EP0382704A1 - Method of treating a gas containing particles, and apparatus for carrying out this method - Google Patents

Method of treating a gas containing particles, and apparatus for carrying out this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0382704A1
EP0382704A1 EP90870021A EP90870021A EP0382704A1 EP 0382704 A1 EP0382704 A1 EP 0382704A1 EP 90870021 A EP90870021 A EP 90870021A EP 90870021 A EP90870021 A EP 90870021A EP 0382704 A1 EP0382704 A1 EP 0382704A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
porous body
treated
enclosure
gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90870021A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Bauwens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cockerill Mechanical Industries SA
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Cockerill Mechanical Industries SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Cockerill Mechanical Industries SA filed Critical Cockerill Mechanical Industries SA
Publication of EP0382704A1 publication Critical patent/EP0382704A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0233—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles periodically cleaning filter by blowing a gas through the filter in a direction opposite to exhaust flow, e.g. exposing filter to engine air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
    • F01N3/032—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start during filter regeneration only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for treating a gas or a mixture of gases charged with gasifiable or combustible particles, by separation and transformation of these particles.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a process capable of separating, effectively and economically, from a moving gas or mixture of gases, the solid, pasty or liquid particles which it contains and which must be extracted from the gas to allow its use, this separation being carried out, in a first step, by simple capture of the particles contained in the gas or the mixture of moving gases, while the captured particles are, in a second step, transformed, by gasification or combustion, to be either incorporated into the treated gas when their nature, after transformation, allows their presence in the gas, or evacuated from the above-mentioned gas circuit by a gaseous current formed by the gas which is the subject of the above-mentioned separation or by a gas, distinct from it, whose properties, flow rate and direction of movement are chosen to facilitate the evacuation of the transformed particles.
  • said method consists in passing the entire gas or mixture of gas to be treated, at room temperature and at a substantially constant speed and pressure determined, through an electrically conductive porous body and whose porosity is such that it retains the aforementioned particles, to follow the pressure drop caused by the porous body and preferably permanently to automatically interrupt, when a determined pressure drop is reached through the porous body, the supply of gas, to automatically energize, for a determined time, said porous body for the bring to a determined temperature, between 100 and 1000 ° C., capable of ensuring the gasification or combustion of the particles retained therein, to rid the porous body of the residues of said particles by a gas stream and to restore the passage of the gas to be treated through the porous body to direct it towards its place of use or storage.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing the above method.
  • this device comprises means for channeling the gas or the mixture of gases to be treated through at least one enclosure in which is arranged at least one porous electrically conductive body through which all the gas passes.
  • treat means for monitoring, in the aforementioned enclosure, the pressure drop caused by the porous body, means, arranged upstream of the aforementioned enclosure, arranged to interrupt the admission of the gas to be treated into the enclosure and to be ordered automatically by the above means when a determined pressure drop is reached, means for energizing the porous body for a determined time and arranged to be controlled automatically by the means according to the pressure drop, when the latter reaches a determined value and when the admission of gas to be treated into the enclosure is interrupted, and means for ridding the porous element and the enclosure, in which it is arranged, of residues resulting from the gasification and from the combustion of the particles with which the gas to be charged is which have been retained in said porous element.
  • the process according to the invention and illustrated in the drawings is intended for the treatment of a gas or a mixture of gases which is charged with gasifiable or combustible particles which do not allow its direct use.
  • This treatment consists in first of all separating the particles from the gas by capturing them, then transforming them so that they can be evacuated, by a gas stream, from the place where they were captured.
  • the gas or the mixture is passed, at ambient temperature and at a speed and pressure determined to be substantially constant, through a porous body 1, which is electrically conductive and whose porosity is chosen so that it retains solid, pasty or even liquid particles contained in the gas.
  • the pressure drop caused by this porous body 1 is continuously monitored by considering the direction of flow of the gas to be treated indicated by the arrow 2.
  • the interruption is interrupted automatically supply gas to the latter and automatically switch on, for a time determined as a function of the nature of the particles captured in the porous body, the latter to bring it, by the Joule effect, to a determined temperature, which is generally between 100 and 1000 ° C.
  • the treated gas laden with gases, combustion products and residues is diverted downstream of the porous body and for a determined time, by means 4, to a conduit 5 and along arrow 6, for its evacuation.
  • the treated gas circuit is restored according to arrow 3 to direct it to its place of use or storage.
  • the porous body 1 is freed from said gases, combustion products and residues using a sweeping gas which is distinct from the gas to be treated.
  • This sweeping gas is circulated (as shown in particular in FIG. 2), for a determined time, through the porous body 1 according to a circuit shown diagrammatically by the arrows 7 and this sweeping gas laden with gases, products of combustion, is discharged and residues to be removed during the interruption of passage of the gas to be treated through the porous body 1.
  • the process according to the invention is not limited to a batch gas treatment. Indeed, as shown in Figure 6 and in order to process gas continuously, it is expected, when the supply of gas to be treated through the porous body 1 is interrupted for the elimination of the aforementioned products from this porous body, to divert the gas to be treated towards a second porous body 1 ′ which is analogous to the porous body 1 and which is provided with the same equipment as the latter , these two porous bodies 1 and 1 ′ operating in an identical manner and alternately.
  • a porous body 1, 1 ′ is used, made of an electrically conductive ceramic material, consisting for example of alumina fibers on which SiC has been deposited in the gas phase.
  • the degree of porosity of the porous body is chosen to be between 50 to 90% and the external contact surface 8 through which the gas to be treated enters the porous body is between 0.05 and 1.5m2 and this, for a thickness of the porous body of between 1 and 25 mm.
  • the average density of the porous body is advantageously between 0.2 gr / cm3 and 1gr / cm3, its mechanical or shear strength is between 0.5 and 5kg / mm2 while its electrical resistivity is between 0.5 and 2.5 ohm cm at a temperature between 20 ° C and 50 ° C.
  • the structure of the ceramic material is also chosen to allow the passage of air at a speed between 0.3 and 7 m / sec, at a pressure between 9 and 20 mbar.
  • the gas contained in the isolated enclosure either is not an oxidizing gas, or when it is oxidizing but in insufficient quantity in the enclosure to allow complete combustion of particles, to admit an oxidizing gas into said enclosure near the porous body so that it can pass through the latter (see FIG. 1).
  • the oxidizing gas is delivered into the enclosure by means 24 which are arranged to admit this gas when the enclosure 10 is isolated and the porous body 1 is energized.
  • oxidizing gas it is possible to use either the gas to be treated or the purging gas when their nature allows, or a gas distinct from these two gases.
  • This enclosure 10 is completely closed by a porous body 1, which is electrically conductive, being in the form of a plate which extends perpendicular to the axis 11 of the enclosure 10.
  • a valve 12 is arranged on the conduit 9, upstream of the porous body 1 by considering the direction of flow of the gas to be treated shown diagrammatically by the arrows 2,3, in order to make it possible to interrupt the admission of the gas into the enclosure 10 when and while the porous body 1 is tensioned to raise its temperature in order to gasify or ensure the combustion of the particles trapped in said porous body.
  • This device which is designed to separate the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues from the treated gas, comprises, downstream of the enclosure 10, a movable valve 13 disposed in the duct 9 and controlled to occupy two extreme positions, as shown in FIG.
  • a first position shown in solid lines, in which it allows the passage of the treated gas according to arrows 2 and 3 when the valve 12 is in the open position and the we are in the gas treatment phase
  • a second position shown in dashed lines, in which it authorizes, when the valve 12 is in the open position, the passage of the treated gas, used as sweep gas, which is then charged with the gases , combustion products and aforesaid residues for the elimination of this charged gas, according to the arrows 2.6, by the evacuation pipe 5.
  • the control 14 of the valve 13 is arranged, on the one hand, to pass the valve 13 from its first extreme position to its second extreme position at the same time as the closure of the valve 12 and, on the other hand, to maintain this valve 13 in this second extreme position, for a determined time, after the opening of said valve 12, and to return the valve, after expiration of this determined time, from its second to its first extreme position.
  • Means 15, comprising, for example, a differential contact pressure gauge 16, are associated with the enclosure 10 and the porous body 1 to permanently monitor in said enclosure 10, the pressure drop caused by this porous body. .
  • These means 15 are arranged to act automatically on the valve 12 and the control 14 of the valve 13, when a determined pressure drop is reached, in the following order: closing of the valve 12, installation of the valve 13 so that '' it occupies its second extreme position and energizes the porous body 1 via of a contactor 17.
  • These means 15 are further arranged for, after a determined time which is advantageously adjustable by means of well-known switchgear, controlling, automatically and in sequence, the switching off, by contact terminals 17 ′, Of the porous body 1, the opening of the valve 12 to authorize the admission of the gas into the enclosure 10, the installation of the valve 13 in its first extreme position so that it closes the evacuation pipe 5 treated gas charged with the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues.
  • the differential contact pressure gauge 16 is arranged to constantly maintain the valve 13 in its first extreme position; that is to say in its position where it closes the discharge pipe 5.
  • the device according to the invention comprises, as shown in FIG. 1, means 24 intended for injecting into the enclosure 10, when the supply of gas to be treated therein is interrupted and the porous body 1 is energized , oxidizing gas allowing the combustion of the particles retained in said porous body.
  • these means 24 consist of an injector 25 opening into the enclosure 10 in the vicinity of the porous body and supplied by the valve 12, which is two-way, the gas to be treated being, of course, an oxidizing gas.
  • the device according to the invention in its embodiment illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, is intended to process, batchwise, gas flowing at speeds between 1 and 7m / sec.
  • This device comprises a conduit 9 for the gas to be treated, an enclosure 10 interposed in this conduit and a porous body 1 which is electrically conductive.
  • This porous body 1 is tubular and blind and its axis coincides with the axis 11 of the duct 9 and of the enclosure 10.
  • the porous body 1 is immobilized in the enclosure 10 by means of, on the one hand, d '' a solid support plate 18, arranged perpendicular to the axis 11 near the opening 19 of the porous body, which sealingly seals the space between the enclosure and the porous body so that the entire gas entering the enclosure 10 is forced to flow through the porous body to be distributed in the enclosure 10 downstream of the above-mentioned plate 18 and, on the other hand, of an openwork support 20 arranged to disturb the the flow of treated gas is less possible.
  • the device comprises two valves 12 interposed in the duct 9 on either side of the enclosure 10 so as to be able to temporarily isolate the latter when the body porous 1 and the enclosure 10 must be rid of gases, combustion products and combustion residues resulting from the gasification and combustion of the particles retained in the porous body 1 when the latter is automatically switched on, to raise its temperature, by contact terminals 17 ′ and a contactor 17 controlled by a differential pressure gauge 16 when the aforementioned determined pressure drop caused by the porous body 1 is reached.
  • the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues are evacuated from the porous body 1 and from the enclosure 10 by a purging gas distinct from the gas to be treated.
  • the enclosure 10 comprises, on the one hand, a supply pipe 21 for the sweeping gas which is arranged, so that this sweeping gas circulates, according to the arrows 7, in the same direction as the gas to treat, to deliver said sweeping gas near the opening 19 of the porous body 1 and, on the other hand, an evacuation pipe 22 of the sweeping gas which is connected to the enclosure, opposite the line 21, to collect the sweeping gas introduced into the enclosure and charged with the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues after its passage through the porous body 1 and the enclosure 10 when the latter is isolated, these pipes each being provided a valve 21 ′, 22 ′ to allow the enclosure 10 to be isolated from the purging gas circuit while the gas to be treated normally circulates in the conduit 9.
  • the aforementioned means 15 are constituted, as in the embodiment illustrated in figure 1, by a pressure gauge e differential contact 16 which is arranged to automatically control, in order and for a determined time which is adjustable, when a determined pressure drop is reached, the closure of the two valves 12 provided in the conduit 9 to interrupt the arrival of gas to be treated in the enclosure 10 and to isolate the latter, energizing the porous body 1 by means of the contactor 17 and the contact terminals 17 ′, de-energizing, after a determined time, said porous body, l opening, for a determined and adjustable time, of the valves 21 ′ and 22 ′ formed in the pipes 21, 22 which allow the intake of the sweep gas into the enclosure 10 and the exhaust of the sweep gas from the latter when 'it is responsible for the gases, combustion products and residues which result from the gasification and from the combustion of the particles retained in the porous body 1 when the temperature of the latter is high by being energized.
  • the differential pressure gauge 16 is also arranged to automatically control, in the order and after the determined adjustable time for admission of the sweep gas into the enclosure 10, the closing of the valves 21 ′ and 22 ′ formed respectively in the pipes. 21 and 22 and the opening of the valves 12 formed in the conduit 9 to restore the flow of gas to be treated through the enclosure 10.
  • the device according to the invention and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 is, like the previous ones, intended to process, batchwise, gas flowing at speeds greater than 7m / sec.
  • a battery of three porous tubular blind bodies 1 is mounted in the same manner as that described above for the device shown in Figures 2 and 3, so that they are regularly distributed in the enclosure 10 parallel to the axis 11 thereof and so that the openings 19 of these porous bodies are turned towards the valve 12 formed in the duct 9 located upstream of the porous bodies, considering the direction of movement of the gas to be treated in this duct 9.
  • the purging gas circulates, in the enclosure 10 and the porous bodies 1, according to the arrows 7, against the current of the gas to be treated, which is particularly advantageous when the particles trapped in the porous bodies tend to concentrate in their zones close to their surface 8 by which the gas to be treated enters the porous body.
  • the oxidizing gas can be brought into the chambers 10 by the circuit 21, 22 of sweeping gas.
  • the device according to the invention which is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, is intended to process gas continuously.
  • This device comprises two parallel enclosures 10, similar to that which is shown in FIG. 3 and each comprising a circuit 21, 22 for sweeping gas, which are inserted in the conduit 9 of gas to be treated and which are intended to operate in sandwich course. That is to say that one of the enclosures 10 is crossed by the gas to be treated while the other enclosure is isolated, by virtue of the valves 23 which it comprises, in order to be cleared, as well as the porous body 1 which it contains, gases, products of combustion and residues resulting from gasification and the combustion of particles trapped in the porous body.
  • Means 15, as described above, are provided on each of the enclosures 10 to monitor the pressure drop due to the porous body 1 and are arranged to control the valves 23 of the enclosures 10 to isolate the latter alternately and to put under on and off the porous body 1 of the insulated enclosure 10 and to control the valves 21 ′, 22 ′ of the pipes 21, 22 of the insulated enclosure to allow the circulation of the purging gas, the valves 23 on the other enclosure being kept open to allow the passage of the gas to be treated while the valves 21 ′ and 22 ′ of the pipes 21 and 22 associated with the latter enclosure are kept closed.

Abstract

Method of treating a gas laden with gasifiable or combustible particles, involving passing the entire gas to be treated through an electrically conductive porous body (1) of such a porosity that it retains the particles, following the pressure loss caused by the porous body, automatically interrupting the supply of gas at a specific pressure drop through the latter, automatically applying voltage to the porous body in order to bring it to a specific temperature ensuring the gasification or combustion of the particles which it retains, clearing the porous body of the residues of the particles by means of a gas stream, and restoring the passage of the gas to be treated through the porous body, and apparatus for carrying out this method. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de traitement d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz chargé de particules gazéifiables ou combustibles, par séparation et transformation de ces particules.The present invention relates to a process for treating a gas or a mixture of gases charged with gasifiable or combustible particles, by separation and transformation of these particles.

L'invention a pour but de procurer un procédé capable de séparer, efficacement et économiquement, d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz en mouvement, les particules solides, pâteuses ou liquides, qu'il contient et qui doivent être extraites du gaz pour permettre son utilisation, cette séparation s'effectuant, dans un premier temps, par simple capture des particules contenues dans le gaz ou le mélange de gaz en mouvement, tandis que les particules capturées sont, dans un deuxième temps, transformées, par gazéification ou combustion, pour être soit incorporées au gaz traité quand leur nature, après transformation, permet leur présence dans le gaz, soit évacuées du circuit du gaz précité par un courant gazeux formé par le gaz qui fait l'objet de la séparation susdite ou par un gaz, distinct de celui-­ci, dont les propriétés, le débit et le sens du mouvement sont choisis pour faciliter l'évacuation des particules transformées.The object of the invention is to provide a process capable of separating, effectively and economically, from a moving gas or mixture of gases, the solid, pasty or liquid particles which it contains and which must be extracted from the gas to allow its use, this separation being carried out, in a first step, by simple capture of the particles contained in the gas or the mixture of moving gases, while the captured particles are, in a second step, transformed, by gasification or combustion, to be either incorporated into the treated gas when their nature, after transformation, allows their presence in the gas, or evacuated from the above-mentioned gas circuit by a gaseous current formed by the gas which is the subject of the above-mentioned separation or by a gas, distinct from it, whose properties, flow rate and direction of movement are chosen to facilitate the evacuation of the transformed particles.

A cet effet, suivant l'invention, ledit procédé consiste à faire passer l'entièreté du gaz ou mélange de gaz à traiter, à température ambiante ainsi qu'à vitesse et pression déterminées sensiblement constantes, à travers un corps poreux conducteur de l'électricité et dont la porosité est telle qu'il retient les particules précitées, à suivre la perte de charge provoquée par le corps poreux et de préférence en permanence à interrompre automatiquement, lorsqu'une perte de charge déterminée est atteinte au travers du corps poreux, l'amenée de gaz, à mettre automatiquement sous tension, pendant un temps déterminé, ledit corps poreux pour le porter à une température déterminée, comprise entre 100 et 1000°C, capable d'assurer la gazéification ou la combustion des particules qui y sont retenues,à débarrasser le corps poreux des résidus desdites particules par un courant gazeux et à rétablir le passage du gaz à traiter à travers le corps poreux pour le diriger vers son endroit d'utilisation ou de stockage.To this end, according to the invention, said method consists in passing the entire gas or mixture of gas to be treated, at room temperature and at a substantially constant speed and pressure determined, through an electrically conductive porous body and whose porosity is such that it retains the aforementioned particles, to follow the pressure drop caused by the porous body and preferably permanently to automatically interrupt, when a determined pressure drop is reached through the porous body, the supply of gas, to automatically energize, for a determined time, said porous body for the bring to a determined temperature, between 100 and 1000 ° C., capable of ensuring the gasification or combustion of the particles retained therein, to rid the porous body of the residues of said particles by a gas stream and to restore the passage of the gas to be treated through the porous body to direct it towards its place of use or storage.

L'invention est également relative à un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé précité.The invention also relates to a device for implementing the above method.

Suivant l'invention, ce dispositif comprend des moyens pour canaliser le gaz ou le mélange de gaz à traiter à travers au moins une enceinte dans laquelle est agencé au moins un corps poreux conducteur de l'électricité à travers duquel passe la totalité du gaz à traiter, des moyens pour suivre, dans l'enceinte susdite,la perte de charge provoquée par le corps poreux, des moyens, disposés en amont de l'enceinte précitée, agencés pour interrompre l'admission du gaz à traiter dans l'enceinte et pour être commandés automatiquement par les moyens susdits lorsqu'une perte de charge déterminée est atteinte, des moyens pour mettre le corps poreux sous tension pendant un temps déterminé et agencés pour être commandés automatiquement par les moyens suivant la perte de charge, lorsque celle-ci atteint une valeur déterminée et lorsque l'admission de gaz à traiter dans l'enceinte est interrompue, et des moyens pour débarrasser l'élément poreux et l'enceinte, dans laquelle il est disposé,des résidus résultant de la gazéification et de la combustion des particules dont est chargé le gaz à traiter et qui ont été retenues dans ledit élément poreux.According to the invention, this device comprises means for channeling the gas or the mixture of gases to be treated through at least one enclosure in which is arranged at least one porous electrically conductive body through which all the gas passes. treat, means for monitoring, in the aforementioned enclosure, the pressure drop caused by the porous body, means, arranged upstream of the aforementioned enclosure, arranged to interrupt the admission of the gas to be treated into the enclosure and to be ordered automatically by the above means when a determined pressure drop is reached, means for energizing the porous body for a determined time and arranged to be controlled automatically by the means according to the pressure drop, when the latter reaches a determined value and when the admission of gas to be treated into the enclosure is interrupted, and means for ridding the porous element and the enclosure, in which it is arranged, of residues resulting from the gasification and from the combustion of the particles with which the gas to be charged is which have been retained in said porous element.

D'autres détails et particularités de l'invention ressortiront de la description des dessins annexés au présent mémoire et qui illustrent, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, le procédé suivant l'invention et des formes de réalisation particulières du dispositif suivant l'invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue schématique, en élévation et partiellement en coupe, montrant une forme de réalisation simple de dispositif, pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant l'invention, et qui convient pour un traitement discontinu de gaz dont la vitesse est inférieure à ou de l'ordre de 1m/sec.
  • Les figures 2 et 4 sont des vues en coupe, suivant les lignes II.II et IV.IV des figures 3 et 5, montrant des variantes du dispositif illustré à ladite figure 1, ces variantes étant destinées au traitement discontinu de gaz dont les vitesses sont respectivement inférieures ou égales à 7m/sec et supérieures à 7m/sec.
  • Les figures 3 et 5 sont des sections suivant les lignes III-III et V-V des figures 2 et 4.
  • La figure 6 est une vue en coupe, suivant la ligne VI.VI de la figure 7, et représente une autre variante du dispositif suivant l'invention qui permet le traitement en continu du gaz.
  • La figure 7 est une section suivant la ligne VII-­VII de la figure 6.
Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description of the drawings appended to this memo and which illustrate, by way of nonlimiting examples, the method according to the invention and particular embodiments of the device according to the invention .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view, in elevation and partially in section, showing a simple embodiment of device, for the implementation of the method according to the invention, and which is suitable for a batch treatment of gas whose speed is lower at or around 1m / sec.
  • Figures 2 and 4 are sectional views along lines II.II and IV.IV of Figures 3 and 5, showing variants of the device illustrated in said Figure 1, these variants being intended for the discontinuous treatment of gases whose speeds are respectively less than or equal to 7m / sec and greater than 7m / sec.
  • Figures 3 and 5 are sections according to the lines III-III and VV of figures 2 and 4.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view along line VI.VI of Figure 7, and shows another variant of the device according to the invention which allows continuous treatment of the gas.
  • Figure 7 is a section along line VII-VII of Figure 6.

Dans les différentes figures, les mêmes notations de référence désignent des éléments identiques ou analogues.In the different figures, the same reference notations designate identical or analogous elements.

Le procédé suivant l'invention et illustré aux dessins, est destiné au traitement d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz qui est chargé de particules gazéifiables ou combustibles qui ne permettent pas son utilisation directe. Ce traitement consiste à tout d'abord séparer les particules du gaz en les capturant pour ensuite les transformer pour qu'elles puissent être évacuées, par un courant gazeux, de l'endroit où elles ont été capturées.The process according to the invention and illustrated in the drawings, is intended for the treatment of a gas or a mixture of gases which is charged with gasifiable or combustible particles which do not allow its direct use. This treatment consists in first of all separating the particles from the gas by capturing them, then transforming them so that they can be evacuated, by a gas stream, from the place where they were captured.

Suivant ce procédé, on fait passer, à température ambiante ainsi qu'à vitesse et pression déterminées sensiblement constantes, le gaz ou le mélange à travers un corps poreux 1, qui est conducteur de l'électricité et dont la porosité est choisie pour qu'il retienne les particules solides, pâteuses ou encore liquides contenues dans le gaz. On suit, en permanence, la perte de charge provoquée par ce corps poreux 1 en considérant le sens d'écoulement du gaz à traiter indiqué par la flèche 2. Lorsqu'une perte de charge déterminée est provoquée par le corps poreux 1, on interrompt automatiquement l'amenée de gaz sur ce dernier et on met automatiquement sous tension, pendant un temps déterminé en fonction de la nature des particules capturées dans le corps poreux, ce dernier pour le porter, par effet Joule, à une température déterminée, qui est généralement comprise entre 100 et 1000°C et qui est capable d'assurer la gazéification ou la combustion pratiquement totale des particules retenues dans ledit corps poreux. On débarrasse enfin celui-ci des résidus des particules qui y subsistent par un courant gazeux et on rétablit le passage du gaz à traiter à travers le corps poreux 1 pour le diriger, suivant la flèche 2, vers son endroit d'utilisation ou de stockage.According to this process, the gas or the mixture is passed, at ambient temperature and at a speed and pressure determined to be substantially constant, through a porous body 1, which is electrically conductive and whose porosity is chosen so that it retains solid, pasty or even liquid particles contained in the gas. The pressure drop caused by this porous body 1 is continuously monitored by considering the direction of flow of the gas to be treated indicated by the arrow 2. When a determined pressure drop is caused by the porous body 1, the interruption is interrupted automatically supply gas to the latter and automatically switch on, for a time determined as a function of the nature of the particles captured in the porous body, the latter to bring it, by the Joule effect, to a determined temperature, which is generally between 100 and 1000 ° C. and which is capable of ensuring the gasification or the almost total combustion of the particles retained in said porous body. Finally, the latter is freed of the residues of the particles which remain there by a gaseous current and the passage of the gas to be treated is restored through the porous body 1 to direct it, according to arrow 2, to its place of use or storage. .

Quand la présence des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus résultant de la transformation des particules, retenues dans le corps poreux 1, par élévation de la température de ce dernier peut être admise dans le gaz traité, ces gaz, produits de combustion et résidus sont éliminés du corps poreux 1 par le gaz à traiter lorsque le passage de ce dernier est rétabli à travers ledit corps poreux, suivant la flèche 2, pour être dirigé, suivant la flèche 3 vers son endroit d'utilisation (voir figure 1). Par contre, lorsque les gaz, produits de combustion et résidus susdits sont à séparer du gaz pour autoriser l'utilisation de celui-ci, on peut les éliminer du gaz à traiter, toujours comme montré à la figure 1, à l'aide de celui-ci lorsque l'on rétablit son passage à travers le corps poreux. Pour ce faire, on dérive, en aval du corps poreux et pendant un temps déterminé, le gaz traité chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus, par des moyens 4, vers un conduit 5 et suivant la flèche 6, pour son évacuation. Lorsque cette dernière est terminée, on rétablit le circuit de gaz traité suivant la flèche 3 pour le diriger vers son endroit d'utilisation ou de stockage.When the presence of the gases, combustion products and residues resulting from the transformation of the particles, retained in the porous body 1, by raising the temperature of the latter can be admitted in the treated gas, these gases, combustion products and residues are eliminated from the porous body 1 by the gas to be treated when the passage of the latter is restored through said porous body, according to arrow 2, to be directed, according to arrow 3 towards its place of use (see FIG. 1). On the other hand, when the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues are to be separated from the gas to authorize the use of the latter, they can be removed from the gas to be treated, still as shown in FIG. 1, using this when we reestablish its passage through the porous body. To do this, the treated gas laden with gases, combustion products and residues is diverted downstream of the porous body and for a determined time, by means 4, to a conduit 5 and along arrow 6, for its evacuation. When the latter is completed, the treated gas circuit is restored according to arrow 3 to direct it to its place of use or storage.

Quand les gaz, produits de combustion et résidus précités doivent être éliminés du gaz traité pour autoriser son utilisation, et en particulier quand soit la nature du gaz à traiter ne permet pas cette élimination dans de bonnes conditions, soit quand le débit de ce gaz est insuffisant pour assurer parfaitement cette élimination dans un temps relativement court, on débarrasse le corps poreux 1 desdits gaz, produits de combustion et résidus à l'aide d'un gaz de balayage qui est distinct du gaz à traiter. On fait circuler ce gaz de balayage (comme montré notamment à la figure 2), pendant un temps déterminé, à travers le corps poreux 1 suivant un circuit schématisé par les flèches 7 et on évacue ce gaz de balayage chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus à éliminer pendant l'interruption de passage du gaz à traiter à travers le corps poreux 1.When the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues must be eliminated from the treated gas to authorize its use, and in particular when either the nature of the gas to be treated does not allow this elimination under good conditions, or when the flow rate of this gas is insufficient to ensure this elimination perfectly in a relatively short time, the porous body 1 is freed from said gases, combustion products and residues using a sweeping gas which is distinct from the gas to be treated. This sweeping gas is circulated (as shown in particular in FIG. 2), for a determined time, through the porous body 1 according to a circuit shown diagrammatically by the arrows 7 and this sweeping gas laden with gases, products of combustion, is discharged and residues to be removed during the interruption of passage of the gas to be treated through the porous body 1.

On peut, comme montré à la figure 2, faire circuler le gaz à traiter et le gaz de balayage dans le même sens. Toutefois, il peut être intéressant, pour décrocher les résidus présents dans le corps poreux, de faire circuler le gaz à traiter et le gaz de balayage à contre-courant, comme schématisé à la figure 4 par les flèches 2,3 pour le gaz à traiter et les flèches 7 pour le gaz de balayage.It is possible, as shown in FIG. 2, to circulate the gas to be treated and the purging gas in the same direction. However, it may be advantageous, to unhook the residues present in the porous body, to circulate the gas to be treated and the sweeping gas against the current, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4 by the arrows 2,3 for the gas to process and arrows 7 for sweep gas.

Le procédé suivant l'invention n'est pas limité à un traitement de gaz en discontinu. En effet, comme montré à la figure 6 et afin de traiter du gaz en continu, on prévoit, quand l'amenée du gaz à traiter à travers le corps poreux 1 est interrompue pour l'élimination des produits précités de ce corps poreux, de dériver le gaz à traiter vers un second corps poreux 1′ qui est analogue au corps poreux 1 et qui est pourvu du même équipement que ce dernier, ces deux corps poreux 1 et 1′ fonctionnant de manière identique et en alternance.The process according to the invention is not limited to a batch gas treatment. Indeed, as shown in Figure 6 and in order to process gas continuously, it is expected, when the supply of gas to be treated through the porous body 1 is interrupted for the elimination of the aforementioned products from this porous body, to divert the gas to be treated towards a second porous body 1 ′ which is analogous to the porous body 1 and which is provided with the same equipment as the latter , these two porous bodies 1 and 1 ′ operating in an identical manner and alternately.

On utilise avantageusement un corps poreux 1, 1′ réalisé en un matériau céramique électroconducteur,constitué par exemple de fibres d'alumine sur lesquelles a été déposé du SiC en phase gazeuse. Le degré de porosité du corps poreux est choisi pour être compris entre 50 à 90% et la surface de contact externe 8 à travers laquelle le gaz à traiter pénètre dans le corps poreux est comprise entre 0,05 et 1,5m² et ce, pour une épaisseur du corps poreux comprise entre 1 et 25 mm. La densité moyenne du corps poreux est avantageusement comprise entre 0,2 gr/cm³et 1gr/cm³, sa résistance mécanique ou cisaillement est comprise entre 0,5 et 5kg/mm² tandis que sa résistivité électrique est comprise entre 0,5 et 2,5 ohm cm à une température comprise entre 20°C et 50°C. La structure du matériau céramique est en outre choisie pour permettre le passage de l'air à une vitesse comprise entre 0,3 et 7m/sec, à une pression comprise entre 9 et 20 mbar.Advantageously, a porous body 1, 1 ′ is used, made of an electrically conductive ceramic material, consisting for example of alumina fibers on which SiC has been deposited in the gas phase. The degree of porosity of the porous body is chosen to be between 50 to 90% and the external contact surface 8 through which the gas to be treated enters the porous body is between 0.05 and 1.5m² and this, for a thickness of the porous body of between 1 and 25 mm. The average density of the porous body is advantageously between 0.2 gr / cm³ and 1gr / cm³, its mechanical or shear strength is between 0.5 and 5kg / mm² while its electrical resistivity is between 0.5 and 2.5 ohm cm at a temperature between 20 ° C and 50 ° C. The structure of the ceramic material is also chosen to allow the passage of air at a speed between 0.3 and 7 m / sec, at a pressure between 9 and 20 mbar.

Lorsque l'on prévoit la combustion des particules retenues dans le corps poreux, il peut être nécessaire, quand le gaz contenu dans l'enceinte isolée soit n'est pas un gaz comburant, soit quand il est comburant mais en quantité insuffisante dans l'enceinte pour permettre la combustion complète des particules, d'admettre un gaz comburant dans ladite enceinte à proximité du corps poreux pour qu'il puisse traverser ce dernier (voir figure 1). Le gaz comburant est débité dans l'enceinte par des moyens 24 qui sont agencés pour admettre ce gaz quand l'enceinte 10 est isolée et que le corps poreux 1 est mis sous tension. Comme gaz comburant, on peut utiliser soit le gaz à traiter ou le gaz de balayage quand leur nature le permet, soit un gaz distinct de ces deux gaz.When provision is made for the combustion of the particles retained in the porous body, it may be necessary, when the gas contained in the isolated enclosure either is not an oxidizing gas, or when it is oxidizing but in insufficient quantity in the enclosure to allow complete combustion of particles, to admit an oxidizing gas into said enclosure near the porous body so that it can pass through the latter (see FIG. 1). The oxidizing gas is delivered into the enclosure by means 24 which are arranged to admit this gas when the enclosure 10 is isolated and the porous body 1 is energized. As oxidizing gas, it is possible to use either the gas to be treated or the purging gas when their nature allows, or a gas distinct from these two gases.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention, pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé susdit comprend, dans sa forme de réalisation illustrée à la figure 1 et destinée à traiter en discontinu du gaz circulant à une vitesse inférieure ou égale à 1m/sec, un conduit 9 pour le gaz à traiter, une enceinte 10 interposée dans ce conduit 9 de manière à être coaxiale à ce dernier. Cette enceinte 10 est complètement obturée par un corps poreux 1, qui est conducteur de l'électricité, se présentant sous la forme d'une plaque qui s'étend perpendiculairement à l'axe 11 de l'enceinte 10. Une vanne 12 est agencée sur le conduit 9, en amont du corps poreux 1 en considérant le sens d'écoulement du gaz à traiter schématisé par les flèches 2,3, afin de permettre d'interrompre l'admission du gaz dans l'enceinte 10 lorsque et pendant que le corps poreux 1 est mis sous tension pour élever sa température afin de gazéifier ou d'assurer la combustion des particules emprisonnées dans ledit corps poreux. Ce dispositif, qui est prévu pour séparer les gaz, produits de combustion et résidus précités du gaz traité, comprend,en aval de l'enceinte 10, un clapet mobile 13 disposé dans le conduit 9 et commandé pour occuper deux positions extrêmes, comme montré à la figure 1, à savoir : une première position, représentée en traits pleins, dans laquelle il autorise le passage du gaz traité suivant les flèches 2 et 3 quand la vanne 12 est en position ouverte et que l'on est en phase de traitement du gaz et une seconde position, représentée en traits interrompus, dans laquelle il autorise, quand la vanne 12 est en position ouverte, le passage du gaz traité, utilisé comme gaz de balayage, qui est alors chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus susdits pour l'élimination de ce gaz chargé, suivant les flèches 2,6, par la canalisation d'évacuation 5. La commande 14 du clapet 13 est agencée, d'une part, pour faire passer le clapet 13 de sa première position extrême à sa seconde position extrême en même temps que la fermeture de la vanne 12 et, d'autre part, pour maintenir ce clapet 13 dans cette seconde position extrême, pendant un temps déterminé, après l'ouverture de ladite vanne 12, et pour ramener le clapet , après écoulement de ce temps déterminé, de sa seconde à sa première position extrême. Des moyens 15, comprenant, par exemple, un manomètre différentiel à contact 16, sont associés à l'enceinte 10 et au corps poreux 1 pour suivre en permanence dans ladite enceinte 10, la perte de charge provoquée par ce corps poreux. . Ces moyens 15 sont agencés pour agir automatiquement sur la vanne 12 et la commande 14 du clapet 13, lorsqu'une perte de charge déterminée est atteinte, dans l'ordre suivant : fermeture de la vanne 12, mise en place du clapet 13 pour qu'il occupe sa seconde position extrême et mise sous tension du corps poreux 1 par l'intermédiaire d'un contacteur 17. Ces moyens 15 sont en outre agencés pour, après un temps déterminé qui est avantageusement réglable grâce à des appareillages bien connus, commander, automatiquement et dans l'ordre, la mise hors tension, par des bornes de contact 17′, du corps poreux 1, l'ouverture de la vanne 12 pour autoriser l'admission du gaz dans l'enceinte 10, la mise en place du clapet 13 dans sa première position extrême pour qu'il obture la canalisation d'évacuation 5 du gaz traité chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus précités.The device according to the invention, for the implementation of the abovementioned method comprises, in its embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 and intended for batchwise processing of the gas flowing at a speed less than or equal to 1 m / sec, a conduit 9 for the gas to be treated, an enclosure 10 interposed in this conduit 9 so as to be coaxial with the latter. This enclosure 10 is completely closed by a porous body 1, which is electrically conductive, being in the form of a plate which extends perpendicular to the axis 11 of the enclosure 10. A valve 12 is arranged on the conduit 9, upstream of the porous body 1 by considering the direction of flow of the gas to be treated shown diagrammatically by the arrows 2,3, in order to make it possible to interrupt the admission of the gas into the enclosure 10 when and while the porous body 1 is tensioned to raise its temperature in order to gasify or ensure the combustion of the particles trapped in said porous body. This device, which is designed to separate the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues from the treated gas, comprises, downstream of the enclosure 10, a movable valve 13 disposed in the duct 9 and controlled to occupy two extreme positions, as shown in FIG. 1, namely: a first position, shown in solid lines, in which it allows the passage of the treated gas according to arrows 2 and 3 when the valve 12 is in the open position and the we are in the gas treatment phase and a second position, shown in dashed lines, in which it authorizes, when the valve 12 is in the open position, the passage of the treated gas, used as sweep gas, which is then charged with the gases , combustion products and aforesaid residues for the elimination of this charged gas, according to the arrows 2.6, by the evacuation pipe 5. The control 14 of the valve 13 is arranged, on the one hand, to pass the valve 13 from its first extreme position to its second extreme position at the same time as the closure of the valve 12 and, on the other hand, to maintain this valve 13 in this second extreme position, for a determined time, after the opening of said valve 12, and to return the valve, after expiration of this determined time, from its second to its first extreme position. Means 15, comprising, for example, a differential contact pressure gauge 16, are associated with the enclosure 10 and the porous body 1 to permanently monitor in said enclosure 10, the pressure drop caused by this porous body. . These means 15 are arranged to act automatically on the valve 12 and the control 14 of the valve 13, when a determined pressure drop is reached, in the following order: closing of the valve 12, installation of the valve 13 so that '' it occupies its second extreme position and energizes the porous body 1 via of a contactor 17. These means 15 are further arranged for, after a determined time which is advantageously adjustable by means of well-known switchgear, controlling, automatically and in sequence, the switching off, by contact terminals 17 ′, Of the porous body 1, the opening of the valve 12 to authorize the admission of the gas into the enclosure 10, the installation of the valve 13 in its first extreme position so that it closes the evacuation pipe 5 treated gas charged with the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues.

Dans le dispositif illustré à la figure 1 et lorsque les gaz, les produits de combustion et les résidus qui proviennent de la gazéification et de la combustion des particules, présentes dans l'enceinte 10 et dans le corps poreux 1 après la mise hors tension de celui-ci, peuvent subsister dans le gaz traité car elles ne sont pas gênantes pour son utilisation, le manomètre différentiel à contact 16 est agencé pour maintenir constamment le clapet 13 dans sa première position extrême ; c'est-à-dire dans sa position où il obture la canalisation d'évacuation 5.In the device illustrated in FIG. 1 and when the gases, the combustion products and the residues which come from the gasification and the combustion of the particles, present in the enclosure 10 and in the porous body 1 after the power is turned off the latter, may remain in the treated gas because they are not troublesome for its use, the differential contact pressure gauge 16 is arranged to constantly maintain the valve 13 in its first extreme position; that is to say in its position where it closes the discharge pipe 5.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention comprend, comme montré à la figure 1, des moyens 24 destinés à injecter dans l'enceinte 10, lorsque l'arrivée de gaz à traiter dans cette dernière est interrompue et que le corps poreux 1 est mis sous tension, du gaz comburant permettant la combustion des particules retenues dans ledit corps poreux. Dans le cas illustré, ces moyens 24 sont constitués par un injecteur 25 débouchant dans l'enceinte 10 à proximité du corps poreux et alimenté par la vanne 12, qui est à deux voies, le gaz à traiter étant, bien entendu, un gaz comburant. On pourrait également concevoir une simple vanne 12 qui serait commandée pour réduire l'admission de gaz à traiter, quand le corps poreux est mis sous tension, jusqu'à un niveau qui permet la combustion des particules retenues dans le corps poreux.The device according to the invention comprises, as shown in FIG. 1, means 24 intended for injecting into the enclosure 10, when the supply of gas to be treated therein is interrupted and the porous body 1 is energized , oxidizing gas allowing the combustion of the particles retained in said porous body. In the illustrated case, these means 24 consist of an injector 25 opening into the enclosure 10 in the vicinity of the porous body and supplied by the valve 12, which is two-way, the gas to be treated being, of course, an oxidizing gas. One could also design a simple valve 12 which would be controlled to reduce the admission of gas to be treated, when the porous body is energized, to a level which allows the combustion of the particles retained in the porous body.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention, dans sa forme de réalisation illustrée aux figures 2 et 3, est destiné à traiter, en discontinu, du gaz circulant à des vitesses comprises entre 1 et 7m/sec. Ce dispositif comprend un conduit 9 pour le gaz à traiter, une enceinte 10 intercalée dans ce conduit et un corps poreux 1 qui est conducteur de l'électricité. Ce corps poreux 1 est tubulaire et borgne et son axe est confondu avec l'axe 11 du conduit 9 et de l'enceinte 10. Le corps poreux 1 est immobilisé dans l'enceinte 10 par l'intermédiaire, d'une part, d'une plaque pleine de support 18, disposée perpendiculairement à l'axe 11 à proximité de l'ouverture 19 du corps poreux, qui obture de manière étanche l'espace compris entre l'enceinte et le corps poreux de telle sorte que la totalité du gaz pénétrant dans l'enceinte 10 est forcée de s'écouler à travers le corps poreux pour se répartir dans l'enceinte 10 en aval de la plaque 18 susdite et, d'autre part, d'un support ajouré 20 agencé pour perturber le moins possible l'écoulement du gaz traité.Le dispositif comprend deux vannes 12 interposées dans le conduit 9 de part et d'autre de l'enceinte 10 afin de pouvoir isoler temporairement cette dernière lorsque le corps poreux 1 et l'enceinte 10 doivent être débarrassés des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus de la combustion résultant de la gazéification et de la combustion des particules retenues dans le corps poreux 1 quand celui-ci est mis automatiquement sous tension, pour élever sa température, par des bornes de contact 17′ et un contacteur 17 commandé par un manomètre différentiel 16 au moment où la perte de charge déterminée susdite provoquée par le corps poreux 1 est atteinte. Dans cette forme de réalisation, les gaz, produits de combustion et résidus susdits sont évacués du corps poreux 1 et de l'enceinte 10 par un gaz de balayage distinct du gaz à traiter. A cet effet, l'enceinte 10 comporte, d'une part, une canalisation d'amenée 21 du gaz de balayage qui est agencée, afin que ce gaz de balayage circule, suivant les flèches 7, dans le même sens que le gaz à traiter, pour débiter ledit gaz de balayage à proximité de l'ouverture 19 du corps poreux 1 et, d'autre part, une canalisation d'évacuation 22 du gaz de balayage qui est raccordée à l'enceinte, à l'opposé de la canalisation 21, pour recueillir le gaz de balayage introduit dans l'enceinte et chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus précités après son passage à travers le corps poreux 1 et l'enceinte 10 lorsque cette dernière est isolée, ces canalisations étant chacune pourvue d'une vanne 21′, 22′ pour permettre d'isoler l'enceinte 10 du circuit de gaz de balayage pendant que le gaz à traiter circule normalement dans le conduit 9. Les moyens 15 précités sont constitués, comme dans la forme de réalisation illustrée à la figure 1, par un manomètre différentiel à contact 16 qui est agencé pour commander automatiquement, dans l'ordre et pendant un temps déterminé qui est réglable, au moment où une perte de charge déterminée est atteinte, la fermeture des deux vannes 12 prévues dans le conduit 9 pour interrompre l'arrivée de gaz à traiter dans l'enceinte 10 et pour isoler cette dernière, la mise sous tension du corps poreux 1 grâce au contacteur 17 et aux bornes de contact 17′, la mise hors tension, après un temps déterminé, dudit corps poreux, l'ouverture, pendant un temps déterminé et réglable, des vannes 21′ et 22′ ménagées dans les canalisations 21,22 qui permettent l'admission du gaz de balayage dans l'enceinte 10 et l'échappement du gaz de balayage de cette dernière lorsqu'il est chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et des résidus qui résultent de la gazéification et de la combustion des particules retenues dans le corps poreux 1 lorsque la température de celui-ci est élevée par sa mise sous tension. Le manomètre différentiel à contact 16 est également agencé pour commander automatiquement, dans l'ordre et après le temps déterminé réglable d'admission du gaz de balayage dans l'enceinte 10, la fermeture des vannes 21′ et 22′ ménagées respectivement dans les canalisations 21 et 22 et l'ouverture des vannes 12 ménagées dans le conduit 9 pour rétablir le courant de gaz à traiter à travers l'enceinte 10.The device according to the invention, in its embodiment illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, is intended to process, batchwise, gas flowing at speeds between 1 and 7m / sec. This device comprises a conduit 9 for the gas to be treated, an enclosure 10 interposed in this conduit and a porous body 1 which is electrically conductive. This porous body 1 is tubular and blind and its axis coincides with the axis 11 of the duct 9 and of the enclosure 10. The porous body 1 is immobilized in the enclosure 10 by means of, on the one hand, d '' a solid support plate 18, arranged perpendicular to the axis 11 near the opening 19 of the porous body, which sealingly seals the space between the enclosure and the porous body so that the entire gas entering the enclosure 10 is forced to flow through the porous body to be distributed in the enclosure 10 downstream of the above-mentioned plate 18 and, on the other hand, of an openwork support 20 arranged to disturb the the flow of treated gas is less possible. The device comprises two valves 12 interposed in the duct 9 on either side of the enclosure 10 so as to be able to temporarily isolate the latter when the body porous 1 and the enclosure 10 must be rid of gases, combustion products and combustion residues resulting from the gasification and combustion of the particles retained in the porous body 1 when the latter is automatically switched on, to raise its temperature, by contact terminals 17 ′ and a contactor 17 controlled by a differential pressure gauge 16 when the aforementioned determined pressure drop caused by the porous body 1 is reached. In this embodiment, the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues are evacuated from the porous body 1 and from the enclosure 10 by a purging gas distinct from the gas to be treated. For this purpose, the enclosure 10 comprises, on the one hand, a supply pipe 21 for the sweeping gas which is arranged, so that this sweeping gas circulates, according to the arrows 7, in the same direction as the gas to treat, to deliver said sweeping gas near the opening 19 of the porous body 1 and, on the other hand, an evacuation pipe 22 of the sweeping gas which is connected to the enclosure, opposite the line 21, to collect the sweeping gas introduced into the enclosure and charged with the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues after its passage through the porous body 1 and the enclosure 10 when the latter is isolated, these pipes each being provided a valve 21 ′, 22 ′ to allow the enclosure 10 to be isolated from the purging gas circuit while the gas to be treated normally circulates in the conduit 9. The aforementioned means 15 are constituted, as in the embodiment illustrated in figure 1, by a pressure gauge e differential contact 16 which is arranged to automatically control, in order and for a determined time which is adjustable, when a determined pressure drop is reached, the closure of the two valves 12 provided in the conduit 9 to interrupt the arrival of gas to be treated in the enclosure 10 and to isolate the latter, energizing the porous body 1 by means of the contactor 17 and the contact terminals 17 ′, de-energizing, after a determined time, said porous body, l opening, for a determined and adjustable time, of the valves 21 ′ and 22 ′ formed in the pipes 21, 22 which allow the intake of the sweep gas into the enclosure 10 and the exhaust of the sweep gas from the latter when 'it is responsible for the gases, combustion products and residues which result from the gasification and from the combustion of the particles retained in the porous body 1 when the temperature of the latter is high by being energized. The differential pressure gauge 16 is also arranged to automatically control, in the order and after the determined adjustable time for admission of the sweep gas into the enclosure 10, the closing of the valves 21 ′ and 22 ′ formed respectively in the pipes. 21 and 22 and the opening of the valves 12 formed in the conduit 9 to restore the flow of gas to be treated through the enclosure 10.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention et illustré aux figures 4 et 5 est, comme les précédents, destiné à traiter, en discontinu, du gaz circulant à des vitesses supérieures à 7m/sec. Dans ce dispositif, une batterie de trois corps poreux tubulaires borgnes 1 est montée de la même manière que celle décrite ci-­dessus pour le dispositif représenté aux figures 2 et 3, pour qu'ils soient régulièrement répartis dans l'enceinte 10 parallèlement à l'axe 11 de celle-ci et pour que les ouvertures 19 de ces corps poreux soient tournées vers la vanne 12 ménagée dans le conduit 9 située en amont des corps poreux, en considérant le sens de déplacement du gaz à traiter dans ce conduit 9. Dans cette forme de réalisation, le gaz de balayage circule, dans l'enceinte 10 et les corps poreux 1, suivant les flèches 7, à contre-courant du gaz à traiter, ce qui est particulièrement intéressant lorsque les particules emprisonnées dans les corps poreux ont tendance à se concentrer dans leurs zones proches de leur surface 8 par laquelle le gaz à traiter pénètre dans le corps poreux.The device according to the invention and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 is, like the previous ones, intended to process, batchwise, gas flowing at speeds greater than 7m / sec. In this device, a battery of three porous tubular blind bodies 1 is mounted in the same manner as that described above for the device shown in Figures 2 and 3, so that they are regularly distributed in the enclosure 10 parallel to the axis 11 thereof and so that the openings 19 of these porous bodies are turned towards the valve 12 formed in the duct 9 located upstream of the porous bodies, considering the direction of movement of the gas to be treated in this duct 9. In this embodiment, the purging gas circulates, in the enclosure 10 and the porous bodies 1, according to the arrows 7, against the current of the gas to be treated, which is particularly advantageous when the particles trapped in the porous bodies tend to concentrate in their zones close to their surface 8 by which the gas to be treated enters the porous body.

Dans les formes de réalisation illustrées aux figures 2 à 5, le gaz comburant peut être amené dans les enceintes 10 par le circuit 21,22 de gaz de balayage.In the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5, the oxidizing gas can be brought into the chambers 10 by the circuit 21, 22 of sweeping gas.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention, qui est illustré aux figures 6 et 7, est destiné à traiter du gaz en continu. Ce dispositif comprend deux enceintes parallèles 10, analogues à celle qui est représentée à la figure 3 et comportant chacune un circuit 21,22 pour du gaz de balayage, qui sont intercalées dans le conduit 9 de gaz à traiter et qui sont destinées à fonctionner en alternance. C'est-à-dire qu'une des enceintes 10 est traversée par le gaz à traiter pendant que l'autre enceinte est isolée, grâce aux vannes 23 qu'elle comporte, pour être débarrassée, ainsi que le corps poreux 1 qu'elle contient, des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus résultant de la gazéification et la combustion des particules emprisonnées dans le corps poreux. Des moyens 15, tels que décrits ci-dessus, sont prévus sur chacune des enceintes 10 pour suivre la perte de charge due au corps poreux 1 et sont agencés pour commander les vannes 23 des enceintes 10 pour isoler ces dernières en alternance et pour mettre sous tension et hors tension le corps poreux 1 de l'enceinte 10 isolée et de commander les vannes 21′, 22′ des canalisations 21,22 de l'enceinte isolée pour autoriser la circulation du gaz de balayage, les vannes 23 de l'autre enceinte étant maintenues ouvertes pour y autoriser le passage du gaz à traiter tandis que les vannes 21′ et 22′ des canalisations 21 et 22 associées à cette dernière enceinte sont maintenues fermées.The device according to the invention, which is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, is intended to process gas continuously. This device comprises two parallel enclosures 10, similar to that which is shown in FIG. 3 and each comprising a circuit 21, 22 for sweeping gas, which are inserted in the conduit 9 of gas to be treated and which are intended to operate in sandwich course. That is to say that one of the enclosures 10 is crossed by the gas to be treated while the other enclosure is isolated, by virtue of the valves 23 which it comprises, in order to be cleared, as well as the porous body 1 which it contains, gases, products of combustion and residues resulting from gasification and the combustion of particles trapped in the porous body. Means 15, as described above, are provided on each of the enclosures 10 to monitor the pressure drop due to the porous body 1 and are arranged to control the valves 23 of the enclosures 10 to isolate the latter alternately and to put under on and off the porous body 1 of the insulated enclosure 10 and to control the valves 21 ′, 22 ′ of the pipes 21, 22 of the insulated enclosure to allow the circulation of the purging gas, the valves 23 on the other enclosure being kept open to allow the passage of the gas to be treated while the valves 21 ′ and 22 ′ of the pipes 21 and 22 associated with the latter enclosure are kept closed.

Il doit être entendu que l'invention n'est nullement limitée aux formes de réalisation décrites et que bien des modifications peuvent être apportées à ces dernières sans sortir du cadre du présent brevet.It should be understood that the invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described and that many modifications can be made to these without departing from the scope of this patent.

C'est ainsi que l'on pourrait notamment prévoir un dispositif analogue à celui qui est illustré aux figures 6 et 7 et qui comprendrait, pour traiter du gaz en continu, plus de deux enceintes 10, pourvues chacune d'au moins un corps poreux 1 et un circuit 21,22 pour le gaz de balayage, qui sont intercalées dans le conduit 9 de manière à pouvoir fonctionner soit séparément les unes des autres, soit simultanément.Thus, one could in particular provide a device similar to that which is illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7 and which would include, for continuously treating gas, more than two chambers 10, each provided with at least one porous body. 1 and a circuit 21, 22 for the purging gas, which are inserted in the duct 9 so as to be able to operate either separately from each other, or simultaneously.

Claims (17)

1)Procédé de traitement d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz chargé de particules gazéifiables ou combustibles, par séparation et transformation de ces particules, ledit procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à faire passer l'entièreté du gaz ou mélange de gaz à traiter, à température ambiante ainsi qu'à vitesse et pression déterminées sensiblement constantes, à travers un corps poreux (1) conducteur de l'électricité et dont la porosité est telle qu'il retient les particules précitées, à suivre la perte de charge provoquée par le corps poreux et de préférence en permanence, à interrompre automatiquement, lorsqu'une perte de charge déterminée est atteinte au travers du corps poreux, l'amenée de gaz, à mettre automatiquement sous tension, pendant un temps déterminé, ledit corps poreux pour le porter à une température déterminée, comprise entre 100 et 1000°C, capable d'assurer la gazéification ou la combustion des particules qui y sont retenues, à débarrasser le corps poreux des résidus desdites particules par un courant gazeux et à rétablir le passage du gaz à traiter à travers le corps poreux pour le diriger vers son endroit d'utilisation ou de stockage.1) Process for treating a gas or a mixture of gases charged with gasifiable or combustible particles, by separation and transformation of these particles, said process being characterized in that it consists in passing all of the gas through or mixture of gases to be treated, at room temperature and at a substantially constant speed and pressure determined, through a porous body (1) electrically conductive and whose porosity is such that it retains the aforementioned particles, to follow the pressure drop caused by the porous body and preferably permanently, to be interrupted automatically, when a determined pressure drop is reached through the porous body, the supply of gas, to be automatically switched on, for a determined time, said porous body to bring it to a determined temperature, between 100 and 1000 ° C, capable of ensuring the gasification or combustion of the particles retained therein es, to rid the porous body of the residues of said particles by a gas stream and to restore the passage of the gas to be treated through the porous body to direct it to its place of use or storage. 2)Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque la présence des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus résultant de la gazéification ou de la combustion des particules est admise dans le gaz ou le mélange de gaz traité, on débarrasse le corps poreux desdits résidus à l'aide du gaz à traiter lorsque le passage de ce dernier est rétabli à travers le corps poreux pour être dirigé vers son endroit d'utilisation ou de stockage.2) Process according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the presence of the gases, combustion products and residues resulting from the gasification or from the combustion of the particles is admitted into the gas or the mixture of gases treated, the body is freed porous of said residues using the gas to be treated when the passage of the latter is restored through the porous body to be directed to its place of use or storage. 3)Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque les gaz, produits de combustion et résidus résultant de la gazéification ou de la combustion des particules sont à éliminer du gaz ou du mélange de gaz traité, on débarrasse le corps poreux desdits gaz, produits de combustion et résidus à l'aide du gaz à traiter lorsque le passage de ce dernier est rétabli à travers le corps poreux, on dérive, en aval du corps poreux et pendant un temps déterminé, le gaz traité chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus susdits pour son évacuation et on rétablit ensuite, après évacuation des résidus, le circuit de gaz traité vers son endroit d'utilisation ou de stockage.3) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the gases, combustion products and residues resulting from the gasification or from the combustion of the particles are to be removed from the gas or from the treated gas mixture, the porous body is freed from said gases, combustion products and residues using the gas to be treated when the passage of the latter is re-established through the porous body, the treated gas laden with gases is derived downstream of the porous body, combustion products and the aforementioned residues for its evacuation and then, after evacuation of the residues, the treated gas circuit is restored to its place of use or storage. 4)Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque les gaz, produits de combustion et résidus résultant de la gazéification ou de la combustion des particules sont à éliminer du gaz ou du mélange de gaz traité, on débarrasse le corps poreux des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus susdits à l'aide d'un gaz, distinct du gaz ou mélange du gaz à traiter, que l'on fait circuler, pendant un temps déterminé, à travers le corps poreux et que l'on évacue ce gaz chargé pendant l'interruption de passage du gaz à traiter à travers ledit corps poreux.4) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the gases, combustion products and residues resulting from the gasification or from the combustion of the particles are to be removed from the gas or from the treated gas mixture, the porous body is freed of gases, combustion products and residues mentioned above using a gas, distinct from the gas or mixture of the gas to be treated, which is circulated, for a determined time, through the porous body and which is evacuated this gas charged during the interruption of passage of the gas to be treated through said porous body. 5)Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait circuler le gaz distinct du gaz ou mélange de gaz à traiter à contre-courant dudit gaz ou mélange de gaz à traiter.5) Method according to claim 4, characterized in that circulates the gas separate from the gas or mixture of gases to be treated against the flow of said gas or mixture of gases to be treated. 6)Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, pour traiter le gaz ou le mélange de gaz en continu, on prévoit, lorsque l'amenée de gaz à travers le corps poreux (1) précité est interrompue automatiquement suite à la perte de charge déterminée susdite, de dériver le gaz à traiter vers un second corps poreux (1′) analogue au corps poreux (1) précité, pourvu du même équipement que ce dernier, les deux corps poreux étant destinés à fonctionner de la même manière et en alternance.6) Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, for treating the gas or the gas mixture continuously, provision is made, when the supply of gas through the aforementioned porous body (1) is automatically interrupted following the aforementioned determined pressure drop, to divert the gas to be treated to a second porous body (1 ′) similar to the aforementioned porous body (1), provided with the same equipment as the latter, the two porous bodies being intended to operate in the same way and alternately. 7)Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on admet dans l'enceinte, pendant l'interruption de passage du gaz à traiter à travers le corps poreux et pendant que ce dernier est sous tension, un gaz comburant de manière à ce qu'il puisse passer à travers ledit corps poreux, en quantité telle qu'il permet la combustion des particules retenues dans celui-ci.7) Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one admits in the enclosure, during the interruption of passage of the gas to be treated through the porous body and while the latter is under tension, an oxidizing gas so that it can pass through said porous body, in an amount such that it allows the combustion of the particles retained therein. 8)Procédé suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise, comme gaz comburant, soit du gaz à traiter ou soit du gaz de balayage ou encore un gaz distinct de ces deux gaz.8) Method according to claim 7, characterized in that one uses, as oxidizing gas, either gas to be treated or either sweeping gas or a gas separate from these two gases. 9)Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise, comme corps poreux, un matériau céramique électroconducteur.9) Process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an electrically conductive ceramic material is used as the porous body. 10)Procédé suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un corps poreux dont le degré de porosité est compris entre 50 à 90 %, dont la surface de contact externe (8) par laquelle le gaz à traiter pénètre dans le corps poreux est comprise entre 0,05 et 1,5m², pour une épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 25mm, dont la densité moyenne est comprise entre 0,2 et 1gr/cm³, dont la résistance mécanique au cisaillement est comprise entre 0,5 et 5kg/mm² et dont la résistivité électrique, est comprise entre 0,5 et 2,5 ohm cm à une température comprise entre 20°C et 50°C, ledit matériau céramique permettant le passage de l'air à une vitesse comprise entre 0,3 et 7 m/sec. et à une pression comprise entre 9 et 20 mbar.10) Method according to claim 9, characterized in that a porous body is used whose degree of porosity is between 50 to 90%, the external contact surface (8) by which the gas to be treated enters the body porous is understood between 0.05 and 1.5m², for a thickness between 1 and 25mm, whose average density is between 0.2 and 1gr / cm³, whose mechanical shear strength is between 0.5 and 5kg / mm² and whose electrical resistivity is between 0.5 and 2.5 ohm cm at a temperature between 20 ° C and 50 ° C, said ceramic material allowing the passage of air at a speed between 0.3 and 7 m / sec. and at a pressure between 9 and 20 mbar. 11)Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (9) pour canaliser le gaz ou le mélange de gaz à traiter à travers au moins une enceinte (10) dans laquelle est agencée au moins un corps poreux (1) conducteur de l'électricité à travers duquel passe la totalité du gaz à traiter, des moyens (15) pour suivre, dans l'enceinte (10) susdite, la perte de charge provoquée par le corps poreux (1), des moyens (12), disposés en amont de l'enceinte (10) précitée, agencés pour interrompre l'admission du gaz à traiter dans l'enceinte et pour être commandés automatiquement par les moyens (15) susdits lorsqu'une perte de charge déterminée est atteinte, des moyens (17) pour mettre le corps poreux (1) sous tension pendant un temps déterminé et agencés pour être commandés automatiquement par les moyens (15) suivant la perte de charge lorsque celle-ci atteinte une valeur déterminée et lorsque l'admission de gaz à traiter dans l'enceinte (10) est interrompue et des moyens pour débarrasser l'élément poreux et l'enceinte (10) dans laquelle il est disposé des résidus résultant de la gazéification et de la combustion des particules dont est chargé le gaz à traiter et qui ont été retenues dans ledit élément poreux.11) Device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises means (9) for channeling the gas or the gas mixture to be treated through at least one enclosure (10) in which is arranged at least one porous body (1) electrically conductive through which all the gas to be treated passes, means (15) for monitoring, in the enclosure (10) above, the loss load caused by the porous body (1), means (12), arranged upstream of the aforementioned enclosure (10), arranged to interrupt the admission of the gas to be treated into the enclosure and to be controlled automatically by the aforementioned means (15) when a determined pressure drop is reached, means (17) for energizing the porous body (1) for a determined time and arranged to be controlled automatically by the means (15) according to the loss of charge when it reaches a determined value and when the admission of gas to be treated into the enclosure (10) is interrupted and means for ridding the porous element and the enclosure (10) in which it is disposed of the residues resulting from gasification and combustion of the particles which are responsible for the gas to be treated and which have been retained in said porous element. 12)Dispositif suivant la revendication 11,caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, pour une vitesse de gaz à traiter inférieure ou égale à 1m/sec, un conduit (9) pour le gaz à traiter, une enceinte (10) interposée dans ce conduit (9) coaxialement à ce dernier et complètement obturée par au moins un corps poreux conducteur de l'électricité en forme de plaque s'étendant transversalement à l'axe (11) de l'enceinte, une vanne (12) agencée sur le conduit, en amont du corps poreux en considérant le sens d'écoulement du gaz à traiter, pour permettre d'interrompre l'admission de gaz dans l'enceinte, un clapet (13) disposé dans le conduit en aval de l'enceinte (10) et agencé pour dévier temporairement le courant gazeux vers une canalisation d'évacuation (5) raccordée au conduit (9) précité, les moyens (15) susdits pour suivre la perte de charge dans l'enceinte étant constitués par un manomètre différentiel à contact (16) agencé pour commander automatiquement et dans l'ordre et pendant un temps déterminé réglable, lorsqu'une perte de charge déterminée est atteinte, la vanne (12) précitée pour l'amener en position d'interruption de l'admission de gaz à traiter dans l'enceinte, le clapet (13) précité pour l'amener dans sa position où il dévie le courant gazeux vers la canalisation d'évacuation (5) susdite et la mise sous tension du corps poreux (1), ledit manomètre différentiel à contact (16) étant en outre agencé pour, à l'expiration du temps déterminé susdit, commander automatiquement et dans l'ordre, la mise hors tension du corps poreux (1), la vanne (12) précitée pour autoriser l'admission du gaz à traiter dans l'enceinte (10) et le clapet (13) précité pour l'amener dans sa position où il obture la canalisation d'évacuation (5) susdite.12) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises, for a speed of gas to be treated less than or equal to 1m / sec, a conduit (9) for the gas to be treated, an enclosure (10) interposed in this conduit (9) coaxially with the latter and completely closed by at least one porous electrically conductive body in the form of a plate extending transversely to the axis (11) of the enclosure, a valve (12) arranged on the conduit, upstream of the porous body considering the direction of flow of the gas to be treated, to allow the admission of gas to be interrupted in the enclosure, a valve (13) disposed in the conduit downstream of the enclosure ( 10) and arranged to temporarily divert the gas stream to an evacuation pipe (5) connected to the above-mentioned conduit (9), the above-mentioned means (15) for monitoring the pressure drop in the enclosure being constituted by a differential pressure gauge with contact (16) arranged to control automatically and in the o rdre and for a determined adjustable time, when a determined pressure drop is reached, the aforementioned valve (12) to bring it into the position for interrupting the admission of gas to be treated into the enclosure, the valve (13 ) above to bring it into its position where it deflects the gas stream towards the above-mentioned evacuation pipe (5) and the energizing of the porous body (1), said differential contact pressure gauge (16) being further arranged for , at the expiration of the aforementioned determined time, automatically controlling, in sequence, turning off the porous body (1), the aforementioned valve (12) to authorize the admission of the gas to be treated into the enclosure (10) and the aforementioned valve (13) for the 'Bring to its position where it closes the above-mentioned evacuation pipe (5). 13)Dispositif suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que , dans le cas où les gaz, produits de combustion et les résidus provenant de la gazéification et de la combustion des particules présentes dans l'enceinte (10) et dans le corps poreux (1) après sa mise hors tension peuvent subsister dans le gaz ou le mélange de gaz traité, le manomètre différentiel (16) précité est agencé pour maintenir constamment le clapet (13) précité dans sa position où il obture la canalisation d'évacuation (5) précitée.13) Device according to claim 12, characterized in that, in the case where the gases, combustion products and residues from the gasification and the combustion of the particles present in the enclosure (10) and in the porous body ( 1) after it has been switched off, there may remain in the gas or the mixture of treated gases, the aforementioned differential pressure gauge (16) is arranged to constantly maintain the aforementioned valve (13) in its position where it closes the discharge pipe (5 ) above. 14)Dispositif suivant la revendication 11,caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, pour une vitesse de gaz à traiter comprise entre 1 et au moins 7m/sec, un conduit (9) pour le gaz à traiter, une enceinte (10) interposée dans ledit conduit coaxialement à ce dernier, au moins un corps poreux (1) conducteur de l'électricité qui est tubulaire et borgne, d'axe parallèle à l'axe (11) de l'enceinte, monté dans cette dernière pour que la totalité du gaz à traiter pénètre à l'intérieur du corps poreux tubulaire (1) pour se répartir dans ladite enceinte en passant à travers celui-ci, deux vannes (12) agencées sur le conduit (9) de part et d'autre de l'enceinte, une canalisation d'amenée (21) d'un gaz de balayage, différent du gaz à traiter, raccordée à l'enceinte (10) pour que le gaz qu'elle débite puisse pénétrer à l'intérieur du corps poreux (1) tubulaire et munie d'une vanne (21′), une canalisation d'évacuation (22) dudit gaz de balayage raccordée à l'enceinte pour recueillir ce gaz introduit dans cette dernière et chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus précités après son passage au travers du corps poreux et munie d'une vanne (22′), les moyens (15) susdits pour suivre la perte de charge dans l'enceinte étant constitués par un manomètre différentiel à contact (16) agencé pour commander automatiquement, dans l'ordre et pendant un temps déterminé réglable, lorsqu'une perte de charge déterminée est atteinte, les deux vannes (12) ménagées dans le conduit (9) de part et d'autre de l'enceinte (10) afin d'isoler cette dernière, la mise sous tension du corps poreux (1), la mise hors tension de celui-ci, et les vannes (21′,22′) ménagées dans les canalisations (21,22) précitées pour admettre dans l'enceinte (10) le gaz de balayage et permettre son échappement, lorsqu'il a traversé le corps poreux (1) et qu'il est chargé des gaz, produits de combustion et résidus précités, le manomètre différentiel à contact (16) étant en outre agencé pour commander automatiquement, dans l'ordre et après un temps de balayage déterminé réglable du corps poreux (1) et de l'enceinte (10) par le gaz de balayage, la fermeture des vannes (21′ et 22′) prévues dans les canalisations (21,22) de ce dernier gaz et l'ouverture des vannes (12) prévues dans le conduit (9) du gaz à traiter.14) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises, for a speed of gas to be treated between 1 and at least 7m / sec, a conduit (9) for the gas to be treated, an enclosure (10) interposed in said conduit coaxial with the latter, at least one porous body (1) conductive of electricity which is tubular and blind, of axis parallel to the axis (11) of the enclosure, mounted in the latter so that the all of the gas to be treated penetrates inside the porous tubular body (1) to distribute in said enclosure by passing through it, two valves (12) arranged on the conduit (9) on either side of the enclosure, a supply pipe (21) of a sweeping gas, different from the gas to be treated, connected to the enclosure (10) so that the gas which it delivers can penetrate inside the body porous (1) tubular and provided with a valve (21 ′), an evacuation pipe (22) of said sweep gas connected to the enclosure to collect this gas introduced into the latter and charged with gases, combustion products and aforementioned residues after passing through the porous body and provided with a valve (22 ′), the above-mentioned means (15) for monitoring the pressure drop in the enclosure being constituted by a differential contact pressure gauge (16) arranged to automatically control, in the order and for a determined adjustable time, when a determined pressure drop is reached, the two valves (12) formed in the conduit (9) on either side of the enclosure (10) in order to isolate the latter, the energization of the porous body (1), the energization of the latter, and the valves (21 ′, 22 ′) formed in the aforementioned pipes (21,22) to admit into the enclosure (10) the purging gas and allow its escape, when it has crossed the porous body (1) and that it is charged with the aforementioned gases, combustion products and residues, the differential contact pressure gauge (16) being further arranged to control automatically, in order and after a determined scanning time adjustable from the porous body (1) and the enclosure (10) by the purging gas, the closing of the valves (21 ′ and 22 ′) provided in the pipes (21,22) of this latter gas and the opening of the valves (12) provided in the pipe (9) of the gas to be treated. 15)Dispositif suivant la revendication 11,caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux enceintes (10) intercalées dans le conduit (9) d'alimentation de gaz à traiter, chacune de ces enceintes (10) comportant au moins un corps poreux (1), agencé pour que l'entièreté du gaz circulant dans l'enceinte traverse ce corps poreux, et deux vannes (23) disposées de part et d'autre du corps poreux (1) et agencées pour permettre l'isolation de l'enceinte du conduit (9) précité, chacune desdites enceintes étant en outre pourvue de deux canalisations (21,22) pour du gaz de balayage distinct du gaz à traiter, qui sont agencées pour que ce gaz de balayage puisse s'écouler dans l'enceinte à travers le corps poreux (1) et qui comportent chacune une vanne (21′,22′), les moyens (15) susdits étant prévus sur chacune des enceintes (10) pour suivre la perte de charge provoquée par le corps poreux et étant agencés pour commander les vannes (23) des enceintes (10) pour isoler ces dernières en alternance et pour mettre sous tension et hors tension le corps poreux (1) de l'enceinte (10) isolée et d'agir sur les vannes (21′,22′) des canalisations (21,22) de l'enceinte isolée par autoriser la circulation du gaz de balayage.15) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises at least two enclosures (10) interposed in the conduit (9) supply of gas to be treated, each of these enclosures (10) comprising at least one porous body (1), arranged so that all of the gas circulating in the enclosure passes through this porous body, and two valves (23) arranged on either side of the porous body (1) and arranged to allow the isolation of the enclosure of the aforementioned conduit (9), each of said enclosures further being provided with two pipes (21,22) for sweeping gas separate from the gas to be treated, which are arranged so that this sweeping gas can flow into the enclosure through the porous body (1) and which each comprise a valve (21 ′, 22 ′), the means (15) aforementioned being provided on each of the enclosures (10) to follow the pressure drop caused by the porous body and being arranged to control the valves (23) of the enclosures (10) to isolate the latter alternately and to turn on and off the porous body (1) of the isolated enclosure (10) and acting on the valves ( 21 ′, 22 ′) of the pipes (21,22) of the isolated enclosure by authorizing the circulation of the sweeping gas. 16)Dispositif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 15 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (24) agencés pour introduire dans la ou les enceintes (10) un gaz comburant et une commande desdits moyens (24) agencée pour qu'ils débitent le gaz comburant pendant que le ou les corps poreux (1) logés dans la ou lesdites enceintes est mis sous tension.16) Device according to any one of claims 11 to 15 characterized in that it comprises means (24) arranged to introduce into the enclosure (s) (10) an oxidizing gas and a control of said means (24) arranged so that 'They deliver the oxidizing gas while the porous body (s) (1) housed in the said enclosure (s) is energized. 17)Dispositif suivant la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (24) sont raccordés, pour leur alimentation, soit au circuit (9) de gaz à traiter, soit au circuit (21,22) de gaz de balayage ou encore à un circuit de gaz distinct des circuits de gaz à traiter et de gaz de balayage.17) Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the means (24) are connected, for their supply, either to the circuit (9) of gas to be treated, or to the circuit (21,22) of purging gas or even to a gas circuit separate from the circuits of gas to be treated and purging gas.
EP90870021A 1989-02-07 1990-02-06 Method of treating a gas containing particles, and apparatus for carrying out this method Withdrawn EP0382704A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE8900126 1989-02-07
BE8900126A BE1002810A6 (en) 1989-02-07 1989-02-07 PROCESS FOR TREATING PARTICLE-LOADED GAS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD.

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EP0382704A1 true EP0382704A1 (en) 1990-08-16

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FR2667798A1 (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-04-17 Aerospatiale SELF-HEATING AEROSOL COLLECTOR FILTER FOR PYROLYSIS.
EP0511583A2 (en) * 1991-04-30 1992-11-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for the preparation of exhaust gases comprising soot particles for the analysis
DE4229954A1 (en) * 1992-09-08 1994-03-10 Klaus Heil Exhaust gas soot filter assembly with connectors for external electrical power supply and filter insert of sintered metal fleece - facilitating heat treatment of particles in absence of other heat treatment of gases
EP0599323A1 (en) * 1992-11-26 1994-06-01 IVECO FIAT S.p.A. A regenerable filter for the exhaust gas of an internal-combustion engine
WO1994020736A1 (en) * 1993-03-12 1994-09-15 Caterpillar Inc. Apparatus and method for removing particulate from an exhaust gas filter
EP0674098A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-27 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Method and apparatus for processing exhaust gas

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WO1985002883A1 (en) * 1983-12-27 1985-07-04 Ford Motor Company Automatic initiation system for regenerating a particulate filter trap
EP0244061A1 (en) * 1986-02-28 1987-11-04 Porous Element Technology Limited Apparatus for the removal of particulate material from a gas

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2667798A1 (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-04-17 Aerospatiale SELF-HEATING AEROSOL COLLECTOR FILTER FOR PYROLYSIS.
EP0481858A1 (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-04-22 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle Self-heating collecting aerosol filter for pyrolysis
EP0511583A2 (en) * 1991-04-30 1992-11-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for the preparation of exhaust gases comprising soot particles for the analysis
EP0511583A3 (en) * 1991-04-30 1994-02-09 Siemens Ag
DE4229954A1 (en) * 1992-09-08 1994-03-10 Klaus Heil Exhaust gas soot filter assembly with connectors for external electrical power supply and filter insert of sintered metal fleece - facilitating heat treatment of particles in absence of other heat treatment of gases
EP0599323A1 (en) * 1992-11-26 1994-06-01 IVECO FIAT S.p.A. A regenerable filter for the exhaust gas of an internal-combustion engine
WO1994020736A1 (en) * 1993-03-12 1994-09-15 Caterpillar Inc. Apparatus and method for removing particulate from an exhaust gas filter
EP0674098A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-27 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Method and apparatus for processing exhaust gas
US6375695B2 (en) 1994-03-23 2002-04-23 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Method and apparatus for processing exhaust gas

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