EP0434716A1 - A window comprising a top-hinged sash, for installation in an inclined roof. - Google Patents

A window comprising a top-hinged sash, for installation in an inclined roof.

Info

Publication number
EP0434716A1
EP0434716A1 EP19890910072 EP89910072A EP0434716A1 EP 0434716 A1 EP0434716 A1 EP 0434716A1 EP 19890910072 EP19890910072 EP 19890910072 EP 89910072 A EP89910072 A EP 89910072A EP 0434716 A1 EP0434716 A1 EP 0434716A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sash
main frame
window
outwards
faces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19890910072
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0434716B1 (en
Inventor
Arne Brandt Jensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VKR Holding AS
Original Assignee
VKR Holding AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VKR Holding AS filed Critical VKR Holding AS
Priority to AT89910072T priority Critical patent/ATE84837T1/en
Publication of EP0434716A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434716A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0434716B1 publication Critical patent/EP0434716B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/03—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights
    • E04D13/035—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts
    • E04D13/0351—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts the parts pivoting about a fixed axis
    • E04D13/0354—Sky-lights; Domes; Ventilating sky-lights characterised by having movable parts the parts pivoting about a fixed axis the parts being flat

Definitions

  • a window comprising a top-hinged sash, for installation in an inclined roof.
  • Opening the glass-carrying sash produces not only a rectangular aperture between the lower members of the sash and main frame but also triangular apertures between their side members.
  • the sash When the sash is opened for airing, for instance 15° to 20°, it prevents in many cases rain from coming in through the rectangular aperture, but even at moderate wind rain may frequently pass through one of the triangular apertures and the window should therefore be kept closed in rainy weather or in case of rain forecast.
  • the present invention provides a window which is outwards openable and which in spite of a simple structure eliminates the risk of rainfall through windows of this type, i.e. windows including a main frame for installation in an inclined roof and an outwardly opening sash that is top-hinged in said main frame, and for which abutment faces are provided on the inner side of the side members of the main frame.
  • the window according to the invention differs from the prior art windows in that the main frame side members besides a set of outwards facing abutment faces for the closed sash also include inwards facing abutments against which the sash may be retained in its open position.
  • the hinge axis may advantageously be located substantially in the plane of the roofing and if it is desired to prevent the main frame from protruding considerably in relation to the roofing (as is for instance the case with so-called single pitch skylights), also the inwards facing abutments of the main frame must consequently lie mainly in the same plane. This means that the sash by normal operation remains within the main frame thickness (the height of the main frame perpendicular to the roof surface) and, therefore, the above mentioned, triangular apertures will not occur.
  • the sash in the closing position has a steeper inclination than the roof proper, but this may in itself constitute an advantage, on one hand, from an architectural point of view and, on the other hand, because the outer glass surface will then to a smaller degree retain dust and dirt. Moreover, the view out of the window may be improved.
  • the inwards facing abutments may be simple stops for the outwards opening movement of the window sash, and in that case necessary seal between the sides of the main frame and the sash may be provided by means of suitable sliding or frictional gaskets, but according to the invention it is preferred that the abutments comprise sealing faces which are substantially parallel to the external plane of the main frame and cooperate with the external surface of the window sash in its opened position. Wear on possible gaskets on the sealing faces is thereby avoided.
  • the omission of the triangular apertures at opended sash entails that the airing effect in certain cases becomes smaller than desired, but this may be remedied in that the window sash may further be displaceable downwards and transversely of the top hinge axis.
  • Such a downwards displacement of the sash in relation to the main frame causes an extra aperture between the sash and the top member of the main frame, thereby increasing quite considerably the airing effect and this extra aperture may, if desired, be protected in a simple manner against rain and insects coming in.
  • a particular embodiment of the window with a sash displaceable in this manner is characterized in that the top and bottom edges of the sash from the closing position are displaceable parallel to the outwards facing abutment faces of the main frame and approximately horizontally outwards from said faces, resp., until the sash occupies a position substantially parallel to the external surface of the main frame so that the sash by swinging about an axis along one main frame side member gets clear of the inwards facing abutment on the opposite main frame side member.
  • the latter condition means that the distance from the pivot axis to the opposite edge of the sash in the downwards displaced position thereof is shorter than the shortest distance from the same axis to the abutment on the opposite main frame side member. This may be obtained without difficulty by suitably dimensioning the window.
  • the sash is actually openable in the same manner as an ordinary, side-hinged window and this offers the specific advantage that the aperture surrounded by the main frame in case of need may serve as exit, e.g. in emergency situations.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the window, viewed from outside, the sash being in downwards displaced and fully open position
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical centre section, illustrating the sash in closed position (solid line) and in two different, opened positions (dotted line), respectively,
  • Fig. 3 is a broken section analogous with Fig. 3, on a larger scale, and
  • Fig. 4 is a detail as marked by the arrow indication in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a section of a roof provided with any arbitrary roofing 1 and in which a main frame 2, Fig. 2, is installed in an ordinary manner.
  • This frame comprises a top member 3, a bottom member 4 and two side members 5, which together form an outwards facing abutment surface 6, with which a window sash 7 consisting of a frame with one or more layers of glass is in sealing contact, for instance via a gasket, when the window is closed.
  • Main frame 2 includes an ordinary flashing 8 overlying the roofing 1 and, likewise in an ordinary manner, it is provided with internal panel members 9, Fig. 2. It appears, moreover, from this figure that the plane of the abutment face 6 has a somewhat greater inclination than the roof surface, while the upper or outer edges of the main frame side members 5 are parallel thereto. On the inner surface the main frame side members are provided, along said upper or outer edges, with projecting strips or rails 10 forming inwards facing abutment faces 11 for cooperation with the external surface of sash 7. This sash is provided with top hinges 12 permitting the sash to be pivoted between the closed position and an airing position 7' in which it is kept tight against the underside of the strips 10, e.g.
  • this aperture may be covered with a detachable or collapsible net that makes the window "insect-tight".
  • the window may also be opened in another way, viz. by a downwards displacement of sash 7 in relation to main frame 2 to the position marked 7" in Fig. 2.
  • the top hinges 12 must be releasable and may thus, as best illustrated in Fig. 3, be constituted by a pair of ball-shaped or cylindrical bearing members 15 positioned at a respective one of the upper corners of the window sash and which in the dotted line position are in snap engagement with associated bearing sockets 16 on the main frame top member 3. Similar bearing members 17, Fig.
  • the main frame is provided with slide grooves 18 extending somewhat obliquely outwards from the main frame bottom member 4 towards the roof surface.
  • the sash 7 is solely carried by the bearing members 15 and 17 at the four corners and may be displaced downwards to the position 7" that may be determined by suitable stops.
  • Both the bearing sockets 16 and the slide grooves 18 may include ramplike portions 19 which by the intitial downwards displacement raises the sash 7 slightly from the abutment face 6, thereby protecting a possible packing or gasket thereon against wear.
  • the window sash may, as explained above and as illustrated in Fig. 1 , be swung open in the same manner as a side-hinged window, the pivot axis being then determined by the said two bearing members 15 and 17 at one side of the window.
  • a guide rail 20 may be provided on the main frame side member at the hinge side, Figs 3 and 4. This guide rail is parallel to the abutment face 6 and is connected with the top bearing member 15 through a pivot joint or link 21. If the side hinge function is abstained from, such a slidable retaining of the window sash may be used at both sides thereof.
  • a rotary catch 22 at either side, see bottom of Fig. 3, connected with a common handle 23 which in the position illustrated in solid line cooperates lockingly with a pin 24 mounted in the main frame side member, while in a second position, illustrated in dotted line, said catches let off the pin, thereby allowing the window to open.
  • the active edge of the catches may further be shaped so that by the initial rotation away from and the final rotation into the locking position it draws the bearing members 15 out of and presses them into the associated bearing sockets 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)

Abstract

Dans la fenêtre décrite, qui est destinée à être installée dans un toit incliné et qui comprend un châssis de fenêtre (7) pourvu d'une charnière dans sa partie supérieure, des éléments latéraux (5) du cadre principal ne comportent pas seulement des surfaces d'abouts ordinaires (6) orientées vers l'extérieur mais également des abouts orientés vers l'intérieur (10, 11), contre lesquels les bords latéraux du châssis peuvent être retenus après ouverture pour aération. Les charnières supérieures (12) peuvent être dégagées pour permettre un déplacement vers le bas du châssis vers une position (7''), depuis laquelle le châssis peut être davantage ouvert par mouvement pivotant autour d'un axe situé sur l'un de ses côtés.In the window described, which is intended to be installed in an inclined roof and which comprises a window frame (7) provided with a hinge in its upper part, side elements (5) of the main frame do not only have surfaces ordinary ends (6) oriented towards the outside but also ends directed towards the inside (10, 11), against which the lateral edges of the frame can be retained after opening for ventilation. The upper hinges (12) can be released to allow a downward movement of the chassis to a position (7 ''), from which the chassis can be further opened by pivoting movement around an axis located on one of its sides.

Description

A window comprising a top-hinged sash, for installation in an inclined roof.
In living rooms under an inclined roof it is known to make use of windows with a main frame and a glass-carrying reversible sash that is mounted in an intermediate frame, top-hinged in the main frame, and in its closed position seals against outwards facing abutting faces in the main frame. By means of releasable coupling fixtures the reversible sash may be secured to the intermediate frame and is then operable as an ordinary, outwards opening roof window, i.e. it may be opened and closed by pivoting about the top hinge axis.
Opening the glass-carrying sash produces not only a rectangular aperture between the lower members of the sash and main frame but also triangular apertures between their side members. When the sash is opened for airing, for instance 15° to 20°, it prevents in many cases rain from coming in through the rectangular aperture, but even at moderate wind rain may frequently pass through one of the triangular apertures and the window should therefore be kept closed in rainy weather or in case of rain forecast.
A proposal for solving this problem is disclosed in US patent No. 4 663 905 which in its abstract illustrates a skylight assembly with a bottom-hinged inwards opening sash and in which each of the sash side members extending in the height direction of the roof is tightly connected with one edge of a flexible, accordionfolded gusset portion, the opposite edge of which is sealingly connected with the roof. In the opened position of the window the gusset portion covers the actual triangular opening.
The present invention provides a window which is outwards openable and which in spite of a simple structure eliminates the risk of rainfall through windows of this type, i.e. windows including a main frame for installation in an inclined roof and an outwardly opening sash that is top-hinged in said main frame, and for which abutment faces are provided on the inner side of the side members of the main frame.
The window according to the invention differs from the prior art windows in that the main frame side members besides a set of outwards facing abutment faces for the closed sash also include inwards facing abutments against which the sash may be retained in its open position.
Like in prior, top-hinged roof windows the hinge axis may advantageously be located substantially in the plane of the roofing and if it is desired to prevent the main frame from protruding considerably in relation to the roofing (as is for instance the case with so- called single pitch skylights), also the inwards facing abutments of the main frame must consequently lie mainly in the same plane. This means that the sash by normal operation remains within the main frame thickness (the height of the main frame perpendicular to the roof surface) and, therefore, the above mentioned, triangular apertures will not occur. Another consequence is that the sash in the closing position has a steeper inclination than the roof proper, but this may in itself constitute an advantage, on one hand, from an architectural point of view and, on the other hand, because the outer glass surface will then to a smaller degree retain dust and dirt. Moreover, the view out of the window may be improved.
The omission of the triangular apertures in the opened position of the window further simplifies the solution of another problem, viz. the provision of a protection preventing insects from flying in through the window opened for airing. This only requires the mentioned rectangular aperture to be shielded which is easily complied with by mounting an insect net in this aperture. If such a net is carried by a stable frame, this frame may as well be used to or contribute to firmly holding the window sash against the inwards facing abutments and may further make it difficult to get access from outside to the operating means positioned internally of the sash, thereby reducing the risk of burglary.
The inwards facing abutments may be simple stops for the outwards opening movement of the window sash, and in that case necessary seal between the sides of the main frame and the sash may be provided by means of suitable sliding or frictional gaskets, but according to the invention it is preferred that the abutments comprise sealing faces which are substantially parallel to the external plane of the main frame and cooperate with the external surface of the window sash in its opened position. Wear on possible gaskets on the sealing faces is thereby avoided.
The omission of the triangular apertures at opended sash entails that the airing effect in certain cases becomes smaller than desired, but this may be remedied in that the window sash may further be displaceable downwards and transversely of the top hinge axis. Such a downwards displacement of the sash in relation to the main frame causes an extra aperture between the sash and the top member of the main frame, thereby increasing quite considerably the airing effect and this extra aperture may, if desired, be protected in a simple manner against rain and insects coming in.
A particular embodiment of the window with a sash displaceable in this manner is characterized in that the top and bottom edges of the sash from the closing position are displaceable parallel to the outwards facing abutment faces of the main frame and approximately horizontally outwards from said faces, resp., until the sash occupies a position substantially parallel to the external surface of the main frame so that the sash by swinging about an axis along one main frame side member gets clear of the inwards facing abutment on the opposite main frame side member. The latter condition means that the distance from the pivot axis to the opposite edge of the sash in the downwards displaced position thereof is shorter than the shortest distance from the same axis to the abutment on the opposite main frame side member. This may be obtained without difficulty by suitably dimensioning the window.
In this embodiment the sash is actually openable in the same manner as an ordinary, side-hinged window and this offers the specific advantage that the aperture surrounded by the main frame in case of need may serve as exit, e.g. in emergency situations.
Further details of the invention according to the last mentioned embodiment will appear from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which
Fig. 1 illustrates the window, viewed from outside, the sash being in downwards displaced and fully open position,
Fig. 2 is a vertical centre section, illustrating the sash in closed position (solid line) and in two different, opened positions (dotted line), respectively,
Fig. 3 is a broken section analogous with Fig. 3, on a larger scale, and
Fig. 4 is a detail as marked by the arrow indication in Fig. 3.
Fig. 1 illustrates a section of a roof provided with any arbitrary roofing 1 and in which a main frame 2, Fig. 2, is installed in an ordinary manner.
This frame comprises a top member 3, a bottom member 4 and two side members 5, which together form an outwards facing abutment surface 6, with which a window sash 7 consisting of a frame with one or more layers of glass is in sealing contact, for instance via a gasket, when the window is closed.
Main frame 2 includes an ordinary flashing 8 overlying the roofing 1 and, likewise in an ordinary manner, it is provided with internal panel members 9, Fig. 2. It appears, moreover, from this figure that the plane of the abutment face 6 has a somewhat greater inclination than the roof surface, while the upper or outer edges of the main frame side members 5 are parallel thereto. On the inner surface the main frame side members are provided, along said upper or outer edges, with projecting strips or rails 10 forming inwards facing abutment faces 11 for cooperation with the external surface of sash 7. This sash is provided with top hinges 12 permitting the sash to be pivoted between the closed position and an airing position 7' in which it is kept tight against the underside of the strips 10, e.g. by means of spring clips 13, thereby preventing rain from coming in at the window sides, while airing may still take place through the rectangular aperture 14 between the sash 7' and the main frame bottom member 4. If desired, this aperture may be covered with a detachable or collapsible net that makes the window "insect-tight".
In the illustrated embodiment the window may also be opened in another way, viz. by a downwards displacement of sash 7 in relation to main frame 2 to the position marked 7" in Fig. 2. In this respect the top hinges 12 must be releasable and may thus, as best illustrated in Fig. 3, be constituted by a pair of ball-shaped or cylindrical bearing members 15 positioned at a respective one of the upper corners of the window sash and which in the dotted line position are in snap engagement with associated bearing sockets 16 on the main frame top member 3. Similar bearing members 17, Fig. 3, are positioned at a respective one of the lower corners of the sash, and for cooperation therewith the main frame is provided with slide grooves 18 extending somewhat obliquely outwards from the main frame bottom member 4 towards the roof surface. After the top bearing members 15 have been pulled clear of the bearing sockets 16 as illustrated in solid line in Fig. 3, the sash 7 is solely carried by the bearing members 15 and 17 at the four corners and may be displaced downwards to the position 7" that may be determined by suitable stops. Both the bearing sockets 16 and the slide grooves 18 may include ramplike portions 19 which by the intitial downwards displacement raises the sash 7 slightly from the abutment face 6, thereby protecting a possible packing or gasket thereon against wear.
From the displaced position 7" the window sash may, as explained above and as illustrated in Fig. 1 , be swung open in the same manner as a side-hinged window, the pivot axis being then determined by the said two bearing members 15 and 17 at one side of the window. With a view to avoid, in this situation, a complete release the window sash 7 from the main frame 2, a guide rail 20 may be provided on the main frame side member at the hinge side, Figs 3 and 4. This guide rail is parallel to the abutment face 6 and is connected with the top bearing member 15 through a pivot joint or link 21. If the side hinge function is abstained from, such a slidable retaining of the window sash may be used at both sides thereof.
In order to tighten and lock the closed window sash 7 it may include a rotary catch 22 at either side, see bottom of Fig. 3, connected with a common handle 23 which in the position illustrated in solid line cooperates lockingly with a pin 24 mounted in the main frame side member, while in a second position, illustrated in dotted line, said catches let off the pin, thereby allowing the window to open. The active edge of the catches may further be shaped so that by the initial rotation away from and the final rotation into the locking position it draws the bearing members 15 out of and presses them into the associated bearing sockets 16.

Claims

P A T E N T C L A I M S
1. A window including a main frame (2) for installation in an inclined roof (1) and an outwardly opening sash (7) that is top-ϊΛnged in said main frame and for which abutment faces (6) are provided on the inner side of the side members (5) of the main frame, characterized in that the main frame side members (5) besides a set of outwards facing abutment faces (6) for the closed sash (7) also include inwards facing abutments (10) against which the sash is retained in its open position.
2. A window as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the inward facing abutments (10) comprise sealing faces (11) which are substantially parallel to the external plane of the main frame and cooperate with the external surface of the window sash in the opened position thereof.
3. A window as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the window sash (7) is displaceable downwards and transversely of the top hinge axis (12).
4. A window as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that top and bottom edges of the sash (7) from the closing position are displaceable parallel to the outwards facing abutment faces (6) of the main frame and approximately horizontally outwards from said faces, resp., until the sash occupies a position substantially parallel to the external surface of the main frame so that the sash by swinging about an axis along one main frame side member (5) gets clear of the inwards facing abutment (10) on the opposite main frame side member.
5. A window as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the sash (7) at either of its upper corners includes a bearing member (15) for releasable engagement with a bearing socket (16) mounted on the main frame (2).
6. A window as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the bearing member (15) at one corner is con nected through a link (21) with a guide rail (20) extending along the adjacent main frame side member (5).
7. A window as calmed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the window sash (7) at either of its lower corners includes a bearing member (17) for displacement on a slide groove (18) which from the outwards facing abutment face (6) of the main frame is directed substantially horizontally towards the external surface pf the main frame.
8. A window as claimed in claim 5 or 7, characterized in that the bearing sockets (16) as well as the slide grooves (18) are provided with ramps (19) which by the initial displacement of the window sash downwards from the closing position causes the sash to be raised clear of the outwards directed abutment faces (6) of the main frame.
9. A window as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the window sash (7) at either side is provided with rotary catches (22) connected with a handle (23) and which in one position engage pins (24) on the main frame side members (5) for tightening the sash against the outwards facing abutment faces (6) of said main frame side members and allowing in a second position the movement of the sash towards its open position.
EP19890910072 1988-09-01 1989-08-24 A window comprising a top-hinged sash, for installation in an inclined roof Expired - Lifetime EP0434716B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89910072T ATE84837T1 (en) 1988-09-01 1989-08-24 WINDOW WITH TOP HINGED FRAME FOR INSTALLATION IN SLOPING ROOF.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK486788A DK163681C (en) 1988-09-01 1988-09-01 WINDOW FOR BUILT IN A LARGE ROOF AND WITH A HINGED WINDOW
DK4867/88 1988-09-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434716A1 true EP0434716A1 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0434716B1 EP0434716B1 (en) 1993-01-20

Family

ID=8137373

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890910072 Expired - Lifetime EP0434716B1 (en) 1988-09-01 1989-08-24 A window comprising a top-hinged sash, for installation in an inclined roof

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0434716B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2761783B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1041023A (en)
DK (1) DK163681C (en)
ES (1) ES2019153A6 (en)
WO (1) WO1990002858A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ337731A (en) * 1999-09-08 2000-11-24 Edwards & Williams Greenhouses Roof vents for greenhouse, has steeper pitch than rafters

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE637028C (en) * 1936-10-19 Wilhelm Kreuels Roof window with side folding wall
DE578247C (en) * 1931-11-06 1933-06-12 Emil Nabbefeld Rain protection device for skylights
US2392678A (en) * 1943-07-31 1946-01-08 Farley & Loetscher Mfg Company Window construction
DE2543979A1 (en) * 1975-10-02 1977-04-07 Grescha Ges Grefe & Scharf Ventilating and fire retarding skylight - has angled wind deflection each side, between frame and cover, sealing openings
US4663905A (en) * 1986-09-02 1987-05-12 Kenneth Schulz Skylight assembly

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9002858A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2761783B2 (en) 1998-06-04
EP0434716B1 (en) 1993-01-20
ES2019153A6 (en) 1991-06-01
DK486788D0 (en) 1988-09-01
DK486788A (en) 1990-03-02
WO1990002858A1 (en) 1990-03-22
DK163681C (en) 1992-08-10
CN1041023A (en) 1990-04-04
JPH04500252A (en) 1992-01-16
DK163681B (en) 1992-03-23

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