EP0391184B1 - Polarisation branch for two different frequency bands - Google Patents

Polarisation branch for two different frequency bands Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0391184B1
EP0391184B1 EP90105641A EP90105641A EP0391184B1 EP 0391184 B1 EP0391184 B1 EP 0391184B1 EP 90105641 A EP90105641 A EP 90105641A EP 90105641 A EP90105641 A EP 90105641A EP 0391184 B1 EP0391184 B1 EP 0391184B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
waveguides
openings
case
waves
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EP90105641A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0391184A3 (en
EP0391184A2 (en
Inventor
Heinz-Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Hettstedt
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Kabelmetal Electro GmbH
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Kabelmetal Electro GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2131—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies with combining or separating polarisations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a polarization filter for two different frequency bands for illuminating an antenna with a parabolic reflector, consisting of a tube with a circular, light cross-section, in which two perpendicular, linearly polarized waves are guided per frequency band, for each of the four waves there is a separate coupling point in the form of an opening in the wall of the tube and in which the two openings assigned to a frequency band are each offset axially and by 90 ° in the circumferential direction from one another (GB-OS 2,117,980)
  • Polarization switches are used, for example, to illuminate antennas with a parabolic reflector for directional radio, satellite radio or radio location. They can be used to illuminate the reflector directly or to illuminate it using a subreflector (Cassegrain principle). "Illumination” is intended to encompass both directions of transmission of the electromagnetic waves, that is to say both waves to be emitted and waves to be received.
  • Such a polarization switch is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,864,688. It is used to decouple two linearly polarized electromagnetic waves that are guided over connected waveguides so that they separate do not disturb each other.
  • a circular cylindrical piece of pipe is used, into which two waveguides open side by side at a distance in the axial direction.
  • the decoupling of the two shafts is achieved by a number of staggered pins or a twisted sheet metal strip, which are arranged in the pipe section between the connection points of the two waveguides. This causes a rotation of one shaft by 90 °, so that both shafts are perpendicular to each other.
  • the polarization switch according to GB-OS 2,117,980 mentioned at the outset consists of two sections with different inner diameters arranged directly behind one another in the axial direction. Two waveguides are connected to one of these sections. The section with the larger inside diameter also has two different inside diameters, the two waveguides of this section opening into areas with different inside diameters.
  • This polarization switch can only be produced with great effort, in particular because the two differently dimensioned sections have to be joined individually and with the tightest tolerances.
  • the polarization switch is also relatively long and can therefore only be attached to the reflector of an antenna with some effort.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a polarization filter for two frequency bands, which is simple and has a small footprint.
  • the openings for the coupling and decoupling of the waves of two different frequency bands are not made in two axially successive sections of the tube, but in pairs in the same radial plane.
  • the individual waves are uncoupled when they are received by the short-circuit elements in the tube on the one hand and by the filter elements in the waveguides on the other hand.
  • the decoupling of the waves is provided by the feed via the waveguide, which is offset by 90 ° in the circumferential direction, and the short-circuit elements in the tube.
  • the polarization switch can be made very short and compact due to the construction with openings lying in pairs at the same axial location. Accordingly, it can be mounted on the reflector of an antenna with little effort.
  • the structure of the polarization switch is considerably simplified if it is composed of two identical parts, each consisting of a piece of the tube to which two waveguides bent by 90 ° with filter elements are connected.
  • the shorter word “crossover” is used instead of the word polarization crossover.
  • the crossover can be used both for waves to be emitted by an antenna and for waves to be received up to 11.7 GHz on the one hand and the 12.5 to 12.75 GHz frequency band on the other hand.
  • the one with the lower frequencies is referred to below as the “lower band” and the one with the higher frequencies as the "upper band”.
  • the parabolic reflector of an antenna system is designated, which is attached for example on the top of a mast.
  • a switch W is attached, which is designed as a tube 2 with a circular clear cross section.
  • a feed horn 3 can be attached to the tube 2.
  • Four waveguides 5, 6, 7 and 8 are connected to the tube 2. Assembly and arrangement of the individual parts of the antenna system are known prior art. It is therefore not discussed in more detail.
  • the switch W serves in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 for the direct illumination of the reflector 1. In principle, however, it is it is also possible to use the W switch for an antenna system with a sub-reflector.
  • the waveguides 5, 6, 7 and 8 are all bent through 90 °. You therefore meet at right angles on the tube 2, which has 5 to 8 openings 9 at the connection points of the waveguide. Such an opening 9 is shown in the drawings only for the waveguides 5 and 8. However, all waveguides 5 to 8 are connected to the tube 2 via openings 9 of this type, which are also referred to as diaphragms. In this embodiment, the free ends of the waveguides 5 to 8 run parallel to the axis of the tube 2. The switch W thus has a very compact shape. In principle, the waveguides 5 to 8 could also run in a straight line or other than bent by 90 °.
  • the waveguides 5 and 7 are firmly connected to the tube 2. Their free ends run parallel to the axis of the tube 2. They can be equipped with flanges 11. Further waveguides can be connected to the flanges 11, or coaxial lines can also be connected via converters 12. 2, a converter 12 is indicated by dashed lines.
  • At least one short-circuit element 13 is attached in the tube 2, which consists, for example, of pins.
  • the short-circuit element 13 serves to reflect the waves guided in the tube 2 and to block the one polarization plane.
  • the waveguide 5 is provided, for example, for the lower band to be transmitted, while the waveguide 7 in this case guides a shaft of the upper band.
  • the waveguides 5 and 7 are attached in pairs at the same axial location, their openings 9 being diametrically opposite one another in the tube 2.
  • the same structure and the same mode of operation apply to the waveguide 6 and 8, which are also attached to the tube 2.
  • the waveguides 6 and 8 are offset from the waveguides 5 and 7 in the axial direction and also rotated by 90 ° in the circumferential direction.
  • the waveguides 6 and 8 are also connected to the tube 2 via openings 9, which are diametrically opposite one another. Between the two openings 9 of the waveguide 6 and 8 at least one short-circuit element 14 is also attached here.
  • the waveguides 6 and 8 are also equipped with filter elements 10, through which they act as band passes.
  • the waveguide 6 is provided for the lower band, while the waveguide 8 serves to guide a shaft of the upper band.
  • the waves entering the switch W or the tube 2, for example in the direction of the arrow P, are divided between the individual waveguides 5 to 8.
  • a wave of the lower band, from which two linearly polarized waves perpendicular to one another are guided in the tube 2 is reflected by the short-circuit element 13 and guided into the waveguide 5.
  • the wave of the same frequency band vibrating perpendicular to this wave is then coupled into the waveguide 6.
  • the switch W or the tube 2 can be designed as desired at the end facing away from the antenna. A special degree is not required. However, the tube 2 is appropriately closed in order to prevent the entry of foreign bodies or contamination.
  • FIGS. 4 shows a plan view of the complete switch W, in which no further lines are connected to the waveguides 5 to 8.
  • the free ends of the waveguides 5 to 8 are connected in pairs in this illustration by means of plates 15 and 16, by means of which the switch W is stabilized overall.
  • the plate 16 can lie at the level of the end of the tube 2 and close the same at the same time.
  • the plates 15 and 16 are shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the switch W can be constructed from two identically designed parts in accordance with the schematic illustration in FIG. 5. These parts each consist of a pipe section 17 which is closed at both ends by flanges 18 and 19, respectively.
  • the waveguides 5 and 7 or 6 and 8 are connected to each pipe section 17 on two diametrically opposite sides via corresponding openings 9. Between the two associated waveguides 5 to 8, the short-circuit elements 13 and 14 are attached in the pipe section 17.
  • the two pipe sections 17 are connected to one another via their flanges 18 and 19, one pipe section 17 being rotated by 90 ° in the circumferential direction relative to the other pipe section.
  • An end plate 20 can be attached to one end of the switch W, while the feed horn 3 can be arranged at the other end.

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Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Polarisationsweiche für zwei unterschiedliche Frequenzbänder zur Ausleuchtung einer Antenne mit parabolischem Reflektor, bestehend aus einem Rohr mit kreisförmigem lichtem Querschnitt, in welchem pro Frequenzband zwei senkrecht aufeinander stehende, linear polarisierte Wellen geführt sind, bei welcher für jede der vier Wellen eine eigene Koppelstelle in Form einer in der Wandung des Rohres angebrachten Öffnung vorhanden ist und bei welcher die beiden, einem Frequenzband zugeordneten Öffnungen jeweils axial und um 90° in Umfangsrichtung gegeneinander versetzt sind (GB-OS 2,117,980)The invention relates to a polarization filter for two different frequency bands for illuminating an antenna with a parabolic reflector, consisting of a tube with a circular, light cross-section, in which two perpendicular, linearly polarized waves are guided per frequency band, for each of the four waves there is a separate coupling point in the form of an opening in the wall of the tube and in which the two openings assigned to a frequency band are each offset axially and by 90 ° in the circumferential direction from one another (GB-OS 2,117,980)

Polarisationsweichen werden beispielsweise für die Ausleuchtung von Antennen mit parabolischem Reflektor für Richtfunk, Satellitenfunk oder Funkortung verwendet. Sie können dabei zur direkten Ausleuchtung des Reflektors oder auch zur Ausleuchtung desselben über einen Subreflektor (Cassegrainprinzip) eingesetzt werden. "Ausleuchtung" soll dabei beide Übertragungsrichtungen der elektromagnetischen Wellen umfassen, also sowohl abzustrahlende als auch zu empfangende Wellen.Polarization switches are used, for example, to illuminate antennas with a parabolic reflector for directional radio, satellite radio or radio location. They can be used to illuminate the reflector directly or to illuminate it using a subreflector (Cassegrain principle). "Illumination" is intended to encompass both directions of transmission of the electromagnetic waves, that is to say both waves to be emitted and waves to be received.

Eine solche Polarisationsweiche ist beispielsweise durch die US-PS 3,864,688 bekannt. Sie dient dazu, zwei über angeschlossene Hohlleiter geführte, linear polarisierte elektromagnetische Wellen so zu entkoppeln, daß sie sich gegenseitig nicht stören. Bei dieser bekannten Polarisationsweiche wird dazu ein kreiszylindrisches Rohrstück verwendet, in das zwei Hohlleiter mit Abstand in axialer Richtung nebeneinander einmünden. Die Entkopplung der beiden Wellen wird durch eine Anzahl von gegeneinander versetzten Stiften oder einen verdrehten Blechstreifen erreicht, die im Rohrstück zwischen den Anschlußstellen der beiden Hohlleiter angeordnet sind. Es wird dadurch eine Drehung der einen Welle um 90° bewirkt, so daß beide Wellen senkrecht aufeinander stehen.Such a polarization switch is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,864,688. It is used to decouple two linearly polarized electromagnetic waves that are guided over connected waveguides so that they separate do not disturb each other. In this known polarization switch, a circular cylindrical piece of pipe is used, into which two waveguides open side by side at a distance in the axial direction. The decoupling of the two shafts is achieved by a number of staggered pins or a twisted sheet metal strip, which are arranged in the pipe section between the connection points of the two waveguides. This causes a rotation of one shaft by 90 °, so that both shafts are perpendicular to each other.

Die Polarisationsweiche nach der eingangs erwähnten GB-OS 2,117,980 besteht aus zwei in axialer Richtung direkt hintereinander angeordneten Abschnitten mit unterschiedlichen Innendurchmessern. Je zwei Hohlleiter sind an je einen dieser Abschnitte angeschlossen. Der Abschnitt mit dem größeren Innendurchmesser hat in sich außerdem auch noch zwei unterschiedliche Innendurchmesser, wobei die beiden Hohlleiter dieses Abschnitts in Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Innendurchmesser einmünden. Diese Polarisationsweiche ist nur mit großem Aufwand herstellbar, und zwar insbesondere deswegen, weil die beiden unterschiedlich bemessenen Abschnitte einzeln und unter Einhaltung engster Toleranzen zusammengefügt werden müssen. Die Polarisationsweiche ist außerdem relativ lang und daher nur mit einigem Aufwand am Reflektor einer Antenne zu befestigen.The polarization switch according to GB-OS 2,117,980 mentioned at the outset consists of two sections with different inner diameters arranged directly behind one another in the axial direction. Two waveguides are connected to one of these sections. The section with the larger inside diameter also has two different inside diameters, the two waveguides of this section opening into areas with different inside diameters. This polarization switch can only be produced with great effort, in particular because the two differently dimensioned sections have to be joined individually and with the tightest tolerances. The polarization switch is also relatively long and can therefore only be attached to the reflector of an antenna with some effort.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Polarisationsweiche für zwei Frequenzbänder anzugeben, die einfach aufgebaut ist und einen geringen Platzbedarf hat.The invention has for its object to provide a polarization filter for two frequency bands, which is simple and has a small footprint.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit einer Polarisationsweiche der eingangs geschilderten Art gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst,

  • daß je zwei für Wellen unterschiedlicher Frequenzbänder bestimmte Öffnungen einander diametral gegenüber liegend im Rohr angebracht sind,
  • daß zwischen den beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Öffnungen jeweils mindestens ein Kurzschlußelement im Rohr angebracht ist und
  • daß an den Öffnungen je ein mit Filterelementen ausgerüsteter Hohlleiter mit rechteckigem Querschnitt an das Rohr angeschlossen ist.
This object is achieved with a polarizing switch of the type described at the outset in accordance with the invention in that
  • that two openings intended for waves of different frequency bands are arranged diametrically opposite one another in the tube,
  • that at least one short-circuit element is mounted in the tube between the two opposing openings and
  • that a waveguide equipped with filter elements with a rectangular cross section is connected to the openings at the openings.

Bei dieser Polarisationsweiche sind die Öffnungen für die Ein- bzw. Auskopplung der Wellen zweier unterschiedlicher Frequenzbänder nicht in zwei axial hintereinander liegenden Abschnitten des Rohres angebracht, sondern paarweise in der gleichen radialen Ebene. Die einzelnen Wellen werden im Empfangsfall durch die Kurzschlußelemente im Rohr einerseits und durch die Filterelemente in den Hohlleitern andererseits einwandfrei entkoppelt. Im Sendefall ist die Entkopplung der Wellen durch die Zuführung über die jeweils um 90° in Umfangsrichtung versetzten Hohlleiter und die Kurzschlußelemente im Rohr gegeben. Die Polarisationsweiche kann durch den Aufbau mit paarweise am gleichen axialen Ort liegenden Öffnungen sehr kurz und kompakt ausgeführt werden. Sie ist dementsprechend mit wenig Aufwand am Reflektor einer Antenne zu montieren.With this polarization switch, the openings for the coupling and decoupling of the waves of two different frequency bands are not made in two axially successive sections of the tube, but in pairs in the same radial plane. The individual waves are uncoupled when they are received by the short-circuit elements in the tube on the one hand and by the filter elements in the waveguides on the other hand. In the case of transmission, the decoupling of the waves is provided by the feed via the waveguide, which is offset by 90 ° in the circumferential direction, and the short-circuit elements in the tube. The polarization switch can be made very short and compact due to the construction with openings lying in pairs at the same axial location. Accordingly, it can be mounted on the reflector of an antenna with little effort.

Wesentlich vereinfacht wird der Aufbau der Polarisationsweiche dann, wenn sie aus zwei identischen Teilen zusammengesetzt wird, die jeweils aus einem Stück des Rohres bestehen, an das zwei um 90° gebogene Hohlleiter mit Filterelementen angeschlossen sind.The structure of the polarization switch is considerably simplified if it is composed of two identical parts, each consisting of a piece of the tube to which two waveguides bent by 90 ° with filter elements are connected.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt.An embodiment of the subject of the invention is shown in the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung eine Antenne mit Polarisationsweiche.
  • Fig. 2 und 3 zwei unterschiedliche Ansichten der Polarisationsweiche nach der Erfindung.
  • Fig. 4 eine Ansicht einer Polarisationsweiche auf der der Antenne abgewandten Seite.
  • Fig. 5 eine Ausgestaltung der Polarisationsweiche nach den Fig. 2 und 3.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an antenna with polarization switch.
  • 2 and 3 two different views of the polarization switch according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a view of a polarization switch on the side facing away from the antenna.
  • 5 shows an embodiment of the polarization switch according to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Im folgenden wird der Einfachheit halber statt des Wortes Polarisationsweiche" das kürzere Wort "Weiche" verwendet. Die Weiche kann sowohl für von einer Antenne abzustrahlende als auch für zu empfangende Wellen verwendet werden. Sie ist beispielsweise zur getrennten Führung von Wellen des Frequenzbandes 10,95 bis 11,7 GHz einerseits und des Frequenzbandes 12,5 bis 12,75 GHz andererseits geeignet. Von den beiden unterschiedlichen Frequenzbändern wird im folgenden das mit den niedrigeren Frequenzen als "Unterband" und das mit den höheren Frequenzen als "Oberband" bezeichnet.In the following, for the sake of simplicity, the shorter word "crossover" is used instead of the word polarization crossover. The crossover can be used both for waves to be emitted by an antenna and for waves to be received up to 11.7 GHz on the one hand and the 12.5 to 12.75 GHz frequency band on the other hand. Of the two different frequency bands, the one with the lower frequencies is referred to below as the "lower band" and the one with the higher frequencies as the "upper band".

Mit 1 ist der parabolische Reflektor einer Antennenanlage bezeichnet, der beispielsweise auf der Spitze eines Mastes befestigt ist. Im Brennpunkt des Reflektors 1 ist eine Weiche W angebracht, die als Rohr 2 mit einem kreisförmigen lichten Querschnitt ausgebildet ist. Auf der dem Reflektor 1 zugewandten Seite kann an dem Rohr 2 ein Speisehorn 3 angebracht sein. An das Rohr 2 sind vier Hohlleiter 5, 6, 7 und 8 angeschlossen. Montage und Anordnung der Einzelteile der Antennenanlage sind bekannter Stand der Technik. Es wird daher nicht genauer darauf eingegangen. Die Weiche W dient im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 der direkten Ausleuchtung des Reflektors 1. Prinzipiell ist es jedoch auch möglich, die Weiche W für eine Antennenanlage mit Subreflektor zu verwenden.With 1 the parabolic reflector of an antenna system is designated, which is attached for example on the top of a mast. In the focal point of the reflector 1, a switch W is attached, which is designed as a tube 2 with a circular clear cross section. On the side facing the reflector 1, a feed horn 3 can be attached to the tube 2. Four waveguides 5, 6, 7 and 8 are connected to the tube 2. Assembly and arrangement of the individual parts of the antenna system are known prior art. It is therefore not discussed in more detail. The switch W serves in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 for the direct illumination of the reflector 1. In principle, however, it is it is also possible to use the W switch for an antenna system with a sub-reflector.

Die Hohlleiter 5, 6, 7 und 8 sind in bevorzugter Ausführungsform alle um 90° gebogen. Sie treffen daher rechtwinklig auf das Rohr 2 auf, welches an den Anschlußstellen der Hohlleiter 5 bis 8 Öffnungen 9 aufweist. In den Zeichnungen ist nur für die Hohlleiter 5 und 8 eine solche Öffnung 9 eingezeichnet. Es sind jedoch alle Hohlleiter 5 bis 8 über derartige Öffnungen 9, die auch als Blenden bezeichnet werden, an das Rohr 2 angeschlossen. Die freien Enden der Hohlleiter 5 bis 8 verlaufen bei dieser Ausführungsform parallel zur Achse des Rohres 2. Die Weiche W hat dadurch eine sehr kompakte Form. Prinzipiell könnten die Hohlleiter 5 bis 8 auch geradlinig oder anders als um 90° gebogen verlaufen.In a preferred embodiment, the waveguides 5, 6, 7 and 8 are all bent through 90 °. You therefore meet at right angles on the tube 2, which has 5 to 8 openings 9 at the connection points of the waveguide. Such an opening 9 is shown in the drawings only for the waveguides 5 and 8. However, all waveguides 5 to 8 are connected to the tube 2 via openings 9 of this type, which are also referred to as diaphragms. In this embodiment, the free ends of the waveguides 5 to 8 run parallel to the axis of the tube 2. The switch W thus has a very compact shape. In principle, the waveguides 5 to 8 could also run in a straight line or other than bent by 90 °.

Aus Fig. 2 sind die beiden Hohlleiter 5 und 7 ersichtlich, die in ihrem Verlauf mit Filterelementen 10 bestückt sind. Sie stellen dadurch sogenannte Bandpässe dar, die je nach Ausbildung der Filterelemente 10 nur das jeweils gewünschte Frequenzband durchlassen. Als Filterelemente 10 können Stifte oder auch Blenden in Form von Blechen verwendet werden. Die Hohlleiter 5 und 7 sind fest mit dem Rohr 2 verbunden. Ihre freien Enden verlaufen parallel zur Achse des Rohres 2. Sie können mit Flanschen 11 ausgerüstet sein. An die Flansche 11 können weiterführende Hohlleiter oder über Konverter 12 auch Koaxialleitungen angeschlossen werden. In Fig. 2 ist ein Konverter 12 gestrichelt angedeutet.2 shows the two waveguides 5 and 7, which are fitted with filter elements 10 in their course. As a result, they represent so-called band-pass filters which, depending on the design of the filter elements 10, only allow the frequency band desired. Pins or screens in the form of sheets can be used as filter elements 10. The waveguides 5 and 7 are firmly connected to the tube 2. Their free ends run parallel to the axis of the tube 2. They can be equipped with flanges 11. Further waveguides can be connected to the flanges 11, or coaxial lines can also be connected via converters 12. 2, a converter 12 is indicated by dashed lines.

Zwischen den Öffnungen 9 der Hohlleiter 5 und 7 ist im Rohr 2 mindestens ein Kurzschlußelement 13 angebracht, das beispielsweise aus Stiften besteht. Das Kurzschlußelement 13 dient der Reflexion der im Rohr 2 geführten Wellen und zur Sperrung der einen Polarisationsebene.Between the openings 9 of the waveguide 5 and 7, at least one short-circuit element 13 is attached in the tube 2, which consists, for example, of pins. The short-circuit element 13 serves to reflect the waves guided in the tube 2 and to block the one polarization plane.

Der Hohlleiter 5 ist beispielsweise für das zu übertragende Unterband vorgesehen, während der Hohlleiter 7 in diesem Fall eine Welle des Oberbandes führt. Die Hohlleiter 5 und 7 sind paarweise am gleichen axialen Ort angebracht, wobei ihre Öffnungen 9 einander diametral im Rohr 2 gegenüberliegen.The waveguide 5 is provided, for example, for the lower band to be transmitted, while the waveguide 7 in this case guides a shaft of the upper band. The waveguides 5 and 7 are attached in pairs at the same axial location, their openings 9 being diametrically opposite one another in the tube 2.

Der gleiche Aufbau und die gleiche Funktionsweise gelten für die Hohlleiter 6 und 8, die ebenfalls am Rohr 2 angebracht sind. Die Hohlleiter 6 und 8 sind gegenüber den Hohlleitern 5 und 7 in axialer Richtung versetzt und außerdem um 90° in Umfangsrichtung gedreht. Auch die Hohlleiter 6 und 8 sind über Öffnungen 9 mit dem Rohr 2 verbunden, die einander diametral gegenüberliegen. Zwischen den beiden Öffnungen 9 der Hohlleiter 6 und 8 ist auch hier mindestens ein Kurzschlußelement 14 angebracht. Die Hohlleiter 6 und 8 sind ebenfalls mit Filterelemente 10 ausgerüstet, durch welche sie als Bandpässe wirken. Der Hohlleiter 6 ist für das Unterband vorgesehen, während der Hohlleiter 8 zur Führung einer Welle des Oberbandes dient.The same structure and the same mode of operation apply to the waveguide 6 and 8, which are also attached to the tube 2. The waveguides 6 and 8 are offset from the waveguides 5 and 7 in the axial direction and also rotated by 90 ° in the circumferential direction. The waveguides 6 and 8 are also connected to the tube 2 via openings 9, which are diametrically opposite one another. Between the two openings 9 of the waveguide 6 and 8 at least one short-circuit element 14 is also attached here. The waveguides 6 and 8 are also equipped with filter elements 10, through which they act as band passes. The waveguide 6 is provided for the lower band, while the waveguide 8 serves to guide a shaft of the upper band.

Die beispielsweise in Richtung des Pfeiles P in die Weiche W bzw. das Rohr 2 eintretenden Wellen werden auf die einzelnen Hohlleiter 5 bis 8 aufgeteilt. So wird beispielsweise eine Welle des Unterbandes, von dem zwei linear polarisierte und senkrecht aufeinander zugehende Wellen im Rohr 2 geführt werden, durch das Kurzschlußelement 13 reflektiert und in den Hohlleiter 5 geführt. Die senkrecht zu dieser Welle schwingende Welle des gleichen Frequenzbandes wird anschließend in den Hohlleiter 6 eingekoppelt. Das gleiche gilt für die beiden senkrecht aufeinander stehenden, linear palarisierten Wellen des Oberbandes, die durch das Kurzschlußelement 14 in den Hohlleiter 7 einerseits und den Hohlleiter 8 andererseits eingekoppelt werden.The waves entering the switch W or the tube 2, for example in the direction of the arrow P, are divided between the individual waveguides 5 to 8. For example, a wave of the lower band, from which two linearly polarized waves perpendicular to one another are guided in the tube 2, is reflected by the short-circuit element 13 and guided into the waveguide 5. The wave of the same frequency band vibrating perpendicular to this wave is then coupled into the waveguide 6. The same applies to the two perpendicular, linear palarized waves of the upper band, which are coupled through the short-circuit element 14 into the waveguide 7 on the one hand and the waveguide 8 on the other.

Die Weiche W bzw. das Rohr 2 kann am der Antenne abgewandten Ende beliebig gestaltet sein. Ein besonderer Abschluß ist nicht erforderlich. Das Rohr 2 wird jedoch zweckmäßig verschlossen, um das Eindringen von Fremdkörpern bzw. ein Verschmutzen zu verhindern.The switch W or the tube 2 can be designed as desired at the end facing away from the antenna. A special degree is not required. However, the tube 2 is appropriately closed in order to prevent the entry of foreign bodies or contamination.

Aus Fig. 4 ist eine Draufsicht auf die komplette Weiche W dargestellt, bei welcher an die Hohlleiter 5 bis 8 keine weiterführenden Leitungen angeschlossen sind. Die freien Enden der Hohlleiter 5 bis 8 sind in dieser Darstellung paarweise mittels Platten 15 und 16 verbunden, durch welche die Weiche W insgesamt stabilisiert wird. Die Platte 16 kann in Höhe des Endes des Rohres 2 liegen und dasselbe gleichzeitig verschließen. Die Platten 15 und 16 sind in den Fig. 2 und 3 gestrichelt eingezeichnet.4 shows a plan view of the complete switch W, in which no further lines are connected to the waveguides 5 to 8. The free ends of the waveguides 5 to 8 are connected in pairs in this illustration by means of plates 15 and 16, by means of which the switch W is stabilized overall. The plate 16 can lie at the level of the end of the tube 2 and close the same at the same time. The plates 15 and 16 are shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Zur weiteren Vereinfachung der Weiche W kann dieselbe entsprechend der schematischen Darstellung in Fig. 5 aus zwei identisch ausgeführten Teilen aufgebaut werden. Diese Teile bestehen jeweils aus einem Rohrstück 17, das an beiden Enden durch Flansche 18 bzw. 19 abgeschlossen ist. An jedes Rohrstück 17 sind auf zwei einander diametral gegenüberliegenden Seiten über entsprechende Öffnungen 9 die Hohlleiter 5 und 7 bzw. 6 und 8 angeschlossen. Jeweils zwischen den beiden zugehörigen Hohlleitern 5 bis 8 sind im Rohrstück 17 die Kurzschlußelemente 13 bzw. 14 angebracht. Für den Zusammenbau der Weiche W werden die beiden Rohrstücke 17 über ihre Flansche 18 und 19 miteinander verbunden, wobei das eine Rohrstück 17 gegenüber dem anderen Rohrstück um 90° in Umfangsrichtung gedreht ist. Am einen Ende der Weiche W kann eine Abschlußplatte 20 angebracht sein, während am anderen Ende das Speisehorn 3 angeordnet sein kann.To further simplify the switch W, the switch W can be constructed from two identically designed parts in accordance with the schematic illustration in FIG. 5. These parts each consist of a pipe section 17 which is closed at both ends by flanges 18 and 19, respectively. The waveguides 5 and 7 or 6 and 8 are connected to each pipe section 17 on two diametrically opposite sides via corresponding openings 9. Between the two associated waveguides 5 to 8, the short-circuit elements 13 and 14 are attached in the pipe section 17. For the assembly of the switch W, the two pipe sections 17 are connected to one another via their flanges 18 and 19, one pipe section 17 being rotated by 90 ° in the circumferential direction relative to the other pipe section. An end plate 20 can be attached to one end of the switch W, while the feed horn 3 can be arranged at the other end.

Claims (4)

  1. Polarization filter for two different frequency bands for illuminating an antenna having a parabolic reflector, consisting of a tube with a circular inside cross-section in which two mutually perpendicular, linearly polarized waves are guided per frequency band, and in which filter a dedicated coupling point is present for each of the four waves in the form of an opening provided in the wall of the tube and in which the two openings assigned to a frequency band are in each case offset axially and by 90° in the circumferential direction with respect to one another, characterized in that
    - in each case two openings (9) intended for waves of different frequency bands are provided situated diametrically opposite one another in the tube (2),
    - in each case at least one short-circuit element (13, 14) is provided in the tube (2) between the two openings (9) situated opposite one another, and
    - in each case one waveguide (5-8) fitted with filter elements (10) and having a rectangular cross-section is connected to the tube (2) at the openings (9).
  2. Polarization filter according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is assembled from two identical parts which are arranged in series axially and rotated by 90° in the circumferential direction and of which each consists of a tube length (17) with two connected waveguides (5-8).
  3. polarization filter according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the waveguides (5-8) are bent by 90° and arranged on the tube (2) such that their free ends extend parallel to the axis of the tube (2).
  4. Polarization filter according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the free ends of in each case two waveguides (5-8) ending at the same height are fixed to a common plate (15, 16) extending at right angles to the axis of the tube (2).
EP90105641A 1989-04-04 1990-03-24 Polarisation branch for two different frequency bands Expired - Lifetime EP0391184B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3910816 1989-04-04
DE3910816A DE3910816A1 (en) 1989-04-04 1989-04-04 POLARIZING SWITCH FOR TWO DIFFERENT FREQUENCIES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0391184A2 EP0391184A2 (en) 1990-10-10
EP0391184A3 EP0391184A3 (en) 1991-09-25
EP0391184B1 true EP0391184B1 (en) 1994-03-16

Family

ID=6377793

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90105641A Expired - Lifetime EP0391184B1 (en) 1989-04-04 1990-03-24 Polarisation branch for two different frequency bands

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0391184B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3910816A1 (en)
FI (1) FI93403C (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2182728B1 (en) * 1972-05-05 1977-03-18 Thomson Csf
US4176330A (en) * 1977-12-23 1979-11-27 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Diplexer apparatus
US4467294A (en) * 1981-12-17 1984-08-21 Vitalink Communications Corporation Waveguide apparatus and method for dual polarized and dual frequency signals
JPS6351701A (en) * 1986-08-21 1988-03-04 Nec Corp Orthogonal polarization branching filter
US4912436A (en) * 1987-06-15 1990-03-27 Gamma-F Corporation Four port dual polarization frequency diplexer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59004968D1 (en) 1994-04-21
FI93403B (en) 1994-12-15
FI93403C (en) 1995-03-27
DE3910816A1 (en) 1990-10-11
EP0391184A3 (en) 1991-09-25
FI901674A0 (en) 1990-04-03
EP0391184A2 (en) 1990-10-10

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