EP0399282B1 - An automatic magneto-thermal protection switch having a high breaking capacity - Google Patents
An automatic magneto-thermal protection switch having a high breaking capacity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0399282B1 EP0399282B1 EP90108624A EP90108624A EP0399282B1 EP 0399282 B1 EP0399282 B1 EP 0399282B1 EP 90108624 A EP90108624 A EP 90108624A EP 90108624 A EP90108624 A EP 90108624A EP 0399282 B1 EP0399282 B1 EP 0399282B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- drum
- side portion
- moving
- moving contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/2409—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electromagnetic current limiting mechanism
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/002—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00 with provision for switching the neutral conductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
- H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
- H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
- H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
- H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
- H01H71/2472—Electromagnetic mechanisms with rotatable armatures
Definitions
- This invention relates to an automatic magneto-thermal protection switch according to the preamble of claim 1 and known from document DE-B-2 132 738.
- the switch When conformant with this standard, the switch will be able to adequately protect resistive loads as are usually to occur in generic domestic and civil systems.
- a current demand is also that of providing modular switches of still smaller size and bulk so that an increased number of them can be accommodated within a station panel. This demand is more acutely felt where the protection for existing systems is to be enhanced and the space available for the station panel is limited.
- the technical problem that underlies this invention is to provide an automatic magneto-thermal protection switch which has such structural and functional characteristics as to permit of the use of uniquely small-size de-ionization chambers, so that the switch can comfortably fit inside a single standard module, and still retain a high breaking capacity, while overcoming the drawbacks with which the prior art is beset.
- the solutive idea on which this invention stands is that of increasing the opening and separation speed of the moving contact relatively to the fixed contact, upon automatic operation of the switch, thereby the size of the de-ionization cells can be reduced.
- an automatic magneto-thermal protection switch or breaker according to the invention.
- the switch 1 comprises a box-type case 2 of parallelepipedic shape, known per se, which measures 17.5 mm in width.
- the case 2 is formed of two superimposed half-shells 4 and 5 having mating shapes.
- the switch 1 also comprises a control key 3, of the bistable kind, which is accessible frontally on the case 2 and journalled on a pin 6 fast with the half-shell 5.
- a break mechanism Connected to the key 3 is a break mechanism, generally denoted by 15, comprising a toggle mechanism 16 for driving a moving contact to rock toward and away from a corresponding fixed contact.
- the switch 1 is of the so-called single-pole type with neutral, and input and output fixed-cage terminals 7 and 8 are provided therefor to enable connection to neutral and phase conductors, respectively.
- phase input terminal 8 To the phase input terminal 8, there is connected one end of an amperometric coil 9 intended for automatic magnetic protection operation and wound around a stationary core 10.
- the coil 9 is carried in a U-shaped cage 11 having sheet-like walls and, pivoted to its top, a small moving armature 12 bent at right angles to define a first leg extending over the core 10 and a second leg 12a having an end arranged to interfere with and act upon, with the interposition of a small lever 46, the breaking mechanism 15.
- the end of the first leg of the armature 12 has a breaker arm-like lug 35 serving a function to be explained.
- the armature 12 is apt to be pulled toward the core 10 by the electromagnetic force induced by a fault or short current such that the end active on the mechanism 15 can automatically trip off the switch 1 on the occurrence of a fault situation.
- Respectively associated with the neutral input terminal 7 and the phase output terminal 8 are fixed contacts 14 and 18, toward and away from which, corresponding moving contacts 17 and 19 are guided movably by the mechanism 15.
- a moving contact holder assembly 20 is provided for the purpose which comprises a drum 21 journalled on a pin 22 fast with the half-shell 5.
- the drum 21 is connected peripherally to one end of the toggle mechanism 16 and displaceable angularly against the bias force of a spring means 24.
- each contact, 17 or 19 comprises an annular sheet-like portion 25 fitting around the pin 22 in a mating seat 26 formed in the drum 21 and being held therein against the bias of a spring 27.
- an arm 28 Formed integrally with the portion 25 is an arm 28 carrying the moving contact and jutting out toward the corresponding fixed contact opposite to a de-ionization chamber 30 and respective cell 29.
- the cells 29 are provided on opposed sides of the switch 1 near the fixed contacts 14 and 18; they are arranged substantially along a slightly inclined direction to the major axis of the switch.
- Each cell 29 consists of a set of laminations 36 thickly arranged parallel and attached to one another by small opposed cross-bars 37. These laminations 36 have a V-shaped cutout 38 formed in their side facing the moving contact, whereby a corresponding V-like notch is defined which provides an invitation for the electric arc to be suppressed.
- the spring 27 controls the contact force between the corresponding fixed and moving contacts, while taking up any backlash generated by the contact wear.
- the respective arms 28 of the contacts 17 and 19 extend substantially from opposed ends of the drum 21, and are aligned along the same direction but opposite verses. They are displaceable angularly together with the drum 21 in the same direction of rotation.
- a cord lead 43 connects the portion 25 of the moving contact 17 to the output terminal 7, and a similar cord lead 44 connects the portion 25 of the other moving contact 19 to the end of a bimetallic plate 45.
- This plate 45 has the opposite end connected to the other end of the coil 9, being thus connected in series between that coil and the moving contact 19 to provide thermal protection for the switch 1.
- a small, three-arm lever 46 is journalled for the purpose on a pin 48 rigid with the half-shell 5 and displaceable angularly against the bias force of a spring 47. That lever 46 has a first arm acting as feeler on the bimetallic plate 45, a second arm inserted in the path of travel of the section 12a of the armature 12, and a third arm connected detachably to the breaking mechanism 15.
- a rocking striker 32 is also provided which is journalled on the pin 22 above the drum 21 and has opposite ends 31 and 33 respectively located close against each arm 28, thereby the rocking striker 32 will form with the arms 28 a cross-over X-shaped configuration.
- the rocking striker 32 has its end 33 inserted in the path of travel of the breaker arm-like lug 35 on said armature 12 and the opposite end 31 active on the arm 28 of the moving contact 19 in abutment relationship.
- That same end 33 of the rocking striker 32 is active, on account of the thrust force applied to it by the lug 35 on operation of the coil 9, on the arm 28 of the moving contact 17.
- the switch 1 is also provided with an indicator device 40 indicating the operational state of the switch.
- This device comprises a rod 39 pivoted between the drum 20 and the toggle mechanism 16 and extending to the key 3.
- a small indicator plate 42 in two colors which can be viewed through a window 41 provided in the case 2 front above the key 3.
- the striking effect adds to the elastic pull from the spring 24, with the result that the speed of relative movement of the fixed and moving contacts away from each other can be higher than that afforded by switches made in accordance with the prior art.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
Description
- This invention relates to an automatic magneto-thermal protection switch according to the preamble of claim 1 and known from document DE-B-2 132 738.
- As is well known, automatic switches or breakers of the above-outlined type are widely employed in the civil and tertiary sectors to perform control and protection functions for an electric system.
- They are installed, for example, upstream of an electric power distribution line to which a number of consumer apparatus are connected. These switches enable the line to be sectioned off other lines in the system, while also affording magneto-thermal protection for such apparatus against overloading, fault currents, and shorts.
- For that field of application, relevant regulatory bodies (CEI Standard 23-3) provide for these switches to have a breaking capacity at 220 Volts rated at 3-4.5 kiloamperes in a short situation.
- When conformant with this standard, the switch will be able to adequately protect resistive loads as are usually to occur in generic domestic and civil systems.
- A current demand is also that of providing modular switches of still smaller size and bulk so that an increased number of them can be accommodated within a station panel. This demand is more acutely felt where the protection for existing systems is to be enhanced and the space available for the station panel is limited.
- The trend is, with most of the manufacturers, toward the provision of protection switches or breakers which are incorporated to a single standard module 17.5 mm wide. However, this brings about some serious design problems if the break mechanism and the switch protection devices are both to fit in that module. In addition, to conform with the aforesaid standard, it is necessary that on the occurrence of a short, the electric arc that is unavoidable generated across the fixed and moving contacts of the switch be effectively suppressed within the shortest possible time. But this requires de-ionization chambers of adequate size and considerable bulk, which runs contrary to the need to fit the whole assembly in a single standard module.
- It will be appreciated, moreover, how these problems are aggravated where automatic switches or breakers are to be provided which are of the so-called single-pole type with neutral, and require that two ionization chambers be accommodated within said standard module, respectively for the phase contacts and the ones associated with the neutral pole.
- The technical problem that underlies this invention is to provide an automatic magneto-thermal protection switch which has such structural and functional characteristics as to permit of the use of uniquely small-size de-ionization chambers, so that the switch can comfortably fit inside a single standard module, and still retain a high breaking capacity, while overcoming the drawbacks with which the prior art is beset.
- The solutive idea on which this invention stands is that of increasing the opening and separation speed of the moving contact relatively to the fixed contact, upon automatic operation of the switch, thereby the size of the de-ionization cells can be reduced.
- On the basis of this idea, the technical problem is solved by an automatic switch of the type specified in claim 1.
- The features and advantages of an automatic switch according to the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of an embodiment thereof, to be taken by way of illustration and not of limitation in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
- In the drawings:
- Figure 1 shows in perspective the outward appearance of an automatic switch according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of the construction of the switch shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a top plan view of the switch if Figure 2; and
- Figure 4 is a perspective detail view of the switch shown in Figure 2.
- With reference to the drawing views, generally indicated at 1 is an automatic magneto-thermal protection switch or breaker according to the invention.
- The switch 1 comprises a box-
type case 2 of parallelepipedic shape, known per se, which measures 17.5 mm in width. - The
case 2 is formed of two superimposed half-shells - The switch 1 also comprises a
control key 3, of the bistable kind, which is accessible frontally on thecase 2 and journalled on apin 6 fast with the half-shell 5. - Connected to the
key 3 is a break mechanism, generally denoted by 15, comprising atoggle mechanism 16 for driving a moving contact to rock toward and away from a corresponding fixed contact. - The switch 1 is of the so-called single-pole type with neutral, and input and output fixed-
cage terminals 7 and 8 are provided therefor to enable connection to neutral and phase conductors, respectively. - To the
phase input terminal 8, there is connected one end of anamperometric coil 9 intended for automatic magnetic protection operation and wound around astationary core 10. - The
coil 9 is carried in a U-shapedcage 11 having sheet-like walls and, pivoted to its top, a small movingarmature 12 bent at right angles to define a first leg extending over thecore 10 and asecond leg 12a having an end arranged to interfere with and act upon, with the interposition of asmall lever 46, the breaking mechanism 15. The end of the first leg of thearmature 12 has a breaker arm-like lug 35 serving a function to be explained. - The
armature 12 is apt to be pulled toward thecore 10 by the electromagnetic force induced by a fault or short current such that the end active on the mechanism 15 can automatically trip off the switch 1 on the occurrence of a fault situation. - Respectively associated with the neutral input terminal 7 and the
phase output terminal 8 are fixedcontacts contacts - A moving
contact holder assembly 20 is provided for the purpose which comprises adrum 21 journalled on apin 22 fast with the half-shell 5. - The
drum 21 is connected peripherally to one end of thetoggle mechanism 16 and displaceable angularly against the bias force of a spring means 24. - Mounted resiliently on said
drum 21, to opposed faces thereof, are the aforesaid movingcontacts like portion 25 fitting around thepin 22 in amating seat 26 formed in thedrum 21 and being held therein against the bias of aspring 27. - Formed integrally with the
portion 25 is anarm 28 carrying the moving contact and jutting out toward the corresponding fixed contact opposite to ade-ionization chamber 30 andrespective cell 29. - The
cells 29 are provided on opposed sides of the switch 1 near thefixed contacts - Each
cell 29 consists of a set oflaminations 36 thickly arranged parallel and attached to one another by smallopposed cross-bars 37. Theselaminations 36 have a V-shaped cutout 38 formed in their side facing the moving contact, whereby a corresponding V-like notch is defined which provides an invitation for the electric arc to be suppressed. - The
spring 27 controls the contact force between the corresponding fixed and moving contacts, while taking up any backlash generated by the contact wear. - The
respective arms 28 of thecontacts drum 21, and are aligned along the same direction but opposite verses. They are displaceable angularly together with thedrum 21 in the same direction of rotation. - A
cord lead 43 connects theportion 25 of the movingcontact 17 to the output terminal 7, and asimilar cord lead 44 connects theportion 25 of the other movingcontact 19 to the end of abimetallic plate 45. Thisplate 45 has the opposite end connected to the other end of thecoil 9, being thus connected in series between that coil and the movingcontact 19 to provide thermal protection for the switch 1. - A small, three-
arm lever 46 is journalled for the purpose on apin 48 rigid with the half-shell 5 and displaceable angularly against the bias force of aspring 47. Thatlever 46 has a first arm acting as feeler on thebimetallic plate 45, a second arm inserted in the path of travel of thesection 12a of thearmature 12, and a third arm connected detachably to the breaking mechanism 15. - Advantageously, a
rocking striker 32 is also provided which is journalled on thepin 22 above thedrum 21 and hasopposite ends arm 28, thereby therocking striker 32 will form with the arms 28 a cross-over X-shaped configuration. - The
rocking striker 32 has itsend 33 inserted in the path of travel of the breaker arm-like lug 35 on saidarmature 12 and theopposite end 31 active on thearm 28 of the movingcontact 19 in abutment relationship. - That
same end 33 of therocking striker 32 is active, on account of the thrust force applied to it by thelug 35 on operation of thecoil 9, on thearm 28 of the movingcontact 17. - This concurrent striking effect on the moving
contacts - The switch 1 is also provided with an
indicator device 40 indicating the operational state of the switch. This device comprises a rod 39 pivoted between thedrum 20 and thetoggle mechanism 16 and extending to thekey 3. - To the end of said rod 39, there is attached a
small indicator plate 42 in two colors which can be viewed through a window 41 provided in thecase 2 front above thekey 3. - Thus, automatic operation of the protection switch according to the invention is made easier by the peculiar construction of the moving contact holder assembly arranged to co-operate with the
rocking striker 32. The latter can strike theopposed arms 28 of the respective movingcontacts drum 20 on the occurrence of an automatic switch operation. - The striking effect adds to the elastic pull from the
spring 24, with the result that the speed of relative movement of the fixed and moving contacts away from each other can be higher than that afforded by switches made in accordance with the prior art. - This enables de-ionization chambers and their cells to be provided in uniquely small sizes, such that the remaining parts can find room within the DIN standard module of the switch in a proper structural layout effective to facilitate assembly procedures.
Claims (3)
- An automatic magneto-thermal protection switch (1) having a high breaking capacity and being of a type which comprises a control key (3), a toggle mechanism (16) associated with the key, at least one moving contact (19) supported on an arm (28) operated through said mechanism to rock toward and away from a fixed contact (18) facing a de-ionization chamber (30) and respective cell (29), an amperometric protection solenoid (9) having its moving armature (12) arranged to act on said mechanism, a rocking striker (32) having one side portion in the path of movement of a lug (35) on said armature and another side portion arranged to abut on said moving contact arm (28), to thereby speed up the contact opening movement by the time of automatic operation,
characterized in that it comprises a pair of moving contacts (17,19) in a single-pole configuration with neutral, being mounted on a contact holder assembly (20) consisting of a drum (21) journalled on a pin (22) and peripherally connected to one end of said toggle mechanism (16), said moving contacts (17,19) having their supporting arms (28) jutting out from diametrally opposite sides of said drum (20), and in that said rocking striker (32) is formed and arranged to rotate around said pin (22) and has two opposite ends (31,33) movable around the drum (21) and located each close to a respective one of said moving contact arms (28), said one side portion being a side portion of one of said opposite ends (31,33) and said another side portion being a side portion of each of said opposite ends (31,33). - A switch according to Claim 1, characterized in that each moving contact (17,19) includes a sheet-like annular portion (25) fitting around said pin (22) in a mating seat (26) formed in one face of the drum (21) and being held therein by a spring (27), and an arm portion (28) formed integrally with said annular portion and supporting the corresponding moving contact.
- A switch according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprised an indicator device (40) for indicating the operational state of said switch and being provided with a rod (39) journalled between said drum (20) and the toggle mechanism (16) and extending to said key (3), to the end of said rod there being attached a small indicator plate (42) in two colors which can be viewed through a window (41) provided on the front of the switch case.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT2064289 | 1989-05-25 | ||
IT8920642A IT1230203B (en) | 1989-05-25 | 1989-05-25 | AUTOMATIC SWITCH FOR MAGNETOTHERMAL PROTECTION WITH HIGH INTERRUPTION POWER. |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0399282A2 EP0399282A2 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
EP0399282A3 EP0399282A3 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
EP0399282B1 true EP0399282B1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
Family
ID=11169954
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90108624A Expired - Lifetime EP0399282B1 (en) | 1989-05-25 | 1990-05-08 | An automatic magneto-thermal protection switch having a high breaking capacity |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0399282B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69021931T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2078919T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1230203B (en) |
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Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19819792A1 (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 1999-11-18 | Kopp Heinrich Ag | Multi-contact switch for protecting temperature-sensitive components from overheating |
DE102006004401B3 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-04-05 | Siemens Ag | Contact system for an electrical switch with double contact has connecting springs that are movable by switch shafts to make or break the circuit |
CN101958211B (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2012-12-19 | 上海诺雅克电气有限公司 | Circuit-breaker automatic closing contact device with high breaking capacity |
DE102010019353B3 (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-11-10 | Eaton Industries Gmbh | Power switch e.g. single-pole power switch, has plate spring extending in close proximity to moving contact in plane of motion, where plate spring is formed such that component holds moving contact in separation position |
DE102011086307A1 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electric switch |
JP6364226B2 (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2018-07-25 | 河村電器産業株式会社 | Contact structure in circuit breaker or switch |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2132738B1 (en) * | 1971-07-01 | 1972-07-06 | Ellenberger & Poensgen | Single or multi-pole overcurrent switch with thermal and / or electromagnetic release |
GB2040573A (en) * | 1979-02-07 | 1980-08-28 | Wolff H W | Improvements in electric circuit breakers |
DE8109136U1 (en) * | 1981-03-27 | 1981-09-10 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Circuit breaker |
-
1989
- 1989-05-25 IT IT8920642A patent/IT1230203B/en active
-
1990
- 1990-05-08 ES ES90108624T patent/ES2078919T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-08 DE DE69021931T patent/DE69021931T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-08 EP EP90108624A patent/EP0399282B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2078919T3 (en) | 1996-01-01 |
DE69021931T2 (en) | 1996-04-25 |
IT8920642A0 (en) | 1989-05-25 |
DE69021931D1 (en) | 1995-10-05 |
EP0399282A3 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
IT1230203B (en) | 1991-10-18 |
EP0399282A2 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
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