EP0395512A1 - Ignition coil, particularly for internal combustion engines for motor vehicles, and means for securing the primary and secondary assemblies - Google Patents

Ignition coil, particularly for internal combustion engines for motor vehicles, and means for securing the primary and secondary assemblies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0395512A1
EP0395512A1 EP90401129A EP90401129A EP0395512A1 EP 0395512 A1 EP0395512 A1 EP 0395512A1 EP 90401129 A EP90401129 A EP 90401129A EP 90401129 A EP90401129 A EP 90401129A EP 0395512 A1 EP0395512 A1 EP 0395512A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
primary
coil
assembly
ignition coil
internal combustion
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Granted
Application number
EP90401129A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0395512B1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Vialaneix
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Sagem SA
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Sagem Allumage SA
Valeo Electronique SA
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Publication of EP0395512A1 publication Critical patent/EP0395512A1/en
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Publication of EP0395512B1 publication Critical patent/EP0395512B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/12Ignition, e.g. for IC engines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00Coils
    • H01F5/02Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00Coils
    • H01F5/02Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • H01F2005/022Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers wound on formers with several winding chambers separated by flanges, e.g. for high voltage applications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00Coils
    • H01F5/02Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • H01F2005/025Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers wound on coaxial arrangement of two or more formers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in particular to an ignition coil, in particular for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • Such a coil generally comprises at least one magnetic assembly of the closed circuit type, each comprising a central magnetic core around which two coils of plastic material carrying the primary and secondary windings are arranged coaxially, this assembly being integrated in an overmolded housing.
  • a magnetic flux return circuit which constitutes the metal frame thereof. Synthetic resin, poured inside the housing secures and electrically insulates between them the various elements constituting the ignition coil.
  • the assembly of the primary assembly in the secondary assembly must be carried out in a precise manner so that the spacings in all directions between primary and secondary are perfectly dimensioned.
  • Another problem to be resolved is to keep the primary assembly in place in the secondary so that, when the resin is injected into the housing, the primary assembly retains its position relative to the secondary assembly.
  • the present invention solves these problems.
  • the ignition coil, object of the invention comprising at least one magnetic assembly each comprising a central magnetic core around which are coaxially arranged two primary and secondary coils carrying the primary and secondary windings respectively, holding means capable of positioning and fix the primary winding in the secondary winding, is characterized in that the holding means consist of redents formed of material inside the secondary winding cooperating with one of the end flanges of the primary winding.
  • these holding means are associated with complementary means comprising bosses formed of material on the other flange of the primary winding cooperating with notches provided on an end flange of the secondary winding.
  • FIG. 1 represents an exploded view of the various elements of an ignition coil 1 for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • Each magnetic circuit is closed and has a primary winding 2 wound around a reel 3.
  • a central magnetic core 4 of rectangular outline and generally composed of cut and laminated magnetic sheets is housed inside the reel 3.
  • the secondary assembly S is held in lift on and around the primary assembly P.
  • each of these terminals is intended to be connected in a conventional manner, by an appropriate cable, to a spark plug associated with each cylinder of the engine.
  • Each high-voltage terminal B1, B2, B3, B4 comprises a high-voltage pad 30 which is fixed by screwing in a connection plate 28, previously inserted in a groove 26 of the coil 5. On one end of this connecting plate 28, the end of the secondary winding is welded.
  • the low-voltage connection is effected by a connection assembly consisting of a precut connection bar 61 which is inserted into a connector 60.
  • the primary P and secondary S assemblies being assembled one inside the other, the two magnetic circuits M1 and M2 thus formed are introduced into the housing 7 of a housing 8 made of insulating material.
  • a magnetic flux return circuit 9 the general U shape of which can be seen, consisting of cut and laminated magnetic sheets, is incorporated by molding in the housing 8.
  • the magnetic flux return circuits 9 constitute the metal frame of the housing 8.
  • FIG. 3 showing the secondary assembly S which consists of the coil 5 made by molding plastic material having at each of its ends a flange 20,21 and over the entire outer periphery of the tubular means constituting the secondary coil 5, a plurality of discs 22 compartmentalizing said spool.
  • Two wires, wound on the spool 5, constitute the secondary windings 6.
  • the discs 22 make it possible to maintain the wires constituting the windings 6 stacked over a large thickness.
  • the secondary winding 5 comprises a tubular housing 56 intended to receive the primary assembly P.
  • each primary assembly P has been shown ready to be assembled with the corresponding secondary assembly S by entering them in the direction indicated by the arrows F1, F2.
  • Each primary coil 3 has two end flanges 40,41.
  • flange 40 on the flange 40 are provided in material complementary means comprising two bosses 50, 52 of generally rectangular shape, a lateral part 52 protruding from each of the vertical walls of the flange 40.
  • the walls of the flange 41 of the primary coil 3 cooperate with the walls of the housing 56, then pass through the redents 57 , 58 thanks to their elasticity, immobilizing in translation the primary assembly P.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Ignition coil comprising at least one magnetic assembly (M1, M2), each including a central magnetic core (4) around which are coaxially disposed two coil-frames, primary (3) and secondary (5), respectively carrying the primary (2) and secondary (6) windings, securing means able to position and fix the primary coil-frame (3) inside the secondary coil-frame (5), characterised in that the securing means consist of material ledges (57, 58) made in a tubular housing (56) of the secondary coil-frame (5) cooperating with one of the end flanges (41) of the primary coil-frame (3). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne notamment une bobine d'allumage, en particulier pour moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile.The present invention relates in particular to an ignition coil, in particular for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.

Une telle bobine comporte, en général, au moins un ensemble magnétique du type à circuit fermé, comprenant chacun un noyau magnétique central autour duquel sont disposés coaxialement deux bobineaux de matière plastique portant les enroulements primaire et secondaire, cet ensemble étant intégré dans un boîtier surmoulé en matière plastique, un circuit magnétique de retour de flux qui constitue l'armature métallique de celui-ci. De la résine synthétique, coulée à l'intérieur du boîtier solidarise et isole électriquement entre eux les différents éléments constituant la bobine d'allumage.Such a coil generally comprises at least one magnetic assembly of the closed circuit type, each comprising a central magnetic core around which two coils of plastic material carrying the primary and secondary windings are arranged coaxially, this assembly being integrated in an overmolded housing. made of plastic, a magnetic flux return circuit which constitutes the metal frame thereof. Synthetic resin, poured inside the housing secures and electrically insulates between them the various elements constituting the ignition coil.

On sait, dans de telles bobines d'allumage, que le circuit secondaire fournissant une tension électrique très élevée, il s'avère nécessaire de ménager un espace suffisant entre l'enroulement secondaire et toute autre masse métallique, ceci pour constituer des lignes de cheminement haute-tension maximum afin d'éviter la formation d'un arc électrique entre ledit enroulement secondaire et toute autre masse métallique.It is known, in such ignition coils, that the secondary circuit supplying a very high electric voltage, it turns out to be necessary to provide a sufficient space between the secondary winding and any other metallic mass, this to constitute path lines. maximum high-voltage in order to avoid the formation of an electric arc between said secondary winding and any other metallic mass.

Ceci est un problème d'autant plus difficile à résoudre que, dans les bobines d'allumage actuelles, les enroulements primaire et secondaire sont placés coaxialement sur le noyau magnétique central.This is a problem all the more difficult to solve since, in current ignition coils, the primary and secondary windings are placed coaxially on the central magnetic core.

Ainsi, lors de l'assemblage de la bobine, le montage de l'ensemble primaire dans l'ensemble secondaire doit s'effectuer de manière précise afin que les espacements dans toutes les directions entre primaire et secondaire soient parfaitement dimensionnés.Thus, during assembly of the coil, the assembly of the primary assembly in the secondary assembly must be carried out in a precise manner so that the spacings in all directions between primary and secondary are perfectly dimensioned.

Un autre problème à résoudre est de maintenir en place l'ensemble primaire dans le secondaire de manière à ce que, lors de l'injection de la résine dans le boîtier, l'ensemble primaire garde sa position par rapport à l'ensemble secondaire.Another problem to be resolved is to keep the primary assembly in place in the secondary so that, when the resin is injected into the housing, the primary assembly retains its position relative to the secondary assembly.

Enfin, le montage et la fixation de l'ensemble primaire doit se faire de manière aussi simple que possible de manière à satisfaire aux conditions économiques que nécessite la fabrication en grande série de telles bobines.Finally, the mounting and fixing of the primary assembly must be made as simple as possible so as to meet the economic conditions required by the mass production of such coils.

La présente invention permet de résoudre ces problèmes.The present invention solves these problems.

La bobine d'allumage, objet de l'invention, comportant au moins un ensemble magnétique comprenant chacun un noyau magnétique central autour duquel sont disposés coaxialement deux bobineaux primaire et secondaire portant respectivement les enroulements primaire et secondaire, des moyens de maintien aptes à positionner et fixer le bobineau primaire dans le bobineau secondaire, est caractérisée en ce que les moyens de maintien sont constitués de redents ménagés de matière à l'intérieur du bobineau secondaire coopérant avec l'un des flasques d'extrémité du bobineau primaire.The ignition coil, object of the invention, comprising at least one magnetic assembly each comprising a central magnetic core around which are coaxially arranged two primary and secondary coils carrying the primary and secondary windings respectively, holding means capable of positioning and fix the primary winding in the secondary winding, is characterized in that the holding means consist of redents formed of material inside the secondary winding cooperating with one of the end flanges of the primary winding.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, ces moyens de maintien sont associés à des moyens complémentaires comprenant des bossages ménagés de matière sur l'autre flasque du bobineau primaire coopérant avec des encoches prévues sur un flasque d'extrémité du bobineau secondaire.According to another aspect of the invention, these holding means are associated with complementary means comprising bosses formed of material on the other flange of the primary winding cooperating with notches provided on an end flange of the secondary winding.

La description qui va suivre, en regard des dessins annexés, fera mieux comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée.The description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, will make it easier to understand how the invention can be implemented.

Il est à noter que ceux-ci décrivent et illustrent l'invention dans le cadre particulier d'une bobine multiple d'allumage comportant deux ensembles magnétiques du type décrit ci-dessus, mais l'objet de l'invention peut parfaitement s'appliquer à une bobine d'allumage par exemple du type monosortie ne comportant qu'un ensemble magnétique.

  • - La figure 1 est une vue éclatée des différents constituants composant une bobine double d'allumage selon l'invention.
  • - La figure 2 est une vue éclatée à plus grande échelle des deux ensembles magnétiques avant leur assemblage.
  • - La figure 3 est une vue en perspective à plus grande échelle de l'ensemble secondaire.
It should be noted that these describe and illustrate the invention in the specific context of a multiple ignition coil comprising two magnetic assemblies of the type described above, but the object of the invention can be perfectly applied. to an ignition coil for example of the single-output type comprising only one magnetic assembly.
  • - Figure 1 is an exploded view of the various components of a double ignition coil according to the invention.
  • - Figure 2 is an exploded view on a larger scale of the two magnetic assemblies before their assembly.
  • - Figure 3 is a perspective view on a larger scale of the secondary assembly.

La figure 1 représente une vue éclatée des différents éléments d'une bobine d'allumage 1 pour moteur à combustion interne de véhicule automobile.FIG. 1 represents an exploded view of the various elements of an ignition coil 1 for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.

Il s'agit, dans l'exemple représenté, d'une bobine permettant d'alimenter les 4 bougies correspondant aux 4 cylindres du moteur.It is, in the example shown, a coil for supplying the 4 spark plugs corresponding to the 4 cylinders of the engine.

C'est donc une bobine double comprenant deux circuits magnétiques séparés identiques M1 et M2.It is therefore a double coil comprising two identical separate magnetic circuits M1 and M2.

Chaque circuit magnétique est fermé et comporte un enroulement primaire 2 bobiné autour d'un bobineau 3. Un noyau central magnétique 4 de contour rectangulaire et composé généralement de tôles magnétiques découpées et feuilletées est logé à l'intérieur du bobineau 3.Each magnetic circuit is closed and has a primary winding 2 wound around a reel 3. A central magnetic core 4 of rectangular outline and generally composed of cut and laminated magnetic sheets is housed inside the reel 3.

Autour de cet ensemble, que nous appellerons ensemble primaire P, est disposé un bobineau 5 autour duquel est bobiné un enroulement secondaire 6, et que nous appellerons ensemble secondaire S.Around this assembly, which we will call primary assembly P, is disposed a coil 5 around which is wound a secondary winding 6, and which we will call secondary assembly S.

L'ensemble secondaire S est maintenu en sustentation sur et autour de l'ensemble primaire P.The secondary assembly S is held in lift on and around the primary assembly P.

Sur les ensembles secondaires S sont disposées 4 bornes de sortie B1,B2,B3,B4. Chacune de ces bornes est destinée à être reliée de manière classique, par un câble approprié, à une bougie d'allumage associée à chaque cylindre du moteur.On the secondary assemblies S are arranged 4 output terminals B1, B2, B3, B4. Each of these terminals is intended to be connected in a conventional manner, by an appropriate cable, to a spark plug associated with each cylinder of the engine.

Chaque borne haute-tension B1,B2,B3,B4 comporte un plot haute-tension 30 venant se fixer par vissage dans une plaquette de liaison 28, préalablement insérée dans une rainure 26 du bobineau 5. Sur une extrémité de cette plaquette de liaison 28, on vient souder l'extrémité du bobinage secondaire. La liaison basse-tension s'effectue par un ensemble de connexion constitué d'une barrette de liaison 61 prédécoupée que l'on insère dans un connecteur 60.Each high-voltage terminal B1, B2, B3, B4 comprises a high-voltage pad 30 which is fixed by screwing in a connection plate 28, previously inserted in a groove 26 of the coil 5. On one end of this connecting plate 28, the end of the secondary winding is welded. The low-voltage connection is effected by a connection assembly consisting of a precut connection bar 61 which is inserted into a connector 60.

Les ensembles primaire P et secondaire S étant assemblés les uns dans les autres, les deux circuits magnétiques M1 et M2 ainsi constitués sont introduits dans le logement 7 d'un boîtier 8 réalisé en matière isolante.The primary P and secondary S assemblies being assembled one inside the other, the two magnetic circuits M1 and M2 thus formed are introduced into the housing 7 of a housing 8 made of insulating material.

Pour chaque ensemble magnétique M1,m2, un circuit magnétique de retour de flux 9, dont on voit la forme générale en U, constitué de tôles magnétiques découpées et feuilletées, est incorporé par moulage au boîtier 8.For each magnetic assembly M1, m2, a magnetic flux return circuit 9, the general U shape of which can be seen, consisting of cut and laminated magnetic sheets, is incorporated by molding in the housing 8.

Après moulage, seules apparaissent les surfaces rectangulaires 10 en vis-à-vis de chaque noyau magnétique 4 de l'ensemble primaire P.After molding, only the rectangular surfaces 10 appear opposite each magnetic core 4 of the primary assembly P.

Ainsi, les circuits magnétiques de retour de flux 9 constituent l'armature métallique du boîtier 8.Thus, the magnetic flux return circuits 9 constitute the metal frame of the housing 8.

Venant de moulage avec le boîtier 8, se trouvent à l'extérieur de celui-ci 4 appendices 11 reliés par des nervures 12 au boîtier 8. Dans ces appendices 11 viennent prendre place des inserts métalliques 13, l'ensemble constituant les moyens de fixation de l'ensemble bobine sur le véhicule.Coming from molding with the housing 8, are located outside of the latter 4 appendices 11 connected by ribs 12 to the housing 8. In these appendices 11 metal inserts 13 take place, the assembly constituting the fixing means of the coil assembly on the vehicle.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 3 représentant l'ensemble secondaire S qui se compose du bobineau 5 réalisé par moulage de matière plastique comportant à chacune de ses extrémités un flasque 20,21 et sur toute la périphérie externe du moyen tubulaire constituant le bobineau secondaire 5, une pluralité de disques 22 compartimentant ledit bobineau. Deux fils, enroulés sur le bobineau 5, constituent les bobinages secondaires 6. Les disques 22 permettent de maintenir les fils constituant les enroulements 6 empilés sur une épaisseur importante.Referring now to Figure 3 showing the secondary assembly S which consists of the coil 5 made by molding plastic material having at each of its ends a flange 20,21 and over the entire outer periphery of the tubular means constituting the secondary coil 5, a plurality of discs 22 compartmentalizing said spool. Two wires, wound on the spool 5, constitute the secondary windings 6. The discs 22 make it possible to maintain the wires constituting the windings 6 stacked over a large thickness.

Le bobineau secondaire 5 comporte un logement tubulaire 56 destiné à recevoir l'ensemble primaire P.The secondary winding 5 comprises a tubular housing 56 intended to receive the primary assembly P.

Suivant l'invention, sont ménagés de matière à l'intérieur de ce logement 56, deux redents 57,58 dont l,épaisseur e varie progressivement. On se réfère à la figure 2 sur laquelle on a représenté chaque ensemble primaire P pret à être assemblé à l'ensemble secondaire S correspondant en pénétrant dans ceux-ci suivant le sens indiqué par les flèches F1,F2.According to the invention, are formed of material inside this housing 56, two reducers 57, 58 of which the thickness e varies gradually. Reference is made to FIG. 2 in which each primary assembly P has been shown ready to be assembled with the corresponding secondary assembly S by entering them in the direction indicated by the arrows F1, F2.

Chaque bobineau primaire 3 possède deux flasques d'extrémité 40,41.Each primary coil 3 has two end flanges 40,41.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, sur le flasque 40 sont ménagés de matière des moyens complémentaires comprenant deux bossages 50,52 de forme générale rectangulaire dont une partie latérale 52 dépasse de chacune des parois verticales du flasque 40.According to another aspect of the invention, on the flange 40 are provided in material complementary means comprising two bosses 50, 52 of generally rectangular shape, a lateral part 52 protruding from each of the vertical walls of the flange 40.

Sur le flasque d'extrémité 21 du bobineau secondaire 5 sont ménagées de matière deux encoches 54 et 55.On the end flange 21 of the secondary reel 5 are formed in material two notches 54 and 55.

Lors de l'introduction de l'ensemble primaire P dans le logement tubulaire 56 du bobineau secondaire 5, par exemple suivant la flèche F2, les parois du flasque 41 du bobineau primaire 3 coopèrent avec les parois du logement 56, puis franchissent les redents 57,58 grâce à leur élasticité, immobilisant en translation l'ensemble primaire P.During the introduction of the primary assembly P into the tubular housing 56 of the secondary coil 5, for example along the arrow F2, the walls of the flange 41 of the primary coil 3 cooperate with the walls of the housing 56, then pass through the redents 57 , 58 thanks to their elasticity, immobilizing in translation the primary assembly P.

Simultanément, lorsque l'ensemble primaire P est introduit dans l'ensemble secondaire S, par exemple suivant la flèche F1, les parties 52 des bossages 50,51 du flasque 40 du bobineau primaire 3 viennent s'emboîter dans les encoches 54,55 du flasque 21 du bobineau secondaire 5.Simultaneously, when the primary assembly P is introduced into the secondary assembly S, for example along arrow F1, the parts 52 of the bosses 50.51 of the flange 40 of the primary coil 3 come to fit into the notches 54.55 of the flange 21 of the secondary coil 5.

On a ainsi réalisé un positionnement précis de l'ensemble primaire P dans l'ensemble secondaire S et son immobilisation.We thus achieved a precise positioning of the primary assembly P in the secondary assembly S and its immobilization.

L'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté et pourra donner lieu à toutes modifications désirables sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown and may give rise to any desirable modifications without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1) Bobine d'allumage comportant au moins un ensemble magnétique (M1,M2) comprenant chacun un noyau magnétique central (4) autour duquel sont disposés coaxialement deux bobineaux primaire (3) et secondaire (5) portant respectivement les enroulements primaire (2) et secondaire (6), des moyens de maintien aptes à positionner et fixer le bobineau primaire (3) dans le bobineau secondaire (5), caractérisée en ce que les moyens de maintien sont constitués de redents (57,58) ménagées de matière dans un logement tubulaire (56) du bobineau secondaire (5) coopérant avec l'un des flasques d'extrémité (41) du bobineau primaire (3).1) Ignition coil comprising at least one magnetic assembly (M1, M2) each comprising a central magnetic core (4) around which are coaxially arranged two primary (3) and secondary (5) coils carrying the primary windings (2) respectively and secondary (6), holding means capable of positioning and fixing the primary winding (3) in the secondary winding (5), characterized in that the holding means consist of redents (57,58) formed of material in a tubular housing (56) of the secondary winding (5) cooperating with one of the end flanges (41) of the primary winding (3). 2) Bobine d'allumage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de maintien sont associés à des moyens complémentaires comprenant des bossages (50,51) ménagés de matière sur l'autre flasque d'extrémité (40) du bobineau primaire (3) dont la partie dépassante (52) coopère avec des encoches (54,55) ménagées de matière sur le flasque d'extrémité (21) du bobineau secondaire (5).2) Ignition coil according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding means are associated with complementary means comprising bosses (50,51) formed of material on the other end flange (40) of the primary coil (3), the projecting part (52) of which cooperates with notches (54, 55) made of material on the end flange (21) of the secondary coil (5). 3) Bobine d'allumage suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les redents (57,58) ont une épaisseur (e) qui varie progressivement.3) Ignition coil according to claim 1, characterized in that the redents (57,58) have a thickness (e) which varies gradually.
EP90401129A 1989-04-28 1990-04-25 Ignition coil, particularly for internal combustion engines for motor vehicles, and means for securing the primary and secondary assemblies Expired - Lifetime EP0395512B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR898905641A FR2646550B1 (en) 1989-04-28 1989-04-28 IGNITION COIL, PARTICULARLY FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND MEANS FOR HOLDING THE PRIMARY ASSEMBLY IN THE SECONDARY
FR8905641 1989-04-28

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0395512A1 true EP0395512A1 (en) 1990-10-31
EP0395512B1 EP0395512B1 (en) 1994-04-06

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EP90401129A Expired - Lifetime EP0395512B1 (en) 1989-04-28 1990-04-25 Ignition coil, particularly for internal combustion engines for motor vehicles, and means for securing the primary and secondary assemblies

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US (1) US5015984A (en)
EP (1) EP0395512B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03129714A (en)
DE (1) DE69007844T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2055359T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2646550B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2055359T3 (en) 1994-08-16
EP0395512B1 (en) 1994-04-06
FR2646550B1 (en) 1994-03-04
US5015984A (en) 1991-05-14
DE69007844T2 (en) 1994-10-20
DE69007844D1 (en) 1994-05-11
FR2646550A1 (en) 1990-11-02
JPH03129714A (en) 1991-06-03

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