EP0387537A2 - Device for transmitting the position of a control element - Google Patents

Abstract

In addition to electro-mechanical means of transmission, a known device also has mechanical means of transmission between accelerator pedal and throttle valve. A disadvantage with the known device is that the electro-mechanical means are capable of adjusting the throttle valve from its rest position only in one direction. <??>By contrast, with the device according to the invention the electro-mechanical means are capable of adjusting the throttle valve (80) from its rest position in both directions. This is achieved in particular by means of a connecting (40) piece which can come to lie on a rest position stop (44). <??>The device is particularly suitable for motor vehicles with a slip and/or speed control system. <IMAGE>

Description

State of the art

The invention is based on a device for transmitting a setting position of a setpoint generator to a setting position of an actuating element that determines the output of a drive machine according to the preamble of the main claim.

In known devices in a machine, in particular in a vehicle, the actuating position of the setpoint generator is to be converted into the actuating position of the actuating element which determines the power of the drive machine by means of electromechanical transmission means. The electromechanical transmission means allow the transmission to be changed. In a vehicle, the change z. B. necessary to z. B. to avoid slippage between the drive wheels and a driving surface or z. B. to keep a driving speed of the vehicle at a certain value, regardless of the position of the setpoint generator.

If the machine is a vehicle with an Otto engine as the drive machine, then e.g. B. the setpoint can be connected to a gas pedal via a Bowden cable, and the Stellele ment can z. B. be connected to a throttle valve, and the position of the actuator can determine an opening angle of the throttle valve.

The device also contains mechanical transmission means through which the actuating element can be coupled to the setpoint generator, but the actuating element is decoupled from the setpoint generator if the actuating position of the actuating element corresponds to the actuating position of the setpoint generator. If for some reason the transmission of the set position of the setpoint generator to the position of the control element fails due to the electromechanical transmission means, the transmission takes place through the mechanical transmission means.

In a known device of this type, signals coming from the setpoint generator are transmitted to an electrical controller, which in turn influences the position of an actuator which is connected to an actuator. Between the setpoint generator and the actuator there is also a mechanical transmission element with a compensating element in which a game is built in, so that the transmission element is decoupled from the setpoint generator and / or the actuator and / or the actuator when the actuating position of the actuator Position of the setpoint generator corresponds.

If the setpoint generator is not actuated, the position of the actuator is moved into an end position by a return spring, which corresponds to an idle position. The position of the actuator can only be actuated from the end position in one direction of adjustment, which means a considerable restriction of the possibilities offered by the known device.

The compensating element of the transmission element contains a compression spring. This compression spring is not required per se in normal operation, unless one of the electrical transmission means has failed and the actuator is to be coupled to the setpoint generator via the mechanical transmission element. Is the compression spring z. B. failed due to a break before this eventuality occurs, this will only be noticed if the actuator is to be coupled to the setpoint generator via the mechanical transmission element, but this is not possible due to the broken compression spring. This means a security risk.

Advantages of the invention

The device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that an adjustment of the actuating element from a rest position is possible in two adjustment directions. This is brought about by an intermediate piece and a spring which resets a stop point of the intermediate piece against a stop of the adjusting element.

Advantageous further developments and improvements of the device specified in the main claim are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims.

By means of a restoring force of a spring acting on the intermediate piece, the intermediate piece can advantageously be reset to a precisely definable rest position. If the rest position is limited by an adjustable rest stop, the rest position of the intermediate piece can advantageously be adjusted as required.

Since the coupling force actuates the actuating element against the intermediate piece, at least in the rest position of the actuating element, can be determined the rest position of the intermediate piece, the rest position of the actuating element can also be precisely defined in an advantageous manner. It is particularly advantageous that the control element can be actuated from the rest position in two adjustment directions.

A contact can be used to determine whether the position of the intermediate piece deviates from the position of the setpoint generator by more than a definable switching distance. This can e.g. B. prevent in an advantageous manner that the actuator is moved too far in a direction increasing the power of the prime mover, although a lower power of the prime mover is desired according to the position of the setpoint generator. This is used in an advantageous manner for security, because it z. B. undesirable high speeds of the vehicle are excluded.

Through the clutch between the actuator and the actuator, it is also possible that the actuator can be released from the actuator in an advantageous manner, for. B. if the control position of the control element undesirably deviates too far from the control position of the setpoint generator. In addition, it is advantageously possible that, for. B. if the servomotor fails, the actuating element can be actuated without the servomotor having to be rotated as well.

It is also advantageous that the coupling force and the restoring force can be generated by a single spring by means of a force deflection, whereby one of the springs can be saved in the device.

drawing

Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.

FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention and FIGS. 3 to 5 show possible variants of the two exemplary embodiments.

Description of the embodiments

The construction and mode of operation of a device designed according to the invention in a machine, in particular in a vehicle, for transmitting a setting position of a setpoint generator to a setting position of an adjusting element determining a power of a drive machine will be explained in more detail using two exemplary embodiments with three sub-variants and with the aid of FIGS .

The device according to the invention can be used in any machine in which the power of the drive machine is to be controlled in some way. The machine can either be installed stationary, or it can e.g. B. a self-propelled machine, d. H. be a vehicle. Although not limited to this alone, the description of the exemplary embodiments assumes, for reasons of simplification, that the device according to the invention is installed in a vehicle with an Otto engine.

Figure 1 shows the first embodiment.

In FIG. 1, 2 denotes a foot-operated control element. In the vehicle with the Otto engine as the drive machine, the control element 2 is, for example, an accelerator pedal. The control element 2 can act on a setpoint generator 6 via a transmission element 4. The transmission element 4 may consist of one part or of several parts and z. B. a cable, a Bowden cable, a linkage, etc. In the drawing, the adjustment direction of the Setpoint generator 6 parallel to the direction of an arrow 8, ie in the direction of the arrow and counter to the direction of the arrow. A cam 10 is formed on the setpoint transmitter 6 transversely to the adjustment direction. A through opening 12 is provided in the cam 10. The transmission element 4 leads through the through opening 12. A thickening 14 is provided on an end of the transmission element 4 facing away from the control element 2. The thickening 14 is designed so that it does not fit through the through opening 12 of the setpoint generator 6.

A return spring 16 acts on the transmission element 4 against the direction of arrow 8 with the aim of actuating the thickening 14 of the transmission element 4 against a rest stop 15. Another return spring 17 acts on the cam 10 of the setpoint generator 6 in the opposite direction of the arrow 8. Depending on requirements, an additional return spring 18 shown in dashed lines can also be present, which also acts on the setpoint generator 6 in the opposite direction of the arrow 8. Not all three return springs 16, 17, 18 are required; in principle, one of the return springs 16, 17 or 18 is sufficient. In addition or instead of the rest stop 15, a rest stop 20 is provided. The rest stops 15, 20 can, for. B. end faces of screws screwed into part of a wall 22. The screws of the rest stops 15, 20 can in the adjustment direction, ie. H. can be adjusted parallel to arrow 8. The return springs 17, 18 actuate the setpoint device 6 against the rest position stop 20.

Another cam 24 with a stop 26 is formed transversely to the direction of adjustment of the setpoint generator 6. In addition, if necessary, a driver part 28 shown in dashed lines with a stop 30 protruding is formed transversely to the direction of adjustment of the setpoint generator 6. There is also a contact 32 on the setpoint generator 6.

The device also contains a displacement measuring device 34 with which the setting position of the setpoint generator 6 can be detected. Depending on requirements, there is also a further displacement measuring device 36 with which the position of the setpoint generator 6 can also be detected.

The device also contains an intermediate piece 40. The direction of adjustment of the intermediate piece 40 also runs parallel to the direction of the arrow 8. In a part of the wall 22, a further rest position stop 44 is provided. The rest stop 44 contains a screw in the embodiment, so that the stop 44 can be adjusted parallel to the direction of arrow 8 if necessary. A lug 46 with a stop surface 48, a contact surface 50 and, depending on requirements, a further stop surface 52 is provided on the intermediate piece 40. In addition, the intermediate piece 40 contains a cam 54 with a stop point 56 and a further stop point 58. A restoring force of a spring 42 acts on the intermediate piece 40 against the direction of the arrow 8. The restoring force actuates the intermediate piece 40 with the stop point 56 against the rest position stop 44 The stops 26, 30 on the setpoint generator 6 and the stop surfaces 48, 52 of the intermediate piece 40 are provided such that, depending on the position of the setpoint generator 6 and the intermediate piece 40, the stop 26 on the stop surface 48 or the stop 30 on the Stop surface 52 can come to rest.

The device contains an adjusting element 60 as a further essential element. The adjusting element 60 is also adjustable parallel to the direction of the arrow 8. The actuating element 60 contains a shoulder 61 with a stop 62, a stop 64 and a profile 66. The stop point 58 of the intermediate piece 40 and the stop 62 of the adjusting element 60 are provided such that, depending on the position of the intermediate piece 40 and the adjusting element 60, the stop 62 can come to rest against the stop point 58.

The position of the control element 60 can be detected by means of a displacement measuring device 68. Depending on requirements, the position of the control element 60 can also be detected via a further displacement measuring device 70. When adjusting the control element 60 against the direction of arrow 8, the stop 64 of the control element 60 can come to rest against an end stop 72 in an end position. The end stop 72 can be adjusted parallel to the arrow 8 by means of a screw arranged in part of the wall 22.

Any type of actuator 74 can be connected to the actuator 60. In the exemplary embodiment, the actuator 74 comprises, by way of example, an intake manifold section 76 and a flow, symbolically represented by arrows 78, transverse to the direction of flow, e.g. B. Air, displaceably arranged throttle valve 80. Downstream, the flow reaches the engine 81. With the throttle valve 80, a throttle cross section in the intake manifold section 76 can be changed. In the exemplary embodiment shown, an adjustment of the control element 60 and thus the throttle valve 80 in the direction of arrow 8 means an adjustment in the direction of greater power of the drive machine 81. An adjustment of the control element 60 in the opposite direction means a reduction in the power.

The device according to the invention also contains a servomotor 82, a clutch 84 with an output shaft 85 and a drive wheel 86 connected to the output shaft 85. Depending on the switching state of the clutch 84, the drive wheel 86 is coupled to the servomotor 82 or not.

A coupling force of a spring 88 acts on the one hand on the adjusting element 60 and on the other hand on the intermediate piece 40. The coupling force acts on the adjusting element 60 in the direction of arrow 8 and on the intermediate piece 40 against the direction of arrow 8, so that the Coupling force of the spring 88 strives to actuate the stop point 58 of the intermediate piece 40 against the stop 62 of the actuating element 60.

An electronic control device 90 is also provided in the device according to the invention. The contact 32 and the displacement measuring devices 34, 36, 68, 70 are connected to the control device 90 via cables 92. The servomotor 82 and the coupling 84 are coupled to the control device 90 via cables 93.

The control device 90 is further connected to an energy supply unit 94 via an energy supply cable 95. The control device 90 can also be connected to a transmitter 96 and to sensors 98 via further cables 92. If the device according to the invention is installed in a vehicle, the energy supply unit 94 is usually a battery. The encoder 96 can e.g. B. be a vehicle speed sensor with which a driver of the vehicle z. B. can enter his desired target driving speed and the sensors 98 can, for. B. temperature sensors for detecting a cooling water temperature and / or sensors for detecting the rotational speeds of the wheels of the vehicle or the drive machine 81 and / or sensors that actuate z. B. can detect a brake pedal. The control device 90 can also be connected to a further control device 99, e.g. B. to control a brake system and / or z. B. to control an ignition of the engine 81.

An actuatable element has the reference number 100. The actuatable element 100 is connected either to the intermediate piece 40 via a Bowden cable 102 or to the setpoint generator 6 via a Bowden cable 104 shown in dashed lines. The setting position of the intermediate piece 40 can be transferred to the actuatable element 100 via the Bowden cable 102 or the setting position can be transmitted via the Bowden cable 104 tion of the setpoint generator 6 can be transferred to the actuatable element 100. The actuatable element 100 can e.g. B. an automatic transmission, a so-called kick-down switch, a pivot lever of an adjustable pump, etc. Instead of the Bowden cable 102 or 104, for. B. a cable, linkage or any other type of actuator 102, 104 can be used.

At least individual parts of the device according to the invention are encased in a housing 106 and thus protected against environmental influences. The housing 106 is partially indicated in the drawing by dash-dotted lines.

When the transmission element 4 is actuated by the control element 2 in the direction of the arrow 8 counter to the spring 16, the thickening 14 comes to bear on the cam 10 of the setpoint generator 6. Thus, the setpoint generator 6 can be actuated by the operating element 2 in the direction of the arrow 8 against the return springs 17, 18. If the control element 2 is not actuated, the transmission element 4 is actuated by the return spring 16 and the setpoint generator 6 by the return springs 17 and 18 against the direction of the arrow 8 until the setpoint generator 6 comes to rest on the rest position stop 20 and the thickening 14 on the rest position stop 15 .

The position of the setpoint generator 6 can be detected by the displacement measuring devices 34, 36. Measurement signals obtained from the displacement measuring devices 34, 36 are fed to the control device 90 via the cables 92. The position of the actuating element 60 can be detected with the displacement measuring devices 68, 70. Depending on the position of the control element 60, the displacement measuring devices 68 and 70 transmit measurement signals via the cables 92 to the control device 90. Further signals coming from the transmitter 96, the sensors 98 and the further control device 99 are likewise transmitted to the control device 90 via the cables 92. From the measurement signals of the displacement measuring devices 34, 36 and from the further signals, the control device 90 determines a target value for the control element 60 and, depending on the position which the position measuring devices 68, 70 determine for the control element 60, the control device 90 controls the control motor 82. The actuating element 60 is brought into the desired actuating position by the servomotor 82, the clutch 84 and the drive wheel 86.

The device according to the invention essentially consists of mechanical transmission means and electromechanical transmission means. The mechanical transmission means contain u. a. the transmission element 4, the setpoint generator 6, the intermediate piece 40, the springs 42, 88 and the actuating element 60. The electromechanical transmission means contain u. a. the displacement measuring devices 34, 36, the displacement measuring devices 68, 70, the control device 90, the servomotor 82 and the clutch 84.

In the device according to the invention, a distinction can essentially be made between five operating states. First operating state: emergency operation when the operating element 2 is not actuated. The clutch 84 is released: ie there is no power transmission between the servomotor 82 and the actuating element 60, as a result of which the electromechanical transmission means are inoperative. The setpoint generator 6, the intermediate piece 40 and the actuating element 60 are in their rest position. Second operating state: As in the first operating state, control element 2 is not actuated. In the second operating state, the clutch 84 is switched so that it allows a power transmission from the servomotor 82 to the actuating element 60, ie an adjustment of the actuating element 60 by means of the electromechanical transmission means is possible. Third operating state: regular operation with actuated control element 2. Here, an actuating position of setpoint generator 6 is transmitted to actuating element 60 by means of the electromechanical transmission means. The clutch 84 is engaged. Fourth operating state: emergency operation with activated control element 2. In emergency operation, an actuating position of the setpoint generator 6 is transmitted to the actuating element 60 by means of the mechanical transmission means. The clutch 84 is disengaged. Fifth operating state: driving speed-controlled operating state. The control element 2 is not actuated. A desired target driving speed is specified by the transmitter 96.

In the first operating state, ie when the control element 2 is not actuated, the transmission element 4 with the thickening 14 bears against the rest position stop 15 and the setpoint generator 6 bears against the rest position stop 20. In this operating state, for. B. due to some electrical defect, the clutch 84 is released. The stop point 56 of the intermediate piece 40 lies against the rest position stop 44, because of the restoring force of the spring 42. If the setpoint device 6 and the intermediate piece 40 are in their rest position described here, there is a game between the stop 26 of the setpoint device 6 and the stop surface 48 108 is present and there is play 110 between the stop surface 52 and the stop 30, provided the stop 30 of the setpoint generator 6 is present. There is a switching distance 112 between the contact surface 50 and the contact 32 in the adjustment direction. Because of the coupling force of the spring 88, which acts on the actuating element 60 in the direction of the arrow 8, the stop 62 of the actuating element 60 bears against the stop point 58 of the intermediate piece 40 . This position of the actuator 60 may, for. B. the position for the actuator 74, in which the engine 81 is running at an increased idle speed. The increased idle speed of the prime mover may e.g. B. be chosen so that a safe operation of the engine 81, even in the most unfavorable operating conditions, for. B. when the prime mover is cold and / or when increased power is required from a power generator driven by the prime mover 81, etc., is ensured. The increased idle speed can be preset via the rest position stop 44. Even when shuttered teter drive machine 81, the transmission element 4, the setpoint generator 6, the intermediate piece 40 and the actuating element 60 are normally in the rest position described here, ie if the control element 2 is not actuated.

The presettable increased idle speed is not optimal at all times. It is therefore favorable that the actual speed of the drive machine 81 can be controlled / regulated in the second operating state. If the control element 2 is not actuated, the increased idling speed of the drive machine 81 is normally not necessary, in particular if the drive machine 81 has normal operating temperature and if no further consumers have to be driven by the drive machine 81. In this case, the idle speed of the engine 81 can be reduced. This is done by the electromechanical transmission means. Depending on which signals the control device 90 receives from the sensors 98, in particular the temperature sensor and the speed sensor, the control device 90 can actuate the servomotor 82 so that it brings the actuating element 60 into a corresponding actuating position. If the idling speed is too high, the servomotor 82 can actuate the actuating element 60 against the direction of the arrow 8, so that the stop 62 of the actuating element 60 lifts off the stop 58 of the intermediate piece 40. The adjustability of the adjusting element 60 in the opposite direction of the arrow 8 can be limited by the adjustable end stop 72. In the second operating state, the speed of the drive machine should be higher than the increased idling speed, e.g. B. in order to be able to heat up a catalyst that may be present particularly quickly, the actuating element 60 can also be adjusted in the direction of arrow 8 by the electromechanical transmission means. In this case, the intermediate piece 40 is also taken in the direction of arrow 8 and it lifts off from the rest position stop 44. Should for any reason, e.g. B. because the control device 90 is defective, If the actuating element 60 is actuated too far in the direction of the arrow 8, the contact surface 50 of the intermediate piece 40 actuates the contact 32 after the switching distance 112 has been overcome. When the contact 32 is actuated, the coupling 84 is de-energized, as a result of which the power transmission from the servomotor 82 is activated the actuating element 60 is interrupted, and the actuating element 60 is actuated again by the force of the spring 42 into the actuating position corresponding to the increased idling speed. Instead of switching off the clutch 84, the servomotor 82 can also be reversed. This ensures that the drive machine 81 does not reach dangerously high speeds.

In the third operating state, the actuating position of the setpoint generator 6 is transmitted to the actuating position of the actuating element 60 by the electromechanical transmission means. Depending on the position of the setpoint generator, the displacement measuring devices 34, 36 transmit 6 measuring signals to the control device 90. The control device 90 receives further measuring signals from the displacement measuring devices 68, 70 and the sensors 98 Control signals to the servomotor 82. The servomotor 82 thus sets the actuating element 60 in the desired actuating position. It is very favorable that the adjustment of the control element 60 does not necessarily have to be proportional to the adjustment of the setpoint generator 6; ie the adjustment can, for. B. progressive or degressive, etc. For reasons of control technology, for reasons of comfort and for safety reasons, the stop surface 48 of the intermediate piece 40 should not touch the stop 26 of the setpoint generator 6 in the third operating state; ie the game 108 should be sufficiently large, especially with a non-proportional adjustment. The switching distance 112 should also be sufficiently large. Should the contact surface 50 actuate the contact 32 as a result of a defect, then either the coupling 84 is advantageously switched off or the servomotor 82 is reversed.

The fourth operating state, i.e. H. the emergency operation when the control element 2 is actuated occurs when a transfer of the set position of the setpoint generator 6 to the set position of the control element 60 by the electromechanical transmission means, eg. B. due to a defect in the actuator 82, is not possible. If the setpoint generator 6 is actuated by the control element 2 via the transmission element 4 in the direction of the arrow 8, the setpoint generator 6 first lifts off the rest position stop 20. After overcoming the play 108 between the stop 26 of the setpoint generator 6 and the stop surface 48 of the intermediate piece 40, the intermediate piece 40 is also carried in the direction of arrow 8 against the restoring force of the spring 42. As a result of the coupling force of the spring 88, the stop 62 of the actuating element 60 bears against the stop point 58 of the intermediate piece 40. Thus, the control element 60 can also be adjusted by the control element 2 via the setpoint generator 6 in emergency operation.

In the fifth operating state, the speed-controlled operating state, the driver has specified a specific target driving speed via the transmitter 96. The actual driving speed is monitored via at least one of the sensors 98 and reported to the control device 90. In the fifth operating state, the control element 2 is normally not actuated. The thickening 14 of the transmission element 4 lies against the rest stop 15. The control device 90 actuates the control element 60 more or less in the direction of the arrow 8 via the control motor 82, to the extent that the actual driving speed corresponds as closely as possible to the target driving speed specified by the encoder 96. The intermediate piece 40 is also taken more or less far in the direction of arrow 8 by the actuating element 60. If the stop 30 of the setpoint generator 6 shown in dashed lines in the drawing is present, then after overcoming the play 110 between the stop surface 52 of the intermediate piece 40 and the stop 30 of the setpoint generator 6, the setpoint generator 6 is also taken more or less far in the direction of arrow 8. In the fifth operating state, the speed-controlled operating state, the clutch 84 is not switched off via the contact 32 and the servomotor 82 is not reversed, even if the contact surface 50 touches the contact 32.

Figure 2 shows the second embodiment. In all figures, the same or equivalent parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

In the second exemplary embodiment, the rest position stop 44 is omitted. In the second exemplary embodiment, a further spring 122 is installed on the intermediate piece 40 within a recess 124 with pretension. The spring 122 acts against the direction of the arrow 8 on a stepped pin 126 with the aim of actuating a thicker part 128 of the pin 126 against an end face 125 of the recess 124. A thinner part 130 of the bolt 126 protrudes more or less beyond the cam 54 of the intermediate piece 40 in the direction of the arrow 8. The stop point 58 is located at the end of the bolt 126 projecting beyond the cam 54. Otherwise, the second exemplary embodiment (FIG. 2) is the same as the first exemplary embodiment (FIG. 1).

In the first operating state, the thickening 14 of the transmission element 4 bears against the rest position stop 15, and the setpoint generator 6 bears against the rest position stop 20. The intermediate piece 40 is actuated by the restoring force of the spring 42 against the direction of the arrow 8 in such a way that the stop surface 48 of the intermediate piece 40 bears against the stop 26 of the setpoint generator 6. The coupling force of the spring 88 acts on the actuating element 60 in the direction of the arrow 8 and the force of the spring 122 acts on the actuating element 60 against the direction of the arrow 8. The stop 62 of the actuating element 60 lies on the stop 58 of the bolt 126 from the intermediate piece 40 on. Since the force of the spring 122 is greater than the coupling force of the spring 88, the thicker part 128 of the bolt 126 bears against the end face 125. The resulting position of the actuator 60 corresponds to z. B. the increased idle speed of the engine 81st

If, in the second operating state, the power or the speed of the drive machine 81 is to be reduced compared to the increased idling speed of the first operating state, the control element 90 can actuate the control element 60 against the direction of arrow 8 via the servomotor 82. The actuation of the actuating element 60 against the direction of the arrow 8 is possible until the stop 64 of the actuating element 60 comes into contact with the end stop 72 of the wall 22. If the speed of the drive machine 81 is to be greater than the increased idling speed, the control device 90 can actuate the control element 60 in the direction of arrow 8 against the force of the spring 122 via the servomotor 82. Since the restoring force of the spring 42 is greater than the force of the spring 122, the thicker end 128 of the bolt 126 lifts off from the end face 125 of the recess 124. The stop surface 48 of the intermediate piece 40 usually remains on the stop 26 of the setpoint device 6. Should z. B. an electrical defect touch the contact surface 50 after overcoming the switching distance 112, then the clutch 84 is released for safety reasons and the device according to the invention is developed in the first operating state or, depending on the predetermined program, the servomotor 82 is reversed until the contact surface 50 has lifted again from the contact 32.

In the third operating state, regular operation, the setting position of the setting element 60 can be controlled by the control device 90 with the aid of the setting motor 82 depending on the program entered into the control device 90 and depending on the sensors 98 outgoing signals and in dependence on the outgoing measuring signals from the measuring devices 34, 36 are regulated. The stop 62 of the actuating element 60 lifts more or less far from the stop point 58 of the bolt 126 of the intermediate piece 40 in regular operation. In the second exemplary embodiment as well, depending on the program entered into the control device 90, the transfer of the setting position of the setpoint generator 6 to the setting position of the setting element 60 can be non-proportional.

In the fourth operating state, emergency operation, the setpoint generator 6 is actuated more or less in the direction of arrow 8. The stop surface 48 of the intermediate piece 40 bears against the stop 26 of the setpoint generator 6. The thicker part 128 of the bolt 126 bears against the end face 125 of the cutout 124 of the intermediate piece 40. Because of the coupling force of the spring 88, the stop 62 of the actuating element 60 touches the abutment point 58 of the bolt 126 from the intermediate piece 40. Thus, even in emergency operation, an actuating position of the setpoint generator 6 can be transmitted to an actuating position of the actuating element 60 by the mechanical transmission means.

In the fifth operating state, the control device 90 actuates the actuating element 60 with the aid of the servomotor 82 more or less in the direction of the arrow 8, to the extent that, for. B. the actual driving speed of the vehicle corresponds to the target driving speed specified with the aid of the transmitter 96. The intermediate piece 40 is also taken more or less far in the direction of arrow 8 in the fifth operating state. If the driver part 28 shown in dashed lines is present on the setpoint generator 6, after overcoming the play 110, the setpoint generator 6 is also taken along by the adjusting element 60 via the intermediate piece 40.

With the aid of the device according to the invention, the actuatable element 100 can be acted on in both exemplary embodiments. There are several possibilities for this. Either the actuatable element 100 is connected to the intermediate piece 40 via the Bowden cable 102 or the actuatable element 100 is connected via the Bowden cable 104 to the cam 10 and thus to the setpoint generator 6. Since one of the two Bowden cables 102, 104 is sufficient in itself, the Bowden cable 104 is an alternative and is therefore shown in dashed lines. If the actuatable element 100 is connected to the setpoint generator 6 via the Bowden cable 104 and should also be able to act on the actuatable element 100 in the fifth operating state, the driver part 28 with the stop 30 is required on the setpoint generator 6. Otherwise, the driver part 28 shown in broken lines can be omitted. Indirect action of element 100 on actuating element 60 via Bowden cable 102 or 104 is also possible if required.

In the second and in the third operating state, the contact 32 serves to increase the safety so that the speed of the drive machine 81 can in no case increase to an excessively high value. If the actuating element 60 is actuated too far in the direction of the arrow 8 as a result of any defect via the servomotor 82, then the contact surface 50 of the intermediate piece 40 comes into contact with the contact 32 after the switching distance 112 has been overcome. This signals the control device 90 that there is a defect. This has the effect that either the power transmission from the servomotor 82 to the actuating element 60 is interrupted by releasing the coupling 84 or that the servomotor 82 is reversed until the contact surface 50 lifts off the contact 32. The circuit can e.g. B. be designed so that the clutch 84 is open when de-energized, and the power supply to the clutch 84 can be interrupted via the contact 32. In the fifth operating state, the contact 32 is out of function.

The second displacement measuring device 36 for detecting the actuating position of the setpoint generator 6 and the second displacement measuring device 70 for detecting the actuating position of the actuating element 60 serve to increase the Si security. As soon as the control electronics 90 determine that the measurement signals which it receives from the displacement measuring devices 34, 36 or 68, 70 are too far apart, the clutch 84 is released. In the presence of the contact 32, the additional position measuring devices 36, 70 are not necessary per se, which is why they are shown in dashed lines in the drawing. If the additional displacement measuring devices 36, 70 are present, the contact 32 can possibly be omitted without any significant loss of safety.

In the two exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the device according to the invention, the area with the intermediate piece 40, the adjusting element 60 and the springs 42, 88 can also be designed somewhat differently. Figures 3 and 4 show sections of two variants. In FIGS. 3 and 4, this area is designed such that only one spring 132 is required instead of the two springs 42, 88.

In the variant according to FIG. 3, a deflection 134 is arranged on the intermediate piece 40. One end of spring 132 is coupled to wall 22; another end of spring 132 is connected to one end of a flexible member 136, e.g. B. a band connected. The flexible component 136 loops partially around the deflection 134; it is redirected there by 180 °. Another end of the flexible component 136 is connected to the shoulder 61 of the actuating element 60. The deflection 134 is advantageously a roller 135 which is rotatably mounted on a pin 137 with low friction, and the pin 137 is fixedly connected to the intermediate piece 40.

The spring 132 can act on the adjusting element 60 in the direction of the arrow 8 and on the intermediate piece 40 against the direction of the arrow 8 via the flexible component 136 and via the deflection 134. The spring 132 thus serves both to generate the coupling force between the intermediate piece 40 and the actuating element 60 and to generate the restoring force acting on the intermediate piece 40.

4, a profile wheel 138 is rotatably mounted in a bearing 140 on the intermediate piece 40. On the shoulder 61 of the actuating element 60 there is a profile 142 which is connected to the profile wheel 138. A profile rod 146 with a profile 148 is mounted in a guide 144 of the intermediate piece 40 and is displaceable parallel to the direction of the arrow 8. Profile 148 is engaged with profile wheel 138. One end of spring 132 is coupled to wall 22 and another end of spring 132 is coupled to profile rod 146. The spring 132 acts on the profile rod 146 against the direction of the arrow 8. The spring 132 acts via the profile rod 146, the profile wheel 138 and via the bearing 140 on the intermediate piece 40 against the direction of the arrow 8. However, the spring 132 also acts the profile rod 146, the profile wheel 138 and via the profile 142 on the shoulder 61 of the actuating element 60 onto the actuating element 60 in the direction of the arrow 8. Also in the embodiment variant according to FIG. 4, the spring 132 serves to generate the coupling force between the intermediate piece 40 and the Actuating element 60 and also for generating the restoring force acting on the intermediate piece 40.

The two design variants according to FIGS. 3 and 4 can be used in both exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2. Even when the second embodiment is carried out according to one of the variants according to FIG. 3 or 4, the cutout 124 with the spring 122 and the bolt 126 with the stop point 58 can be provided on the intermediate piece 40.

It is particularly expedient to attach the device according to the invention as far as possible directly to the actuator 74, so that the actuator 74 and a large part of the device according to the invention form a unit. The device according to the invention can be protected by the housing 106 indicated by dash-dotted lines in the drawing. There is a minimal number of recesses in the housing 106 required. Only the power supply cable 95, the cables 92 to the transmitter 96, to the sensors 98 and to the further control device 99 need to be passed through the housing 106.

If necessary, the cables 92, 95 or part of the cables 92, 95 can be combined in one line. The connection of the cables 92, 95 can, for. B. by a so-called serial interface or by several of these interfaces. The interfaces can e.g. B. can be realized by so-called CAN modules.

Furthermore, the setpoint generator 6 must be passed through the housing 106. If the actuatable element 100 is connected via the Bowden cable 104 to the cam 10 of the setpoint generator 6 protruding from the housing 106, then advantageously no additional recess in the housing 106 is required for actuating the actuatable element 100. It is different if the actuatable element 100 is connected to the intermediate piece 40 via the Bowden cable 102 because the Bowden cable 102 has to be passed through a recess in the housing 106.

If, in the third operating state, the setpoint generator 6 is actuated relatively far in the direction of arrow 8 by the operating element 2 and the operating element 2 is released from this position, the return spring 16 pulls the transmission element 4 against the rest position stop 15. The return springs 17, 18 actuate the Setpoint generator 6 against the direction of arrow 8 initially until the stop 30 of the driver part 28 of the setpoint generator 6 comes to rest on the stop surface 52 of the intermediate piece 40. In addition, the setpoint generator 6 can be reset against the direction of arrow 8 only together with the intermediate piece 40. If the stop 30 is present, this can lead to a somewhat reduced return speed of the setpoint generator 6, and the displacement measuring devices 34, 36 can reset the operator Capture element 2 with a slight delay. To avoid this, as shown in FIG. 5, the setpoint generator 6 can be made in two parts. In this variant, the setpoint generator 6 consists of a first part 154 and a second part 156. The transmission element 4 is connected to the first part 154 of the setpoint generator 6. The cams 10 and 24, the driver part 28 with the stop 30, the contact 32 and the through opening 12 are located on the second part 156 of the setpoint generator 6. The first part 154 of the setpoint generator 6 is through the through opening 12 of the second part 156 of the setpoint generator 6 passed through, the thickening 14 being arranged on the side of the first part 154 of the setpoint generator 6 facing away from the transmission element 4. The positioning position of the first part 154 of the setpoint generator 6 can be determined via a displacement measuring device 158 and, if necessary, also via a second displacement measuring device 160. The measurement signals of the displacement measuring devices 158, 160 are transmitted to the control device 90 via the cables 92.

Both the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 and the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 can be modified in accordance with the variant shown in detail in FIG. 5. As previous experiments have shown, it is not always necessary, even if there is a stop 30 on the setpoint generator 6, to design the setpoint generator 6 in two parts, as shown in FIG. In most applications, it will be possible to choose the clearance 110 between the stop 30 and the stop surface 52 sufficiently large so that the setpoint generator 6 has a sufficient return speed even with a one-piece design. In view of a simple and compact design, it may be cheaper to design the setpoint generator 6 in one piece.

If the device according to the invention z. B. used in a motor vehicle, it may occasionally occur that the drive machine 81 from a larger drive torque on the drive wheels practices as can be transferred from the drive wheels to a driving surface. In this case, a so-called traction slip occurs on the drive wheels. But it can also happen occasionally, e.g. B. when releasing the control element 2 on slippery driving surface that a braking torque transmitted to the drive wheels of the drive machine 81 is so large that it can no longer be transmitted from the drive wheels to the driving surface. In this case there is a so-called brake slip between the drive wheels and the driving surface. Drive slip and brake slip can be detected by one of the sensors 98 or by several of the sensors 98 and transmitted to the control device 90. In the event of traction slip, the control device 90, via the servomotor 82, sets the actuating element 60 more in the direction of lower power of the drive machine 81, which is referred to as ASR, and when brake slip occurs, the control device 90, via the servomotor 82, sets the actuating element 60 more in the direction of greater power Drive machine 81, called MSR. Both of these can happen so quickly that people traveling with them notice nothing or almost nothing of the process. It is particularly favorable that in the first exemplary embodiment (FIG. 1) in the case of ASR, the intermediate piece 40 is also adjusted by a maximum of the game 108. If the actuatable element 100 is actuated via the Bowden cable 104, ASR has no influence on the actuatable element 100. If it is actuated via the Bowden cable 102, the influence on the actuatable element 100 corresponds at most to the game 108 and is usually negligibly small. In the second exemplary embodiment, ASR advantageously has no influence on the actuatable element 100.

The device according to the invention was explained on the basis of two exemplary embodiments, in which the setpoint generator 6, the intermediate piece 40 and the actuating element 60 can execute a linear movement parallel to the arrow 8. It is just as possible and, in many applications, rather cheaper, the setpoint generator 6, the Zwi to support the pivot piece 40 and the control element 60 on axes of rotation, it being particularly expedient if all axes of rotation are aligned in one line. The setpoint generator 6, the intermediate piece 40 and the actuating element 60 then do not make any back-and-forth movements parallel to the arrow 8, but rather carry out more or less large pivoting movements about the axis of rotation. An adjusting movement in the direction of arrow 8 then means z. B. a pivoting movement in one direction of rotation and opposite to arrow 8 then means a pivoting movement in the opposite direction. All components can be designed more or less round or arcuate.

The throttle valve 80 of the actuator 74 is usually pivotable. Therefore, it is expedient to also design the actuating element 60 to be pivotable. It is particularly favorable to arrange the throttle valve 80, the actuating element 60, the drive wheel 86, the intermediate piece 40 and the setpoint generator 6 on a mutually aligned axis of rotation. If the output shaft 85 of the coupling 84 is also arranged in alignment with the actuating element 60, in this case the profile 66 on the actuating element 60 and the drive wheel 86 can be omitted. A rotational movement of the output shaft 85 can then be transferred directly into a rotational movement of the actuating element 60. A particularly elegant solution is obtained if the axis of rotation for the throttle valve 80 is arranged such that a shaft of the throttle valve 80 protrudes from the intake manifold section 76 on both sides. On one side of the intake manifold section 76, the actuating element 60 with the stop 64 and with the shoulder 61, on which the stop 62 is located, is arranged in a disk-like manner and connected to the shaft of the throttle valve 80. The intermediate piece 40 and the setpoint generator 6 and the springs 42, 88 and 132 are also expediently located on this side. The servomotor 82 with the coupling 84 is arranged on the other side of the intake manifold section 76. The output shaft 85 of the coupling 84 can be connected directly to the actuating element 60 without a drive wheel. In the drawing, the springs 42, 88, 132 and the return springs 16, 17, 18 are exemplary tension springs and the spring 122 is a compression spring. This is only an example. The springs can have any other embodiment. If the setpoint device 6, the intermediate piece 40 and the actuating element 60 are mounted in a rotary manner, then it is particularly expedient to use the springs 16, 17, 18, 42, 88, 122 and 132 or at least some of them in the form of spiral springs, in particular in the form of Form coil springs.

In the second, third and fifth operating state, the actuating element 60 is adjusted via the electromechanical transmission means. If this adjustment option fails, the actuating element 60 is mechanically coupled to the setpoint generator 6, i. H. there is a transition to the first or fourth operating state. The power of the engine changes slightly during the transition, often hardly noticeable.

In the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the power during the transition is reduced somewhat in accordance with the game 108; slightly increased in the second embodiment according to FIG. 2. If the machine is a vehicle, a lowering during the transition and therefore the first exemplary embodiment may be more favorable than the second exemplary embodiment for safety reasons. If the machine is a stationary machine, then an increase in output during the transition and thus the second exemplary embodiment should be more favorable than the first exemplary embodiment.

The intermediate piece 40 of the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 can also be designed without the spring 122 and the bolt 126. The stop point 58 is then located directly on the intermediate piece 40, as shown in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1. If the stop point 58 is located directly on the intermediate piece 40, then, when in the second operating state, the speed of the drive measure machine 81 is to be raised above the increased idling speed, the intermediate piece 40 is lifted against the restoring force of the spring 42, 132 from the setpoint device 6. The switching distance 112 should be chosen to be sufficiently large. For control engineering reasons, however, the spring 122 and the bolt 126 offer advantages.

With a suitable design of the control device 90, a regular automatic test, e.g. B. possible immediately after each start of the engine 81, the springs 42, 88, 122, 132. During the test, the control device 90 actuates the actuating element 60 somewhat in an expedient adjustment direction via the servomotor 82. The control device 90 can then determine whether the springs 42, 88, 122, 132 reset the actuating element 60 back to the original actuating position. The possibility of testing the springs is particularly advantageous, since otherwise a defective spring would only be discovered after the electromechanical transmission means had failed. This could possibly lead to a failure of the entire facility.

In both exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the transmission element 4 is connected to the setpoint generator 6 such that when the setpoint generator 6 is actuated in the direction of arrow 8, the transmission element 4 is not carried along. However, it is also possible to connect the transmission element 4 to the setpoint generator 6 in such a way that when the setpoint generator 6 is actuated by the servomotor 82 in the direction of the arrow 8, the transmission element 4 is at least partially entrained; i.e. the transmission element 4 can e.g. be firmly connected to the control value transmitter 6. In this case in particular, one of the return springs 16, 17, 38 is sufficient.

If, in emergency operation, higher actuation forces can be permitted to actuate the control element 2, the coupling 84 may be dispensed with. In this case, the servomotor 82 must also be actuated in the emergency mode.

A particularly great advantage of the device according to the invention is that the forces of the springs 16, 17, 18, 42, 88 and 132 can be selected independently of one another; there is advantageously no interdependency. When dimensioning one of the springs, no other spring has to be considered. Only in the second exemplary embodiment (FIG. 2) does spring 122 have to be stronger than spring 88, but weaker than the sum of springs 42 plus 88. Since the second exemplary embodiment, as mentioned above, can also be carried out without spring 122, at this variant no interdependency between the springs.

Claims (17)

1.Device in a machine, in particular in a vehicle, for transmitting an actuating position of a setpoint generator to an actuating position of an actuating element which determines the output of a drive machine by means of electromechanical transmission means, and by mechanical transmission means by which the actuating element can be coupled to the setpoint generator, the actuating element is uncoupled from the setpoint device when the setting position of the setting element corresponds to the setting position of the setpoint device, characterized in that an intermediate piece (40) and a spring (88, 132) in the mechanical transmission means for producing a stop (62) of the setting element (60 ) against a stop point (58) of the intermediate piece (40) restoring coupling force are included. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate piece (40) can be reset into a rest position by a restoring force of a spring (42, 132) acting on the intermediate piece (40). 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate piece (40) against a rest stop (44) can be reset. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the setpoint generator (6) by at least one on the setpoint generator (6) acting return spring (17, 18) against a rest stop (20) can be reset to a rest position. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate piece (40) relative to the setpoint generator (6) is arranged movably in the adjustment direction until a stop (26) of the setpoint generator (6) on a stop surface (48) of the intermediate piece ( 40) comes to the plant. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate piece (40) relative to the setpoint generator (6) is movably arranged in the adjustment direction until a stop surface (52) of the intermediate piece (40) on a stop (30) of the setpoint generator ( 6) comes to the plant. 7. Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the intermediate piece (40) after overcoming a game (108, 110) via a stop (26, 30) and a stop surface (48, 52) positively with the setpoint generator (6) can be coupled. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the mechanical transmission means (6, 40, 60, 88) a contact (32) is arranged through which after overcoming a between the intermediate piece (40) and the Contact (32) existing switching distance (112) gives an electrical signal. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the actuating means (104), the position of the setpoint generator (6) to an actuatable element (100) is transferable. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that between the intermediate piece (40) and an actuatable element (100) actuating means (102) are present, through which an adjusting position of the intermediate piece (40) on the actuatable element (100 ) is transferable. 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electromechanical transmission means (34, 36, 68, 70, 82, 84, 86, 90, 158, 160) contain a servomotor (82) through which the actuating element (60 ) can be operated in the adjustment direction. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that a switchable coupling (84) is provided between the servomotor (82) and the actuating element (60). 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electromechanical transmission means (34, 36, 68, 70, 82, 84, 86, 90, 158, 160) at least two displacement measuring devices (34, 36, 68, 70, 158 , 160), with at least one displacement measuring device (34, 36, 158, 160) the setting position of the setpoint device (6) and with at least one displacement measuring device (68, 70) the setting position of the setting element (60) can be determined. 14. Device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the stop (62) of the actuating element (60) by the servomotor (82) against the coupling force (88, 132) from the stop point (58) of the intermediate piece (40) can be lifted off. 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the adjusting element (60) is adjustable against an end stop (72). 16. Device according to one of claims 2 to 15, characterized in that the coupling force and the restoring force can be generated by means of a force deflection (134, 138) by the same spring (132). 17. Device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the setpoint generator (6) consists of a first part (154) and a second part (156) and by the at least one displacement measuring device (158, 160) the setting position of the first Part (154) of the setpoint generator (6) is detected.

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