EP0386889A1 - Faraday rotation device - Google Patents
Faraday rotation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0386889A1 EP0386889A1 EP90301474A EP90301474A EP0386889A1 EP 0386889 A1 EP0386889 A1 EP 0386889A1 EP 90301474 A EP90301474 A EP 90301474A EP 90301474 A EP90301474 A EP 90301474A EP 0386889 A1 EP0386889 A1 EP 0386889A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- transverse section
- faraday rotation
- waveguide
- length
- ferrite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/165—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation
- H01P1/175—Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation using Faraday rotators
Definitions
- This invention relates to a Faraday rotation device and more particularly to a device which is suitable for use in microwave apparatus.
- Faraday rotation is the rotation of the plane of polarization of microwave energy exhibited when the energy is transmitted through ferrite material in the direction of a magnetic field.
- the present invention is concerned with devices which employ this phenomenon or a Faraday rotation-like effect.
- the propagation of received microwave energy along a waveguide may be controlled using the Faraday rotation effect.
- a ferrite rod is included within the waveguide and is usually surrounded by an electrical coil to provide a magnetic field. By adjusting the plane of polarisation of the microwave radiation, its propagation along the waveguide may be controlled.
- the ferrite rods used in Faraday rotation devices are "spear" shaped, having a circular transverse cross-section and tapering points.
- the present invention arose in an attempt to provide an improved Faraday rotation device.
- a Faraday rotation, or Faraday rotation-like, device for use in microwave apparatus comprising an elongate ferrite member having a polygonal transverse section over a substantial part of its length. It has been found that, surprisingly, although such a ferrite member does not have the same degree of electrical and physical symmetry as the previously known spear-shaped ferrite rod, its performance is still acceptable.
- a particular advantage of a device in accordance with the invention is that the ferrite member may be manfactured using moulding techniques. Particulate ferrite material is placed in a mould and then subjected to pressure to produce a composite ferrite body having a shape which conforms to the interior configuration of the mould. This manufacturing technique is especially useful where large numbers of ferrite components having similar characteristics are required.
- the polygonal transverse section has eight sides or less, as a ferrite member of such configuration may be more easily fabricated than one with more sides.
- the member has a substantially square or rectangular transverse section over a substantial part of its length.
- At least one end of the member is tapered such that the transverse sectional area at the end is smaller than that at the centre of the member.
- This configuration enables the operation of the device to be optimised but still lends itself to moulding techniques.
- the tapered end is pyramidal in shape, such that a substantially square or rectangular transverse section is retained throughout the tapered section.
- the end of the member is preferably flat rather than pointed as this facilitates manufacture.
- the taper has a half angle in the range 5 o to 20 o .
- the member is of substantially uniform transverse sectional area for approximately two thirds of its total length.
- microwave apparatus comprises a waveguide along which received microwave radiation is arranged to be propagated and a Faraday rotation device in accordance with the invention for controlling the propagation of the radiation along the waveguide.
- a ferrite member 1 used in a Faraday rotation device for controlling the propagation of microwave energy along a waveguide has a square transverse section along its length. It is of uniform transverse sectional area for approximately two-thirds of its total length along the distance a , which in this particular embodiment is approximately 40mm long. Its width b at the part of the member 1 of uniform section is approximately 4 mm.
- the ferrite member 1 has tapered sections 2 and 3 at each end. Each taper is pyramidal in shape, retaining the square transverse section as it reduces in transverse sectional area.
- the ends of the tapers are square flats having sides c of approximately 1 mm length. The length d over which the taper occurs is approximately 8.5 mm, giving a half-angle of approximately 14 o .
- microwave apparatus includes a waveguide 4 along which recieved microwave energy is transmitted in the direction indicated by the arrow.
- the ferrite member 1 is located within the waveguide 4 and is surrounded by an electrical coil 5, which is spaced from the member 1 by dielectric material 6. By controlling the magnetic field at the ferrite member 1 using the coil 5, the propagation of energy along the waveguide may be controlled.
- the ferrite member is located in a waveguide, and an electrical coil is positioned around the outside of the waveguide and co-axially with the ferrite member.
Landscapes
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
A Faraday rotation device for use in microwave apparatus includes a ferrite member 1 which is of polygonal transverse section over a substantial part of its length, the transverse section preferably being substantially square or rectangular. The member includes tapered sections 2 and 3 which are pyramidal in shape. This configuration provides good performance and facilitates manufacture.
Description
- This invention relates to a Faraday rotation device and more particularly to a device which is suitable for use in microwave apparatus.
- Faraday rotation is the rotation of the plane of polarization of microwave energy exhibited when the energy is transmitted through ferrite material in the direction of a magnetic field. The present invention is concerned with devices which employ this phenomenon or a Faraday rotation-like effect.
- The propagation of received microwave energy along a waveguide may be controlled using the Faraday rotation effect. A ferrite rod is included within the waveguide and is usually surrounded by an electrical coil to provide a magnetic field. By adjusting the plane of polarisation of the microwave radiation, its propagation along the waveguide may be controlled.
- The ferrite rods used in Faraday rotation devices are "spear" shaped, having a circular transverse cross-section and tapering points.
- The present invention arose in an attempt to provide an improved Faraday rotation device.
- According to the invention there is provided a Faraday rotation, or Faraday rotation-like, device for use in microwave apparatus comprising an elongate ferrite member having a polygonal transverse section over a substantial part of its length. It has been found that, surprisingly, although such a ferrite member does not have the same degree of electrical and physical symmetry as the previously known spear-shaped ferrite rod, its performance is still acceptable. A particular advantage of a device in accordance with the invention is that the ferrite member may be manfactured using moulding techniques. Particulate ferrite material is placed in a mould and then subjected to pressure to produce a composite ferrite body having a shape which conforms to the interior configuration of the mould. This manufacturing technique is especially useful where large numbers of ferrite components having similar characteristics are required.
- It is preferred that the polygonal transverse section has eight sides or less, as a ferrite member of such configuration may be more easily fabricated than one with more sides. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the member has a substantially square or rectangular transverse section over a substantial part of its length.
- Preferably, at least one end of the member is tapered such that the transverse sectional area at the end is smaller than that at the centre of the member. This configuration enables the operation of the device to be optimised but still lends itself to moulding techniques. It is preferred that the tapered end is pyramidal in shape, such that a substantially square or rectangular transverse section is retained throughout the tapered section. The end of the member is preferably flat rather than pointed as this facilitates manufacture.
- Where an end of the polarizer is tapered, it is preferred that the taper has a half angle in the range 5o to 20o. Advantageously, the member is of substantially uniform transverse sectional area for approximately two thirds of its total length.
- According to a feature of the invention, microwave apparatus comprises a waveguide along which received microwave radiation is arranged to be propagated and a Faraday rotation device in accordance with the invention for controlling the propagation of the radiation along the waveguide.
- One way in which the invention may be performed is now described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a ferrite member included in a device in accordance with the invention;
- Figure 2 is a transverse section through the member shown in Figure 1 at its centre; and
- Figure 3 schematically illustrates in section part of a microwave apparatus which includes the ferrite member shown in Figure 1.
- With reference to Figures 1 and 2, a
ferrite member 1 used in a Faraday rotation device for controlling the propagation of microwave energy along a waveguide has a square transverse section along its length. It is of uniform transverse sectional area for approximately two-thirds of its total length along the distance a, which in this particular embodiment is approximately 40mm long. Its width b at the part of themember 1 of uniform section is approximately 4 mm. - The
ferrite member 1 has taperedsections 2 and 3 at each end. Each taper is pyramidal in shape, retaining the square transverse section as it reduces in transverse sectional area. The ends of the tapers are square flats having sides c of approximately 1 mm length. The length d over which the taper occurs is approximately 8.5 mm, giving a half-angle of approximately 14o. - With reference to Figure 3, microwave apparatus includes a waveguide 4 along which recieved microwave energy is transmitted in the direction indicated by the arrow. The
ferrite member 1 is located within the waveguide 4 and is surrounded by an electrical coil 5, which is spaced from themember 1 by dielectric material 6. By controlling the magnetic field at theferrite member 1 using the coil 5, the propagation of energy along the waveguide may be controlled. - In an alternative embodiment to that shown in Figure 3, the ferrite member is located in a waveguide, and an electrical coil is positioned around the outside of the waveguide and co-axially with the ferrite member.
Claims (10)
1. A Faraday rotation, or Faraday rotation-like, device,for use in microwave apparatus comprising an elongate ferrite member having a polygonal transverse section over a substantial part of its length.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polygonal transverse section has eight sides or less.
3. A device as claimed in claim 2 wherein the member has a substantially square or rectangular transverse section over a substantial part of its length.
4. A device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein at least one end of the member is tapered such that the transverse sectional area at the end is smaller than that at the centre of the member.
5. A device as claimed in claim 4 wherein, where the transverse section is substantially square or rectangular, the tapered end is pyramidal in shape.
6. A device as claimed in claim 4 or 5 wherein the end of the member is flat.
7. A device as claimed in claim 4, 5 or 6 wherein the taper has a half angle in the range of 5o to 20o.
8. A device as claimed in claim 4, 5, 6 or 7 wherein the member is of substantially uniform transverse sectional area for approximately two-thirds of its total length.
9. A device as claimed in any preceding claim and including a coil for conducting electrical current which is located coaxially around the member.
10. Microwave apparatus comprising a waveguide along which received microwave radiation is arranged to be propagated and a device as claimed in any preceding claim for controlling the propagation of the radiation along the waveguide.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8905401 | 1989-03-09 | ||
GB8905401A GB2229043A (en) | 1989-03-09 | 1989-03-09 | Faraday rotation device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0386889A1 true EP0386889A1 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
Family
ID=10653020
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90301474A Withdrawn EP0386889A1 (en) | 1989-03-09 | 1990-02-12 | Faraday rotation device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0386889A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2229043A (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1284359A (en) * | 1960-03-21 | 1962-02-09 | Philips Nv | Device for amplitude modulation and microwave switching |
US3177449A (en) * | 1960-11-15 | 1965-04-06 | Nippon Electric Co | Non-reciprocal ferrite switch with alternate conductive and resistive plates |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL253417A (en) * | 1959-09-29 | |||
US3305867A (en) * | 1963-11-05 | 1967-02-21 | Raytheon Co | Antenna array system |
-
1989
- 1989-03-09 GB GB8905401A patent/GB2229043A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-02-12 EP EP90301474A patent/EP0386889A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1284359A (en) * | 1960-03-21 | 1962-02-09 | Philips Nv | Device for amplitude modulation and microwave switching |
US3177449A (en) * | 1960-11-15 | 1965-04-06 | Nippon Electric Co | Non-reciprocal ferrite switch with alternate conductive and resistive plates |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
1971 EUROPEAN MICROWAVE CONFERENCE - PROCEEDINGS, Stockholm, 23rd - 28th August 1971, vol. 2, pages B14/4:1-B14/4:4, IEEE, New York, US; L.R. WHICKER: "A comparison of two classes of ferrite phasers for use in phased arrays" * |
IRE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, vol. MTT-3, no. 4, April 1955, pages 27-31; C. STEWART: "Some applications and characteristics of ferrite at wavelengths of 0.87 Cm and 1.9 Cms" * |
IRE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, vol. MTT-4, no. 10, October 1956, pages 210-213; E.A. OHM: "A broad-band microwave circulator" * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 2, no. 106, 31st August 1978, page 5659 E 78; & JP-A-53 72 439 (TOKYO SHIBAURA DENKI K.K.) 27-06-1978 * |
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND RADIO ENGINEERING, vol. 18, no. 3, March 1964, pages 78-82; V.I. VOL'MAN: "Principle of operation and design of waveguide Y-circulators" * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8905401D0 (en) | 1989-04-19 |
GB2229043A (en) | 1990-09-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0554581B1 (en) | Method for producing a flat flexible antenna core for a chip transponder to be incorporated in a badge or similar object, and a thus produced antenna core | |
US4907011A (en) | Foreshortened dipole antenna with triangular radiating elements and tapered coaxial feedline | |
DE4241927C2 (en) | Self-supporting, insulated electrode arrangement suitable for arrangement in a vacuum vessel, in particular antenna coil for a high-frequency plasma generator | |
CA2093887A1 (en) | Induction heating tool | |
DE2162196B2 (en) | WAVE TYPE CONVERTER | |
EP0657954B1 (en) | Improved multi-cavity dielectric filter | |
CA2000324A1 (en) | Millimeter wave microstrip modulator/switch | |
US4349790A (en) | Coax to rectangular waveguide coupler | |
CA2244956A1 (en) | Electromagnetic high-frequency or microwave apparatus | |
US3205501A (en) | Closely spaced stocked waveguide antenna array employing reciprocal ridged wageguide phase shifters | |
WO2002021147A3 (en) | Near field microwave resistivity microscope including a dielectric resonator | |
EP0386889A1 (en) | Faraday rotation device | |
US3500256A (en) | Power limiter comprising a chain of ferrite-filled dielectric resonators | |
DE2307517C2 (en) | Cavity resonator for electron spin resonance spectrometers | |
US4734660A (en) | Signal polarization rotator | |
US4556853A (en) | Mode-controlling waveguide-to-coax transition for TV broadcast system | |
US3290622A (en) | Microwave ferromagnetic phase shifter having controllable d. c. magnetization | |
DE3044774A1 (en) | FERRITE DIFFERENTIAL PHASE SHIFT | |
US6466111B1 (en) | Coupler for resonant cavity | |
GB1574176A (en) | Wide-band isolators operating at microwaves | |
US3316508A (en) | Latching microwave digital attenuator | |
US4654962A (en) | Method of fabricating doubly-truncated circular waveguide | |
Boyd | A 60 GHz dual-mode ferrite phase shifter | |
US4633205A (en) | Loop coupled YIG resonator | |
GB891427A (en) | Improvements in or relating to waveguide arrangements including elements of ferromagnetic ceramic material |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GR IT LI LU NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19910219 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: PLESSEY SEMICONDUCTORS LIMITED |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19930614 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19931228 |