EP0395580A2 - Process for the preparation of polycyclic compounds - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of polycyclic compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0395580A2 EP0395580A2 EP90810305A EP90810305A EP0395580A2 EP 0395580 A2 EP0395580 A2 EP 0395580A2 EP 90810305 A EP90810305 A EP 90810305A EP 90810305 A EP90810305 A EP 90810305A EP 0395580 A2 EP0395580 A2 EP 0395580A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- salt
- compounds
- compound
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 pivaloyl halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- HJYYPODYNSCCOU-ODRIEIDWSA-N rifamycin SV Chemical compound OC1=C(C(O)=C2C)C3=C(O)C=C1NC(=O)\C(C)=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](OC)\C=C\O[C@@]1(C)OC2=C3C1=O HJYYPODYNSCCOU-ODRIEIDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YQTCQNIPQMJNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-one Chemical group CC(C)(C)[C]=O YQTCQNIPQMJNTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930189077 Rifamycin Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003292 rifamycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006701 (C1-C7) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 15
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 8
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric Acid Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940109171 rifamycin sv Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JVSFQJZRHXAUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropanoyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(Cl)=O JVSFQJZRHXAUGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 3
- BTVYFIMKUHNOBZ-ZDHWWVNNSA-N Rifamycin S Natural products COC1C=COC2(C)Oc3c(C)c(O)c4C(=O)C(=CC(=O)c4c3C2=O)NC(=O)C(=C/C=C/C(C)C(O)C(C)C(O)C(C)C(OC(=O)C)C1C)C BTVYFIMKUHNOBZ-ZDHWWVNNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BTVYFIMKUHNOBZ-ODRIEIDWSA-N Rifamycin S Chemical compound O=C1C(C(O)=C2C)=C3C(=O)C=C1NC(=O)\C(C)=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](OC)\C=C\O[C@@]1(C)OC2=C3C1=O BTVYFIMKUHNOBZ-ODRIEIDWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl Chemical compound C[C]=O TUCNEACPLKLKNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJYYPODYNSCCOU-ZDHWWVNNSA-N Rifamycin SV Natural products COC1C=COC2(C)Oc3c(C)c(O)c4c(O)c(NC(=O)C(=C/C=C/C(C)C(O)C(C)C(O)C(C)C(OC(=O)C)C1C)C)cc(O)c4c3C2=O HJYYPODYNSCCOU-ZDHWWVNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000055 hyoplipidemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000020346 hyperlipoproteinemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFVMEOPYDLEHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-fluorophenyl)-phenylmethanol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(F)C=1C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HFVMEOPYDLEHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Benzenediol Natural products OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QISOBCMNUJQOJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-1h-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=1NN=CC=1Br QISOBCMNUJQOJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003210 Arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010093096 Immobilized Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012345 acetylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000011775 arteriosclerosis disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000687 hydroquinonyl group Chemical group C1(O)=C(C=C(O)C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006501 nitrophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004194 piperazin-1-yl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D498/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
- C07D498/18—Bridged systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to a new production process for polycyclic compounds of the formula and their salts, wherein R1 is hydrogen or trialkylacetyl, R2 is hydrogen or acetyl and R3 is alkyl.
- the compounds of formula I have several centers of chirality, accordingly the present invention also encompasses the corresponding optical isomers, e.g. Diastereoisomers.
- the compounds of the formula I can exist as salts, in particular pharmaceutically usable salts. Since the compounds obtainable according to the invention are basic centers have, they can thus form acid addition salts. These are, for example, with inorganic acids, such as mineral acids, for example sulfuric acid, a phosphoric or hydrohalic acid, or with organic carboxylic acids, such as optionally substituted, for example by halogen, C1-C4alkanecarboxylic acids, for example acetic acid, such as unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example oxalic, Malonic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, phthalic or terephthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example glycolic, lactic, apple, tartaric or citric acid, such as amino acids, for example aspartic or glutamic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids, such as optionally, for example by halogen, substituted C1-C4 alkane or arylsulfonic acids, for example
- Corresponding acid addition salts can also be formed with the additionally available basic center.
- the compounds according to the invention with an acidic phenolic hydroxyl group can form salts with bases, for example alkali metal salts, such as sodium or potassium salts.
- Corresponding internal salts can also be formed.
- Trialkylacetyl means in particular tri-C1-C7-alkylacetyl, preferably tri-C1-C4-alkylacetyl, alkyl in each case having the meaning given below. Pivaloyl comes primarily into consideration.
- Alkyl means in particular C1-C7-alkyl and is e.g. Methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl and also includes corresponding pentyl, hexyl and heptyl radicals.
- C1-C4-alkyl is preferred, but primarily methyl.
- Derivatives derived from rifamycin SV are known to have pronounced antibiotic properties and can be used, for example, to treat tuberculosis. It has been found that the compounds of the formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts do not show any corresponding antibiotic activity in the usual pharmacological test models for testing.
- the compounds according to the invention can be used, for example, as hypolipidemics for the treatment of hyperlipidemias, mainly types IIa and IIb, and atherosclerosis, for example in the presence of hyperlipoproteinemia as a risk factor.
- the compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts e.g. as pharmaceuticals, for example as hypolipidemics for the treatment of hyperlipidemias, mainly types IIa and IIb, and of arteriosclerosis in the presence of hyperlipoproteinemia as a risk factor.
- the invention particularly relates to the preparation of compounds of the formula I and their salts, in which R1 is pivaloyl and R3 is methyl.
- the invention relates in particular to the production method described in the examples.
- the preparation of compounds of the formula I and their salts is characterized in that a compound of the formula wherein R1 is trialkylacetyl, cyclized and, if desired, a process or other available compound of the formula I or a salt thereof converted into another compound of the formula I or a salt thereof, a free process compound of the formula I obtainable in a salt and / or a salt obtainable according to the method is converted into the free compound of the formula I or into another salt.
- Salts of the starting materials of the formula II which have an acidic phenolic hydroxyl group are corresponding salts with bases of the type listed above, while corresponding starting compounds with the basic centers are also corresponding Acid addition salts can form analogously to the acid addition salts of formula I.
- an aqueous acid such as an inorganic or organic acid, e.g. a mineral acid or, advantageously, citric acid
- a water-immiscible solvent such as a chlorinated hydrocarbon,
- R1 stands primarily for pivaloyl.
- the cyclization of compounds of formula II is advantageously carried out with heating, e.g. in a temperature range from about 50 ° C to the boiling temperature of the reaction system, e.g. up to about 180 ° C, in particular in a temperature interval from about 100 ° C to about 170 ° C.
- Those compounds of the formula I in which R1 is hydrogen are preferably obtained and are acylated by treatment with one of the acylating agents listed below, in particular a pivaloyl halide, e.g. -chloride.
- the starting material of formula II can be prepared, for example, by using rifamycin S or 3-halogen, in particular 3-bromrifamycin-S with an amine of the formula implements.
- an excess of amine of the formula IIa is used, for example in a temperature range from about 0 ° to about 100 ° C.
- the invention also relates to the new compounds obtainable by the above process variant.
- a compound of the formula I or a salt thereof obtainable according to the invention or in another manner can be converted into another compound of the formula I in a manner known per se.
- Compounds of formula I, wherein R1 is hydrogen, can be acylated in a manner known per se, for example by reaction with the corresponding carboxylic acid or a reactive derivative thereof.
- Such reactive derivatives are, for example, anhydrides, including mixed anhydrides, such as an acid halide, for example chloride, or anhydrides with a formic acid ester, activated carboxylic acid esters, such as cyanomethyl, (4) nitrophenyl, polyhalogenophenyl, for example pentachlorophenyl or esters.
- the reaction with the carboxylic acid or a salt thereof takes place under water-releasing conditions, for example with azeotropic removal of the water of reaction, or by treatment with a suitable condensing agent, for example N, N'-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide.
- a suitable condensing agent for example N, N'-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide.
- the reaction with a reactive acid derivative is advantageously carried out in the presence of a base.
- the acetyl radical R2 can be introduced into compounds of the formula I in which R2 is hydrogen by treatment with an appropriate acetylating agent, optionally after reversible protection of the OH groups C-21 and C-23.
- the acetyl radical R2 and the acyl radical R1 can be replaced by hydrogen.
- the acyl radical R1 can also be split off selectively in the presence of the acetyl radical R2, for example by treatment with a fluoride, such as alkali metal, e.g. Sodium or cesium fluoride, or an ammonium fluoride, e.g. Tetrabutylammonium fluoride.
- Salts of compounds of the formula (I) can be prepared in a manner known per se.
- acid addition salts of compounds of formula (I) are obtained by treatment with an acid or a suitable ion exchange reagent. Salts can be converted into the free compounds in a conventional manner, acid addition salts e.g. by treating with a suitable basic agent.
- the compounds according to the invention with salt-forming, in particular basic, properties can be obtained in free form or preferably in the form of salts.
- the free compound is also to be understood as meaningful and appropriate, if appropriate, also the corresponding salts or the free compound.
- the new compounds including their salts of salt-forming compounds can also be obtained in the form of their hydrates or include other solvents used for crystallization.
- the new compounds can, depending on the choice of starting materials and procedures, in the form of one of the possible isomers or as mixtures thereof, e.g. depending on the number of asymmetric carbon atoms, as pure optical isomers, such as antipodes, or as isomer mixtures, such as racemates, diastereoisomer mixtures or racemate mixtures.
- Racemic mixtures obtained can be separated into the pure isomers or racemates in a known manner, for example by fractional crystallization, on account of the physicochemical differences in the constituents.
- Racemates obtained can furthermore be broken down into the optical antipodes by known methods, for example by recrystallization from an optically active solvent, chromatography on chiral adsorbents, with the aid of suitable microorganisms, by cleavage with specific, immobilized enzymes, via the formation of inclusion compounds, e.g. using chiral crown ethers, whereby only one enantiomer is complexed, or by conversion into diastereomeric salts, e.g. by reacting a basic end product racemate with an optically active acid such as carboxylic acid e.g. Tartaric or malic acid, or sulfonic acid, e.g.
- an optically active acid such as carboxylic acid e.g. Tartaric or malic acid, or sulfonic acid, e.g.
- Camphorsulfonic acid and separation of the diastereomer mixture thus obtained, e.g. due to their different solubilities, in the diastereomers, from which the desired enantiomer can be released by the action of suitable agents.
- the more effective enantiomer is advantageously isolated.
- the invention also relates to those embodiments of the process according to which one starts from a compound obtainable as an intermediate at any stage of the process and carries out the missing steps or uses a starting material in the form of a derivative or salt and / or its racemates or antipodes or in particular forms under the reaction conditions.
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Abstract
Description
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein neues Herstellungsverfahren für polycyclische Verbindungen der Formel
Die zugrundeliegende Numerierung des Ringsystems entspricht derjenigen, die z.B. im US Patent Nr. 4,005,077 angewandt wurde.The underlying numbering of the ring system corresponds to that, e.g. in U.S. Patent No. 4,005,077.
Die Verbindungen der Formel I und ihre Salze sind in der Europäischen Patentanmeldung mit der Veröffentlichungsnummer 314,624 beschrieben.The compounds of formula I and their salts are described in European patent application publication number 314,624.
Die Verbindungen der Formel I besitzen mehrere Chiralitätszentren, dementsprechend umfasst die vorliegende Erfindung auch die entsprechenden optischen Isomeren, z.B. Diastereoisomeren.The compounds of formula I have several centers of chirality, accordingly the present invention also encompasses the corresponding optical isomers, e.g. Diastereoisomers.
Die Verbindungen der Formel I können als, insbesondere pharmazeutisch verwendbare, Salze vorliegen. Da die erfindungsgemäss erhältlichen Verbindungen basische Zentren aufweisen, können sie somit Säureadditionssalze bilden. Diese werden beispielsweise mit anorganischen Säuren, wie Mineralsäuren, z.B. Schwefelsäure, eine Phosphor- oder Halogenwasserstoffsäure, oder mit organischen Carbonsäuren, wie gegebenenfalls, z.B. durch Halogen, substituierte C₁-C₄-Alkancarbonsäuren, z.B. Essigsäure, wie gegebenenfalls ungesättigte Dicarbonsäuren, z.B. Oxal-, Malon-, Bernstein-, Malein-, Fumar-, Phthal- oder Terephthalsäure, wie Hydroxycarbonsäuren, z.B. Glykol-, Milch-, Aepfel-, Wein- oder Citronensäure, wie Aminosäuren, z.B. Asparagin- oder Glutaminsäure, oder mit organischen Sulfonsäuren, wie gegebenenfalls, z.B. durch Halogen, substituierte C₁-C₄-Alkan- oder Arylsulfonsäuren, z.B. Methan-, Brombenzol- oder Toluolsulfonsäure, gebildet. Entsprechende Säureadditionssalze können auch mit dem zusätzlich vorhandenen basischen Zentrum gebildet werden. Ferner können die erfindungsgemässen Verbindungen mit einer aciden phenolischen Hydroxygruppe Salze mit Basen bilden, z.B. Alkalimetall-, wie Natrium- oder Kaliumsalze. Weiterhin können entsprechende innere Salze gebildet werden.The compounds of the formula I can exist as salts, in particular pharmaceutically usable salts. Since the compounds obtainable according to the invention are basic centers have, they can thus form acid addition salts. These are, for example, with inorganic acids, such as mineral acids, for example sulfuric acid, a phosphoric or hydrohalic acid, or with organic carboxylic acids, such as optionally substituted, for example by halogen, C₁-C₄alkanecarboxylic acids, for example acetic acid, such as unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, for example oxalic, Malonic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, phthalic or terephthalic acid, such as hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example glycolic, lactic, apple, tartaric or citric acid, such as amino acids, for example aspartic or glutamic acid, or with organic sulfonic acids, such as optionally, for example by halogen, substituted C₁-C₄ alkane or arylsulfonic acids, for example methane, bromobenzene or toluenesulfonic acid. Corresponding acid addition salts can also be formed with the additionally available basic center. Furthermore, the compounds according to the invention with an acidic phenolic hydroxyl group can form salts with bases, for example alkali metal salts, such as sodium or potassium salts. Corresponding internal salts can also be formed.
Trialkylacetyl bedeutet insbesondere Tri-C₁-C₇-alkylacetyl, bevorzugt Tri-C₁-C₄-alkylacetyl, wobei Alkyl jeweils die nachstehend angegebene Bedeutung hat. In erster Linie kommt Pivaloyl in Betracht.Trialkylacetyl means in particular tri-C₁-C₇-alkylacetyl, preferably tri-C₁-C₄-alkylacetyl, alkyl in each case having the meaning given below. Pivaloyl comes primarily into consideration.
Alkyl bedeutet insbesondere C₁-C₇-Alkyl und ist z.B. Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, Isopropyl, n-Butyl, Isobutyl, sek.-Butyl, tert.-Butyl und umfasst ferner entsprechende Pentyl-, Hexyl- und Heptylreste. Bevorzugt ist C₁-C₄-Alkyl, in erster Linie jedoch Methyl.Alkyl means in particular C₁-C₇-alkyl and is e.g. Methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl and also includes corresponding pentyl, hexyl and heptyl radicals. C₁-C₄-alkyl is preferred, but primarily methyl.
Von Derivaten, die sich beispielsweise vom Rifamycin SV ableiten, ist bekannt, dass sie ausgeprägte antibiotische Eigenschaften besitzen und beispielsweise zur Behandlung von Tuberkulose eingesetzt werden können. Es wurde festgestellt, dass die Verbindungen der Formel I und ihre pharmazeutisch verwendbaren Salze in den üblichen pharmakologischen Testmodellen zur Prüfung keine entsprechende antibiotische Aktivität zeigen.Derivatives derived from rifamycin SV, for example, are known to have pronounced antibiotic properties and can be used, for example, to treat tuberculosis. It has been found that the compounds of the formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts do not show any corresponding antibiotic activity in the usual pharmacological test models for testing.
Ueberraschenderweise dagegen besitzen sie jedoch eine signifikante lipidsenkende Wirkung, die in Tierversuchen, vorzugsweise an Säugetieren, z.B. an Ratten, nachgewiesen werden kann (vergleiche EP-A-314,624).Surprisingly, however, they have a significant lipid-lowering effect which can be found in animal experiments, preferably on mammals, e.g. on rats, can be detected (compare EP-A-314,624).
Insbesondere dank ihrer LDL-senkenden Wirkung können die erfindungsgemässen Verbindungen z.B. als Hypolipidämika zur Behandlung von Hyperlipidämien, hauptsächlich der Typen IIa und IIb, und Atherosclerose, z.B. bei Vorliegen von Hyperlipoproteinämie als Risikofaktor, verwendet werden.Thanks in particular to their LDL-lowering action, the compounds according to the invention can be used, for example, as hypolipidemics for the treatment of hyperlipidemias, mainly types IIa and IIb, and atherosclerosis, for example in the presence of hyperlipoproteinemia as a risk factor.
Dementsprechend können die Verbindungen der Formel I und ihre pharmazeutisch verwendbaren Salze z.B. als Pharmazeutika, beispielsweise als Hypolipidämika zur Behandlung von Hyperlipidämien, hauptsächlich der Typen IIa und IIb, und von Arteriosklerose bei Vorliegen von Hyperlipoproteinamie als Risikofaktor, verwendet werden.Accordingly, the compounds of formula I and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts e.g. as pharmaceuticals, for example as hypolipidemics for the treatment of hyperlipidemias, mainly types IIa and IIb, and of arteriosclerosis in the presence of hyperlipoproteinemia as a risk factor.
Die Erfindung betrifft insbesondere die Herstellung von Verbindungen der Formel I und ihre Salze, worin R₁ Pivaloyl und R₃ Methyl bedeuten.The invention particularly relates to the preparation of compounds of the formula I and their salts, in which R₁ is pivaloyl and R₃ is methyl.
Die Erfindung betrifft insbesondere die in den Beispielen beschriebene Herstellungsweise.The invention relates in particular to the production method described in the examples.
Die Herstellung von Verbindungen der Formel I und ihrer Salze ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man eine Verbindung der Formel
Salze der Ausgangsmaterialien der Formel II, die eine acide phenolische Hydroxygruppe aufweisen, sind entsprechende Salze mit Basen der vorstehend aufgeführten Art, während entsprechende Ausgangsverbindungen mit den basischen Zentren auch entsprechende Säureadditionssalze analog der Säureadditionssalze der Formel I bilden können.Salts of the starting materials of the formula II which have an acidic phenolic hydroxyl group are corresponding salts with bases of the type listed above, while corresponding starting compounds with the basic centers are also corresponding Acid addition salts can form analogously to the acid addition salts of formula I.
Die vor- und nachstehend beschriebenen Umsetzungen werden in an sich bekannter Weise durchgeführt, z.B. in Ab- oder üblicher Weise in Anwesenheit eines geeigneten Lösungs- oder Verdünnungsmittels oder eines Gemisches derselben, wobei man, falls erforderlich, in einem geschlossenen Gefäss, unter Druck, in einer Inertgasatmosphäre und/oder unter wasserfreien Bedingungen arbeitet.The reactions described above and below are carried out in a manner known per se, e.g. in an off or customary manner in the presence of a suitable solvent or diluent or a mixture thereof, if necessary working in a closed vessel, under pressure, in an inert gas atmosphere and / or under anhydrous conditions.
Die Aufarbeitung des Reaktionsproduktes und Isolierung aus dem verfahrensgemäss erhältlichen Reaktionsgemisch erfolgt in an sich bekannter Weise, z.B. durch Verdünnen mit Wasser, und/oder gegebenenfalls durch Neutralisieren oder leichtes Ansäuern (bis etwa pH = 3) mit einer wässrigen Säure, wie einer anorganischen oder organischen Säure, z.B. einer Mineralsäure oder, vorteilhafterweise, Zitronensäure, und Zugabe eines mit Wasser nicht-mischbaren Lösungsmittels, wie eines chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoffs, z.B. Chloroform oder Methylenchlorid, wobei das Reaktionsprodukt in die organische Phase übergeht, aus welcher es in üblicher Weise, z.B. durch Trocknen, Eindampfen des Lösungsmittels und Kristallisation und/oder Chromatographie des Rückstandes oder andere übliche Reinigungsmethoden in gereinigter Form erhalten werden kann.The reaction product is worked up and isolated from the reaction mixture obtainable according to the process in a manner known per se, e.g. by dilution with water and / or optionally by neutralization or slight acidification (up to about pH = 3) with an aqueous acid, such as an inorganic or organic acid, e.g. a mineral acid or, advantageously, citric acid, and adding a water-immiscible solvent such as a chlorinated hydrocarbon, e.g. Chloroform or methylene chloride, the reaction product passing into the organic phase, from which it is produced in a conventional manner, e.g. can be obtained by drying, evaporation of the solvent and crystallization and / or chromatography of the residue or other conventional cleaning methods in a purified form.
R₁ steht in erster Linie für Pivaloyl.R₁ stands primarily for pivaloyl.
Die Cyclisierung von Verbindungen der Formel II erfolgt vorteilhaft unter Erwärmen, z.B. in einem Temperaturbereich von etwa 50°C bis zur Siedetemperatur des Reaktionssystems, z.B. bis etwa 180°C, insbesondere in einem Temperaturintervall von etwa 100°C bis etwa 170°C.The cyclization of compounds of formula II is advantageously carried out with heating, e.g. in a temperature range from about 50 ° C to the boiling temperature of the reaction system, e.g. up to about 180 ° C, in particular in a temperature interval from about 100 ° C to about 170 ° C.
Vorzugsweise erhält man solche Verbindungen der Formel I, worin R₁ Wasserstoff ist, und acyliert diese durch Behandeln mit einem der nachstehend aufgeführten Acylierungsmittel, insbesondere einem Pivaloylhalogenid, z.B. -chlorid.Those compounds of the formula I in which R₁ is hydrogen are preferably obtained and are acylated by treatment with one of the acylating agents listed below, in particular a pivaloyl halide, e.g. -chloride.
Das Ausgangsmaterial der Formel II kann man beispielsweise herstellen, indem man Rifamycin S oder 3-Halogen-, insbesondere 3-Bromrifamycin-S mit einem Amin der Formel
Die Erfindung betrifft ebenfalls die nach der vorstehenden Verfahrensvariante erhältlichen neuen Verbindungen.The invention also relates to the new compounds obtainable by the above process variant.
Eine erfindungsgemäss oder auf andere Weise erhältliche Verbindung der Formel I oder Salz davon kann in an sich bekannter Weise in eine andere Verbindung der Formel I übergeführt werden.A compound of the formula I or a salt thereof obtainable according to the invention or in another manner can be converted into another compound of the formula I in a manner known per se.
Verbindungen der Formel I, worin R₁ Wasserstoff ist, können in an sich bekannter Weise acyliert werden, beispielsweise durch Umsetzung mit der entsprechenden Carbonsäure oder einem reaktionsfähigen Derivat davon. Derartige reaktionsfähige Derivate sind beispielsweise Anhydride, inklusive gemischte Anhydride, wie ein Säurehalogenid, z.B. -chlorid, oder Anhydride mit einem Ameisensäureester, aktivierte Carbonsäureester, wie Cyanmethyl-, (4-)Nitrophenyl-, Polyhalogenphenyl-, z.B. Pentachlorphenyl-, -ester. Die Umsetzung mit der Carbonsäure oder einem Salz davon erfolgt unter wasserabspaltenden Bedingungen, z.B. unter azeotroper Entfernung des Reaktionswassers, oder durch Behandeln mit einem geeigneten Kondensationsmittel, z.B. N,N′-Dicyclohexyl-carbodiimid. Die Umsetzung mit einem reaktionsfähigen Säurederivat wird vorteilhaft in Gegenwart einer Base durchgeführt. Entsprechend kann durch Behandeln mit einem entsprechenden Acetylierungsmittel der Acetylrest R₂ in Verbindungen der Formel I, worin R₂ Wasserstoff ist, eingeführt werden, gegebenenfalls nach reversiblem Schutz der OH-Gruppen an C-21 und C-23.Compounds of formula I, wherein R₁ is hydrogen, can be acylated in a manner known per se, for example by reaction with the corresponding carboxylic acid or a reactive derivative thereof. Such reactive derivatives are, for example, anhydrides, including mixed anhydrides, such as an acid halide, for example chloride, or anhydrides with a formic acid ester, activated carboxylic acid esters, such as cyanomethyl, (4) nitrophenyl, polyhalogenophenyl, for example pentachlorophenyl or esters. The reaction with the carboxylic acid or a salt thereof takes place under water-releasing conditions, for example with azeotropic removal of the water of reaction, or by treatment with a suitable condensing agent, for example N, N'-dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide. The reaction with a reactive acid derivative is advantageously carried out in the presence of a base. Accordingly, the acetyl radical R₂ can be introduced into compounds of the formula I in which R₂ is hydrogen by treatment with an appropriate acetylating agent, optionally after reversible protection of the OH groups C-21 and C-23.
Durch Behandeln mit starken Basen, wie Alkalimetallhydroxiden, können der Acetylrest R₂ und der Acylrest R₁ durch Wasserstoff ersetzt werden. Der Acylrest R₁ kann auch in Gegenwart des Acetylrests R₂ selektiv abgespalten werden, beispielsweise durch Behandeln mit einem Fluorid, wie Alkalimetall-, z.B. Natrium- oder Cäsiumfluorid, oder einem Ammoniumfluorid, z.B. Tetrabutylammoniumfluorid.By treating with strong bases, such as alkali metal hydroxides, the acetyl radical R₂ and the acyl radical R₁ can be replaced by hydrogen. The acyl radical R₁ can also be split off selectively in the presence of the acetyl radical R₂, for example by treatment with a fluoride, such as alkali metal, e.g. Sodium or cesium fluoride, or an ammonium fluoride, e.g. Tetrabutylammonium fluoride.
Salze von Verbindungen der Formel (I) können in an sich bekannter Weise hergestellt werden. So erhält man beispielsweise Säureadditionssalze von Verbindungen der Formel (I) durch Behandeln mit einer Säure oder einem geeigneten Ionenaustauscherreagenz. Salze können in üblicher Weise in die freien Verbindungen überführt werden, Säureadditionssalze z.B. durch Behandeln mit einem geeigneten basischen Mittel.Salts of compounds of the formula (I) can be prepared in a manner known per se. For example, acid addition salts of compounds of formula (I) are obtained by treatment with an acid or a suitable ion exchange reagent. Salts can be converted into the free compounds in a conventional manner, acid addition salts e.g. by treating with a suitable basic agent.
Je nach Verfahrensweise bzw. Reaktionsbedingungen können die erfindungsgemässen Verbindungen mit salzbildenden, insbesondere basischen Eigenschaften, in freier Form oder bevorzugt in Form von Salzen erhalten werden.Depending on the procedure or reaction conditions, the compounds according to the invention with salt-forming, in particular basic, properties can be obtained in free form or preferably in the form of salts.
Infolge der engen Beziehung zwischen der neuen Verbindung in freier Form und in Form ihrer Salze sind im Vorausgegangenen und nachfolgend unter der freien Verbindung sinn- und zweckgemäss gegebenenfalls auch die entsprechenden Salze bzw. die freie Verbindung zu verstehen.As a result of the close relationship between the new compound in free form and in the form of its salts, in the preceding and the following, the free compound is also to be understood as meaningful and appropriate, if appropriate, also the corresponding salts or the free compound.
Die neuen Verbindungen einschliesslich ihrer Salze von salzbildenden Verbindungen können auch in Form ihrer Hydrate erhalten werden oder andere zur Kristallisation verwendete Lösungsmittel einschliessen.The new compounds including their salts of salt-forming compounds can also be obtained in the form of their hydrates or include other solvents used for crystallization.
Die neuen Verbindungen können, je nach der Wahl der Ausgangsstoffe und Arbeitsweisen, in Form eines der möglichen Isomeren oder als Gemische derselben, z.B. je nach der Anzahl der asymmetrischen Kohlenstoffatome, als reine optische Isomere, wie Antipoden, oder als Isomerengemische, wie Racemate, Diastereoisomerengemische oder Racematgemische, vorliegen.The new compounds can, depending on the choice of starting materials and procedures, in the form of one of the possible isomers or as mixtures thereof, e.g. depending on the number of asymmetric carbon atoms, as pure optical isomers, such as antipodes, or as isomer mixtures, such as racemates, diastereoisomer mixtures or racemate mixtures.
Erhaltene Racematgemische können auf Grund der physikalisch-chemischen Unterschiede der Bestandteile in bekannter Weise in die reinen Isomeren oder Racemate getrennt aufgetrennt werden, beispielsweise durch fraktionierte Kristallisation.Racemic mixtures obtained can be separated into the pure isomers or racemates in a known manner, for example by fractional crystallization, on account of the physicochemical differences in the constituents.
Erhaltene Racemate lassen sich ferner nach bekannten Methoden in die optischen Antipoden zerlegen, beispielsweise durch Umkristallisation aus einem optisch aktiven Lösungsmittel, Chromatographie an chiralen Adsorbentien, mit Hilfe von geeigneten Mikroorganismen, durch Spaltung mit spezifischen, immobilisierten Enzymen, über die Bildung von Einschlussverbindungen, z.B. unter Verwendung chiraler Kronenether, wobei nur ein Enantiomeres komplexiert wird, oder durch Ueberführung in diastereomere Salze, z.B. durch Umsetzung eines basischen Endstoffracemats mit einer optisch aktiven Säure, wie Carbonsäure, z.B. Wein- oder Aepfelsäure, oder Sulfonsäure, z.B. Camphersulfonsäure, und Trennung des auf diese Weise erhaltenen Diastereomerengemisches, z.B. auf Grund ihrer verschiedenen Löslichkeiten, in die Diastereomeren, aus denen das gewünschte Enantiomere durch Einwirkung geeigneter Mittel freigesetzt werden kann. Vorteilhaft isoliert man das wirksamere Enantiomere.Racemates obtained can furthermore be broken down into the optical antipodes by known methods, for example by recrystallization from an optically active solvent, chromatography on chiral adsorbents, with the aid of suitable microorganisms, by cleavage with specific, immobilized enzymes, via the formation of inclusion compounds, e.g. using chiral crown ethers, whereby only one enantiomer is complexed, or by conversion into diastereomeric salts, e.g. by reacting a basic end product racemate with an optically active acid such as carboxylic acid e.g. Tartaric or malic acid, or sulfonic acid, e.g. Camphorsulfonic acid, and separation of the diastereomer mixture thus obtained, e.g. due to their different solubilities, in the diastereomers, from which the desired enantiomer can be released by the action of suitable agents. The more effective enantiomer is advantageously isolated.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch diejenigen Ausführungsformen des Verfahrens, nach denen man von einer auf irgendeiner Stufe des Verfahrens als Zwischenprodukt erhältlichen Verbindung ausgeht und die fehlenden Schritte durchführt oder einen Ausgangsstoff in Form eines Derivates bzw. Salzes und/oder seiner Racemate bzw. Antipoden verwendet oder insbesondere unter den Reaktionsbedingungen bildet.The invention also relates to those embodiments of the process according to which one starts from a compound obtainable as an intermediate at any stage of the process and carries out the missing steps or uses a starting material in the form of a derivative or salt and / or its racemates or antipodes or in particular forms under the reaction conditions.
Beim Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung werden vorzugsweise solche Ausgangsstoffe verwendet, welche zu den eingangs als besonders wertvoll geschilderten Verbindungen führen. Die neuen Ausgangsstoffe, die speziell für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemässen Verbindungen entwickelt wurden, insbesondere neue Verbindungen der Formel II, ihre Verwendung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung bilden ebenfalls einen Gegenstand der Erfindung, wobei die Variablen R₁, R₂ und R₃ die für die jeweils bevorzugten Verbindungsgruppen der Formel I davon angegebenen Bedeutungen haben.In the process of the present invention, preference is given to using those starting materials which lead to the compounds described at the outset as being particularly valuable. The new starting materials, which were specially developed for the preparation of the compounds according to the invention, in particular new compounds of the formula II, their use and process for their preparation also form a subject of the invention, the variables R₁, R₂ and R₃ being those for the respectively preferred connecting groups of formula I have the meanings given.
Das nachfolgende Beispiel illustriert die vorstehend beschriebene Erfindung; es soll diese jedoch in ihrem Umfang nicht einschränken. Temperaturen sind in Celsiusgraden angegeben.The following example illustrates the invention described above; however, it is not intended to limit their scope. Temperatures are given in degrees Celsius.
Eine 10%ige Lösung von frisch hergestelltem 8-O-Pivaloyl-3-[4-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl)-1-piperazinyl]-rifamycin-SV in Toluol wird im Druckgefäss während 15 Minuten auf 170°C erhitzt. Dann wird das Toluol verdampft. Das zurückbleibende Material kristallisiert aus Methanol/Wasser. Die nach zweimaliger Kristallisation erhal tenen Kristalle vom Smp. 175° stellen das 1-Desoxy-15-desoxo-1,15-oxy-3-[4-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl)-1-piperazinyl]-rifamycin der Formel I dar, worin R₁ Wasserstoff bedeutet, R₂ Acetyl bedeutet und R₃ Methyl bedeutet.
Das Ausgangsmaterial kann beispielsweise folgendermassen hergestellt werden:
- a) Eine Lösung von 10 g 3-[4-(2,4,6-Trimethylbenzyl)-1-piperazinyl]-rifamycin-S in 100 ml Pyridin wird unter Rühren tropfenweise mit 1,5 g Pivalinsäurechlorid (1,13 Aequiv.) versetzt und bei 20° während 10 Minuten reagieren gelassen. Anschliessend setzt man dem Reaktionsgemisch 10 ml Methanol zu und rührt noch 1 Stunde weiter. Dann wird im Vakuum zur Trockne eingedampft, der Rückstand in Essigester gelöst, die Essigesterlösung mit wässriger Natriumbicarbonatlösung und gesättigter Kochsalzlösung gewaschen, über Na₂SO₄ getrocknet und eingedampft. Es bleibt 8-0-Pivaloyl-3-[4-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl)-1-piperazinyl)-rifamycin-S zurück, das aus Aether blauschwarze Kristalle vom Smp. 191-93° (Z) bildet (Sintern bei etwa 162°, sowie wiederum bei etwa 175°).
- b) Das erhaltene Chinon wird in Tetrahydrofuran gelöst und der Lösung unter gutem Rühren ein Ueberschuss Zinkstaub und tropfenweise solange 1 N Salzsäure zugesetzt, bis das Reaktionsgemisch eine gelbe Farbe angenommen hat. Nun filtriert man das Reaktionsgemisch, wäscht die Tetrahydrofuranlösung zweimal mit gesättigter Kochsalzlösung, trocknet sie mit Natriumsulfat und dampft im Vakuum rasch bei niedriger Temperatur ein. Der gelbe Rückstand besteht aus 8-0-Pivaloyl-3-[4-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl)-1-pipera zinyl]-rifamycin-SV, welches in dieser Form direkt für die Ringschlussreaktion eingesetzt werden kann. Das Material kristallisiert aus Aether in orangegelben Kristallen, die bei etwa 165° unter Zersetzung schmelzen.
- a) A solution of 10 g of 3- [4- (2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl) -1-piperazinyl] rifamycin-S in 100 ml of pyridine is stirred dropwise with 1.5 g of pivaloyl chloride (1.13 equiv. ) and reacted at 20 ° for 10 minutes. 10 ml of methanol are then added to the reaction mixture and stirring is continued for 1 hour. Then it is evaporated to dryness in vacuo, the residue is dissolved in ethyl acetate, the ethyl acetate solution is washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated sodium chloride solution, dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. There remains 8-0-pivaloyl-3- [4- (2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl) -1-piperazinyl) rifamycin-S, which forms blue-black crystals of mp 191-93 ° (Z) from ether. Sintering at about 162 °, and again at about 175 °).
- b) The quinone obtained is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran and, with thorough stirring, an excess of zinc dust and 1N hydrochloric acid are added dropwise until the reaction mixture has turned yellow. Now the reaction mixture is filtered, the tetrahydrofuran solution is washed twice with saturated sodium chloride solution, dried with sodium sulfate and evaporated rapidly in vacuo at low temperature. The yellow residue consists of 8-0-pivaloyl-3- [4- (2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl) -1-pipera zinyl] -rifamycin-SV, which in this form can be used directly for the ring closure reaction. The material crystallizes from ether in orange-yellow crystals, which melt at about 165 ° with decomposition.
Eine Lösung von 10 g 1-Desoxy-15-desoxo-1,15-oxy-3-[4-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl)-1-piperazinyl]-rifamycin in 100 ml Pyridin wird unter Rühren tropfenweise mit 1,5 g Pivalinsäurechlorid versetzt und bei 20° während 10 Minuten reagieren gelassen. Anschliessend setzt man dem Reaktionsgemisch 10 ml Methanol zu und rührt noch 1 Stunde weiter. Dann wird im Vakuum zur Trockne eingedampft, der Rückstand in Essigester gelöst, die Essigesterlösung mit wässriger Natriumbicarbonatlösung und gesättigter Kochsalzlösung gewaschen, über Na₂SO₄ getrocknet und eingedampft. Man erhält so das 8-O-Pivaloyl-1-desoxy-15-desoxo-1,15-oxy-3-[4-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-rifamycin der Formel I, worin R₁ Pivaloyl bedeutet, R₂ Acetyl ist und R₃ Wasserstoff ist vom Smp. 160-165°.A solution of 10 g of 1-deoxy-15-deoxo-1,15-oxy-3- [4- (2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl) -1-piperazinyl] rifamycin in 100 ml of pyridine is added dropwise with 1 , 5 g of pivalic acid chloride and allowed to react at 20 ° for 10 minutes. 10 ml of methanol are then added to the reaction mixture and stirring is continued for 1 hour. Then it is evaporated to dryness in vacuo, the residue is dissolved in ethyl acetate, the ethyl acetate solution is washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and saturated sodium chloride solution, dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The 8-O-pivaloyl-1-deoxy-15-deoxo-1,15-oxy-3- [4- (2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl) piperazin-1-yl] rifamycin of the formula I is thus obtained , wherein R₁ is pivaloyl, R₂ is acetyl and R₃ is hydrogen of mp. 160-165 °.
Claims (11)
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EP (1) | EP0395580A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02304090A (en) |
DD (1) | DD293828A5 (en) |
FI (1) | FI902025A0 (en) |
HU (2) | HU204835B (en) |
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US5180718A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1993-01-19 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Acyl derivatives of oxazolorifamycins |
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HU203893B (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1991-10-28 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for producing substituted 3-piperazinyl-1-deoxy-15-deoxo-1,15-epoxy- -rifamycin derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
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WO1987002361A1 (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1987-04-23 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Substituted 4-benzyl-piperazinyl compounds |
EP0314624A1 (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1989-05-03 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Substituted azacyclohexyl derivatives |
EP0350445A1 (en) * | 1988-06-30 | 1990-01-10 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Substituted azacyclohexyl derivatives |
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- 1990-04-25 HU HU902566A patent/HU902566D0/en unknown
- 1990-04-25 JP JP2107699A patent/JPH02304090A/en active Pending
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WO1987002361A1 (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1987-04-23 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Substituted 4-benzyl-piperazinyl compounds |
EP0314624A1 (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1989-05-03 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Substituted azacyclohexyl derivatives |
EP0350445A1 (en) * | 1988-06-30 | 1990-01-10 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Substituted azacyclohexyl derivatives |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN, Band 33, Nr. 5, Mai 1985, Seiten 2133-2136, Tokyo, JP; M. TAGUCHI et al.: "Chemical modification of the amide group of rifamycin S" * |
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US5180718A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1993-01-19 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Acyl derivatives of oxazolorifamycins |
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PT93858A (en) | 1990-11-20 |
NO901834L (en) | 1990-10-29 |
HU902566D0 (en) | 1990-08-28 |
EP0395580A3 (en) | 1991-10-23 |
HU204835B (en) | 1992-02-28 |
FI902025A0 (en) | 1990-04-23 |
US5053510A (en) | 1991-10-01 |
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