EP0464107A4 - Controlled release of desired product through the controlled reaction of precursor - Google Patents
Controlled release of desired product through the controlled reaction of precursorInfo
- Publication number
- EP0464107A4 EP0464107A4 EP19900905330 EP90905330A EP0464107A4 EP 0464107 A4 EP0464107 A4 EP 0464107A4 EP 19900905330 EP19900905330 EP 19900905330 EP 90905330 A EP90905330 A EP 90905330A EP 0464107 A4 EP0464107 A4 EP 0464107A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- precursor
- controlled
- compound
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical group [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000506680 Haemulon melanurum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carboxylatooxy carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)OOC([O-])=O VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940045872 sodium percarbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ADKBGLXGTKOWIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanediperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)CCC(=O)OO ADKBGLXGTKOWIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BGWKBVGZEVFQFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbonoperoxoylbenzoic acid hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BGWKBVGZEVFQFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012425 OXONE® Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HJKYXKSLRZKNSI-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentapotassium;hydrogen sulfate;oxido sulfate;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.OS(=O)(=O)O[O-].OS(=O)(=O)O[O-] HJKYXKSLRZKNSI-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XSVSPKKXQGNHMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-3-methyl-1,2-thiazole Chemical compound CC=1C=C(Br)SN=1 XSVSPKKXQGNHMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 bicarbonate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;3-oxidodioxaborirane;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[O-]B1OO1 IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012418 sodium perborate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFTTUQGOOILDEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium 2-carbonoperoxoylbenzoic acid sulfooxy sulfate hexahydrate Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)O.[K+].O.O.O.O.O.O.C(C=1C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC1)(=O)OO AFTTUQGOOILDEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000063 preceeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B21/00—Devices for producing oxygen from chemical substances for respiratory apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J7/00—Apparatus for generating gases
- B01J7/02—Apparatus for generating gases by wet methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0203—Preparation of oxygen from inorganic compounds
- C01B13/0211—Peroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the controlled release of a desired product, and more specifically, to the controlled release of a desired product through the controlled reaction of a precursor compound.
- Oxygen (0 2 ) for industrial and health care uses comes almost exclusively from liquid oxygen prepared by the distillation of liquid air. In some special instances, limited amounts of oxygen may come from the electrolysis of water. Certain chemicals and chemical reactions can also produce oxygen, although these have never been a practical or regular means of producing oxygen for routine use.
- carbon dioxide (C0 ) for industrial and health care is recovered from synthetic gas in ammonia production, from substitute natural gas production, from crackin of hydrocarbons, and from natural springs or wells. For laboratory purposes it is obtained by the action of an acid on a carbonate, but this is not a practical way of producing carbon dioxide for routine use.
- Oxygen sources generally involve the use of compressed gas or cryogenic storage tanks or cylinders which are heavy and inconvenient to handle, while electrolysis has the inconvenience of requiring a source of electricity.
- Carbon dioxide is generally provided in liquid form in steel cylinders which are heavy and inconvenient to handle, or in solid form which requires the use of refrigeration and other special storage conditions. Thus a need exists for a simple convenient source of producing limited amounts of oxygen or carbon dioxide.
- the present invention is a method of controlled release of a gas comprising the controlled introduction of a specific reacting or catalyzing solution into contact with a precursor compound.
- Fig. 1 is a graph illustrating oxygen release from solutions of. sodium perborate monohydrate.
- Fig. 2 is a graph illustrating oxygen release from solutions of sodium perborate tetrahydrate.
- Fig. 3 is a graph comparing oxygen release from solutions of sodium perborate monohydrate when different catalytic solutions are employed.
- Fig. 4 is a graph illustrating controlled release of oxygen from sodium perborate.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of an apparatus for se in practice of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of another apparatus for use in the practice of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of yet another apparatus for use in the practice of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a graph illustrating controlled release of oxygen from urea peroxide.
- the present invention deals with a method of producing controlled release of a desired product or material through the combination of .the reaction of a precursor compound with a specific reacting or catalyzing solution and the controlled introduction of the said specific reacting or catalyzing solution into a reaction-producing contact with the precursor compound.
- This mechanism of producing controlled release can be depicted as follows:
- Precursor compound ⁇ Controlled release of desired product
- the present invention takes the form of a unit which contains a peroxygen compound which is a precursor compound of 0 2 , or a carbonate or bicarbonate compound, which are precursor compounds of CO2.
- the controlled release of the desired product in this embodiment is 0 2 or C0 2 which is control-released by the controlled introduction into contact with the respective precursor compound of an appropriate catalyst or reacting solution.
- An acidic solution for example, will generally work as the reacting solution for most of the 0 2 and C0 2 .precursor compounds.
- Manganese dioxide works as a catalyst for the peroxygens.
- oxygen precursors For the production of oxygen, the present invention involves the use of a group of chemical compounds generally referred to as oxygen precursors, that is, compounds which under certain chemical conditions give off oxygen as an end product.
- Hydrogen peroxide H 2 0 2
- H 2 0 2 Hydrogen peroxide
- peroxy or peroxygen compounds A preferred group of compounds for use in the present invention for the production of oxygen are known as peroxy or peroxygen compounds, and are well known in the bleach and detergent industry and the health care industry. These types of compounds, under suitable conditions, can be employed in the present invention as convenient oxygen producers.
- Peroxygen compounds usually are precursors of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 0 2 ) , which in turn, is the precursor compound of oxygen.
- Peracids (peroxyacids) are all good sources of peroxygen compounds.
- a preferred group of compounds for use in the present invention for the production of carbon dioxide are alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of carbonates and bicarbonates, e.g., sodium bicarbonate. These types of compounds, under suitable conditions can be employed in the present invention as convenient carbon dioxide producers.
- peroxygen compounds have been in use or considered as oxidizing agents by the bleach and detergent industry and the health care industry.
- the oxidizing power of these agents comes from their production and release of "active oxygen". This usually means oxygen in its so-called “singlet” state when the oxygen possesses a much higher oxidation potential, which, therefore, produces a much stronger oxidizing or bleaching action than plain 0 2 .
- Plain 0 2 gas has only a very small amount of oxidizing power, nevertheless, it often can aid in the peroxy compounds bleaching action by means of the so-called effervescent effect. However, the amount is of no practical value or pertinence to the present invention.
- plain gas e.g., oxygen or carbon dioxide
- a primary use of the present invention is for aiding or sustaining respiration of living plants or animals.
- the present invention can be employed in any environment where a continuing supply of oxygen or carbon dioxide is desired.
- one area where a need exists for such a system is fish which are being used for bait.
- a sufficient supply of oxygen is often unavailable to sustain the fish while they are stored and transported for use as bait.
- the present invention substantially extends the time over which such bait can be stored and used.
- Another use is as a temporary source of oxygen for fish in an aquarium or for fish which are being transported from a store to an aquarium.
- the present invention can be employed to provide oxygen.
- the present invention is used to provide a source of oxygen for fish, it is important that the pH of the water be maintained at a level acceptable to the fish.
- One means of doing so is to employ urea peroxide as the oxygen precursor.
- Another means is to include an additional compound which will maintain a neutral pH, e.g., an acidic calcium salt such as calcium sulfate.
- the use of the present invention is not limited to situations where the oxygen is essential to respiration. It can also be employed simply to boost the amount of oxygen already available, such as in rooms where insufficient ventilation is available. Another use is to provide additional amounts of oxygen to aid combustion.
- the present invention includes the production of inexpensive and simple disposable oxygen-producing or carbon- dioxide-producing units which can be portable, if desired, and/or immersible in liquid, and are also easily replaceable.
- Peracids such as the various percarboxylic acids: peroxysuccinic acid and its derivatives. Diperoxyisophthalic acid
- H 0 2 precursors such as sodium percarbonate and sodium perborate (anhydrous or monohydrate) .
- H 0 2 precursors such as sodium percarbonate and sodium perborate (anhydrous or monohydrate)
- other compounds such as urea peroxide or the tetrahydrate of sodium perborate, their stability or limited solubility in water may result in an insufficient rate of 0 production unless a catalytic agent is also employed.
- the rate of 0 2 production can be controlled by varying either the amount or concentration of either of the ingredients.
- Either of the catalytic agent or the 0 2 precursor compounds can be employed in liquid or solid form, provided that a liquid is present to ensure reaction between the ingredients.
- the oxygen precursor may be introduced or released in a controlled manner onto the oxygen releasing compound, or alternatively, the oxygen releasing compound may be introduced or released onto the oxygen precursor.
- Figs. 1 and 2 demonstrate how the production of oxygen from sodium perborate can be increased by increasing the concentration of iron EDTA employed as the catalytic agent.
- Fig. 3 compares oxygen release from sodium perborate when ferric chloride is used as the catalytic agent versus the use of iron EDTA.
- the rate can also be controlled by pelleting or tableting of the oxygen precursor compound with or without a coating and in mixtures of different sizes and/or coatings to moderate the rate of dissolution. Coatings for use in controlling the rate of dissolution are well known to those skilled in the art.
- Fig. 4 illustrates the controlled release of oxygen from granulated sodium perborate monohydrate and tetrahydrate by the incremental addition of a solution of 0.1M iron EDTA.
- the arrows indicate the time of addition of the iron EDTA. In each case, 0.1 ml was added, except for the first addition to the monohydrate, where 0.05 ml was added.
- Fig. 5 illustrates schematically a suitable apparatus for the controlled release of oxygen or carbon dioxide.
- the opening of tube 10 is covered by microporous hydrophobic plastic cap 12.
- This material for the cap By using this material for the cap, produced gas can escape while preventing water from entering.
- At the bottom of tube 10 is tableted oxygen or carbon dioxide precursor, e.g., urea peroxide.
- To initiate the production of gas cap 12 is removed and either water or a solution of a catalytic agent is poured into tube 10. Cap 12 is replaced and the production of gas begins, gas bubbles 18 rising through the liquid and then escaping through cap 12 as illustrated by arrows 20, 22 and 24.
- the apparatus of Fig. 5 is suitable for uses such as supplying oxygen to fish which will be used as bait.
- Fig. 6 illustrates schematically another suitable apparatus for the controlled release of gas.
- External container 30 holds a desired amount of a gas precursor 32.
- Internal container 34 is filled with liquid 36 which can be water or a catalytic solution depending on the particular gas precursor being employed.
- Piston 38 assists in the delivery of liquid, and can be driven, for example, by its own weight or by the force of a spring (not shown) .
- Liquid 36 is released through outlet 40.
- Various means can be employed to control the rate at which liquid 36 flows through outlet 40, including the internal diameter of outlet 40, or the use of a porous plug within outlet 40.
- Porous plug 42 provides a cover for container 30 while still allowing gas 44 to escape.
- Tube 46 provides for the equalization of pressure in the upper portion of internal container 34 to provide a more even flow rate of liquid 36.
- FIG. 7 illustrates schematically yet another suitable apparatus for the controlled release of gas.
- Container 50 can take various shapes provided that at least one liquid inlet and one gas outlet are provided.
- cotton plugs 52 are located at opposite ends of the apparatus to allow liquid to reach a cotton wick 54 which runs through the center of gas releasing composition 56.
- a suitable oxygen releasing composition 56 is a mixture of urea peroxide and manganese dioxide. Gas produced by contact of liquid with gas releasing composition 56 exits through microporous plugs 58.
- Preferred microporous plugs are ceramic and are commercially available.
- Fig. 8 is a graph reporting the oxygen release from 15 grams of urea peroxide as a result of water brought into contact by the wicking action of cotton plugs and wicks.
- EXAMPLE 1 To an apparatus, which is weighted to sink in water, as illustrated in Fig. 5, containing 10 grams of urea peroxide is added 25 ml of a 0.02M solution of iron EDTA. The cap is replaced on the tube and the mixture stirred to ensure effective mixing of the ingredients. The apparatus is then placed in a one-gallon bucket of fish bait where oxygen is released at a rate of about 100 ml/hour, for a 9 hour period.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US326791 | 1981-12-02 | ||
US32679189A | 1989-03-21 | 1989-03-21 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0464107A1 EP0464107A1 (en) | 1992-01-08 |
EP0464107A4 true EP0464107A4 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
Family
ID=23273743
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19900905330 Withdrawn EP0464107A4 (en) | 1989-03-21 | 1990-03-21 | Controlled release of desired product through the controlled reaction of precursor |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0464107A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH04504102A (en) |
AU (1) | AU5345190A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2048687A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1990011248A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0581795B1 (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 1998-08-26 | ORLITZKY, Anton | Gas generator |
DE4414796C2 (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1996-03-07 | Aqua Medic Anlagenbau Gmbh | Device for supplying pond and aquarium water with CO¶2¶ |
DE19919798A1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-02 | Klaus Soechting | Process for the continuous long-term dosing of carbon dioxide in biologically used media, and a set and a retrofit set for carrying out this process |
NL1017129C2 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-07-17 | Rp Zeewolde B V | Composition for increasing the oxygen content of water, especially for transporting fish, comprises a peroxy compound, a bicarbonate and a peroxide-neutralizing enzyme |
US20050112035A1 (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-05-26 | Julian Ross | Method and apparatus for generating oxygen |
US7407632B2 (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2008-08-05 | Oxysure Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and delivery of medically pure oxygen |
US20070003452A1 (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2007-01-04 | Julian Ross | Method and apparatus for controlled production of a gas |
EP2836458B1 (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2019-03-13 | JT International SA | Oxygen-releasing inserts |
CN112125279B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2023-04-18 | 湖南可孚医疗设备有限公司 | Mixed oxygen generating agent and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5493215A (en) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-24 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | Aerosol container |
JPS6055347B2 (en) * | 1981-08-21 | 1985-12-04 | 晃 池田 | Cooling seawater supply device to live fish tank |
JPS6044242B2 (en) * | 1982-04-27 | 1985-10-02 | 株式会社星子療科研究所 | How to generate oxygen in an emergency |
JPS60122703A (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1985-07-01 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Method for generating gaseous oxygen |
JPS61228882A (en) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-10-13 | 植野 信治 | Generation of oxygen in emergency |
JPS61236602A (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-21 | Michimasa Oguri | Small oxygen generator |
-
1990
- 1990-03-21 AU AU53451/90A patent/AU5345190A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-03-21 WO PCT/US1990/001523 patent/WO1990011248A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-03-21 EP EP19900905330 patent/EP0464107A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-03-21 JP JP2505278A patent/JPH04504102A/en active Pending
- 1990-03-21 CA CA002048687A patent/CA2048687A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 003, no. 116 (M-074)27 September 1979 & JP-A-54 093 215 ( TOPPAN PRINTING CO. LTD. ) 24 July 1979 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 11, no. 080 (C-409)11 March 1987 & JP-A-61 236 602 ( MICHIMASA OGURI ) 21 October 1986 * |
See also references of WO9011248A1 * |
WORLD PATENTS INDEX LATEST Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 86-005044/01 & JP-A-58 033 590 (IKEDA A) 26 February 1983 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2048687A1 (en) | 1990-09-22 |
AU5345190A (en) | 1990-10-22 |
JPH04504102A (en) | 1992-07-23 |
WO1990011248A1 (en) | 1990-10-04 |
EP0464107A1 (en) | 1992-01-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6423289B1 (en) | Method of producing chlorine dioxide using sodium chlorate and a water-retaining substance impregnated in zeolite or in aqueous solution | |
US4508700A (en) | Method of generating oxygen for emergency use | |
US5885543A (en) | Method for producing chlorine dioxide using calcium chloride impregnated zeolite or aqueous calcium chloride | |
US20050224750A1 (en) | Simple apparatus for producing chlorine dioxide gas | |
MXPA04001020A (en) | Methods for making chlorous acid and chlorine dioxide. | |
EP0464107A4 (en) | Controlled release of desired product through the controlled reaction of precursor | |
JPH10174976A (en) | Method for treating water containing nitrogen compound | |
US4466556A (en) | Dispensing method and apparatus for controllable dispensing of oxygen and liquids in biological systems | |
JPS6347681B2 (en) | ||
US6491890B1 (en) | Method and set for continuous long-term dosing of CO2 | |
JPH10182106A (en) | Generation of chlorine dioxide gas and production therefor | |
KR100364235B1 (en) | Apparatus and Method for Long-Term Storage and Producing Chlorine Dioxide in a Small Scale and Controlled Release Pattern | |
JPH0432001B2 (en) | ||
JPH05284878A (en) | Oxygen generator | |
JP2000140557A (en) | Method and apparatus for desulfurization | |
KR960007191B1 (en) | Oxygen producing catalyst | |
GB2263108A (en) | Halogen oxides in aqueous solution | |
JPH05236846A (en) | Oxygen generator | |
SU1723029A1 (en) | Method of oxygen preparation | |
JPH04154603A (en) | Oxygen-generating agent | |
EP0309594A1 (en) | A method of generating oxygen gas for emergency use | |
RU2057706C1 (en) | Method for producing oxygen | |
JPH0648705A (en) | Oxygen-generating agent | |
JPH05328875A (en) | Oxygen generator | |
JPH0648704A (en) | Oxygen-generating agent |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19910919 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 19920413 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A4 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19930408 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19930819 |