deutlicher Hinweis auf eine Betriebsstörung ist, z.B. Korrosion oder eine Undichtigkeit im Zylinderkopf eines Motors, weshalb bei dieser Ausführungform eine relativ sensible Überwachung auf Korrosion stattfindet. Um zu verhindern, daß beim Überschreiten des Siedepunktes und der damit verbundenen Entwicklung von Dampfdruck ein Signal ausgelöst wird, obwohl weder eine Korrosion noch ein anderer ungewöhnlicher Zustand vorliegt, wird die Anzeige dann unterdrückt. Bei der Korrosionsüberwachung in Wärmespeicher umfassenden Heiz- und Kühlkreisläufen von Kraftfahrzeugen kann vorzugsweise der Schwellendruck bei 1,5 bar absolut liegen und die Anzeige eines Korrosionsvorgangs ab einer oberen Grenztemperatur von 90°C unterdrückt werden, so daß auch bei Fahrten über Hochgebirgspässe die dann niedrigere Siedetemperatur kein Signal auslösen kann.A preferred embodiment in the case of corrosion monitoring in liquid-filled rooms is that, in addition to the pressure, the temperature of the liquid is measured and the display of a corrosion process is suppressed when the liquid temperature is at the boiling point reached or exceeded. At low temperatures, e.g. below 90 - 100 ° C, the closed room to be monitored is usually essentially pressure-free, so that a pressure increase of 0.5 bar is a clear indication of a malfunction, e.g. corrosion or a leak in the Cylinder head of an engine, which is why in this embodiment a relatively sensitive monitoring for corrosion takes place. The display is then suppressed in order to prevent a signal from being triggered when the boiling point is exceeded and the associated development of vapor pressure, although there is neither corrosion nor any other unusual condition. When monitoring the corrosion in heating and cooling circuits of motor vehicles comprising heat accumulators, the threshold pressure can preferably be 1.5 bar absolute and the display of a corrosion process from an upper limit temperature of 90 ° C can be suppressed, so that the lower boiling point then also when driving over high mountain passes cannot trigger a signal.
Noch eine weitere zweckmäßige Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß neben dem Druck die Temperatur gemessen und der Schwellendruck temperaturabhängig derart verändert wird, daß er jeweils mit vorgegebenem Abstand oberhalb des der gemessenen Temperatur bei störungsfreiem Betrieb zugeordneten Drucks liegt.Yet another expedient embodiment consists in that, in addition to the pressure, the temperature is measured and the threshold pressure is changed as a function of the temperature in such a way that it is at a predetermined distance above the pressure associated with the measured temperature during trouble-free operation.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform ist es bei Kraftfahrzeugheizungen, daß beim Überschreiten des Schwellendrucks im Heizkreislauf ein Ventil geschlossen wird und dadurch die Zirkulation des Wärmeträgers durch den Wärmespeicher unterbunden wird.A further advantageous embodiment in motor vehicle heaters is that a valve is closed when the threshold pressure in the heating circuit is exceeded and the circulation of the heat carrier through the heat accumulator is thereby prevented.
Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform ist ein geschlossenes System zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens so ausgestaltet, daß in unmittelbarer Nähe eines abzusichernden, möglichen Austrittsbereichs korrosiver Materialien wenige Gramm von Aluminium oder Kupfer im Raum deponiert wird. Im Falle einer Korrosion trifft dann das austretende, korrosive Material alsbald auf dieses leicht korrodierende Material und verursacht einen Druckanstieg, der die Anzeige in Form eines Warnsignals auslösen wird, bevor das auslaufende korrosive Material in die operativen bzw. die empfindlichen Bereiche des Systems vordringen kann.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, a closed system for carrying out the method according to the invention is designed in such a way that a few grams of aluminum or copper are deposited in the room in the immediate vicinity of a possible exit area of corrosive materials to be secured. In the event of corrosion, the escaping, corrosive material then immediately hits this slightly corrosive material and causes an increase in pressure, which will trigger the display in the form of a warning signal before the leaking corrosive material can penetrate into the operative or sensitive areas of the system.
Bei einem System in Form eines mit mindestens einem Wärmespeicher versehenen Heiz- und Kühlkreislaufs für Kraftfahrzeuge kann nach einer weiteren zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform das leicht korrodierende Material innerhalb des Speichers angeordnet werden.In a system in the form of a heating and cooling circuit for motor vehicles provided with at least one heat store, according to a further expedient embodiment, the slightly corroding material can be arranged within the store.
Das leicht koorodierende Material, das nur zu dem Zweck vorgesehen wird, als erstes vom im Leckagefall austretenden korrosiven Material angegriffen zu werden und dadurch den dar Warnsignal auslösenden Druckanstieg zu verursachen, und das deshalb nachfolgend auch als Opfermaterial bezeichnet wird, ist auf wenige Gramm beschränkt und kann beispielsweise in Form eines Drahtstücks angebracht sein.The slightly co-corroding material, which is only intended for the purpose of being attacked first by the corrosive material escaping in the event of a leak and thereby causing the pressure increase triggering the warning signal, and which is therefore also referred to below as sacrificial material, is limited to a few grams and can be attached in the form of a piece of wire, for example.
Eine weitere zweckmäßige Ausführungsform besteht bei eine System in Form eines mit mindestens einem Wärmespeicher versehenen Heiz- und Kühlkreislaufs für Kraftfahrzeuge darin, daß im Heizkreiglauf ein signalabhängig schließbares Ventil derart einbezogen ist, das es durch das beim Überschreiten des Schwellendrucks auftretende Anzeigesignal schließbar ist, wodurch der Durchfluß durch den Speicher und damit die Zirkulation des korrosiven Materials unterbunden wird.Another expedient embodiment consists in a system in the form of a heating and cooling circuit for motor vehicles provided with at least one heat store that a signal-dependent closable valve is included in the heating circuit in such a way that it is caused by the threshold pressure being exceeded occurring display signal can be closed, whereby the flow through the memory and thus the circulation of the corrosive material is prevented.
Anhand einer schematischen Darstellung eines mit einem Wärmespeicher versehenen Kühl- und Heizkreislaufs eines Kraftfahrzeugs wird die Erfindung nachfolgend näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a schematic illustration of a cooling and heating circuit of a motor vehicle provided with a heat store.
In der Zeichnung bezeichnet 10 einen Motor mit einem Motorkreislauf 12, einem Kühlkreislauf 13 und einem Heizkreislauf 14, die zusammenfassend als Heiz- und Kühlkreislauf 15 bezeichnet werden. Im Kühlkreislauf 13 ist ein Kühler 16 mit einem Kühlergebläse 18 angeordnet. Der bei 20 aus dem Motor 10 austretende Wärmeträger gelangt zunächst zu einem thermostatgesteuerten Dreiwegeventil 22. Hat der Wärmeträger die Betriebstemperatur noch nicht erreicht, wird er beim Dreiwegeventil 22 direkt zu einer Wasserpumpe 24 umgelenkt und von dieser wieder bei 26 in den Motor 10 zurückbefördert, was als Motorkreislauf 12 bezeichnet wird. Hat der Wärmeträger die gewünschte Betriebstemperatur erreicht, wird durch das Dreiwegeventil 22 die direkte Verbindung zur Wasserpumpe 24 gesperrt und der Wärmeträger wird über den Kühler 16 geleitet, von dem aus er über die Kühlerrücklauf 28 und die Verbindungsleitung 30 zur Wasserpumpe 24 gelangt und wieder durch den Motor 10 befördert wird. Ein Ausgleichsbehälter 31 mit Überdruckventil verhindert einen zu hohen Druckanstieg.In the drawing, 10 denotes an engine with an
In den Heizkreislauf 14 ist anschließend an den Motor 10 ein Latentwärmespeicher 40 einbezogen, dessen vom Wärmeträger umspülte Kammern ein korrosives Material enthalten. Der Wärmespeicher 40 ist über den Heizungsvorlauf 42 mit einem Heizungswärmetauscher 44 verbunden, dem ein Heizungsgebläse 46 zugeordnet ist, das über eine Heizungsverstellung 48 den jeweiligen Bedürfnissen entsprechend einstellbar ist. Vom Heizungswärmetauscher 44 führt ein Heizungsrücklauf 49 zur Verbindungsleitung 30 und von dieser über die Wasserpumpe 24 zurück zum Motor 10.In the
Zwischen dem Motor 10 und dem Dreiwegeventil 22 sind dem Heiz- und Kühlkreislauf 15 ein Drucksensor 50 und ein Temperatursensor 52 zugeordnet, die in Abhängigkeit von dem im Heiz- und Kühlkreislauf 15 herrschenden Druck und der Temperatur des Wärmeträgers ein Signal an eine gegebenenfalls mit einer Alarmein richtung verehene Anzeigeeinheit 54 im nicht gezeigten Armaturenbrett des Fahrzeugs abgeben.Between the
Die Anordnung der beiden Sensoren 50 und 52 in der Nähe des thermotstgesteuerten Dreiwegeventils 22 ist deshalb gewählt, weil sich üblicherweise der Temperatursensor in der Nähe des Thermostaten befindet.The arrangement of the two
Da der Druck im ganzen geschlossenen System stets gleich ist, kann auch ein anderer Platz für den Drucksensor 50 gewählt werden, beispielsweise im Ausgleichsbehälter 31, wo er besonders vor Verschmutzung geschützt ist.Since the pressure is always the same in the entire closed system, a different place can also be selected for the
Im Wärmespeicher 40 sind wenige Gramm eines Opfermaterials 56 angeordnet, wobei es sich beispielsweise um einen Draht aus Aluminium oder Kupfer mit etwa 1 Gramm Masse handeln kann.A few grams of a
Bei Leckage des Speichermaterials in den Heiz- und Kühlkreislauf 15 entsteht an korrosionsempfindlichen Materialien Korrosion, diese führt zur Bildung von gasförmigem Wasserstoff. Da das System hermetisch verschlossen ist, verursacht die Wasserstoffbildung einen Druckanstieg innerhalb des Systems, der am Drucksensor 50 gemessen werden kann. Der Meßwert wird an der Anzeigeeinheit 54 angezeigt, wobei die Anordnung zur Vermeidung von Fehlanzeigen vorzugsweise so getroffen ist, daß eine Anzeige, vorzugsweise durch ein optisches und/oder akustisches Alarmsignal nur erfolgt, wenn ein vorgegebenen Schwellendruck erreicht oder überschritten wird.If the storage material leaks in the heating and
Da sich im Bereich des Wärmespeichers 40 das Opfermaterial 56 befindet, wird dieses als erstes angegriffen und erhöht somit den Druck im System, bevor sich das korrosive Speichermaterial im Heiz- und Kühlkreislauf weiter ausbreiten kann. Wenn die Anzeigeeinheit 54 auf das Erreichen bzw. Überschreiten des Schwellendruckes anspricht, kann über eine Leitung 58 ein Steuersignal an ein Ventil 60 im Heiz- und Kühlkreislauf 15 abgegeben werden, um dieses Ventil 60 zu schließen und dadurch die Verbreitung des korrosiven Materials in den Heiz- und Kühlkreislauf zu verhindern.Since the
Um die der Korrosion ausgesetzte Stelle näher zu lokalisieren, kann ein zu überprüfendes System, insbesondere ein größeres oder relativ komplexes System in eine Anzahl voneinander abgeschotteter Bereiche unterteilt werden, wobei jedem dieser Bereiche ein Druckfühler zugeordnet ist. Bei Rohrleitungssystemen erfolgt die Abschottung vorzugsweise durch Absperrventile. Zu einer derartigen analytischen Überprüfung muß ein solches System in der Regel stillgelegt werden, weil durch die Abschottung der Betriebskreislauf unterbrochen wird.In order to localize the location exposed to corrosion in more detail, a system to be checked, in particular a larger or relatively complex system, can be subdivided into a number of isolated areas, each of these areas being assigned a pressure sensor. In the case of piping systems, partitioning is preferably carried out using shut-off valves. Such an analytical review Such a system usually has to be shut down because the foreclosure of the operating cycle is interrupted.
Um an offenen Systemen eine Korrosionsprüfung durchzuführen, können diese für die Dauer der Prüfung hermetisch abgeschlossen werden.In order to carry out a corrosion test on open systems, they can be hermetically sealed for the duration of the test.
Claims (12)
- A method for corrosion monitoring in a closed, in particular liquid containing space, in particular in a heating and cooling circuit of an automotive vehicle containing a heat storage, characterized in that the pressure in the closed space is sensed and the occurence of corrosion is indicated when the pressure exceeds a threshold pressure.
- A method according to claim 1 for corrosion monitoring in a liquid containing space, characterized in that the threshold pressure is above the vapor pressures occuring within the admissible operative range, however below the opening pressure of a pressure check valve if present.
- A method according to claim 1 for corrosion monitoring in a liquid containing space, characterized in that the temperature of the liquid additional to the pressure is sensed and the indication of the occurence of corrosion is suppressed when the liquid temperature reaches or exceeds the boiling point.
- A method according to claim 2 for corrosion monitoring in a heating and cooling circuit of an automotive vehicle including a heat storage, characterized in that the threshold pressure is about 3 bar absolute value.
- A method according to claim 3 for corrosion monitoring in a heating and cooling circuit of an automotive vehicle containing a heat storage, characterized in that the threshold pressure is about 1.5 bar absolute value and the indication of the occurence of corrosion is suppressed above an upper limit temperature of 90° C.
- A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature additional to the pressure is sensed and the threshold pressure is varied in response to temperature such that it will remain at a predetermined value above the pressure associated with the sensed temperature during trouble-free operation.
- A method according to any of claims 1 to 6 for corrosion monitoring in a heating and cooling circuit of an automotive vehicle containing a heat storage, characterized in that a valve is closed when the pressure in the heating circuit exceeds the threshold pressure.
- A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that said closed space is obtained by closing an open space during the corrosion monitoring.
- A method according to any of the preceding claims for an analyzing corrosion monitoring of in particular large systems, characterized in that the system is divided by separations into a plurality of closed compartments each provided with a pressure sensor and the pressure is sensed in each of these compartments.
- A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a few grams of aluminium or copper are deposited in the space immediately adjacent an area where corrosive materials may escape.
- A method according to claim 10 for corrosion monitoring in a heating and cooling circuit for automotive vehicles containing at least one heat storage characterized in that the highly corrosive material is disposed within the storage.
- A method according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the space is adapted to be divided by separations into a plurality of individual closed compartments each having a pressure sensor associated therewith.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4017451 | 1990-05-30 | ||
| DE4017451A DE4017451C2 (en) | 1990-05-30 | 1990-05-30 | Corrosion monitoring method and system for carrying it out |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0464377A2 EP0464377A2 (en) | 1992-01-08 |
| EP0464377A3 EP0464377A3 (en) | 1992-08-05 |
| EP0464377B1 true EP0464377B1 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
Family
ID=6407505
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91108962A Expired - Lifetime EP0464377B1 (en) | 1990-05-30 | 1991-05-31 | Method for corrosion monitoring |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5163318A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0464377B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04231847A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2043554A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4017451C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2071861T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4345157A1 (en) * | 1993-03-06 | 1995-04-13 | Gundrum Edwin Dipl Ing Fh | Safety and control devices for the practical application of filled heat-storage pockets, and filled heat-storage pockets having an outer protective envelope |
| KR100368144B1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2003-01-24 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Durability testing device of cylinder head gasket for vehicle engine |
| JP4122731B2 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2008-07-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine equipped with a heat storage device |
| DE102007022859B4 (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2023-01-12 | Volkswagen Ag | Arrangement of heating heat exchangers connected in series in a motor vehicle |
| CN110082287A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-02 | 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 | Corrosion monitoring method for early warning, device and server |
| CN113533181B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-10-14 | 英利能源（中国）有限公司 | Design test method and device for photovoltaic module in seawater environment |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1961826A1 (en) * | 1968-12-13 | 1970-07-16 | Hoyer William Eugene | Method and device for determining corrosion conditions in a liquid system |
| US4416996A (en) * | 1981-08-17 | 1983-11-22 | Texaco Inc. | Hydrogen blistering corrosivity metering means and method |
| DE3215455C2 (en) * | 1982-04-24 | 1986-09-04 | Barlian, Reinhold, Dipl.-Ing.(FH), 6990 Bad Mergentheim | Monitoring order |
| US4633213A (en) * | 1985-05-01 | 1986-12-30 | Borg-Warner Corporation | Pressure temperature sensor |
| US4662232A (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1987-05-05 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Coolant condition sensor apparatus |
| JPH043191Y2 (en) * | 1986-09-22 | 1992-01-31 | ||
| DE3725165A1 (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1989-02-16 | Schatz Oskar | HEAT STORAGE, IN PARTICULAR LATENT HEAT STORAGE |
-
1990
- 1990-05-30 DE DE4017451A patent/DE4017451C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-05-29 US US07/706,769 patent/US5163318A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-30 JP JP3127676A patent/JPH04231847A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-05-30 CA CA002043554A patent/CA2043554A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-05-31 ES ES91108962T patent/ES2071861T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-31 DE DE59105364T patent/DE59105364D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-31 EP EP91108962A patent/EP0464377B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH04231847A (en) | 1992-08-20 |
| DE4017451C2 (en) | 1995-04-27 |
| DE59105364D1 (en) | 1995-06-08 |
| CA2043554A1 (en) | 1991-12-01 |
| ES2071861T3 (en) | 1995-07-01 |
| EP0464377A2 (en) | 1992-01-08 |
| EP0464377A3 (en) | 1992-08-05 |
| DE4017451A1 (en) | 1991-12-05 |
| US5163318A (en) | 1992-11-17 |
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