EP0388649B1 - Folding machine - Google Patents

Folding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0388649B1
EP0388649B1 EP90103384A EP90103384A EP0388649B1 EP 0388649 B1 EP0388649 B1 EP 0388649B1 EP 90103384 A EP90103384 A EP 90103384A EP 90103384 A EP90103384 A EP 90103384A EP 0388649 B1 EP0388649 B1 EP 0388649B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
folding
belt
profile
belts
axes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90103384A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0388649A1 (en
Inventor
Ernst Grau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilhelm Bahmueller Maschinenbau Praezisionswerkzeuge GmbH
Original Assignee
Wilhelm Bahmueller Maschinenbau Praezisionswerkzeuge GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilhelm Bahmueller Maschinenbau Praezisionswerkzeuge GmbH filed Critical Wilhelm Bahmueller Maschinenbau Praezisionswerkzeuge GmbH
Publication of EP0388649A1 publication Critical patent/EP0388649A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0388649B1 publication Critical patent/EP0388649B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2100/00Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2100/00Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs
    • B31B2100/002Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs characterised by the shape of the blank from which they are formed
    • B31B2100/0022Rigid or semi-rigid containers made by folding single-piece sheets, blanks or webs characterised by the shape of the blank from which they are formed made from tubular webs or blanks, including by tube or bottom forming operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2120/00Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B31B2120/30Construction of rigid or semi-rigid containers collapsible; temporarily collapsed during manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/26Folding sheets, blanks or webs
    • B31B50/58Folding sheets, blanks or webs by moving endless belts or chains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/60Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
    • B31B50/62Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by adhesives
    • B31B50/622Applying glue on already formed boxes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31BMAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/60Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
    • B31B50/68Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by stitching, stapling or riveting

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device with the features of the preamble of claim 1, which is provided for folding folding box blanks.
  • Folding box blanks are flat corrugated cardboard blanks that have the shape of the processing of the finished folding box. These folding box blanks have to be formed into folding box hoses, which have edges connected to one another along a line, so that they can be erected as carton during packaging. For this purpose, the folding box blanks are bent inwards along fold lines which form two edges on the erected box or the cardboard box, which lie diagonally opposite and extend between the bottom and the lid.
  • the parts to be folded inwards are called side flaps and are on the one hand a narrow flat side and on the other hand a wide flat side of the later carton. Large flaps hang from these side flaps, which form parts of the base or lid and with them the middle piece, which remains at rest when folded, is only connected via the later side walls.
  • folding straps were used to fold in or fold in these side flaps to form the folding box hose, which have a screwed course.
  • the side flap which initially lies flat, is grasped synchronously with the forward movement from below and folded over according to the degree of advance by the machine. Because of the arrangement of the folding straps, their surface contacting the side flap forms a straight helical line, which ensures that the leading edge of the folding box blank is already folded inward more than the trailing part.
  • EP-PS 0086153 In order to avoid this "fishtailing", it is known from EP-PS 0086153 to put so-called pressure feeders on the folding straps in order to introduce the force approximately in the middle, based on the folding line, on the side flap.
  • the pressure feeder has a height opposite the back of the folding belt that compensates for the incline of the folded folding belt, so that only the The top of the feeder rests against the side flap and the side flap has no contact with the folding strap.
  • the folding belt in the known machine must be supported and guided so as not to be pushed back too much. Nevertheless, the folding belt dodges between the support rollers, whereby a small oscillating movement is superimposed on the actual folding movement. This causes the side flap to swing at the high speeds of modern folding machines.
  • the vibrations are practically not dampened due to the punctiform loading of the side flap and can lead to the side flap kinking above the pressure feeder in the case of large cuts of poor quality.
  • There is also a risk that the bottom or lid part sitting on the side flap will get too far inward as a result of the vibrations and the air resistance and will be supported on the center piece. The consequence of this is an oblique folding line that can no longer be aligned later.
  • the long, at least line-shaped contact between the side flap and the respective folding strap also considerably reduces the risk of the side flap breaking off because the folding force is introduced over a larger area.
  • a particularly good support is achieved if the vertex of each sawtooth, which the profile forms in longitudinal section, is at a distance from the preceding minimum that is equal to or greater than the distance to that on the vertex in the direction of movement, with respect to the direction of movement of the folding belt following minimum, because then large folding box blanks are supported over an area that is more than half the length of the side flap, viewed in the direction of transport.
  • two different arrangements of the folding straps can be used to fold in the side flaps.
  • the folding straps can either be twisted or twisted run, the folding belt runs around two axes that are at an angle to each other, which corresponds approximately to the amount of the expected folding or the folding belts can run around axes that are aligned substantially parallel to one another, so that the belt runs straight and unimpeded.
  • a somewhat greater force is exerted on the straps, but with this arrangement it can be achieved that the contact surface, in relation to the side flap to be folded, remains at rest.
  • the belt is practically not subjected to torsion, but the side flap must simultaneously perform a movement transversely to the folding belt during the folding movement, as a result of which the surface of the profile is subjected to abrasion.
  • the aforementioned advantages are achieved and in any case the folding belts run relatively evenly around the end axes, which is not the case when using pressure feeders of the known type. Sudden radial accelerations occur with the corresponding bearing load and noise.
  • the contact surface or part of the contact surface is designed such that when the apex of the profile lies above the axis which is the most upstream, a surface is created which is identical to the starting position of the side flap in this position.
  • the resulting flat surface remains up to the next pulley.
  • the folding arrangement requires two folding straps one behind the other on each side of the device.
  • the length can be found with a single folding belt on each side, but a somewhat more complicated course arrangement has to be accepted in order to get around the edge of the blank or around the folding line.
  • a folding belt that is light and easily runs around the end axes is obtained if on the back of the folding belt instead of a full profile only at least one bar designed according to the profile is provided, the narrow side of which points away from the back of the belt forms the contact surface.
  • the bending resistance when deflecting around the end axes can be reduced even more if the bar on the back of the folding belt has a wave-like or meandering course.
  • a particularly stable contact surface can be obtained if two corrugated or meandering strips are provided on the back of the folding belt, which are preferably arranged so that they collide with their convex bulges facing one another over the center of the folding belt.
  • a folding machine 1 is shown in perspective and highly schematic, which is used to convert incoming and initially flat folding box blanks 2 into folding box hoses 3 so that the overlapping edges are permanently connected to one another in a subsequent station, not shown, by means of an adhesive or staples .
  • FIG. 1 only those parts are shown which are necessary for understanding the invention, on the other hand to maintain clarity. Otherwise the important details would be lost in the diversity of the lines.
  • the folding machine 1 contains on the top of a horizontally and straight extending underframe or frame, which is not further illustrated, two parallel guide rails 4, the tops of which are at the same height and form 5 slideways or guideways on which the folding box blanks 2 relate 1 coming from the right are moved to the left by the folding machine 1.
  • a transport device is provided, of which two toothed belts 6 running parallel and at a distance from one another are visible between the guide rails 4.
  • the top or back of the two toothed belts 6 lies in the plane which is defined by the guideways 5 and carries drivers 7, the distance from which, viewed in the longitudinal direction of one of the respective toothed belts 6, corresponds to the center distance of two successive folding box blanks 2.
  • the two toothed belts 6 run around the end around deflection pulleys 8 and 9, which are rotatably mounted on axes 11 and 12 in the base frame (not shown) at the beginning and end of the folding machine. From these deflection rollers 8, 9, the deflection rollers 9 are free running and the deflection rollers 8 are driven in general machine cycle so that the toothed belts 6 are driven synchronously with one another and synchronously with the other movements of the folding machine.
  • the folding machine 1 has two endless folding belts 13 and 14, which in their general extent begin laterally below the guide track 5 and end above the guide track 5.
  • the two folding belts 13, like the two folding belts 14, are arranged in mirror symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis of the folding machine 1.
  • the folding belt 13 on the left side of the folding machine 1, viewed in the direction of movement of the folding box blanks 2, runs around two pulleys 15 and 16 which are rotatably mounted on axes 17 and 18 of the base frame.
  • One of the pulleys 15 and 16 is coupled to a drive device in order to move the folding belt 13 synchronously with the toothed belt 6.
  • the axes 17 and 18 run parallel to one another and at an angle of 45 ° to the plane defined by the guideways 5.
  • the orientation of the axes 17 and 18 is such that they point downwards towards the plane of symmetry of the folding machine 1, i.e. under the guide rails 4.
  • the folding belt 14 following in the transport direction of the folding box blanks 2, like the folding belt 13, is endless and essentially extends the folding belt 13.
  • the folding belt 14 runs around two end pulleys, of which only one their axes of rotation 21 and 22 are illustrated schematically.
  • the axes of rotation 21 and 22 are parallel to one another and at right angles to the axes of rotation 17 and 18 of the folding belt 13.
  • the two axes of rotation 22 of the two folding belts 14 lie in a common plane and converge towards the top.
  • a working strand 23 or 24 is formed on each of the folding belts 13, 14, which runs in the direction of the transport movement of the folding box blanks 2 or the folding box hose 3 and interacts with the folding box blank 2, while an empty strand 25 , 26 runs empty in the opposite direction without touching the folding box blank 2.
  • the folding box blanks 2 When they get into the folding machine 1, the folding box blanks 2 initially lie completely flat, as shown in FIG. 1 on the right-hand side. They consist of a middle piece 27 and two side flaps 28 and 29 connected to it in one piece. The side flaps 28 and 29 abut the middle piece 27 on fold lines 31 and 32, which may be pre-grooved, and form two diagonally opposite edges in the finished erected carton, from the floor reach to the lid.
  • the folding box blank 2 contains four slots 33 which extend a little way into the folding box blank 2 and which later folds over allow a bottom or lid flap 34.
  • hold-down devices which have a plurality of loosely rotatable wheels with a disk-shaped or conical shape.
  • the loosely rotatable wheels 36 run on axes 37 which are approximately at 45 ° and are oriented such that the outer circumferential surface of the wheels 36, which are seen above the guideways 5, in the immediate vicinity of the folding lines 31, 32 the folding box blank 2 touch.
  • the middle piece 27 is thereby pressed directly next to the fold lines 31, 32 onto the guideway 5 and cannot be lifted upwards when the side flaps are bent from the flat-lying position into the position shown in the middle in FIG. 2 is.
  • the axles 37 of the wheels 36 are mounted in a frame, not shown, which is connected to the base frame of the folding machine 1 via a bridge frame, also not shown, so that the folding box blanks 2 can run freely.
  • the profile 19 on the back of the folding straps 13, 14 is now explained below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9.
  • the profile is sawtooth-shaped and is located on the back of a toothed belt 49, which ensures the positive and thus slip-free movement of the folding belts 13, 14.
  • the sawtooth-shaped profile 19 consists of a comparatively slightly inclined bearing surface 39 and a strongly inclined rear surface 41. Between the bearing surface 39 and the rear surface 41 there is an apex 42 of the profile, while the rear surface 41 and the bearing surface 39 are delimited by two minima 43 at the other two ends.
  • This profile shape is arranged several times along the folding belt 13, 14, the distance between two minima 43 having the center distance of two successive folding box blanks 2, which, viewed in the direction of transport of the folding box blanks 2, have the maximum dimensions that can be processed on the folding machine 1.
  • the support surface 39 which runs obliquely with respect to the front side 38 of the folding belt, which supports the teeth
  • the oblique angle at which the working strand 23 passes relative to the side flap 28 or 29 in the starting position or end position is compensated, the starting position being understood as that position , in which the side flap 28 or 29 passes through the axis 18, while the end position is the position which the side flap 28, 29 assumes when it is moved past the axis 17.
  • This avoids that the leading floor or lid flap 34 is prematurely bent inwards in the region of the slot 33 by the obliquely rising working strand 23 and is supported on the middle piece 23.
  • the left folding belt 13 is shown in a view from the center of the machine.
  • the length is chosen so that the working strand 23 contains two "saw teeth”.
  • the bearing surface 39 is divided into two partial bearing surfaces 44, 45, which merge into one another on a comb 46 running in the longitudinal direction of the folding belt 13, which at the selected position of the axes 17, 18 extends over the center of the folding belt 13.
  • This comb 46 extends from the minimum 43 to the apex 42, while for reasons of material savings and because of the stability the profile 19 on the rear surface 41 is flattened, as shown.
  • a flat-lying folding box blank 2 is pulled off a stack and pushed onto the guideways 5 from the right, based on FIG. 1.
  • the timing between the folding belt 13 and the folding box blank 2 to be advanced is chosen such that when its leading edge passes through the plane defined by the axes 18, a minimum 43 of the two folding belts 13 has already passed this plane so that the The front edge of the folding box blank 2 does not abut a rear side 41.
  • the working strand 23 of both folding belts 13 moves horizontally at the same speed as the folding box blank 2, which, as soon as it has completely reached the guideways 5, from the transport belts 6 and their drivers are taken over and advanced at a constant speed.
  • the apex is so high with respect to the toothed front of the folding belt 13 that the partial contact surface 44 running at an angle of 45 ° to the front of the folding belt 13 does not intersect the flank of the folding belt 13 even in the region of the minimum 43.
  • the folding belt 13 therefore has the same width throughout its entire length.
  • the downstream deflection roller 15 lies above the plane defined by the guideways 5.
  • the height of the deflection roller 15 above the guideway 5 corresponds to the distance that the deflection roller 16 has from the folding line 31 of the incoming folding box blank 2.
  • the roll 15 has moved closer to the fold line 31, so that when the folding box blank 2 with its side flap 28 passes the deflection roll 15, the side flap 38 is bent so as to project vertically upward.
  • the folding box blank 2 is pushed forward at a constant speed, the working strand 23 rising obliquely to the folding line 31 gradually pushes the side flap 28 upwards to the extent that the folding box blank 2 is pushed forward.
  • the wheels 36 which are omitted from FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity, hold the center piece 27 on the Guideways 5 down.
  • the second partial bearing surface 45 is designed such that it runs around the deflecting roller 15 with its respective outer or underside of the side flap 28 abuts the entire area. This is achieved in a fairly good approximation if it is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the folding belt 13 with respect to the partial support surface 44 and includes an angle along the straight comb 46 with the partial support surface 44 which corresponds to the angle by which the side flap 28 is set up, when she passes the pulley.
  • the deflection roller 15 In order to avoid excessive inward bending, the deflection roller 15 must of course be offset with its outer circumferential surface with respect to the fold line 31 to the outside by an amount which corresponds to the height of the apex from the front of the folding belt 13.
  • the subsequent folding belt 14 serves to bend the vertically projecting side flaps 28, 29 inwards so that their free edges overlap and the desired folding box hose 3 is created.
  • the folding straps 14 therefore have the same structure as the folding straps 13, which is why the same reference numerals are used in FIG. 3 for the designation.
  • Only the deflection rollers are arranged somewhat differently so that on the one hand the side flaps 28, 29 initially do not experience any change in position when passing through the axis 21 and are pressed down by the partial contact surface 45 on the center piece 27 when passing the axes 22.
  • the outlet-side deflection roller 22, which has the axis 22, is therefore seated above the adjacent guideway 5 at a distance from the folding line 31 which corresponds to the desired point of attack on the side flap 28, 29.
  • the height of this deflection roller above the guideway 5 is equal to the thickness of the folding belt 14 at the apex 42.
  • the profile 19 described above is not solid in a preferred embodiment, for example formed from a closed-cell foam, but, as shown in FIG. 5 shows, it consists of two strips 51 and 52 applied to a flat rear side 48 of a toothed belt 49, which run in a meandering shape in the longitudinal direction of the toothed belt 49 and are firmly attached, for example by welding. Their free edges 53 and 54 form the actual contact surfaces against which the side flaps 28, 29 rest.
  • the meandering strips 51 and 52 are therefore cut according to the profile described above.
  • 6 to 9 show perspective sections of the belt 49, which is cut in accordance with the previously described description of the profile. 6 shows a section as it occurs in the vicinity of the minimum 43.
  • the comb 46 is located above the center of the toothed belt 49, where the inwardly convex loops of the two strips 53 and 54 collide with their apices 55 and 56.
  • the strips 53, 54 are not connected to one another at these points in order not to impair the elasticity of the folding belt 13. Starting from this comb 46, which is at the greatest distance from the rear side 48, both strips 53, 54 are beveled towards the edges of the toothed belt 49 corresponding to the two partial contact surfaces 44, 45.
  • FIG. 9 finally shows a section of one of the folding belts 13, 14 from the area of the rear surface 41, in which, for reasons of strength and wear, a plateau surface 57 is formed which separates the extensions of the partial bearing surfaces 44, 45 from one another.
  • the new folding belt profile can not only be used on folding machines 1 in which, as the previous explanations show, the two folding belts 13, 14 run straight without restriction, but, as can be seen in the following FIGS. 10 and 11, a restricted arrangement of the Folding straps 13, find use.
  • the construction of the folding machine is fundamentally exactly the same as that of the folding machine 1 according to FIG. 1, which is why no further overview is shown and only the changed arrangement of the folding belts 13 , 14 in Figs. 10 and 11.
  • This representation corresponds in the consideration of the representation in FIGS. 3 and 4. Since to implement the embodiment according to 10 and 11 the same parts are used, these are also provided with the same reference numerals as above.
  • the folding belt 13 runs, i.e. the upstream folding belt, at the entrance of the folding machine, around two deflection rollers 15, 16, the axes 17 and 18 of which are perpendicular to one another.
  • the axis 18 lies in a horizontal plane below the guideway 5 and at such a distance that the apex 42 of the profile 19 lies in the plane defined by the guideways 5 when it intersects the plane containing the axes 18 and on the guideway 5 is vertical.
  • the support surface 39 which is undivided here, forms a flat surface which lies in the reference plane defined by the guideways 5.
  • a side flap 28 resting on this bearing surface 39 is therefore supported without the front edge being raised more than the rear edge.
  • the other deflecting roller 16 is located laterally next to and above the adjacent guideway 5 on the vertically extending axis 17.
  • the axis 17 has a lateral position which is selected so that when the folding box blank 2 passes, the apex 42 running over the deflecting roller 15 has a vertical plane touched, which goes through the fold line 31.
  • the same profile is used in the subsequent folding belt 14 according to FIG. 11, only the axes 21, 22 are oriented differently.
  • the position of the axis 21 is, with the exception of the fact that it is somewhat further downstream, the same as the position of the axis 17.
  • the axis 22, however, is above the guide track 5 and the associated deflection roller 22 'is, based on the folding line 31, for Center of the folding machine 1 shifted so that the compressive force can be introduced to the left folding belt 14 to the right of the folding line 31.
  • the height of the axis 22 above the guideway 5 corresponds to the radius of the deflection roller 22 plus the height of the apex 42 above the front side 38 of the toothed belt 49.
  • the first folding belt 13 sets the side flap vertically because each point of the support surface 39 moves upwards along an ascending helix.
  • the second folding belt 14 then bends a side flap 28 onto the middle piece 27.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 show sections of the folding belts 13 and 14, which are constructed in the same way as the folding belt from FIG. 5 or the following FIGS. 6 to 9, the strips being cut differently only according to the changed profile .
  • 12 shows a section near the minimum 43.
  • the flat bearing surface 39 touches the upper side 48 of the toothed belt 49 on the flank of the toothed belt 49 lying away from the center of the folding machine 1. Starting from here, the bearing surface 39 rises correspondingly to the flank lying towards the center of the machine the twist of the working strand 23.
  • Fig. 13 is a piece closer to the apex 42 the folding belt 13, 14 shown.
  • the contact surface 39 is a little further away from the rear surface 48 and, moreover, has a somewhat more acute angle to the rear side 48 compared to the piece from FIG. 12.
  • the cutout of the belt 13, 14, which 14 is shown, is finally almost at the apex 42, which is why the bearing surface 39 has only a very slight inclination with respect to the rear 48.
  • the support surface runs parallel to the rear side 48, as shown in FIG. 15. From FIG. 12 to FIG. 15, the distance that the center of the contact surface 39 has from the rear side 48 has continuously increased to the maximum value.
  • the folding belt 13, 14 according to FIGS. 12 to 15 has the same cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 4.
  • each of the two side flaps 28, 29 it is also possible to bend each of the two side flaps 28, 29 by 180 ° with a single folding belt, if the folding belt is chosen to be long enough and the axes around which the respective folding belt runs are almost parallel to one another. In such a case, the work strand rotates in space by 180 ° when it moves from one axis to the other. The side flap is taken accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Abstract

A folding machine (1) for shaping folding-box blanks (2) into folding-box tubes includes a frame in which guiding and drive means (4, 6) for the folding-box blanks (2) are arranged and mounted, with the aid of which the folding-box blanks (2) can be moved through the machine (1). At least two continuous, flexible folding belts (13, 14) extend alongside the guiding means (4, 6) and run round two mutually spaced axes (17, 18, 21, 22). The folding belts (13, 14) are used to bend the side flaps (28, 29) of the folding-box blank (2) around the folding lines (31) towards the central piece (27) situated between said flaps. To achieve results without the known pressure-application means, without a crooked folding being produced by the folding belts (13, 14) which run obliquely with respect to the side flaps (28, 29), the rear of each folding belt (13, 14) is provided with a saw-tooth-like profile (19) which compensates the oblique course between the folding belts (13, 14) of the side flaps (28, 29). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruches 1, die zum Falten von Faltschachtelzuschnitten vorgesehen ist.The invention is based on a device with the features of the preamble of claim 1, which is provided for folding folding box blanks.

Bei Faltschachtelzuschnitten handelt es sich um flachliegende Wellpappezuschnitte, die die Gestalt der Abwicklung der fertigen Faltschachtel haben. Diese Faltschachtelzuschnitte müssen, damit sie als Karton beim Verpacken aufgerichtet werden können, in Faltschachtelschläuche umgeformt werden, die längs einer Linie miteinander verbundene Ränder aufweisen. Zu diesem Zweck werden die Faltschachtelzuschnitte längs Faltlinien einwärts gebogen, die an der aufgerichteten Schachtel bzw. dem Karton zwei Kanten bilden, die sich diagonal gegenüberliegen und zwischen Boden und Deckel erstrecken. Die nach innen zu faltenden Teile werden als Seitenklappen bezeichnet und sind einerseits eine schmale Flachseite und andererseits eine breite Flachseite des späteren Kartons. An diesen Seitenklappen hängen große Laschen, die Teile von Boden oder Deckel bilden und mit dem Mittelstück, das bei der Faltung in Ruhe bleibt, lediglich über die späteren Seitenwände verbunden sind.Folding box blanks are flat corrugated cardboard blanks that have the shape of the processing of the finished folding box. These folding box blanks have to be formed into folding box hoses, which have edges connected to one another along a line, so that they can be erected as carton during packaging. For this purpose, the folding box blanks are bent inwards along fold lines which form two edges on the erected box or the cardboard box, which lie diagonally opposite and extend between the bottom and the lid. The parts to be folded inwards are called side flaps and are on the one hand a narrow flat side and on the other hand a wide flat side of the later carton. Large flaps hang from these side flaps, which form parts of the base or lid and with them the middle piece, which remains at rest when folded, is only connected via the later side walls.

Um diese Seitenklappen zur Ausbildung des Faltschachtelschlauches nach innen zu einzufalten oder einzuklappen, wurden sogenannte Faltriemen verwendet, die einen geschraubten Verlauf haben. Auf diese Weise wird die Seitenklappe, die zunächst plan liegt, synchron mit der Vorwärtsbewegung von unten her erfaßt und entsprechend dem Maß der Vorbewegung durch die Maschine umgeklappt. Wegen der Anordnung der Faltriemen bildet deren an der Seitenklappe anliegende Fläche eine gerade Schraubenlinie, die dafür sorgt, daß die vorauseilende Kante des Faltschachtelzuschnittes bereits stärker nach innen zu eingefaltet ist als der nacheilende Teil. Dies führt vor allem bei großen Faltschachteln dazu, daß die Seitenklappe nicht exakt der vorgerillten Faltlinie folgend umgebogen wird, sondern daß die tatsächliche Faltlinie im Bereich der vorauseilenden Kante des Zuschnittes weiter zur Mitte zu liegt als am rückwärtigen Bereich, wodurch die eingeklappten Seitenklappen nicht exakt zur Deckung kommen. Die Folge ist ein sogenanntes "Fishtailing".So-called folding straps were used to fold in or fold in these side flaps to form the folding box hose, which have a screwed course. In this way, the side flap, which initially lies flat, is grasped synchronously with the forward movement from below and folded over according to the degree of advance by the machine. Because of the arrangement of the folding straps, their surface contacting the side flap forms a straight helical line, which ensures that the leading edge of the folding box blank is already folded inward more than the trailing part. Especially with large folding boxes, this means that the side flap is not bent exactly following the pre-grooved fold line, but that the actual fold line in the area of the leading edge of the blank lies further towards the center than at the rear area, which means that the folded side flaps are not exactly closed Cover come. The result is a so-called "fishtailing".

Um dieses "Fishtailing" zu vermeiden, ist es aus der EP-PS 0086153 bekannt, auf die Faltriemen sogenannte Druckanleger zu setzen, um die Kraft etwa mittig, bezogen auf die Faltlinie, an der Seitenklappe einzuleiten. Der Druckanleger hat gegenüber der Rückseite des Faltriemens eine Höhe, die die Steigung des geschränkten Faltriemens ausgleicht, damit nur die Oberseite des Druckanlegers an der Seitenklappe anliegt und im übrigen die Seitenklappe keine Berührung mit dem Faltriemen hat.In order to avoid this "fishtailing", it is known from EP-PS 0086153 to put so-called pressure feeders on the folding straps in order to introduce the force approximately in the middle, based on the folding line, on the side flap. The pressure feeder has a height opposite the back of the folding belt that compensates for the incline of the folded folding belt, so that only the The top of the feeder rests against the side flap and the side flap has no contact with the folding strap.

Wegen der erheblichen Rücksprungkraft der Seitenklappe muß der Faltriemen bei der bekannten Maschine unterstützt und geführt werden, um nicht zu stark zurückgedrückt zu werden. Dennoch weicht der Faltriemen zwischen den Stützrollen aus, wodurch der eigentlichen Faltbewegung eine kleine oszillierende Bewegung überlagert ist. Hierdurch kommt bei den hohen Geschwindigkeiten moderner Faltmaschinen die Seitenklappe ins Schwingen. Die Schwingungen werden wegen der punktförmigen Belastung der Seitenklappe praktisch nicht gedämpft und können dazu führen, daß bei großen Zuschnitten aus schwacher Qualität die Seitenklappe über dem Druckanleger abknickt. Es besteht auch Gefahr, daß das an der Seitenklappe sitzende Boden- oder Deckelteil infolge der Schwingungen und des Luftwiderstandes zu weit nach innen gerät und sich auf dem Mittelstück abstützt. Die Folge davon ist eine schief verlaufende Faltlinie, die sich nachträglich nicht mehr ausrichten läßt.Because of the considerable return force of the side flap, the folding belt in the known machine must be supported and guided so as not to be pushed back too much. Nevertheless, the folding belt dodges between the support rollers, whereby a small oscillating movement is superimposed on the actual folding movement. This causes the side flap to swing at the high speeds of modern folding machines. The vibrations are practically not dampened due to the punctiform loading of the side flap and can lead to the side flap kinking above the pressure feeder in the case of large cuts of poor quality. There is also a risk that the bottom or lid part sitting on the side flap will get too far inward as a result of the vibrations and the air resistance and will be supported on the center piece. The consequence of this is an oblique folding line that can no longer be aligned later.

Ein weiterer Nachteil der Druckanleger zeigt sich, wenn die Zuschnitte wegen eines Fehlers stehen bleiben und von der Transporteinrichtung nicht mehr weiter gefördert werden können, während die Faltriemen nach wie vor laufen. Die Druckanleger stoßen an die Hinterkante des Zuschnitts an und werden, jedenfalls von schweren Pappequalitäten, ohne weiteres von dem Faltriemen abgerissen.Another disadvantage of the pressure feeder becomes apparent when the blanks stop due to an error and can no longer be conveyed by the transport device while the folding belts are still running. The pressure feeders abut the rear edge of the blank and, in any case of heavy cardboard qualities, are easily torn off the folding belt.

Ausgehend hiervon ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zum Falten von Faltschachtelzuschnitten zu schaffen, bei der die Seitenklappen exakt längs der Faltlinie gefaltet werden und die ohne Druckanleger und die damit verbundenen Nachteile auskommt.Proceeding from this, it is an object of the invention to provide a device for folding folding box blanks, in which the side flaps are folded exactly along the folding line and which does not require pressure feeders and the associated disadvantages.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1.

Infolge des durchgehenden Sägezahnprofils entsteht zwischen der Rückseite des Faltriemens und der Seitenklappe zumindest eine linienförmige Berührung, die über einen weiten Bereich der Seitenklappe reicht. Insbesondere kann auch die empfindliche Vorderkante des Zuschnitts unterstützt werden, wodurch Schwingungen aufgrund des Luftwiderstandes gedämpft werden. Selbst bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten besteht kaum eine Gefahr, daß die Seitenklappe, die jetzt nur noch unsymmetrisch schwingen könnte, nach innen zu umklappt und sich auf dem Mittelstück abstützt.As a result of the continuous sawtooth profile, there is at least a linear contact between the back of the folding belt and the side flap, which extends over a wide area of the side flap. In particular, the sensitive front edge of the blank can also be supported, which dampens vibrations due to the air resistance. Even at high speeds, there is hardly any risk that the side flap, which could now only swing asymmetrically, folds inwards and is supported on the center piece.

Die lange, zumindest linienförmige Berührung zwischen der Seitenklappe und dem jeweiligen Faltriemen vermindert auch die Gefahr des Abbrechens der Seitenklappe erheblich, weil die Faltkraft über eine größere Fläche eingeleitet wird.The long, at least line-shaped contact between the side flap and the respective folding strap also considerably reduces the risk of the side flap breaking off because the folding force is introduced over a larger area.

Selbst wenn die Faltschachtelzuschnitte stecken bleiben würden und die Faltriemen weiterlaufen, treten keine gefährlichen Situationen auf, weil die sanft ansteigenden Anlageflächen ohne weiteres unter den stehenden Faltschachtelzuschnitten durchlaufen können. Allenfalls die Faltschachtelzuschnitte werden dabei unter Umständen beschädigt, was jedoch keinen großen Verlust bedeutet.Even if the folding box blanks get stuck and the folding belts continue to run, there are no dangerous situations because the gently rising contact surfaces can easily pass under the standing folding box blanks. At most, the folding box blanks may be damaged, but this does not mean a great loss.

Beim Einrichten einer Faltmaschine auf ein neues Kartonformat kann es zur Justierung der Steuerzeiten unter Umständen notwendig sein, bei angehaltenem Transport der Faltschachtelzuschnitte die Faltriemen über ein Differentialgetriebe rückwärts zu verstellen. Auch hierbei können keine Beschädigungen auftreten, wenn die Rückfläche des Profils, die zwischen einem Scheitel und dem nachfolgenden Minimum liegt, unter einem Winkel gegenüber der Rückseite des Faltriemens verläuft, der kleiner als 90° ist.When setting up a folding machine to a new carton format, it may be necessary to adjust the timing to adjust the folding belts backwards via a differential gear when the folding of the carton blanks is stopped. Here, too, no damage can occur if the rear surface of the profile, which lies between a vertex and the subsequent minimum, runs at an angle to the rear of the folding belt that is less than 90 °.

Eine besonders gute Unterstützung wird erreicht, wenn der Scheitel jedes Sägezahns, den das Profil im Längsschnitt bildet, bezogen auf die Bewegungsrichtung des Faltriemens, von dem vorausgehenden Minimum einen Abstand hat, der gleich oder größer ist als der Abstand zu dem auf dem Scheitel in Bewegungsrichtung folgenden Minimum, weil dann auch große Faltschachtelzuschnitte über einen Bereich unterstützt werden, der mehr als die halbe Längenerstreckung der Seitenklappe, gesehen in Transportrichtung, ausmacht.A particularly good support is achieved if the vertex of each sawtooth, which the profile forms in longitudinal section, is at a distance from the preceding minimum that is equal to or greater than the distance to that on the vertex in the direction of movement, with respect to the direction of movement of the folding belt following minimum, because then large folding box blanks are supported over an area that is more than half the length of the side flap, viewed in the direction of transport.

Zum Einfalten der Seitenklappen kommen grundsätzlich zwei unterschiedliche Anordnungen der Faltriemen in Frage. Die Faltriemen können entweder geschränkt oder gedreht verlaufen, wobei der Faltriemen um zwei Achsen herumläuft, die im Winkel zueinander stehen, der etwa dem Betrag der zu erwartenden Faltung entspricht oder die Faltriemen können um Achsen umlaufen, die im wesentlichen parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind, so daß der Riemen unverschränkt gerade läuft. Im ersteren Fall wird zwar eine etwas größere Kraft auf die Riemen ausgeübt, doch kann bei dieser Anordnung erreicht werden, daß die Anlagefläche, bezogen auf die zu faltende Seitenklappe, in Ruhe bleibt. Im anderen Fall wird der Riemen praktisch nicht auf Verwindung beansprucht, dafür muß die Seitenklappe während der Faltbewegung gleichzeitig eine Bewegung quer zum Faltriemen ausführen, wodurch die Oberfläche des Profils auf Abrieb belastet wird. In jedem Fall werden aber die vorerwähnten Vorteile erzielt und in jedem Fall laufen die Faltriemen verhältnismäßig gleichmäßig um die endseitigen Achsen um, was bei der Verwendung von Druckanlegern der bekannten Art nicht der Fall ist. Hierbei entstehen schlagartige Radialbeschleunigungen mit der entsprechenden Lagerbelastung und Geräuschentwicklung.Basically, two different arrangements of the folding straps can be used to fold in the side flaps. The folding straps can either be twisted or twisted run, the folding belt runs around two axes that are at an angle to each other, which corresponds approximately to the amount of the expected folding or the folding belts can run around axes that are aligned substantially parallel to one another, so that the belt runs straight and unimpeded. In the former case, a somewhat greater force is exerted on the straps, but with this arrangement it can be achieved that the contact surface, in relation to the side flap to be folded, remains at rest. In the other case, the belt is practically not subjected to torsion, but the side flap must simultaneously perform a movement transversely to the folding belt during the folding movement, as a result of which the surface of the profile is subjected to abrasion. In any case, however, the aforementioned advantages are achieved and in any case the folding belts run relatively evenly around the end axes, which is not the case when using pressure feeders of the known type. Sudden radial accelerations occur with the corresponding bearing load and noise.

In beiden Ausführungsformen ist die Anlagefläche bzw. ein Teil der Anlagefläche so gestaltet, daß wenn der Scheitel des Profils über derjenigen Achse liegt, die am weitesten stromaufwärts liegt, eine Fläche entsteht, die mit der Ausgangslage der Seitenklappe in dieser Stellung identisch ist. Beim geschränkten Riemen bleibt die hierdurch entstehende ebene Fläche bis hin zu der nächsten Umlenkrolle bestehen.In both embodiments, the contact surface or part of the contact surface is designed such that when the apex of the profile lies above the axis which is the most upstream, a surface is created which is identical to the starting position of the side flap in this position. When the belt is set, the resulting flat surface remains up to the next pulley.

Beim ungeschränkten Riemen muß zusätzlich eine weitere Teilfläche vorgesehen sein, die in derselben Ebene liegt wie die Seitenklappe am Ende des Faltvorgangs mit dem betreffenden Faltriemen.In the case of the unrestricted belt, a further partial surface must be provided, which lies in the same plane as the side flap at the end of the folding process with the folding belt in question.

Zum Falten der Seitenklappe um 180° sind bei der ungeschränkten Anordnung in jedem Falle zwei Faltriemen je Seite der Vorrichtung hintereinander erforderlich. Im Falle der geschränkten Anordnung des Faltriemens kann mit einem einzigen Faltriemen je Seite das Auslangen gefunden werden, wobei jedoch eine etwas kompliziertere Verlaufsanordnung in Kauf genommen werden muß, um die Kante des Zuschnittes bzw. um die Faltlinie herumzukommen.To fold the side flap by 180 °, the folding arrangement requires two folding straps one behind the other on each side of the device. In the case of the restricted arrangement of the folding belt, the length can be found with a single folding belt on each side, but a somewhat more complicated course arrangement has to be accepted in order to get around the edge of the blank or around the folding line.

Ein Faltriemen, der leicht ist und ohne weiteres um die endseitigen Achsen herumläuft, wird erhalten, wenn auf der Rückseite des Faltriemens anstelle eines Vollprofils lediglich wenigstens eine entsprechend dem Profil gestaltete Leiste vorgesehen ist, deren von der Riemenrückseite wegweisende Schmalseite die Anlagefläche bildet. Der Biegewiderstand beim Umlenken um die endseitigen Achsen läßt sich noch verkleinern, wenn die Leiste auf der Rückseite des Faltriemens einen wellen- oder mäanderförmigen Verlauf hat. Beim Umlaufen um die endseitigen Achsen treten dann praktisch keine Zugspannungen im Bereich der Anlagefläche auf. Andererseits kann eine besonders stabile Anlagefläche erhalten werden, wenn auf der Rückseite des Faltriemens zwei wellen oder mäanderförmige Leisten vorgesehen sind, die bevorzugt so angeordnet sind, daß sie mit ihren aufeinander zu weisenden konvexen Ausbuchtungen über der Mitte des Faltriemens zusammenstoßen.A folding belt that is light and easily runs around the end axes is obtained if on the back of the folding belt instead of a full profile only at least one bar designed according to the profile is provided, the narrow side of which points away from the back of the belt forms the contact surface. The bending resistance when deflecting around the end axes can be reduced even more if the bar on the back of the folding belt has a wave-like or meandering course. When rotating around the end axes, there are practically no tensile stresses in the area of the contact surface. On the other hand, a particularly stable contact surface can be obtained if two corrugated or meandering strips are provided on the back of the folding belt, which are preferably arranged so that they collide with their convex bulges facing one another over the center of the folding belt.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele des Gegenstandes der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung mit insgesamt vier unverschränkten Faltriemen zum Falten von Faltschachtelzuschnitten in stark schematisierter, perspektivischer Darstellung,
Fig. 2
einen stromaufwärts gelegenen Faltriemen in perspektivischer Darstellung, gesehen von der Mitte der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
den auf den Faltriemen aus Fig. 2 folgenden Faltriemen der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1, ebenfalls von der Mitte der Vorrichtung her,
Fig. 4
einen der Faltriemen der vorhergehenden Figuren in einem Längsschnitt und im Ausschnitt,
Fig. 5
einen für die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 geeigneten Faltriemen in einer Draufsicht,
Fig. 6 bis 9
Abschnitte des Faltriemens nach Fig. 5 für die Vorrichtung nach den Fig. 1 bis 3,
Fig. 10 und 11
geschränkt angeordnete Faltriemen für die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 und
Fig. 12 bis 15
Ausschnitte eines Faltriemens für eine Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung mit geschränkt verlaufenden Faltriemen mit auf der Rückseite mäanderförmig angebrachten Leisten.

Exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a device according to the invention with a total of four unconvoluted folding straps for folding folding box blanks in a highly schematic, perspective view,
Fig. 2
2 shows an upstream folding belt in a perspective view, seen from the center of the device according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
the folding belt of the device according to FIG. 1 following the folding belt from FIG. 2, likewise from the center of the device,
Fig. 4
one of the folding straps of the previous figures in a longitudinal section and in a cutout,
Fig. 5
1 is a top view of a folding belt suitable for the device according to FIG. 1,
6 to 9
5 for the device according to FIGS. 1 to 3,
10 and 11
folded folding belt for the device according to FIGS. 1 and
12 to 15
Cutouts of a folding belt for a device according to the invention with folded folding belts with strips meandering on the back.

In Fig. 1 ist perspektivisch und stark schematisiert eine Faltmaschine 1 veranschaulicht, die dazu dient, ankommende und zunächst flach liegende Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2 in Faltschachtelschläuche 3 umzuformen, damit die überlappenden Ränder in einer nachfolgenden, nicht gezeigten Station mittels eines Klebers oder Heftklammern dauerhaft miteinander verbunden werden. Bei der Darstellung in Fig. 1 sind nur jene Teile gezeigt, die für das Verständnis der Erfindung notwendig sind, um andererseits die Übersichtlichkeit zu wahren. Sonst würden die wichtigen Einzelheiten in der Vielfalt der Linien untergehen.In Fig. 1, a folding machine 1 is shown in perspective and highly schematic, which is used to convert incoming and initially flat folding box blanks 2 into folding box hoses 3 so that the overlapping edges are permanently connected to one another in a subsequent station, not shown, by means of an adhesive or staples . In the illustration in FIG. 1 only those parts are shown which are necessary for understanding the invention, on the other hand to maintain clarity. Otherwise the important details would be lost in the diversity of the lines.

Die Faltmaschine 1 enthält an der Oberseite eines horizontal und gerade sich erstreckenden Untergestells oder Rahmens, der nicht weiter veranschaulicht ist, zwei parallel zueinander verlaufende Führungsschienen 4, deren auf gleicher Höhe liegende Oberseiten 5 Gleit- oder Führungsbahnen bilden, auf denen die Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2, bezogen auf Fig. 1 von rechts kommend nach links durch die Faltmaschine 1 bewegt werden. Um die Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2 längs der Führungsschienen 4 zu bewegen, ist eine Transportvorrichtung vorgesehen, von der zwei parallel mit Abstand voneinander verlaufende Zahnriemen 6 zwischen den Führungsschienen 4 sichtbar sind. Die Ober- oder Rückseite der beiden Zahnriemen 6 liegt in der Ebene, die durch die Führungsbahnen 5 definiert ist und trägt Mitnehmer 7, deren Abstand voneinander, gesehen in Längsrichtung eines der jeweiligen Zahnriemen 6, dem Mittenabstand zweier aufeinanderfolgender Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2 entspricht. Die beiden Zahnriemen 6 laufen endseitig um Umlenkscheiben 8 und 9 um, die am Anfang und am Ende der Faltmaschine auf Achsen 11 bzw. 12 drehbar in dem nicht gezeigten Grundrahmen gelagert sind. Von diesen Umlenkrollen 8, 9 sind die Umlenkrollen 9 loselaufend und die Umlenkrollen 8 im allgemeinen Maschinentakt angetrieben, damit sich die Zahnriemen 6 synchron miteinander und synchron mit den übrigen Bewegungen der Faltmaschine anzutreiben.The folding machine 1 contains on the top of a horizontally and straight extending underframe or frame, which is not further illustrated, two parallel guide rails 4, the tops of which are at the same height and form 5 slideways or guideways on which the folding box blanks 2 relate 1 coming from the right are moved to the left by the folding machine 1. In order to move the folding box blanks 2 along the guide rails 4, a transport device is provided, of which two toothed belts 6 running parallel and at a distance from one another are visible between the guide rails 4. The top or back of the two toothed belts 6 lies in the plane which is defined by the guideways 5 and carries drivers 7, the distance from which, viewed in the longitudinal direction of one of the respective toothed belts 6, corresponds to the center distance of two successive folding box blanks 2. The two toothed belts 6 run around the end around deflection pulleys 8 and 9, which are rotatably mounted on axes 11 and 12 in the base frame (not shown) at the beginning and end of the folding machine. From these deflection rollers 8, 9, the deflection rollers 9 are free running and the deflection rollers 8 are driven in general machine cycle so that the toothed belts 6 are driven synchronously with one another and synchronously with the other movements of the folding machine.

Längs beider Führungsschienen 4 weist die Faltmaschine 1 je zwei endlose Faltriemen 13 und 14 auf, die in ihrer allgemeinen Erstreckung seitlich unterhalb der Führungsbahn 5 beginnen und oberhalb der Führungsbahn 5 enden. Die beiden Faltriemen 13 sind ebenso wie die beiden Faltriemen 14 spiegelsymmetrisch bezüglich der Längsachse der Faltmaschine 1 angeordnet. Der Faltriemen 13 auf der linken Seite der Faltmaschine 1, gesehen in Bewegungsrichtung der Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2, läuft um zwei Riemenscheiben 15 und 16, die auf Achsen 17 und 18 des Grundrahmens drehbar gelagert sind. Eine der Riemenscheiben 15 bzw. 16 ist mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung gekuppelt, um den Faltriemen 13 synchron mit den Zahnriemen 6 zu bewegen. Die Achsen 17 und 18 verlaufen parallel zueinander und unter einem Winkel von 45° gegenüber der durch die Führungsbahnen 5 definierten Ebene. Die Ausrichtung der Achsen 17 und 18 ist so, daß sie nach unten in Richtung auf die Symmetrieebene der Faltmaschine 1 zeigen, d.h. unter die Führungsschienen 4.Along both guide rails 4, the folding machine 1 has two endless folding belts 13 and 14, which in their general extent begin laterally below the guide track 5 and end above the guide track 5. The two folding belts 13, like the two folding belts 14, are arranged in mirror symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis of the folding machine 1. The folding belt 13 on the left side of the folding machine 1, viewed in the direction of movement of the folding box blanks 2, runs around two pulleys 15 and 16 which are rotatably mounted on axes 17 and 18 of the base frame. One of the pulleys 15 and 16 is coupled to a drive device in order to move the folding belt 13 synchronously with the toothed belt 6. The axes 17 and 18 run parallel to one another and at an angle of 45 ° to the plane defined by the guideways 5. The orientation of the axes 17 and 18 is such that they point downwards towards the plane of symmetry of the folding machine 1, i.e. under the guide rails 4.

Die genaue Höhen- und Seitenlage der beiden Umlenkscheiben 15 und 16 ergibt sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines auf der Rückseite des Faltriemens vorgesehenen Profiles 19.The exact height and lateral position of the two deflection disks 15 and 16 results from the following description of a profile 19 provided on the back of the folding belt.

Der in Transportrichtung der Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2 folgende Faltriemen 14 ist ebenso wie der Faltriemen 13 endlos und verläuft im wesentlichen in Verlängerung des Faltriemens 13. Der Faltriemen 14 läuft um zwei endseitige Riemenscheiben um, von denen lediglich ihre Drehachsen 21 und 22 schematisch veranschaulicht sind. Die Drehachsen 21 und 22 sind parallel zueinander und rechtwinklig zu den Drehachsen 17 und 18 des Faltriemens 13. Die beiden Drehachsen 22 der beiden Faltriemen 14 liegen in einer gemeinsamen Ebene und konvergieren nach oben zu. Entsprechendes gilt für die beiden Drehachsen 21, während die Drehachsen 15 und 16 der beiden Faltriemen 13 auch jeweils paarweise in einer Ebene liegen, jedoch nach unten konvergieren; die Faltriemen 14 sind ebenfalls synchron angetrieben. Sie sind auf ihrer Rückseite mit demselben Profil 19 versehen wie die Faltriemen 13.The folding belt 14 following in the transport direction of the folding box blanks 2, like the folding belt 13, is endless and essentially extends the folding belt 13. The folding belt 14 runs around two end pulleys, of which only one their axes of rotation 21 and 22 are illustrated schematically. The axes of rotation 21 and 22 are parallel to one another and at right angles to the axes of rotation 17 and 18 of the folding belt 13. The two axes of rotation 22 of the two folding belts 14 lie in a common plane and converge towards the top. The same applies to the two axes of rotation 21, while the axes of rotation 15 and 16 of the two folding belts 13 also lie in pairs in one plane, but converge downwards; the folding belts 14 are also driven synchronously. They are provided on the back with the same profile 19 as the folding straps 13.

Aufgrund der Anordnung der insgesamt vier Faltriemen 13, 14 entsteht an jedem der Faltriemen 13, 14 ein Arbeitstrum 23 bzw. 24, das in Richtung der Transportbewegung der Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2 bzw. des Faltschachtelschlauches 3 läuft und mit dem Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 zusammenwirkt, während ein Leertrum 25, 26 ohne Berührung des Faltschachtelzuschnittes 2 leer in der entgegengesetzten Richtung zurückläuft.Due to the arrangement of the total of four folding belts 13, 14, a working strand 23 or 24 is formed on each of the folding belts 13, 14, which runs in the direction of the transport movement of the folding box blanks 2 or the folding box hose 3 and interacts with the folding box blank 2, while an empty strand 25 , 26 runs empty in the opposite direction without touching the folding box blank 2.

Die Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2 liegen, wenn sie in die Faltmaschine 1 gelangen, zunächst vollkommen flach, wie dies in Fig. 1 auf der rechten Seite gezeigt ist. Sie bestehen aus einem Mittelstück 27 sowie zwei damit einstückig verbundenen Seitenklappen 28 und 29. Die Seitenklappen 28 und 29 stoßen an gegebenenfalls vorgerillten Faltlinien 31 und 32 an das Mittelstück 27 an und bilden bei der fertig aufgerichteten Faltschachtel zwei sich diagonal gegenüberliegende Kanten, die vom Boden bis zum Deckel reichen. In Verlängerung der Faltlinien 31 und 32 enthält der Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 vier Schlitze 33, die ein Stück weit in den Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 hereinreichen und das spätere Umklappen einer Boden- oder Deckelklappe 34 gestatten. Damit beim Umschlagen der beiden Seitenklappen 28, 29 das Mittelstück 27 nicht von den Führungsbahnen 5 abgehoben wird, sind Niederhalter vorgesehen, die eine Vielzahl lose drehbarer Räder mit scheiben- oder kegelförmiger Gestalt aufweisen. Die lose drehbaren Räder 36 laufen auf Achsen 37, die etwa unter 45° stehen und so ausgerichtet sind, daß die Außenumfangsfläche der Räder 36, die von oben gesehen sich über den Führungsbahnen 5 befinden, in unmittelbarer Nähe der Faltlinien 31, 32 den Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 berühren. Das Mittelstück 27 wird dadurch unmittelbar neben den Faltlinien 31, 32 auf die Führungsbahn 5 niedergedrückt und kann nicht nach oben gehoben werden, wenn die Seitenklappen, ausgehend von der flachliegenden Stellung, in die Stellung umgebogen werden, die in Fig. 2 in der Mitte gezeigt ist.When they get into the folding machine 1, the folding box blanks 2 initially lie completely flat, as shown in FIG. 1 on the right-hand side. They consist of a middle piece 27 and two side flaps 28 and 29 connected to it in one piece. The side flaps 28 and 29 abut the middle piece 27 on fold lines 31 and 32, which may be pre-grooved, and form two diagonally opposite edges in the finished erected carton, from the floor reach to the lid. In an extension of the folding lines 31 and 32, the folding box blank 2 contains four slots 33 which extend a little way into the folding box blank 2 and which later folds over allow a bottom or lid flap 34. So that the middle piece 27 is not lifted off the guideways 5 when the two side flaps 28, 29 are turned over, hold-down devices are provided which have a plurality of loosely rotatable wheels with a disk-shaped or conical shape. The loosely rotatable wheels 36 run on axes 37 which are approximately at 45 ° and are oriented such that the outer circumferential surface of the wheels 36, which are seen above the guideways 5, in the immediate vicinity of the folding lines 31, 32 the folding box blank 2 touch. The middle piece 27 is thereby pressed directly next to the fold lines 31, 32 onto the guideway 5 and cannot be lifted upwards when the side flaps are bent from the flat-lying position into the position shown in the middle in FIG. 2 is.

Die Achsen 37 der Räder 36 sind in einem nicht veranschaulichten Gestell gelagert, das über einen ebenfalls nicht veranschaulichten Brückenrahmen mit dem Untergestell der Faltmaschine 1 verbunden ist, damit die Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2 frei hindurchlaufen können.The axles 37 of the wheels 36 are mounted in a frame, not shown, which is connected to the base frame of the folding machine 1 via a bridge frame, also not shown, so that the folding box blanks 2 can run freely.

Das Profil 19 auf der Rückseite der Faltriemen 13, 14 ist nun nachstehend anhand der Fig. 2 bis 9 erläutert. Im Längsschnitt bzw. der Seitenansicht der Faltriemen 13, 14 ist das Profil sägezahnförmig und befindet sich auf der Rückseite eines Zahnriemens 49, wodurch die formschlüssige und damit schlupffreie Bewegung der Faltriemen 13, 14 gewährleistet ist. Das sägezahnförmige Profil 19 besteht aus einer vergleichsweise gering geneigten Auflagefläche 39 sowie einer stark geneigten Rückfläche 41. Zwischen der Auflagefläche 39 und der Rückfläche 41 liegt jeweils ein Scheitel 42 des Profils, während die Rückfläche 41 und die Auflagefläche 39 an den anderen beiden Enden von zwei Minima 43 begrenzt ist. Diese Profilgestalt ist längs des Faltriemens 13, 14 mehrfach angeordnet, wobei der Abstand zwischen zwei Minima 43 dem Mittenabstand von zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Faltschachtelzuschnitten 2 aufweist, die, gesehen in Transportrichtung der Faltschachtelzuschnitte 2, die Maximalabmessungen aufweisen, die auf der Faltmaschine 1 verarbeitet werden können. Infolge der gegenüber der Vorderseite 38 des Faltriemens, die die Zähne trägt, schräg verlaufenden Auflagefläche 39 wird der Schrägwinkel ausgeglichen, unter dem das Arbeitstrum 23 gegenüber der Seitenklappe 28 bzw. 29 in der Ausgangslage bzw. Endlage passiert, wobei unter Ausgangslage jene Stellung verstanden ist, bei der die Seitenklappe 28 bzw. 29 die Achse 18 passiert, während die Endlage die Stellung ist, die die Seitenklappe 28, 29 einnimmt, wenn sie an der Achse 17 vorbei bewegt wird. Hierdurch wird vermieden, daß die vorauslaufende Boden- bzw. Deckelklappe 34 von dem schräg aufsteigenden Arbeitstrum 23 vorzeitig im Bereich des Schlitzes 33 nach innen gebogen wird und sich auf dem Mittelstück 23 abstützt.The profile 19 on the back of the folding straps 13, 14 is now explained below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9. In longitudinal section or the side view of the folding belts 13, 14, the profile is sawtooth-shaped and is located on the back of a toothed belt 49, which ensures the positive and thus slip-free movement of the folding belts 13, 14. The sawtooth-shaped profile 19 consists of a comparatively slightly inclined bearing surface 39 and a strongly inclined rear surface 41. Between the bearing surface 39 and the rear surface 41 there is an apex 42 of the profile, while the rear surface 41 and the bearing surface 39 are delimited by two minima 43 at the other two ends. This profile shape is arranged several times along the folding belt 13, 14, the distance between two minima 43 having the center distance of two successive folding box blanks 2, which, viewed in the direction of transport of the folding box blanks 2, have the maximum dimensions that can be processed on the folding machine 1. As a result of the support surface 39, which runs obliquely with respect to the front side 38 of the folding belt, which supports the teeth, the oblique angle at which the working strand 23 passes relative to the side flap 28 or 29 in the starting position or end position is compensated, the starting position being understood as that position , in which the side flap 28 or 29 passes through the axis 18, while the end position is the position which the side flap 28, 29 assumes when it is moved past the axis 17. This avoids that the leading floor or lid flap 34 is prematurely bent inwards in the region of the slot 33 by the obliquely rising working strand 23 and is supported on the middle piece 23.

In der perspektivischen Darstellung von Fig. 2 ist der linke Faltriemen 13 in einer Ansicht von der Maschinenmitte her gezeigt. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Länge so gewählt, daß das Arbeitstrum 23 zwei "Sägezähne" enthält.In the perspective view of FIG. 2, the left folding belt 13 is shown in a view from the center of the machine. In this embodiment, the length is chosen so that the working strand 23 contains two "saw teeth".

Um die vorerwähnte Anlagebedingung zwischen der Seitenklappe 28 und dem Faltriemen 13 zu erreichen, ist die Auflagefläche 39 in zwei Teilauflageflächen 44, 45 aufgeteilt, die an einem in Längsrichtung des Faltriemens 13 verlaufenden Kamm 46 ineinander übergehen, der bei der gewählten Lage der Achsen 17, 18 über der Mitte des Faltriemens 13 verläuft. Dieser Kamm 46 reicht von dem Minimum 43 bis zu dem Scheitel 42, während aus Materialersparnisgründen und wegen der Stabilität das Profil 19 auf der Rückfläche 41, wie dargestellt, abgeflacht ist.In order to achieve the abovementioned contact condition between the side flap 28 and the folding belt 13, the bearing surface 39 is divided into two partial bearing surfaces 44, 45, which merge into one another on a comb 46 running in the longitudinal direction of the folding belt 13, which at the selected position of the axes 17, 18 extends over the center of the folding belt 13. This comb 46 extends from the minimum 43 to the apex 42, while for reasons of material savings and because of the stability the profile 19 on the rear surface 41 is flattened, as shown.

Die Lage und die Höhe der Teilauflageflächen 44, 45 ergibt sich aus der Funktionsbeschreibung:The position and the height of the partial contact surfaces 44, 45 result from the functional description:

Mittels einer nicht gezeigten Zuführeinrichtung wird ein flachliegender Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 von einem Stapel abgezogen und auf die Führungsbahnen 5 von rechts kommend, bezogen auf Fig. 1, vorgeschoben. Dabei ist die zeitliche Abstimmung zwischen den Faltriemen 13 und dem vorzuschiebenden Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 so gewählt, daß wenn dessen vorauseilende Vorderkante die Ebene, die durch die Achsen 18 definiert ist, durchsetzt, bereits ein Minimum 43 der beiden Faltriemen 13 diese Ebene passiert hat, damit die Vorderkante des Faltschachtelzuschnittes 2 nicht an einer Rückseite 41 anstößt. In dem Maße, in dem nun mit kontinuierlicher Geschwindigkeit der Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 weiter vorgeschoben wird, bewegt sich das Arbeitstrum 23 beider Faltriemen 13 horizontal mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit wie der Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2, der, sobald er vollständig auf die Führungsbahnen 5 gelangt ist, von den Transportriemen 6 und deren Mitnehmern übernommen und mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit vorgeschoben wird.By means of a feed device, not shown, a flat-lying folding box blank 2 is pulled off a stack and pushed onto the guideways 5 from the right, based on FIG. 1. The timing between the folding belt 13 and the folding box blank 2 to be advanced is chosen such that when its leading edge passes through the plane defined by the axes 18, a minimum 43 of the two folding belts 13 has already passed this plane so that the The front edge of the folding box blank 2 does not abut a rear side 41. To the extent that the folding box blank 2 is now advanced at a continuous speed, the working strand 23 of both folding belts 13 moves horizontally at the same speed as the folding box blank 2, which, as soon as it has completely reached the guideways 5, from the transport belts 6 and their drivers are taken over and advanced at a constant speed.

Während dieser Vorschubbewegung wird ein Zeitpunkt erreicht, bei dem zwei Scheitel 42 der beiden Faltriemen 13 gleichzeitig ― beide Faltriemen 13 laufen mit derselben Phasenlage ― durch die von den beiden Achsen 18 definierte Ebene hindurchlaufen. Diese Stellung definiert die Lage der ersten Teilauflagefläche 44, die so gestaltet ist, daß sie, wenn die Stellung erreicht ist, horizontal liegt und mit der Unterseite der Seitenklappe 28 fluchtet, d.h. sie liegt in Verlängerung der durch die Führungsbahnen 5 definierten Ebene und ist ebenfalls eben. Dementsprechend liegt die Umlenkrolle 16 mit ihrer Achse so weit unterhalb der Führungsbahnen 5, daß diese Bedingung erreicht werden kann. Dabei ist der Scheitel gegenüber der gezahnten Vorderseite des Faltriemens 13 so hoch liegend, daß die im Winkel von 45° zu der Vorderseite des Faltriemens 13 verlaufende Teilauflagefläche 44 auch im Bereich des Minimums 43 nicht die Flanke des Faltriemens 13 schneidet. Der Faltriemen 13 hat deswegen über seine gesamte Länge durchgehend gleiche Breite.During this feed movement, a point in time is reached at which two vertices 42 of the two folding belts 13 run simultaneously - both folding belts 13 run in the same phase position - through the plane defined by the two axes 18. This position defines the position of the first partial support surface 44, which is designed so that when the position is reached, it is horizontal and is flush with the underside of the side flap 28, ie it is an extension of the plane defined by the guideways 5 and is also flat. Accordingly, the deflection roller 16 lies with its axis so far below the guideways 5 that this condition can be achieved. The apex is so high with respect to the toothed front of the folding belt 13 that the partial contact surface 44 running at an angle of 45 ° to the front of the folding belt 13 does not intersect the flank of the folding belt 13 even in the region of the minimum 43. The folding belt 13 therefore has the same width throughout its entire length.

Die stromabwärts gelegene Umlenkrolle 15 liegt über der von den Führungsbahnen 5 definierten Ebene. Die Höhe der Umlenkrolle 15 über der Führungsbahn 5 entspricht dem Abstand, den die Umlenkrolle 16 von der Faltlinie 31 des einlaufenden Faltschachtelzuschnittes 2 hat. Andererseits ist die Rolle 15 dichter an die Faltlinie 31 herangerückt, damit, wenn der Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 mit seiner Seitenklappe 28 die Umlenkrolle 15 passiert, die Seitenklappe 38 vertikal nach oben ragend umgebogen ist.The downstream deflection roller 15 lies above the plane defined by the guideways 5. The height of the deflection roller 15 above the guideway 5 corresponds to the distance that the deflection roller 16 has from the folding line 31 of the incoming folding box blank 2. On the other hand, the roll 15 has moved closer to the fold line 31, so that when the folding box blank 2 with its side flap 28 passes the deflection roll 15, the side flap 38 is bent so as to project vertically upward.

Wenn nun bei dieser Einstellung der beiden Umlenkrollen 15 und 16 der Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 mit gleichbleibender Geschwindigkeit vorgeschoben wird, drückt das schräg zu der Faltlinie 31 aufsteigende Arbeitstrum 23 allmählich die Seitenklappe 28 nach oben in dem Maße, in dem der Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 vorgeschoben wird. Die Räder 36, die aus Fig. 2 der Übersichtlichkeit halber weggelassen sind, halten das Mittelstück 27 auf den Führungsbahnen 5 nieder.If, with this setting of the two deflecting rollers 15 and 16, the folding box blank 2 is pushed forward at a constant speed, the working strand 23 rising obliquely to the folding line 31 gradually pushes the side flap 28 upwards to the extent that the folding box blank 2 is pushed forward. The wheels 36, which are omitted from FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity, hold the center piece 27 on the Guideways 5 down.

Damit über den gesamten Weg des Faltschachtelzuschnittes 2 zwischen den beiden Umlenkrollen 15 und 16 die Seitenklappe 28 nicht schräg gegenüber der Faltlinie 31 gebogen wird, ist die zweite Teilauflagefläche 45 so gestaltet, daß sie beim Herumlaufen um die Umlenkrolle 15 mit ihren jeweils an der Außen- oder Unterseite der Seitenklappe 28 anliegenden Bereichen vollflächig anliegt. Dies wird in recht guter Näherung erreicht, wenn sie bezüglich der Längsachse des Faltriemens 13 zu der Teilauflagefläche 44 spiegelsymmetrisch ist und längs des gerade verlaufenden Kammes 46 mit der Teilauflagefläche 44 einen Winkel einschließt, der dem Winkel entspricht, um den die Seitenklappe 28 aufgestellt ist, wenn sie die Umlenkrolle passiert.So that the side flap 28 is not bent obliquely with respect to the folding line 31 over the entire path of the folding box blank 2 between the two deflecting rollers 15 and 16, the second partial bearing surface 45 is designed such that it runs around the deflecting roller 15 with its respective outer or underside of the side flap 28 abuts the entire area. This is achieved in a fairly good approximation if it is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the folding belt 13 with respect to the partial support surface 44 and includes an angle along the straight comb 46 with the partial support surface 44 which corresponds to the angle by which the side flap 28 is set up, when she passes the pulley.

Sinngemäß das gleiche geschieht mit der Seitenklappe 29 durch den auf der rechten Seite der Faltmaschine 1 angeordneten Faltriemen 13. Er ist in der gleichen Weise gestaltet.Analogously, the same happens with the side flap 29 by the folding belt 13 arranged on the right side of the folding machine 1. It is designed in the same way.

Um ein zu starkes Einwärtsbiegen zu vermeiden, muß selbstverständlich die Umlenkrolle 15 mit ihrer Außenumfangsfläche gegenüber der Faltlinie 31 um einen Betrag nach außen versetzt sein, der der Höhe des Scheitels von der Vorderseite des Faltriemens 13 entspricht.In order to avoid excessive inward bending, the deflection roller 15 must of course be offset with its outer circumferential surface with respect to the fold line 31 to the outside by an amount which corresponds to the height of the apex from the front of the folding belt 13.

Der nachfolgende Faltriemen 14 dient dazu, um die vertikal aufragenden Seitenklappen 28, 29 nun nach innen zu umzubiegen, damit sich ihre freien Ränder überlappen und der gewünschte Faltschachtelschlauch 3 entsteht. Die Faltriemen 14 haben deswegen denselben Aufbau wie die Faltriemen 13, weshalb in Fig. 3 zur Bezeichnung auch dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet sind. Lediglich die Umlenkrollen sind etwas anders angeordnet, damit einerseits die Seitenklappen 28, 29 beim Passieren der Achse 21 zunächst keine Lageänderung erfahren und beim Vorbeilaufen an den Achsen 22 auf das Mittelstück 27 von der Teilauflagefläche 45 niedergedrückt werden. Die ablaufseitige Umlenkrolle 22, die die Achse 22 hat, sitzt deswegen über der benachbarten Führungsbahn 5 mit einem Abstand von der Faltlinie 31, der der gewünschten Angriffsstelle auf der Seitenklappe 28, 29 entspricht. Die Höhe dieser Umlenkrolle über der Führungsbahn 5 ist gleich der Stärke des Faltriemens 14 an dem Scheitel 42.The subsequent folding belt 14 serves to bend the vertically projecting side flaps 28, 29 inwards so that their free edges overlap and the desired folding box hose 3 is created. The folding straps 14 therefore have the same structure as the folding straps 13, which is why the same reference numerals are used in FIG. 3 for the designation. Only the deflection rollers are arranged somewhat differently so that on the one hand the side flaps 28, 29 initially do not experience any change in position when passing through the axis 21 and are pressed down by the partial contact surface 45 on the center piece 27 when passing the axes 22. The outlet-side deflection roller 22, which has the axis 22, is therefore seated above the adjacent guideway 5 at a distance from the folding line 31 which corresponds to the desired point of attack on the side flap 28, 29. The height of this deflection roller above the guideway 5 is equal to the thickness of the folding belt 14 at the apex 42.

Damit die Faltriemen 13, 14 leicht mit geringem Radius um die Umlenkrollen herumlaufen können und die Masse so klein wie möglich ist, ist das oben beschriebene Profil 19 in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform nicht massiv, beispielsweise aus einem geschlossenzelligen Schaumstoff gebildet, sondern, wie Fig. 5 zeigt, besteht es aus zwei auf einer planen Rückseite 48 eines Zahnriemens 49 aufgebrachten Leisten 51 und 52, die mäanderförmig in Längsrichtung des Zahnriemens 49 verlaufen und stoffschlüssig, beispielsweise durch Schweißen, befestigt sind. Ihre freien Kanten 53 und 54 bilden die eigentlichen Anlageflächen, an denen die Seitenklappen 28, 29 anliegen. Die mäanderförmig verlaufenden Leisten 51 und 52 sind deswegen gemäß dem vorstehend beschriebenen Profil zugeschnitten.So that the folding belts 13, 14 can easily run around the deflection rollers with a small radius and the mass is as small as possible, the profile 19 described above is not solid in a preferred embodiment, for example formed from a closed-cell foam, but, as shown in FIG. 5 shows, it consists of two strips 51 and 52 applied to a flat rear side 48 of a toothed belt 49, which run in a meandering shape in the longitudinal direction of the toothed belt 49 and are firmly attached, for example by welding. Their free edges 53 and 54 form the actual contact surfaces against which the side flaps 28, 29 rest. The meandering strips 51 and 52 are therefore cut according to the profile described above.

Die Fig. 6 bis 9 zeigen perspektivische Ausschnitte des Riemens 49, der entsprechend der vorher erläuterten Beschreibung des Profils zugeschnitten ist. So zeigt Fig. 6 einen Abschnitt, wie er in der Nähe des Minimums 43 auftritt. Der Kamm 46 befindet sich über der Mitte des Zahnriemens 49, dort, wo die nach innen zu konvexen Schleifen der beiden Leisten 53 und 54 mit ihren Scheiteln 55 und 56 zusammenstoßen. Die Leisten 53, 54 sind an diesen Stellen nicht miteinander verbunden, um die Elastizität des Faltriemens 13 nicht zu beeinträchtigen. Ausgehend von diesem Kamm 46, der den größten Abstand von der Rückseite 48 aufweist, sind beide Leisten 53, 54 zu den Rändern des Zahnriemens 49 hin entsprechend den beiden Teilauflageflächen 44, 45 abgeschrägt.6 to 9 show perspective sections of the belt 49, which is cut in accordance with the previously described description of the profile. 6 shows a section as it occurs in the vicinity of the minimum 43. The comb 46 is located above the center of the toothed belt 49, where the inwardly convex loops of the two strips 53 and 54 collide with their apices 55 and 56. The strips 53, 54 are not connected to one another at these points in order not to impair the elasticity of the folding belt 13. Starting from this comb 46, which is at the greatest distance from the rear side 48, both strips 53, 54 are beveled towards the edges of the toothed belt 49 corresponding to the two partial contact surfaces 44, 45.

Je weiter zum Scheitel 42 liegend der Ausschnitt gewählt wird, umso größer ist, wie die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen, der Abstand des von dem innenliegenden Bereichen der mäanderförmigen Leisten 53 und 54 gebildeten Kamm 46 von der Rückseite 48 des Zahnriemens 49, bis schließlich in Fig. 8 bei 42 der Scheitel erreicht ist.7 and 8, the greater the distance between the crest 46 formed by the inner regions of the meandering strips 53 and 54 from the rear side 48 of the toothed belt 49, until finally 8 at 42 the apex is reached.

Fig. 9 zeigt schließlich einen Ausschnitt aus einem der Faltriemen 13, 14 aus dem Bereich der Rückfläche 41, in der aus Festigkeits- und Abnutzungsgründen eine Plateaufläche 57 ausgebildet ist, die die Ausläufer der Teilauflageflächen 44, 45 voneinander trennt.FIG. 9 finally shows a section of one of the folding belts 13, 14 from the area of the rear surface 41, in which, for reasons of strength and wear, a plateau surface 57 is formed which separates the extensions of the partial bearing surfaces 44, 45 from one another.

Das neue Faltriemenprofil kann nicht nur an Faltmaschinen 1 verwendet werden, bei denen, wie die vorhergehenden Erläuterungen zeigen, die beiden Faltriemen 13, 14 ungeschränkt gerade verlaufen, sondern, wie die nachfolgenden Fig. 10 und 11 erkennen lassen, kann auch eine geschränkte Anordnung der Faltriemen 13, Verwendung finden. Abgesehen von dem anderen Verlauf der Faltriemen 13, 14 ist der Aufbau der Faltmaschine von seinem Grundsatz her genau so wie dies bei der Faltmaschine 1 nach Fig. 1 der Fall ist, weshalb auf eine weitere Übersichtsdarstellung verzichtet ist und nur die geänderte Anordnung der Faltriemen 13, 14 in den Fig. 10 und 11 gezeigt ist. Diese Darstellung entspricht in der Betrachtung der Darstellung in den Fig. 3 und 4. Da zur Verwirklichung der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 10 und 11 dieselben Teile verwendet werden, sind diese auch mit denselben Bezugszeichen wie vorstehend versehen.The new folding belt profile can not only be used on folding machines 1 in which, as the previous explanations show, the two folding belts 13, 14 run straight without restriction, but, as can be seen in the following FIGS. 10 and 11, a restricted arrangement of the Folding straps 13, find use. Apart from the other course of the folding belts 13, 14, the construction of the folding machine is fundamentally exactly the same as that of the folding machine 1 according to FIG. 1, which is why no further overview is shown and only the changed arrangement of the folding belts 13 , 14 in Figs. 10 and 11. This representation corresponds in the consideration of the representation in FIGS. 3 and 4. Since to implement the embodiment according to 10 and 11 the same parts are used, these are also provided with the same reference numerals as above.

Bei dem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Fig. 10 und 11 läuft der Faltriemen 13, d.h. der stromaufwärts gelegene Faltriemen, am Eingang der Faltmaschine, um zwei Umlenkrollen 15, 16 um, deren Achsen 17 und 18 aufeinander senkrecht stehen. Die Achse 18 liegt in einer horizontalen Ebene unterhalb der Führungsbahn 5, und zwar in einem solchen Abstand, daß der Scheitel 42 des Profils 19 in der durch die Führungsbahnen 5 definierten Ebene liegt, wenn er die Ebene schneidet, die die Achsen 18 enthält und auf der Führungsbahn 5 senkrecht steht. In dieser Stellung des Faltriemens 13 bildet die Auflagefläche 39, die hierbei ungeteilt ist, eine ebene Fläche, die in der von den Führungsbahnen 5 definierten Bezugsebene liegt. Eine auf diese Auflagefläche 39 aufliegende Seitenklappe 28 wird deswegen gerade unterstützt, ohne daß die Vorderkante stärker angehoben werden würde als die Rückkante.In the further embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 11, the folding belt 13 runs, i.e. the upstream folding belt, at the entrance of the folding machine, around two deflection rollers 15, 16, the axes 17 and 18 of which are perpendicular to one another. The axis 18 lies in a horizontal plane below the guideway 5 and at such a distance that the apex 42 of the profile 19 lies in the plane defined by the guideways 5 when it intersects the plane containing the axes 18 and on the guideway 5 is vertical. In this position of the folding belt 13, the support surface 39, which is undivided here, forms a flat surface which lies in the reference plane defined by the guideways 5. A side flap 28 resting on this bearing surface 39 is therefore supported without the front edge being raised more than the rear edge.

Die andere Umlenkrolle 16 befindet sich seitlich neben und über der benachbarten Führungsbahn 5 auf der vertikal verlaufenden Achse 17. Die Achse 17 hat eine seitliche Lage, die so gewählt ist, daß bei vorbeilaufendem Faltschachtelzuschnitt 2 der über die Umlenkrolle 15 laufende Scheitel 42 eine vertikale Ebene berührt, die durch die Faltlinie 31 geht.The other deflecting roller 16 is located laterally next to and above the adjacent guideway 5 on the vertically extending axis 17. The axis 17 has a lateral position which is selected so that when the folding box blank 2 passes, the apex 42 running over the deflecting roller 15 has a vertical plane touched, which goes through the fold line 31.

Infolge dieser verdrehten Anordnung der beiden Achsen 17, 18 verläuft das Arbeitstrum 23 des Faltriemens 13 längs einer geraden Schraubenfläche, während die gerade Auflagefläche 39 über den gesamten Weg des Arbeitstrums 23 eben bleibt. Die Seitenklappe 28, und in gleicher Weise gilt dies auch für die Seitenklappe 29, wird an keiner Stelle stärker einwärts gebogen als an einer anderen Stelle, was auftreten würde, wenn das erläuterte Profil 19 nicht vorhanden wäre.As a result of this twisted arrangement of the two axes 17, 18, the working section 23 of the folding belt 13 runs along a straight screw surface, while the straight contact surface 39 remains flat over the entire path of the working section 23. The side flap 28, and in the same way this also applies to the side flap 29, is nowhere bent more inwards than at another point, which would occur if the profile 19 explained were not present.

Bei dem nachfolgenden Faltriemen 14 nach Fig. 11 ist dasselbe Profil verwendet, lediglich die Achsen 21, 22 sind anders orientiert. Die Lage der Achse 21 ist mit Ausnahme des Umstandes, daß sie etwas weiter stromabwärts liegt, dieselbe wie die Lage der Achse 17. Die Achse 22 dagegen liegt über der Führungsbahn 5 und die zugehörige Umlenkrolle 22′ ist, bezogen auf die Faltlinie 31, zur Mitte der Faltmaschine 1 hin verschoben, damit bei dem linken Faltriemen 14 rechts von der Faltlinie 31 die Druckkraft eingeleitet werden kann. Die Höhe der Achse 22 über der Führungsbahn 5 entspricht dem Radius der Umlenkrolle 22 zuzüglich der Höhe des Scheitels 42 über der Vorderseite 38 des Zahnriemens 49.The same profile is used in the subsequent folding belt 14 according to FIG. 11, only the axes 21, 22 are oriented differently. The position of the axis 21 is, with the exception of the fact that it is somewhat further downstream, the same as the position of the axis 17. The axis 22, however, is above the guide track 5 and the associated deflection roller 22 'is, based on the folding line 31, for Center of the folding machine 1 shifted so that the compressive force can be introduced to the left folding belt 14 to the right of the folding line 31. The height of the axis 22 above the guideway 5 corresponds to the radius of the deflection roller 22 plus the height of the apex 42 above the front side 38 of the toothed belt 49.

Wie die Fig. 10 und 11 erkennen lassen, stellt der erste Faltriemen 13 die Seitenklappe vertikal auf, weil jeder Punkt der Auflagefläche 39 sich längs einer aufsteigenden Schraubenlinie nach oben bewegt. Der zweite Faltriemen 14 biegt eine Seitenklappe 28 anschließend auf das Mittelstück 27 um.As can be seen in FIGS. 10 and 11, the first folding belt 13 sets the side flap vertically because each point of the support surface 39 moves upwards along an ascending helix. The second folding belt 14 then bends a side flap 28 onto the middle piece 27.

Die Fig. 12 bis 14 zeigen Ausschnitte aus den Faltriemen 13 und 14, die in der gleichen Weise aufgebaut sind wie der Faltriemen aus Fig. 5 bzw. den nachfolgenden Fig. 6 bis 9, wobei nur gemäß dem geänderten Profil die Leisten anders zugeschnitten sind. Fig. 12 stellt einen Ausschnitt in der Nähe des Minimum 43 dar. Die ebene Auflagefläche 39 berührt an der von der Mitte der Faltmaschine 1 abliegenden Flanke des Zahnriemens 49 dessen Oberseite 48. Von hier ausgehend steigt die Auflagefläche 39 zu der zur Maschinenmitte liegenden Flanke entsprechend dem Drall des Arbeitstrums 23 an. In Fig. 13 ist ein näher zu dem Scheitel 42 hin liegendes Stück der Faltriemen 13, 14 dargestellt. Wie zu sehen ist, ist die Auflagefläche 39 hierbei insgesamt etwas weiter von der Rückfläche 48 entfernt und hat obendrein, verglichen mit dem Stück aus Fig. 12, einen etwas spitzeren Winkel zu der Rückseite 48. Der Ausschnitt des Riemens 13, 14, der in Fig. 14 gzeigt ist, liegt schließlich fast bei dem Scheitel 42, weshalb die Auflagefläche 39 nur noch eine sehr geringe Neigung gegenüber der Rückseite 48 hat. Im Bereich des Scheitels 42 verläuft schließlich die Auflagefläche parallel zu der Rückseite 48, wie dies Fig. 15 zeigt. Von den Fig. 12 bis hin zur Fig. 15 hat sich der Abstand, den die Mitte der Auflagefläche 39 von der Rückseite 48 hat, kontinuierlich bis auf den Maximalwert gesteigert. Im Längsschnitt hat deswegen der Faltriemen 13, 14 nach den Fig. 12 bis 15 dieselbe Querschnittsgestalt wie sie in Fig. 4 gezeigt ist.12 to 14 show sections of the folding belts 13 and 14, which are constructed in the same way as the folding belt from FIG. 5 or the following FIGS. 6 to 9, the strips being cut differently only according to the changed profile . 12 shows a section near the minimum 43. The flat bearing surface 39 touches the upper side 48 of the toothed belt 49 on the flank of the toothed belt 49 lying away from the center of the folding machine 1. Starting from here, the bearing surface 39 rises correspondingly to the flank lying towards the center of the machine the twist of the working strand 23. In Fig. 13 is a piece closer to the apex 42 the folding belt 13, 14 shown. As can be seen, the contact surface 39 is a little further away from the rear surface 48 and, moreover, has a somewhat more acute angle to the rear side 48 compared to the piece from FIG. 12. The cutout of the belt 13, 14, which 14 is shown, is finally almost at the apex 42, which is why the bearing surface 39 has only a very slight inclination with respect to the rear 48. Finally, in the area of the apex 42, the support surface runs parallel to the rear side 48, as shown in FIG. 15. From FIG. 12 to FIG. 15, the distance that the center of the contact surface 39 has from the rear side 48 has continuously increased to the maximum value. In longitudinal section, therefore, the folding belt 13, 14 according to FIGS. 12 to 15 has the same cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 4.

Mit der geschränkten Faltriemenanordnung ist es auch möglich, jede der beiden Seitenklappen 28, 29 mit je einem einzigen Faltriemen um 180° herumzubiegen, wenn der Faltriemen entsprechend lang gewählt wird und die Achsen, um die der jeweilige Faltriemen herumläuft, nahezu parallel zueinander verlaufen. Das Arbeitstrum vollführt in einem solchen Falle eine Drehbewegung im Raum um 180°, wenn es sich von der einen Achse bis hin zu der anderen Achse bewegt. Entsprechend wird die Seitenklappe mitgenommen.With the folded folding belt arrangement, it is also possible to bend each of the two side flaps 28, 29 by 180 ° with a single folding belt, if the folding belt is chosen to be long enough and the axes around which the respective folding belt runs are almost parallel to one another. In such a case, the work strand rotates in space by 180 ° when it moves from one axis to the other. The side flap is taken accordingly.

Claims (15)

1. An apparatus (1) for the folding of folding box blanks (2) which in the starting condition lie flat and which have a central piece (27) and also side flaps (28, 29) connected to the central piece (27) and to be folded over along a folding line (31) in the direction of the central piece (27), the apparatus having a frame serving for the bearing and retention of guiding and driving means (4, 6) by which the folding box blanks can be moved uniformly with uniform alignment and spaced-out from one another through the apparatus (1), and also at least two endless flexible folding belts (13, 14) extending substantially in the conveying direction of the blanks and each rotating around two spaced-out axes (17, 18, 21, 22) which extend at substantially right angles to the folding line (31), the folding belts (13, 14), running synchronously with the movement of the blanks (2), pivoting the side flaps (28, 29) out of the plane of the central piece (27) and around the folding lines (31) as the pivoting axis in proportion to the movement of the particular blank with the folding belt (13, 14) in the conveying direction of the blanks (2), characterized in that on its rear side (48), which points radially outwards from the axes (17, 18, 21, 22) around which the particular folding belt (13, 14) rotates, each folding belt (13, 14) has a profile (19) which forms a bearing surface (39) for each side flap (28, 29) and which, referred to the longitudinal extension of the folding belt (13, 14), is saw-tooth-shaped in longitudinal section and contains at least one apex (42), which is at the largest distance in the longitudinally sectioned profile (19) from the front side (38) opposite the rear side (48), the profile (19) also containing a minimum (43), which is at the smallest distance from the front side (38) in the longitudinally sectioned profile (19), the bearing surface (39) lying between the leading minimum (43) and the following apex (42).
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that viewed in longitudinal section, the profile (19) forms a rear surface (41) extending at an inclination between the apex (42) and the following minimum (43).
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that viewed in the longitudinal direction, each folding belt (13, 14) has a number of apexes (42) and associated minimums (43); each portion of the profile (19), starting with a minimum (43), comprising a peak (42) and terminating at the adjoining minimum (43), forms a saw tooth; and the distance between two adjoining minimums (43) is greater than or equal to the dimensions of the folding box blanks (2), measured in the direction parallel with the folding lines (31).
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that referred to the direction of movement of the folding belt (13, 14), the apex (42) of each saw tooth is at a distance from the preceding minimum (43) which is equal to or greater than the distance from the minimum (43) following the apex (42) in the direction of movement.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the two axes (17, 18, 21, 22) around which the particular folding belt (13, 14) rotates enclose an angle with one another such that the front side (38) of the belt portions extending between the axes (17, 18, 21, 22) produces a straight helical surface, and the bearing surface (39) of the profile (19) lies, with the apex (42) standing above one of the axes (18, 21), in the same plane as the corresponding side flap (28, 29) of the particular blank (2) in this position.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the bearing surface (39) of each saw tooth lies in the plane of the folding box blank (2) when the apex (42) of the profile (19) lies above that axis (16) of a folding belt (13) which lies furthest upstream in the conveying direction of the folding box blanks (2).
7. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the two axes (17, 18, 21, 22) around which the folding belt (13, 14) extends enclose an angle of more than 90° with one another, such that a side flap (28, 29) is pivoted through 180° around the folding line (13) simply by means of a single folding belt (13, 14).
8. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the two axes (17, 18, 21, 22) of a folding belt (13, 14) enclose an angle of about 90° with one another, and each side flap (28, 29) is pivoted through 180° around the folding line (31) by means of two folding belts (13, 14) disposed one after the other in the conveying direction, starting from the initial position.
9. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the axes (17, 18, 21, 22) extend parallel with one another, and the bearing surface (39) is formed by two component bearing surfaces (44, 45) which merge into one another on the rear side (48) of the folding belt (13, 14) with the formation of a ridge (46) lying in the longitudinal direction of the folding belt (13, 14); with the apex (42) of the profile (19) lying above an axis (16), one component bearing surface (44) lies in the plane of the starting position of the side flap (28, 29) when the folding box blank (2) is situated above the axis (16); and the other component bearing surface (45) lies in the plane of the end position of the side flap (28, 29) when the folding box blank (2) passes the other axis (17), around which the folding belt (13, 14) rotates.
10. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that viewed in the conveying direction of the folding box blanks (2), at least two folding belts (13, 14) are disposed one after the other on each side of the apparatus (1).
11. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the folding belts (13, 14) is a flat belt (49) bearing on its rear side (48) at least one strip (53, 54) of a resilient material which stands vertically upright in relation to the rear side (48) and whose free narrow side (51, 52), pointing away from the folding belt (13, 14), forms the bearing surface (39).
12. An apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the strips (53, 54) are disposed in corrugated or meander shape in the longitudinal direction of the folding belt (13, 14).
13. An apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that on its rear side (48) the folding belt (13, 14) bears two strips (53, 54) which are arranged in corrugated shape and each of which occupies half the rear side (48), the strips (53, 54) abutting one another via their corrugated bulges (55, 56), which are convex in the direction of the centre of the particular folding belt (13, 14).
14. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the folding belts (13, 14) is a flat belt (49) bearing on its rear side (48) the profile (19) formed by a resilient material.
15. An apparatus according to claims 11 or 14, characterized in that the flat belt is a toothed belt (49).
EP90103384A 1989-03-18 1990-02-22 Folding machine Expired - Lifetime EP0388649B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3908981A DE3908981A1 (en) 1989-03-18 1989-03-18 FOLDING MACHINE
DE3908981 1989-03-18

Publications (2)

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EP0388649A1 EP0388649A1 (en) 1990-09-26
EP0388649B1 true EP0388649B1 (en) 1992-01-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90103384A Expired - Lifetime EP0388649B1 (en) 1989-03-18 1990-02-22 Folding machine

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EP (1) EP0388649B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE71878T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3908981A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0388649T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2028482T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3003649T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4028635C1 (en) * 1990-09-08 1991-12-12 Wilhelm Bahmueller, Maschinenbau Praezisionswerkzeuge Gmbh, 7067 Pluederhausen, De
SE503478C2 (en) * 1994-02-04 1996-06-24 Sund Emba Ab Apparatus for folding packaging materials by means of conveyors provided with pressure means
DE4439198A1 (en) * 1994-11-06 1996-05-09 Klett Alfred Device for processing a blank conveyed along a conveying path with a predetermined conveying speed
DE10241448A1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2004-03-18 Bahmüller Maschinenbau und Präzisionswerkzeug GmbH Folding machine with increased throughput
JP4671742B2 (en) * 2005-04-14 2011-04-20 ニッタ株式会社 Flat belt
CN102673017A (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-19 上海艾录纸包装有限公司 Device with anti-friction forming mechanism for inner films during bag manufacturing process
CN104528066B (en) * 2014-12-31 2016-08-24 云南云派包装有限公司 A kind of automatic folding device of portable carton backing plate
DE102015219238A1 (en) 2015-10-06 2017-04-06 Wilhelm B a h m ü l l e r Maschinenbau Präzisionswerkzeuge GmbH Folding strap for a device for folding folding carton blanks
CN105835408B (en) * 2016-05-24 2018-06-12 浙江嘉德欣包装装备有限公司 Corrugated paper flat tube liner molding machine
CN105835407B (en) * 2016-05-24 2018-07-27 浙江嘉德欣包装装备有限公司 Corrugated paper flat tube liner is oriented to molding structure
CN108656624A (en) * 2018-02-14 2018-10-16 温州高晟机械有限公司 A kind of mold cavity forming device of cavity unit and its composition

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3122070A (en) * 1962-03-08 1964-02-25 Ex Cell O Corp Method and apparatus for side seaming carton blanks by application of heat
DE2911969A1 (en) * 1979-03-27 1980-10-16 Bahmueller Masch W Folding method for box cut=outs - uses element guided sideways to cut=out and moved forward synchronously swivelling inwards during forward movement and then lifted off
FR2520665B1 (en) * 1982-02-04 1987-12-24 Martin Sa PLAQUE FOLDING MACHINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0388649A1 (en) 1990-09-26
DE3908981A1 (en) 1990-09-27
GR3003649T3 (en) 1993-03-16
ATE71878T1 (en) 1992-02-15
DE59000034D1 (en) 1992-03-05
DK0388649T3 (en) 1992-03-23
DE3908981C2 (en) 1991-01-31
ES2028482T3 (en) 1992-07-01

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