EP0436155B1 - Extrusion gun for double-wall cartridges - Google Patents

Extrusion gun for double-wall cartridges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0436155B1
EP0436155B1 EP90123790A EP90123790A EP0436155B1 EP 0436155 B1 EP0436155 B1 EP 0436155B1 EP 90123790 A EP90123790 A EP 90123790A EP 90123790 A EP90123790 A EP 90123790A EP 0436155 B1 EP0436155 B1 EP 0436155B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
double
tube
cylindrical
wall
trough
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90123790A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0436155A3 (en
EP0436155A2 (en
Inventor
August Mäder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maderag AG
Original Assignee
Maderag AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19904000205 external-priority patent/DE4000205A1/en
Application filed by Maderag AG filed Critical Maderag AG
Publication of EP0436155A2 publication Critical patent/EP0436155A2/en
Publication of EP0436155A3 publication Critical patent/EP0436155A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0436155B1 publication Critical patent/EP0436155B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/00553Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with means allowing the stock of material to consist of at least two different components
    • B05C17/00559Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with means allowing the stock of material to consist of at least two different components the different components being stored in coaxial chambers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/00553Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with means allowing the stock of material to consist of at least two different components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C17/00Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces
    • B05C17/005Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes
    • B05C17/01Hand tools or apparatus using hand held tools, for applying liquids or other fluent materials to, for spreading applied liquids or other fluent materials on, or for partially removing applied liquids or other fluent materials from, surfaces for discharging material from a reservoir or container located in or on the hand tool through an outlet orifice by pressure without using surface contacting members like pads or brushes with manually mechanically or electrically actuated piston or the like

Abstract

An ejection pistol for double-walled cartridges comprises a hand-operated pistol grip, a trough-shaped half shell, a piston rod mounted displaceably therein, and a substantially circular ejection plate disposed at the front end of the piston rod. A cylindrical tube open on one side contains two cylindrical rams disposed coaxially with each other and with the longitudinal axis of the tube.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Ausdrückpistole für Doppelwandkartuschen, bestehend aus einem handbetätigten Pistolengriff, einer wannenförmigen Halbschale, einer darin verschiebbar gelagerten Kolbenstange und einer am vorderen Ende der Kolbenstange angeordneten im wesentlichen kreisförmigen Ausdrückplatte.The present invention relates to an ejection gun for double-wall cartridges, consisting of a manually operated pistol grip, a trough-shaped half-shell, a piston rod slidably mounted therein and an essentially circular ejection plate arranged at the front end of the piston rod.

Eine derartige Ausdrückpistole für Doppelwandkartuschen, die zusätzlich ein in der wannenförmigen Halbschale lösbar und verschiebbar gelagertes einseitig offenes zylindrisches Rohr aufweist, in dem zwei im Abstand voneinander angeordnete, symmetrisch zu einer die Längsachse des Rohrs durchsetzende halbzylindrische Stempel befestigt sind, ist in der EP-A-363 967 vorgeschlagen worden, deren Prioritätstag vor dem Prioritätstag des vorliegendes Patents liegt, deren Veröffentlichungstag jedoch nach dem Anmeldetag des vorliegenden Patents liegt.Such an ejection gun for double-wall cartridges, which additionally has a cylindrical tube that is detachably and displaceably mounted in the trough-shaped half-shell and in which two semi-cylindrical stamps, which are arranged at a distance from one another and are symmetrical about a longitudinal axis of the tube, are fastened, is disclosed in EP-A -363,967, whose priority date is before the priority date of the present patent, but whose publication date is after the filing date of the present patent.

Mit einer derartigen Ausdrückpistole lassen sich die beiden Kammern einer Doppelwandkartusche präzise auspressen, ohne daß unregelmäßige Aufweitungen der Kartuschenaußenwand auftreten, wobei die Doppelwandkartuschen durch eine ebene Trennwand, welche die Längsachse der Kartusche durchsetzt, in zwei sich gegenüberliegende symmetrische Kammern von jeweils halbkreisförmigem Querschnitt unterteilt sind.With such a squeeze gun, the two chambers of a double-walled cartridge can be squeezed out precisely without irregular widening of the outer wall of the cartridge occurring, the double-walled cartridges being divided into two opposing symmetrical chambers, each with a semicircular cross-section, by a flat partition wall that penetrates the longitudinal axis of the cartridge.

Bei dem darin beschriebenen zylindrischen Rohr weisen die beiden Stempel die Form eines Zylindermantelabschnitts auf, wohingegen die Doppelwandkartusche, die durch dieses Rohr umschlossen wird, durch eine Trennwand in zwei halbkreisförmige Kammern unterteilt ist, in denen jeweils eine pastöse Masse angeordnet ist. Um die beiden halbkreisförmigen Kolben, welche die beiden halbkreisförmigen Kammern verschließen, zu beaufschlagen, sind die beiden Stempel im Abstand voneinander und symmetrisch zueinander derart angeordnet, daß in dem zwischen ihnen gebildeten Spalt die Trennwand der Doppelwandkartusche eingreift.In the cylindrical tube described therein, the two punches have the shape of a cylinder jacket section, whereas the double-wall cartridge which is enclosed by this tube is divided by a partition into two semicircular chambers, in each of which a pasty mass is arranged. In order to act on the two semicircular pistons which close the two semicircular chambers, the two punches are spaced apart and symmetrical to one another arranged such that the partition of the double wall cartridge engages in the gap formed between them.

Aus dem DE-U-87 14 548 ist ferner eine handbetätigte Dichtungspistole bekannt, die zum Auspressen einer Doppelwandkartusche dient, wobei an der Stirnseite eines handbetätigten Pistolengriffs eine wannenförmige Halbschale angeordnet ist. Parallel zu einer Transportstange ist eine Kolbenstange über ein Joch befestigt, wobei an den vorderen Enden der Transportstange und der Kolbenstange sich jeweils eine halbe Kolbenscheibe befindet, so daß bei gleichzeitiger Betätigung der Transportstange und der Kolbenstange ein zeitgleiches Auspressen der beiden Komponenten aus der Doppelwandkartusche erfolgt. Nachteilig bei dieser bekannten Dichtungspistole ist jedoch noch, daß bei den erforderlichen hohen Drücken zur Bewegung der pastösen Massen in den Kammern der Doppelwandkartuschen eine seitliche Aufweitung der einzelnen Kartuschenkammern erfolgt, da diese lose in der wannenförmigen Halbschale liegt und üblicherweise aus einem flexiblen Material gefertigt ist.From DE-U-87 14 548 a hand-operated sealing pistol is also known, which is used to squeeze out a double-wall cartridge, a trough-shaped half-shell being arranged on the front side of a hand-operated pistol grip. Parallel to a transport rod, a piston rod is fastened via a yoke, with half a piston disc being located at the front ends of the transport rod and the piston rod, so that simultaneous pressing of the two components from the double-wall cartridge takes place when the transport rod and the piston rod are actuated simultaneously. A disadvantage of this known sealing gun, however, is that at the high pressures required to move the pasty masses in the chambers of the double-wall cartridges, the individual cartridge chambers expand laterally, since this lies loosely in the trough-shaped half-shell and is usually made of a flexible material.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Ausdrückpistole der eingangs näher genannten Art dahingehend auszugestalten, daß mit ihr Doppelwandkartuschen gleichmäßig auspreßbar sind, die nicht durch eine mittig verlaufende Trennwand in zwei halbkreisförmige Kammern unterteilt sind, sondern die durch ein zur Längsachse koaxiales Rohr in einen inneren zylindrischen Raum und in einen äußeren ringförmigen Raum unterteilt sind, in denen die beiden pastösen Massen getrennt angeordnet sind.The object of the present invention is to design a dispensing gun of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that double wall cartridges can be squeezed uniformly out of it, which are not divided into two semicircular chambers by a central dividing wall, but rather into an inner one by means of a tube coaxial with the longitudinal axis cylindrical space and are divided into an outer annular space in which the two pasty masses are arranged separately.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, daß ein in der wannenförmigen Halbschale lösbar und verschiebbar angeordnetes, einseitig offenes zylindrisches Rohr vorgesehen ist, in dem zwei im Abstand voneinander angeordnete Stempel befestigt sind, wobei die Stempel die Form eines Zylinders aufweisen und koaxial zueinander und zur Längsachse des Rohrs am Rohrboden befestigt sind.To solve this problem, it is proposed that a detachable and displaceably arranged, one-sided open cylindrical tube is provided in the trough-shaped half-shell, in which two spaced stamps are fastened, the stamps having the shape of a cylinder and coaxial to one another and to the longitudinal axis of the tube are attached to the tube sheet.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Länge der Stempel unterschiedlichen Durchmessers kleiner als die Länge des zylindrischen Rohrs.The length of the punches of different diameters is advantageously less than the length of the cylindrical tube.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, in der ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt ist. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch eine Doppelwandkartusche und zugehörigem zylindrischen Rohr und
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch das zylindrische Rohr und die beiden Stempel entlang der Linie A-A von Fig. 1.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which an advantageous exemplary embodiment is shown. Show it
Fig. 1
a section through a double wall cartridge and associated cylindrical tube and
Fig. 2
a section through the cylindrical tube and the two punches along the line AA of Fig. 1st

In Fig. 1 ist ein Längsschnitt durch eine Doppelwandkartusche 1 dargestellt, die mit einer Auslaßöffnung 2 und einer ggfs. darauf aufschraubbaren Mischspitze 3 versehen ist. In Längsrichtung ist die Doppelwandkartusche 1 durch eine zylindrische Trennwand 4 in zwei Kammern 5, 6 unterteilt, in denen jeweils eine pastöse Masse angeordnet ist. Die zylindrische Trennwand 4 trennt dabei eine innere zylindrische Kammer 5 von einer diese umgebende äußeren ringförmigen Kammer 6. Die zylindrische Kammer 5 wird dabei durch einen zylindrischen Kolben 8 verschlossen und die ringförmige Kammer 6 durch einen ringförmigen Kolben 7. Die beiden Kolben 7, 8 sind in Richtung zur Auslaßöffnung hin verschiebbar.1 shows a longitudinal section through a double-wall cartridge 1, which is provided with an outlet opening 2 and a mixing tip 3 which can be screwed thereon. In the longitudinal direction, the double wall cartridge 1 is divided by a cylindrical partition 4 into two chambers 5, 6, in each of which a pasty mass is arranged. The cylindrical partition 4 separates an inner cylindrical chamber 5 from an outer annular chamber 6 surrounding it. The cylindrical chamber 5 is closed by a cylindrical piston 8 and the annular chamber 6 by an annular piston 7. The two pistons 7, 8 are slidable towards the outlet opening.

Zum gleichzeitigen präzisen Ausdrücken der beiden pastösen Massen in den beiden Kammern 5, 6 wird nun in eine nicht dargestellte herkömmliche Ausdrückpistole, die aus einem handbetätigten Pistolengriff besteht, einer wannenförmigen Halbschale, einer darin verschiebbar gelagerte Kolbenstange und einer am vorderen Ende der Kolbenstange angeordneten, im wesentlichen kreisförmigen Ausdrückplatte, ein einseitig offenes zylindrisches Rohr 9 eingelegt, in dem zwei koaxial zueinander und zur Längsachse 12 der Kartusche 1 angeordnete im Querschnitt kreisförmige Stempel 10, 11 befestigt sind. Das zylindrische Rohr 9 ist an seinem der Ausdrückplatte der Ausdrückpistole zugeordneten Ende 13 verschlossen, wobei an diesem Boden die beiden zylinderförmigen Stempel 10, 11 befestigt sind (Fig. 2), deren Längsausdehnung geringer ist als diejenige des zylindrische Rohrs 9.To simultaneously express the two pasty masses in the two chambers 5, 6, a conventional dispensing gun (not shown) is now which consists of a manually operated pistol grip, a trough-shaped half-shell, a piston rod slidably mounted therein and a substantially circular ejection plate arranged at the front end of the piston rod, a cylindrical tube 9 open on one side, in which two coaxially to one another and to the longitudinal axis 12 of the cartridge 1 are inserted Arranged in cross section circular stamps 10, 11 are attached. The cylindrical tube 9 is closed at its end 13 assigned to the ejection plate of the ejection gun, the two cylindrical punches 10, 11 being attached to this base (FIG. 2), the longitudinal extent of which is less than that of the cylindrical tube 9.

Die beiden Stempel 10, 11 sind, wie Fig. 2 zeigt, derartig bemessen, daß der innere kreisförmige Stempel 11 den kreisförmigen Kolben 8 beaufschlagt, der die innere zylindrische Kammer 5 verschließt und der zweite koaxial dazu angeordnete Stempel 10 den ringförmigen Kolben 7 beaufschlagt, der die ringförmige Kammer 6 verschließt.As shown in FIG. 2, the two punches 10, 11 are dimensioned such that the inner circular punch 11 acts on the circular piston 8, which closes the inner cylindrical chamber 5 and the second punch 10 arranged coaxially thereto acts on the annular piston 7, which closes the annular chamber 6.

Das zylindrische Rohr kann aus Kunststoff oder Metall, wie z. B. Aluminium, bestehen, wobei es in seinem Außendurchmesser an den Innendurchmesser der wannenförmigen Halbschale der Ausdrückpistole angepaßt ist, und in seinem Innendurchmesser an den Außendurchmesser der auszudrückenden Doppelwandkartusche 1 angepaßt ist.The cylindrical tube can be made of plastic or metal, such as. As aluminum, exist, wherein it is adapted in its outer diameter to the inner diameter of the trough-shaped half-shell of the firing gun, and its inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the double-wall cartridge 1 to be pressed out.

Nach dem Einlegen des zylindrischen Rohrs in die Ausdrückpistole und der Doppelwandkartusche 1 dergestalt, daß die beiden Kolben 7, 8 auf den vorderen Enden der Stempel 10, 11 zur Ruhe kommen, wird bei Betätigung des Pistolengriffes der Ausdrückpistole die nicht dargestellte Ausdrückplatte gegen den Boden 13 des zylindrischen Rohrs 9 gepreßt, wobei bei anhaltendem Kraftaufwand sich das zylindrische Rohr 9 über die Außenwand der Doppelwandkartusche 1 schiebt (Fig. 1), wobei mit einer geringen zeitlichen Verzögerung die beiden Stempel 10, 11 die beiden Kolben 7, 8 beaufschlagen und diese in Richtung zur Auslaßöffnung der Doppelwandkartusche befördern. Aufgrund des Voreilens des vorderen Randes des zylindrischen Rohrs 9 bezüglich der vorderen Enden der beiden Stempel 10, 11 wird ein Aufweiten der Außenwand der Doppelwandkartusche 1 verhindert, da an den Stellen der größten Druckbelastung diese fest vom zylindrischen Rohr umschlossen wird. Jede Art von ungleichmäßigem Ausdrücken, d. h. ungleich großen Mengen, wird bei gleichem Rauminhalt der beiden Kammern 5, 6 vermieden. Bei ungleich großem Fassungsvermögen der beiden Kammern 5, 6 für die pastöse Masse wird ein dadurch vorgegebenes konstantes Mischungsverhältnis exakt eingehalten.After inserting the cylindrical tube into the ejection gun and the double wall cartridge 1 in such a way that the two pistons 7, 8 come to rest on the front ends of the punches 10, 11, the actuating plate, not shown, is pressed against the bottom 13 of the cylindrical tube 9 when the pistol grip of the firing pistol is actuated, with the cylindrical force being sustained when the force is continued Pipe 9 pushes over the outer wall of the double wall cartridge 1 (FIG. 1), with the two pistons 10, 11 acting on the two pistons 7, 8 with a slight time delay and conveying them towards the outlet opening of the double wall cartridge. Due to the advance of the front edge of the cylindrical tube 9 with respect to the front ends of the two punches 10, 11, a widening of the outer wall of the double wall cartridge 1 is prevented, since at the places of the greatest pressure load this is tightly enclosed by the cylindrical tube. Any type of uneven expression, ie unequal quantities, is avoided with the same volume of the two chambers 5, 6. If the capacities of the two chambers 5, 6 for the pasty mass are not the same, a constant mixing ratio that is predetermined as a result is exactly maintained.

Claims (2)

  1. An ejection gun for double wall cartridges (1), consisting of a manually operated gun grip, a trough-like half shell, a piston rod displaceably mounted therein and a substantially circular ejection plate, characterised by a cylindrical tube (9) which is open at one end and is releasably and displaceably disposed in the trough-like half shell, in which tube are fixed two plungers (10, 11), disposed spaced from each other, wherein the plungers (10, 11) are in the form of a cylinder and are attached to the base of the tube (13), coaxially to each other and to the longitudinal axis of the tube (9).
  2. An ejection gun according to claim 1, characterised in that the length of the plungers (10, 11), which are of different diameters, is smaller than the length of the cylindrical tube (9).
EP90123790A 1990-01-05 1990-12-11 Extrusion gun for double-wall cartridges Expired - Lifetime EP0436155B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4000205 1990-01-05
DE19904000205 DE4000205A1 (en) 1988-10-14 1990-01-05 Dispensing pistol for double-wall cartridge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0436155A2 EP0436155A2 (en) 1991-07-10
EP0436155A3 EP0436155A3 (en) 1991-12-04
EP0436155B1 true EP0436155B1 (en) 1994-08-24

Family

ID=6397659

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90123790A Expired - Lifetime EP0436155B1 (en) 1990-01-05 1990-12-11 Extrusion gun for double-wall cartridges

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5139171A (en)
EP (1) EP0436155B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0747317A (en)
AT (1) ATE110305T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2033627A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59006902D1 (en)

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AUPP719798A0 (en) * 1998-11-19 1998-12-17 Ramset Fasteners (Aust.) Pty. Limited A cartridge dispensing gun
DE10128611A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2002-12-19 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Ejection device for cartridge with two concentric chambers for building materials etc. has ejector ram of one-piece injection-molded part with internal ram part and external ring-shaped ram part for both chambers
DE102005000757B4 (en) * 2005-01-04 2007-07-19 Ritter Gmbh Two-chamber cartridge for two-component plastic masses with axially arranged chambers
WO2008063222A2 (en) * 2006-05-11 2008-05-29 Dentsply International Inc. Aerosol delivery system for dispensing dental compositions
US20070289996A1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-20 Todd Alan Wheatcraft Polyurethane and epoxy adhesive applicator systems
US9199329B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2015-12-01 Ergowelder Oy MIG- or MAG-welding gun
FI119924B (en) * 2007-03-09 2009-05-15 Erkki Tapio Kettunen MIG or MAG welding gun
BR112012000561A2 (en) * 2009-06-16 2016-11-16 Sulzer Mixpac Ag multi-component cartridge for single use.
BRPI1011813B1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2020-08-04 Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Gmbh INHALER
GB0918585D0 (en) 2009-10-22 2009-12-09 Cox Ltd Plunger
JP2013537504A (en) * 2010-08-16 2013-10-03 バイエル・マテリアルサイエンス・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Discharge module
WO2012067801A1 (en) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-24 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Powered dispensing tool
EP2468418B1 (en) 2010-12-23 2013-06-19 P C Cox Limited Valve and dispenser using the valve
ES2565054T3 (en) 2010-12-23 2016-03-31 P C Cox Limited Pneumatic dispenser
EP2468417A1 (en) 2010-12-23 2012-06-27 P C Cox Limited Actuator for a cartridge dispenser
EP2468419B1 (en) 2010-12-23 2015-01-21 P C Cox Limited Bi-directional pneumatic dispenser
LT3035886T (en) 2013-08-20 2021-01-11 Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica Gmbh Inhaler
MX2016002020A (en) 2013-08-20 2016-05-18 Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmed Inhaler.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE110305T1 (en) 1994-09-15
JPH0747317A (en) 1995-02-21
CA2033627A1 (en) 1991-07-06
US5139171A (en) 1992-08-18
DE59006902D1 (en) 1994-09-29
EP0436155A3 (en) 1991-12-04
EP0436155A2 (en) 1991-07-10

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