EP0426685A1 - Laminated structure with low dielectric losses - Google Patents
Laminated structure with low dielectric lossesInfo
- Publication number
- EP0426685A1 EP0426685A1 EP89905801A EP89905801A EP0426685A1 EP 0426685 A1 EP0426685 A1 EP 0426685A1 EP 89905801 A EP89905801 A EP 89905801A EP 89905801 A EP89905801 A EP 89905801A EP 0426685 A1 EP0426685 A1 EP 0426685A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- laminated structure
- layers
- spacing
- structure according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/02—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/02—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin in the form of fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/04—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/28—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
- H01B3/52—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials wood; paper; press board
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
Definitions
- Coarse cables are today insulated with oil impregnated, so-called cable paper, where the cable paper i.a. serves as a carrier of the oil insulation.
- Cable paper is found partly in the form of cellulose fibre paper, partly in combinations of cellulose fibre, polyolefin fibre and/or film of polyolefins.
- the purpose of the polyolefin additives, which have lower dielectric losses than cellulose, is to lower the total dielectric losses of the construction by "diluting".
- SE-B-7705609-1 describes a laminated structure in which a PP-non-woven material is laminated together with paper by pressing at temperatures at which the PP-fibres partly melt to cause bonding on one hand between the PP-fibres and on the other hand between the PP-fibres and the paper fibres. If the temperature is too low no bonding is achieved. If the temperature is too high the fibres melt and the non-woven material is destroyed. The temperature range which must be applied to achieve bonding but not melting of the PP-fibres is very limited and causes problems in industrial production.
- the present invention relates to a laminated structure compri ⁇ sing two or more layers of cellulose fibre paper separated by spacing layers (non-woven) built upp of fibres which by -» suitable adhesion to one another form a lattice structure with a fibre content of less than 30 percent by volume.
- suitable adhesion By means of said adhesion one can achieve the same stability, i.e. mechanical strength, thickness tolerances etc. previously achieved with non-bonded fibres with a fibre content of over 40 percent by volume.
- the laminates produced have dielectric losses which closely follow the mixing rule, i.e. d* ⁇ t d + (1-t ) d I ⁇ --* p p P n
- d represents the dielectric losses
- t represents the total thickness of the layer types used
- indexes 1 p and n represent laminate, paper and non-woven, respectively.
- the dielectic losses of the non-woven material are much lower than those of the paper the dielectic losses are reduced approximately proportionally to the reduced amount of paper used. This means, for example, that with a thickness of the layers: paper: 40 ⁇ m, non-woven: 100 ⁇ m, paper 40 ⁇ m, the laminate has dielectric losses of approx. 0.5 of the dielec ⁇ tric losses of a cable paper of the same thickness produced entirely of the same paper.
- the lattice fibre structure is built up of fibres with a sheath of, or in another way applied suitable polymer which melts at temperatures lower than the fibres.
- the sheath can either be continuous and completely surround the fibre core or cover it partially. This sheath can be produced by fibre spinning through a double extruder.
- non-woven-structure of this fibre By heating a "non-woven"-structure of this fibre to tempera ⁇ tures at which the low melting sheath sticks and simultaneous ⁇ ly compressing the non-woven structure and maintaining it pressed together until the temperature has lowered so that the sheathing material has stiffened, the sheathing material at those points where two fibres are pressed against each other serve as joining points whereby a lattice structure with good dimension stability even at relatively low fibre contents is formed.
- An example of this type of fibre is ES-fibre from Danaklon A/S, which on heating to 120° C, compressing and cooling to 80° C forms the required structure, cf. the drawing.
- the lattice structure can alternatively be obtained by providing the joints between the fibres which are not melted at the heating, compression and cooling, by means of the addition of a suitable binding agent which melts at a lower temperature than the fibres.
- the additive may be supplied in the form of fibres or film of suitable polymer, which melts at. a lower temperature than the fibres forming the spacing layer, whereby on heating to the melting point of the additive this melts and creates the joints.
- suitable material for the construction are, for example, different types of polyolefins, polypropylene-fibres (PP-fibre) with polyethylene (PE) or a suitable olefin copolymer with lower melting point than polypropylene as a "binding agent".
- PP-fibre polypropylene-fibres
- PE polyethylene
- suitable olefin copolymer with lower melting point than polypropylene as a "binding agent”.
- Laminates were produced by compressing normal cable paper and non-woven of polypropylene fibre (PP-fibre) with a sheath of polyethylene (PE).
- PP-fibre polypropylene fibre
- PE polyethylene
- the non-woven material was washed for re ⁇ moval of any optional substances added during its manufacture.
- Laminates were produced having different thicknesses: 120-400 ⁇ m by combining cable paper and non-woven layers having different thicknesses. All the laminates consisted of three layers: cable paper / non-woven / cable paper. The outer layer of the cable paper was chosen to provide a surface with the same properties as those of normal cable paper. The thickness of the paper layers and the non-woven layers was chosen in relation to the thickness of commercially available cable paper.
- the laminates were produced by pressing at temperatures above the melting point of the surface layer but below that of the PP-fibres, for example between 130-150°C and at a pressure of between 0.1-5 MPa.
- Laminates were produced by pressing at the same temperature and pressure as in example 1 but with a non-woven layer comprising PP-fibre only.
- the construction of the laminates was cable paper / thin P PEE--ffiillmm // ((PPPP--nnoonn--wwoo 1 ven/thin PE-film/PP-non-woven) / thin m PE-film/-cable paper.
- Laminates with thicknesses between 100 and 400 ⁇ m were produced.
- the thickness of the PE-films was - 20 ⁇ m and did not add to the thickness of the laminate because they melted under the compression.
- Laminates were produced in the same way as in example 2 but the PE-film was replaced by PE-fibres which either were placed between the different layers in the laminate or mixed in among the PP-fibres in the non-woven material.
Abstract
La structure décrite est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins deux couches de papier en fibres cellulosiques séparées par des couches d'espacement renfermant des fibres qui, par adhérence les unes aux autres grâce à la présence, sur lesdites fibres, d'une couche de surface appropriée en un matériau fondant à une température inférieure aux fibres, forment une structure réticulaire avec une teneur en fibres inférieure à 30 % en volume.The structure described is characterized in that it comprises at least two layers of paper made of cellulosic fibers separated by spacing layers containing fibers which, by adhesion to each other thanks to the presence, on said fibers, of a suitable surface layer of a material melting at a temperature below the fibers, form a reticular structure with a fiber content of less than 30% by volume.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8801668A SE8801668D0 (en) | 1988-05-03 | 1988-05-03 | CABLE PAPERS WITH LOW DIELECTRIC LOSSES |
SE8801668 | 1988-05-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0426685A1 true EP0426685A1 (en) | 1991-05-15 |
Family
ID=20372216
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89905801A Pending EP0426685A1 (en) | 1988-05-03 | 1989-05-03 | Laminated structure with low dielectric losses |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0426685A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH03505019A (en) |
AU (1) | AU614843B2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK260590D0 (en) |
FI (1) | FI905386A0 (en) |
SE (1) | SE8801668D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989011151A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2087999A1 (en) * | 1992-09-23 | 1994-03-24 | Lee K. Jameson | Hydrosonically bonded nonwoven/paper material and process for forming the same |
US9437348B2 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2016-09-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Electrical insulation material |
US9754701B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2017-09-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Electrical insulation material |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1544044A (en) * | 1976-05-14 | 1979-04-11 | Dainichi Nippon Cables Ltd | Electrical insulating paper and method of making same |
-
1988
- 1988-05-03 SE SE8801668A patent/SE8801668D0/en unknown
-
1989
- 1989-05-03 AU AU35688/89A patent/AU614843B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-05-03 JP JP1505734A patent/JPH03505019A/en active Pending
- 1989-05-03 WO PCT/SE1989/000251 patent/WO1989011151A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-05-03 EP EP89905801A patent/EP0426685A1/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-10-30 DK DK260590A patent/DK260590D0/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-10-31 FI FI905386A patent/FI905386A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8911151A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK260590A (en) | 1990-10-30 |
JPH03505019A (en) | 1991-10-31 |
WO1989011151A1 (en) | 1989-11-16 |
AU614843B2 (en) | 1991-09-12 |
AU3568889A (en) | 1989-11-29 |
DK260590D0 (en) | 1990-10-30 |
FI905386A0 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
SE8801668D0 (en) | 1988-05-03 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19901024 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
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