EP0443286B1 - Lightening arrester for the protection of electrical lines - Google Patents

Lightening arrester for the protection of electrical lines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0443286B1
EP0443286B1 EP90420085A EP90420085A EP0443286B1 EP 0443286 B1 EP0443286 B1 EP 0443286B1 EP 90420085 A EP90420085 A EP 90420085A EP 90420085 A EP90420085 A EP 90420085A EP 0443286 B1 EP0443286 B1 EP 0443286B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
varistors
stack
port
arrester according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90420085A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0443286A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Gazzola
Joel Gauchon
Gérard Marichy
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Ferraz SA
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Ferraz SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Ferraz SA filed Critical Ferraz SA
Publication of EP0443286A1 publication Critical patent/EP0443286A1/en
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Publication of EP0443286B1 publication Critical patent/EP0443286B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to surge protective devices intended for the protection of power lines, in particular of medium voltage overhead lines.
  • the invention especially refers to lightning arresters in which the insulation element disposed between the two terminal connection capsules is constituted by a stack of varistors based on zinc oxide (ZnO) maintained under axial pressure. It is known that in normal operation, such a stack has insulation characteristics which oppose any passage of current between the two connection capsules, while under the effect of a sudden rise in the nominal voltage due to the fall of lightning on the protected line, it temporarily becomes conductive by ensuring the earthing of said line. See also US-A-4,404,614.
  • ZnO zinc oxide
  • the present invention mainly intends to remedy, which relates to the arrester device defined in claim 1.
  • the usual rigid tube which encloses the insulation element is cut out with at least one lumen while the envelope is directly produced by molding on said element so that the synthetic resin penetrates the inside said tube and coats the stack of varistors which constitutes with the connection capsules the insulating element.
  • the ends of the outer casing of molded resin are profiled to present a lip with circular profile which is oriented axially towards the outside in order to come to engage in a corresponding annular housing. formed in each of two metal members forming contacts for mounting the arrester device.
  • Fig. 1 is an axial section showing, prior to the overmolding operation intended for the production of the external envelope, the internal core formed by the stack of varistors, the two connection capsules and the rigid protection tube.
  • Fig. 2 reproduced fig. 1 after completion of the outer envelope.
  • Fig. 3 and 4 are cross sections along the planes respectively indicated in III-III (fig. 1) and IV-IV (fig. 2).
  • Fig. 5 shows in axial section the upper end of the arrester device finally produced.
  • Fig. 6 is an elevational view illustrating an alternative embodiment of the rigid tube.
  • reference 1 designates each of the varistors based on zinc oxide, the stacking of which constitutes the insulating element of the arrester device to be produced. This stack is supported against a connection capsule 2 and receives the action of a spring 3 associated with another connection capsule 4.
  • the assembly 1-2-3-4 thus formed is housed with reduced play inside. of a glass laminate tube 5, firmly made integral with the two terminal capsules 2 and 4 by means of transverse pins 6.
  • the tube 5 is cut out from longitudinal slots 5 a (cf. fig. 3), three in number in the exemplary embodiment envisaged. Each of these lights has 5 stops short of fixing pins 6.
  • the assembly or core shown in fig. 1 is then placed inside an injection mold, shaped so that the injected synthetic resin forms an envelope 7 (fig. 2) which coats said together by determining external fins 7 a projecting.
  • the resin injected advantageously constituted by a silicone-based elastomer, penetrates inside the tube 5 through the openings 5 a thereof, so that a total filling is obtained, without any bubbles d air, from the annular gap between the varistors 1 and the tube 5, as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the casing 7 opens outwards by defining an axial lip 7 b with a circular profile.
  • Each of these lips 7 b is in fact intended to be forcibly engaged within an annular housing 8 has (Fig. 5) provided for this purpose in a clean metal member to form outer contact connection, consisting by an end cap 8 reported at each end of the casing 7, the fixing of said cups being effected with the aid of threaded bolts 9 are screwed into threaded bores 4a, respectively 2a, the capsules 4 and 2.
  • the appearance of an arc along the stack of varistors 1 causes the carbonization and / or the melting of the resin which fills the openings 5 a , so that under the effect of the pressure of the gases generated, the casing 7 tears along the generators corresponding to the aforementioned lights. Such a tear allows the escape of gases into the atmosphere, without sudden explosion.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a variant implementation of the invention, according to which the rigid tube, here referenced 15, is cut from a lumen 15 a with helical profile which thus replaces the longitudinal lumens 5 a and which gives said tube 15 elastic deformability in the axial direction such as by assigning it a calculated length so that the mounting of the varistors 1 and of the capsules 2 and 4 implies a pulling effect at the level of the tube 15, it is possible to dispense with the spring 3 intended to operate the initial compression of the stack of varistors 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Abstract

At least one slot (5a) is cut out from the rigid tube (5) which encloses the varistor (1), so that the synthetic resin intended for the formation of the envelope (7) and which is moulded directly over the said element penetrates the tube, ensuring effective coating. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a trait aux dispositifs parafoudres destinés à la protection des lignes électriques, tout particulièrement des lignes aériennes à moyenne tension.The present invention relates to surge protective devices intended for the protection of power lines, in particular of medium voltage overhead lines.

En fait, l'invention se réfère spécialement aux parafoudres dans lesquels l'élément d'isolation disposé entre Les deux capsules terminales de connexion est constitué par un empilage de varistances à base d'oxyde de zinc (ZnO) maintenues sous pression axiale. On sait qu'en fonctionnement normal, un tel empilage présente des caractéristiques d'isolation qui s'opposent à tout passage de courant entre les deux capsules de connexion, alors que sous l'effet d'une brusque élévation de la tension nominale due à la chute de la foudre sur la ligne protégée, il devient momentanément conducteur en assurant la mise à la terre de ladite ligne. Voir aussi le US-A-4,404,614.In fact, the invention especially refers to lightning arresters in which the insulation element disposed between the two terminal connection capsules is constituted by a stack of varistors based on zinc oxide (ZnO) maintained under axial pressure. It is known that in normal operation, such a stack has insulation characteristics which oppose any passage of current between the two connection capsules, while under the effect of a sudden rise in the nominal voltage due to the fall of lightning on the protected line, it temporarily becomes conductive by ensuring the earthing of said line. See also US-A-4,404,614.

Si les dispositifs de ce genre connus en pratique donnent satisfaction en général, il convient toutefois d'observer que leur utilisation dans des milieux extérieurs exposés à des pollutions marines ou industrielles peut provoquer un vieillissement anormal des varistances. En outre, les constructions usuelles avec enveloppe en porcelaine résistent assez mal aux manipulations inhérentes à la pose des parafoudres sur les lignes électriques, manipulations qui impartissent à l'élément isolant disposé entre les capsules de connexion des contraintes mécaniques assez sévères.If devices of this type known in practice are generally satisfactory, it should however be observed that their use in outdoor environments exposed to marine or industrial pollution can cause abnormal aging of the varistors. In addition, the usual constructions with porcelain casing resist fairly poorly the manipulations inherent in the installation of surge arresters on electrical lines, manipulations which impart fairly severe mechanical stresses to the insulating element placed between the connection capsules.

C'est à ces inconvénients qu'entend principalement remédier la présente invention, laquelle a pour objet le dispositif parafoudre défini à la revendication 1.It is to these drawbacks that the present invention mainly intends to remedy, which relates to the arrester device defined in claim 1.

Conformément à l'invention le tube rigide usuel qui renferme l'élément d'isolation est découpé d'au moins une lumière tandis que l'enveloppe est directement réalisée par moulage sur ledit élément de façon à ce que la résine synthétique pénètre à l'intérieur dudit tube et enrobe l'empilage de varistances qui constitue avec les capsules de connexion l'élément d'isolation. En vue de renforcer l'étanchéité de l'ensemble, les extrémités de l'enveloppe extérieure en résine moulée sont profilées pour présenter une lèvre à profil circulaire qui est orientée axialement vers l'extérieur afin de venir s'engager dans un logement annulaire correspondant ménagé dans chacun de deux organes métalliques formant contacts pour le montage du dispositif parafoudre.In accordance with the invention, the usual rigid tube which encloses the insulation element is cut out with at least one lumen while the envelope is directly produced by molding on said element so that the synthetic resin penetrates the inside said tube and coats the stack of varistors which constitutes with the connection capsules the insulating element. In order to reinforce the tightness of the assembly, the ends of the outer casing of molded resin are profiled to present a lip with circular profile which is oriented axially towards the outside in order to come to engage in a corresponding annular housing. formed in each of two metal members forming contacts for mounting the arrester device.

Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer :The appended drawing, given by way of example, will allow a better understanding of the invention, the characteristics which it presents and the advantages which it is capable of providing:

Fig. 1 est une coupe axiale montrant, préalablement à l'opération de surmoulage destinée à la réalisation de l'enveloppe extérieure, le noyau interne formé par l'empilage de varistances, les deux capsules de connexion et le tube rigide de protection.Fig. 1 is an axial section showing, prior to the overmolding operation intended for the production of the external envelope, the internal core formed by the stack of varistors, the two connection capsules and the rigid protection tube.

Fig. 2 reproduit fig. 1 après réalisation de l'enveloppe extérieure.Fig. 2 reproduced fig. 1 after completion of the outer envelope.

Fig. 3 et 4 sont des coupes transversales suivant les plans respectivement indiqués en III-III (fig. 1) et IV-IV (fig. 2).Fig. 3 and 4 are cross sections along the planes respectively indicated in III-III (fig. 1) and IV-IV (fig. 2).

Fig. 5 montre en coupe axiale l'extrémité supérieure du dispositif parafoudre finalement réalisé.Fig. 5 shows in axial section the upper end of the arrester device finally produced.

Fig. 6 est une vue en élévation illustrant une variante de réalisation du tube rigide.Fig. 6 is an elevational view illustrating an alternative embodiment of the rigid tube.

En fig. 1, la référence 1 désigne chacune des varistances à base d'oxyde de zinc dont l'empilage constitue l'élément d'isolation du dispositif parafoudre à réaliser. Cet empilage prend appui contre une capsule de connexion 2 et reçoit l'action d'un ressort 3 associé à une autre capsule de connexion 4. L'ensemble 1-2-3-4 ainsi formé est logé à jeu réduit à l'intérieur d'un tube 5 en stratifié de verre, fermement rendu solidaire des deux capsules terminales 2 et 4 par le moyen de goupilles transversales 6.In fig. 1, reference 1 designates each of the varistors based on zinc oxide, the stacking of which constitutes the insulating element of the arrester device to be produced. This stack is supported against a connection capsule 2 and receives the action of a spring 3 associated with another connection capsule 4. The assembly 1-2-3-4 thus formed is housed with reduced play inside. of a glass laminate tube 5, firmly made integral with the two terminal capsules 2 and 4 by means of transverse pins 6.

Il convient d'observer que le tube 5 est découpé de lumières longitudinales 5a (cf. fig. 3), au nombre de trois dans l'exemple de réalisation envisagé. Chacune de ces lumières 5a s'arrête à courte distance des goupilles de fixation 6.It should be observed that the tube 5 is cut out from longitudinal slots 5 a (cf. fig. 3), three in number in the exemplary embodiment envisaged. Each of these lights has 5 stops short of fixing pins 6.

L'ensemble ou noyau représenté en fig. 1 est ensuite disposé à l'intérieur d'un moule d'injection, conformé de façon telle que la résine synthétique injectée forme une enveloppe 7 (fig. 2) qui enrobe ledit ensemble en déterminant des ailettes extérieures 7a en saillie. On notera que la résine injectée, avantageusement constituée par un élastomère à base de silicone, pénètre à l'intérieur du tube 5 à travers les lumières 5a de celui-ci, si bien qu'on obtient un remplissage total, sans aucune bulle d'air, de l'interstice annulaire compris entre les varistances 1 et le tube 5, à la manière illustrée en fig. 4.The assembly or core shown in fig. 1 is then placed inside an injection mold, shaped so that the injected synthetic resin forms an envelope 7 (fig. 2) which coats said together by determining external fins 7 a projecting. It will be noted that the resin injected, advantageously constituted by a silicone-based elastomer, penetrates inside the tube 5 through the openings 5 a thereof, so that a total filling is obtained, without any bubbles d air, from the annular gap between the varistors 1 and the tube 5, as illustrated in FIG. 4.

A chacune de ses extrémités, l'enveloppe 7 s'ouvre vers l'extérieur en définissant une lèvre axiale 7b à profil circulaire. Chacune de ces lèvres 7b est en fait destinée à venir s'engager à force à l'intérieur d'un logement annulaire 8a (fig. 5) prévu à cet effet dans un organe métallique propre à former contact extérieur de branchement, constitué par une coupelle terminale 8 rapportée au niveau de chacune des extrémités de l'enveloppe 7, la fixation de ces coupelles étant opérée à l'aide de goujons filetés 9 vissés dans des taraudages 4a, respectivement 2a, des capsules 4 et 2.At each of its ends, the casing 7 opens outwards by defining an axial lip 7 b with a circular profile. Each of these lips 7 b is in fact intended to be forcibly engaged within an annular housing 8 has (Fig. 5) provided for this purpose in a clean metal member to form outer contact connection, consisting by an end cap 8 reported at each end of the casing 7, the fixing of said cups being effected with the aid of threaded bolts 9 are screwed into threaded bores 4a, respectively 2a, the capsules 4 and 2.

On comprend qu'on obtient finalement un dispositif parfaitement étanche, dont l'élément d'isolation se trouve totalement à l'abri des pollutions extérieures. La résistance mécanique de l'ensemble est remarquable par suite de la présence du tube 5 en stratifié de verre.We understand that we finally obtain a perfectly sealed device, the insulation element is completely sheltered from external pollution. The mechanical strength of the assembly is remarkable due to the presence of the tube 5 in glass laminate.

On observera que les lumières 5a jouent un rôle efficace à l'encontre des risques d'explosion du dispositif parafoudre. On sait effectivement que lorsqu'à la suite de contraintes trop élevées et de l'effet de vieillissement ainsi réalisé, les varistances perdent leurs caractéristiques normales, il y a formation d'un arc le long de l'empilage avec un fort dégagement de chaleur et de gaz, les gaz ainsi engendrés étant susceptibles de provoquer l'explosion brutale du corps des parafoudres classiques, avec des risques de blessures au personnel environnant.It will be observed that the lights 5 a play an effective role against the risks of explosion of the arrester device. We actually know that when, following too high stresses and the aging effect thus produced, the varistors lose their normal characteristics, there is an arc formation along the stack with a strong release of heat. and gas, the gases thus generated being capable of causing the brutal explosion of the body of conventional surge arresters, with the risk of injury to the surrounding personnel.

Dans le cas du dispositif suivant l'invention, l'apparition d'un arc le long de l'empilage de varistances 1 provoque la carbonisation et/ou la fusion de la résine qui emplit les lumières 5a, si bien que sous l'effet de la pression des gaz engendrés, l'enveloppe 7 se déchire le long des génératrices correspondant aux lumières précitées. Une telle déchirure permet l'échappement des gaz dans l'atmosphère, sans explosion brutale.In the case of the device according to the invention, the appearance of an arc along the stack of varistors 1 causes the carbonization and / or the melting of the resin which fills the openings 5 a , so that under the effect of the pressure of the gases generated, the casing 7 tears along the generators corresponding to the aforementioned lights. Such a tear allows the escape of gases into the atmosphere, without sudden explosion.

Fig. 6 illustre une variante de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, suivant laquelle le tube rigide, ici référencé 15, est découpé d'une lumière 15a à profil hélicoïdal qui remplace ainsi les lumières longitudinales 5a et qui confère audit tube 15 une déformabilité élastique dans le sens axial telle qu'en lui affectant une longueur calculée pour que le montage des varistances 1 et des capsules 2 et 4 implique un effet de traction au niveau du tube 15, on peut se dispenser du ressort 3 destiné à opérer la compression initiale de l'empilage de varistances 1.Fig. 6 illustrates a variant implementation of the invention, according to which the rigid tube, here referenced 15, is cut from a lumen 15 a with helical profile which thus replaces the longitudinal lumens 5 a and which gives said tube 15 elastic deformability in the axial direction such as by assigning it a calculated length so that the mounting of the varistors 1 and of the capsules 2 and 4 implies a pulling effect at the level of the tube 15, it is possible to dispense with the spring 3 intended to operate the initial compression of the stack of varistors 1.

Claims (5)

  1. A lightning arrester for protecting electrical lines, of the type in which the insulating element is formed by a stack of zinc oxide-based varistors (1) which two end connecting capsules (2 and 4) keep under axial pressure within a rigid tube of insulating material (5, 15) located in a hermetic containing sheath (7) made of synthetic resin, characterised in that said rigid tube (5, 15) is pierced by at least one port (5a, 15a), while the sheath (7) is moulded directly thereon so that the synthetic resin which forms it penetrates into said tube through the aforementioned port, filling in the gaps existing between said tube and the stack of varistors (1).
  2. An arrester according to Claim 1, characterised in that each port (5a) is oriented longitudinally.
  3. An arrester according to Claim 1, characterised in that each port (15a) has a helicoidal profile so that it is the tube (15) which, by elastic deformability, ensures the axial pressure exerted on the stack of varistors (1).
  4. An arrester according to Claim 1, characterised in that the ends of the tube (5, 15) are made integral with the end capsules (2, 4) with the aid of transverse pins (6).
  5. An arrester according to Claim 1, characterised in that the sheath (7) has at each of its ends a circular lip (7b) turned axially outwards to engage with force in an annular receptacle (8a) formed in an end cap (8) fixed to the corresponding capsule (2 or 3) by an axial headless screw (9).
EP90420085A 1988-12-30 1990-02-20 Lightening arrester for the protection of electrical lines Expired - Lifetime EP0443286B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8817618A FR2641423B1 (en) 1988-12-30 1988-12-30 SURGE PROTECTION DEVICE FOR THE PROTECTION OF ELECTRICAL LINES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0443286A1 EP0443286A1 (en) 1991-08-28
EP0443286B1 true EP0443286B1 (en) 1994-04-27

Family

ID=9373740

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90420085A Expired - Lifetime EP0443286B1 (en) 1988-12-30 1990-02-20 Lightening arrester for the protection of electrical lines

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0443286B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE105102T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69008510T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0443286T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2051491T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2641423B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2641423B1 (en) * 1988-12-30 1991-05-24 Ferraz SURGE PROTECTION DEVICE FOR THE PROTECTION OF ELECTRICAL LINES
FR2678764A1 (en) * 1991-07-03 1993-01-08 Ferraz FAULT INDICATOR FOR A SPD.
FR2678765A1 (en) * 1991-07-04 1993-01-08 Ferraz Method of manfacturing a lightning conductor and lightning conductor obtained by implementing this method
CH682858A5 (en) * 1991-12-04 1993-11-30 Asea Brown Boveri Surge arresters.
FR2685533B1 (en) * 1991-12-20 1994-04-01 Soule SURGE PROTECTOR COMPRISING AN IMPROVED CONTACT PART.
FR2685532B1 (en) * 1991-12-20 1994-12-30 Soule Sa SURGE PROTECTOR WITH IMPROVED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES.
US5363266A (en) * 1992-06-18 1994-11-08 Raychem Corporation Electrical surge arrester
FR2747500B1 (en) * 1996-04-12 1998-06-26 Soule Materiel Electr PERFECTED SURGE PROTECTOR BASED ON VARISTORS
DE19650579A1 (en) * 1996-12-06 1998-06-10 Asea Brown Boveri Surge arresters

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4404614A (en) * 1981-05-15 1983-09-13 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Surge arrester having a non-fragmenting outer housing
CH659909A5 (en) * 1982-11-09 1987-02-27 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Method for producing an overvoltage suppressor
CH666574A5 (en) * 1984-06-01 1988-07-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie SURGE ARRESTERS.
US4656555A (en) * 1984-12-14 1987-04-07 Harvey Hubbell Incorporated Filament wrapped electrical assemblies and method of making same
DK173921B1 (en) * 1986-01-29 2002-02-18 Bowthorpe Ind Ltd Electric surge arrester, method and apparatus for making and using such a device
FR2641423B1 (en) * 1988-12-30 1991-05-24 Ferraz SURGE PROTECTION DEVICE FOR THE PROTECTION OF ELECTRICAL LINES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2641423B1 (en) 1991-05-24
DK0443286T3 (en) 1994-05-30
ATE105102T1 (en) 1994-05-15
FR2641423A1 (en) 1990-07-06
DE69008510D1 (en) 1994-06-01
ES2051491T3 (en) 1994-06-16
DE69008510T2 (en) 1994-08-18
EP0443286A1 (en) 1991-08-28

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