EP0377153A2 - Boring ram - Google Patents

Boring ram Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0377153A2
EP0377153A2 EP89123180A EP89123180A EP0377153A2 EP 0377153 A2 EP0377153 A2 EP 0377153A2 EP 89123180 A EP89123180 A EP 89123180A EP 89123180 A EP89123180 A EP 89123180A EP 0377153 A2 EP0377153 A2 EP 0377153A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
boring machine
ram boring
machine according
end bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89123180A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0377153A3 (en
EP0377153B1 (en
Inventor
Robert Dipl.-Ing. Schmelzer
Original Assignee
Schmidt Paul Dipl-Ing
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Publication of EP0377153A2 publication Critical patent/EP0377153A2/en
Publication of EP0377153A3 publication Critical patent/EP0377153A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/26—Drilling without earth removal, e.g. with self-propelled burrowing devices
    • E21B7/267—Drilling devices with senders, e.g. radio-transmitters for position of drilling tool
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/068—Deflecting the direction of boreholes drilled by a down-hole drilling motor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
    • E21B4/145—Fluid operated hammers of the self propelled-type, e.g. with a reverse mode to retract the device from the hole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
    • E21B47/0228—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism using electromagnetic energy or detectors therefor
    • E21B47/0232—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism using electromagnetic energy or detectors therefor at least one of the energy sources or one of the detectors being located on or above the ground surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ram boring machine with a tubular housing, a striking tip and a transmitter for checking the direction of travel.
  • Self-propelled ram boring machines serve primarily to lay supply lines, such as water pipes or cables under roads, dams or buildings and obstacles, without tearing up the road surface or the earth's surface at the same time must become. This is done in such a way that the ram boring machine moving forward in the soil displaces the soil to the side and leaves a channel into which the supply line is drawn in simultaneously or later.
  • the possibly movable striking tip or a chisel arranged on the device tip serves to shatter stones or other obstacles during the forward movement of the ram boring machine and to push them aside together with the soil, ie to clear the way for the advancing housing.
  • a ram boring machine with a targeted running direction is known from German Offenlegungsschrift 2 242 605 and has at its rear end a tubular curved extension which is provided with curved guide surfaces in order in this way to achieve a curvature of the path and an arcuate course of the earth drilling.
  • Making such curved earth bores is necessary, for example, when there is no way to dig start and target pits in narrow streets with narrow sidewalks, which must be at least so deep that the ram boring machine can be placed horizontally in the starting pit and all cables underneath the road surface.
  • the rigid baffles therefore serve to enable an arcuate course of the earth drilling that is intended before the device is attached; the direction cannot be influenced during operation and, in particular, changes in direction cannot be determined.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a ram boring machine with which the abovementioned disadvantages can be avoided and the directional stability can be improved in a simple manner.
  • the device is provided with a transmitter arranged as far forward as possible in the direction of advance.
  • a transmitter which is advantageously arranged in the striking tip or preferably in the chisel in the case of a striking tip designed as an axially movable chisel
  • changes in direction of travel can be determined directly at the location of the action, namely at the tip or the chisel, i.e. immediately where the deflection of the device from its desired direction of travel occurs first.
  • This makes it possible to influence the change in direction of travel detected outside of the ground by means of a receiver correspondingly quickly, for example by means of control measures, so that the direction of advance can be set again before a major deviation occurs at all.
  • transmitters arranged in the device housing in particular at the tail end, permit a subsequent correction of the running direction if there have already been considerable directional deviations which are greater the closer the transmitter is to the rear end of the housing.
  • both depth and side location are possible; in addition, the inclination of the device and - in particular in the case of devices with a rotatable striking tip - the rotational or angular position of the striking tip, possibly also a part of the striking tip, can be determined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the device housing.
  • the arrangement of the transmitter as far as possible in the front advantageously makes it possible to provide the striking tip or a chisel with an axial end bore into which the transmitter and possibly a voltage source can be arranged, a cover being able to close the end bore.
  • a transmitter and the batteries required to supply it can thus be accommodated in a chamber which can be produced by simply boring.
  • the cover In order to make the chamber accessible, for example to replace the batteries or to replace the transmitter, only the cover needs to be removed; because of the higher wear resistance, it should consist of hardened material just like the chisel or the impact tip.
  • the batteries can be accommodated gently in a battery housing that can be inserted into the front hole. It is recommended that the transmitter engages with a pin in the battery housing, and preferably the battery housing and the transmitter between a spring supported on the blind end of the front hole and a spring supported on the cover are clamped.
  • the springs on the one hand also provide sufficient electrical contact between the batteries and the transmitter and, on the other hand, a resilient, vibration-absorbing and compensating mounting of the transmitter unit in the end bore.
  • the wall of the end bore is provided with slots that are open to the outside, the exit of the waves emitted by the transmitter and thus the reception of these waves above the ground is favored. Since the transmitter is arranged in the projecting tip or the projecting chisel end, the waves can consequently be immediate enter the earth outside, ie they do not have to penetrate a possibly large part of the housing cross-section.
  • the cover can engage with a shaft journal in the end bore and be secured by means of dowel pins which are inserted through radial bores in the chisel wall and the shaft journal. For assembly, all that is required is to pull the dowel pins out of the holes, then the front hole is exposed and the transmitter and battery housing or batteries are thus freely accessible to an operator.
  • the impact tip can have slots which are preferably closed with an abrasion-resistant mass which is permeable to electromagnetic waves, for example a preferably cold-curing plastic / metal or ceramic powder mixture.
  • the impact tip can also consist at least partially of a magnetic steel and then optionally have a sufficiently wear-resistant armor, for example an outer layer of wear-resistant material, which does not or only slightly impairs the passage of the shaft.
  • the ram boring machine 1 has an overall tubular housing 2 and is connected to a pressure medium hose 3 connected at the rear end to a pressure medium source, not shown, such as in particular a compressor.
  • a pressure medium source such as in particular a compressor.
  • At the front in the housing 2 is formed with its protruding part from the housing 2 as a stepped head, equipped with a chisel 4 striking tip 5 axially displaceable.
  • the percussion tip 5 is pushed forward with the chisel 4 under the action of a percussion piston, not shown, which is guided axially in the housing 2 and works its way forward in the soil 6.
  • the chisel 4 smashes stones or other obstacles and displaces the soil 6; Only then is the housing 2 drawn in the direction of advance 7 and in this way an earth hole 8 is made in the soil 6.
  • a transmitter unit 9 is arranged which cooperates with a receiver 10 above the ground 6.
  • the transmitter unit 9 consists of a transmitter 11 and two batteries 12, which are arranged in a battery housing 14 with the interposition of a truncated cone spring 13 which contacts the positive pole of a battery 12, the transmitter 11 engaging in the battery housing 14 with a pin 15.
  • the chisel 4 is provided with an end bore 16 and accommodates the transmitter unit 9, ie the battery housing 14 and the transmitter 11 locked therein; the battery housing 14 and the transmitter 11 are between a first compression spring 18 which is supported on the blind end 17 of the end bore 16 and a second compression spring 20 which is supported on a cover 19 which closes the end bore 16 after the transmitter unit 9 has been installed.
  • the secure installation position of the transmitter unit 9 in the end bore 16 of the chisel 4 is achieved by spring pins 21 which are inserted through radial bores 22 of the chisel wall 23 and radial bores 24 of a shaft journal 25 of the cover 19 which are flush therewith after the cover 19 has been put on.
  • the ram boring machine 1 Due to the fact that the ram boring machine 1 has the transmitter 11 at its foremost end in the direction of advance 7, namely the chisel 4 protruding from the striking tip 5, directional deviations of the ram boring machine 1 are determined locally at an early stage, namely on the chisel 4, so that corrective or take measures to stabilize the direction as soon as a distraction occurs. So that the shafts 26 of the transmitter unit 9 can penetrate as freely as possible into the soil 6 and then to the surface (see FIG. 1), the wall 23 of the chisel has axial slots 27 in its wall position adjacent to the transmitter 11, through which the waves pass 26 step through unhindered.

Abstract

In a self-driven boring ram (1) with a tubular housing (2), a percussion tip (5) and a transmitter (9; 11) for monitoring the running direction, the directional stability can be improved in a simple manner by the boring ram being provided with a transmitter (9; 11) arranged at the front as far as possible in the driving direction (7). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rammbohrgerät mit einem rohrför­migen Gehäuse, einer Schlagspitze und einem Sender zur Laufrichtungskontrolle.The invention relates to a ram boring machine with a tubular housing, a striking tip and a transmitter for checking the direction of travel.

Selbstgetriebene Rammbohrgeräte, wie sie beispielsweise aus der deutschen Patentschrift 21 57 295 bekannt sind, dienen in erster Linie dazu, Versorgungsleitungen, wie beispiels­weise Wasserleitungen oder Kabel unter Straßen, Dämmen oder Gebäuden und Hindernissen zu verlegen, ohne daß gleichzei­tig die Straßendecke bzw. die Erdoberfläche aufgerissen werden muß. Dies geschieht in der Weise, daß das sich im Erdreich vorwärtsbewegende Rammbohrgerät das Erdreich nach der Seite verdrängt und einen Kanal hinterläßt, in das gleichzeitig oder später die Versorgungsleitung eingezogen wird. Die gegebenenfalls bewegliche Schlagspitze oder ein an der Gerätespitze angeordneter Meißel dient dazu, während der Vorwärtsbewegung des Rammbohrgerätes Steine oder andere Hindernisse zu zertrümmern und zusammen mit dem Erdreich zur Seite zu drücken, d.h. den Weg für das nachrückende Gehäuse freizuschlagen. Jedoch besteht die Gefahr, daß das Rammbohrgerät auf ein Hindernis trifft und aus der gewoll­ten Richtung läuft.Self-propelled ram boring machines, as are known for example from German Patent 21 57 295, serve primarily to lay supply lines, such as water pipes or cables under roads, dams or buildings and obstacles, without tearing up the road surface or the earth's surface at the same time must become. This is done in such a way that the ram boring machine moving forward in the soil displaces the soil to the side and leaves a channel into which the supply line is drawn in simultaneously or later. The possibly movable striking tip or a chisel arranged on the device tip serves to shatter stones or other obstacles during the forward movement of the ram boring machine and to push them aside together with the soil, ie to clear the way for the advancing housing. However, there is a risk that the ram boring machine will encounter an obstacle and run from the desired direction.

Ein Rammbohrgerät mit gezielter Laufrichtung ist aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 2 242 605 bekannt und weist an seinem rückwärtigen Ende eine rohrförmig gebogene Ver­längerung auf, die mit gebogenen Leitflächen versehen ist, um auf diese Weise eine Bahnkrümmung und einen bogenförmi­gen Verlauf der Erdbohrung zu erreichen. Derartige bogenför­mig verlaufende Erdbohrungen herzustellen, ist beispielswei­se dann erforderlich, wenn in engen Straßen mit schmalen Bürgersteigen keine Möglichkeit besteht, Start- und Ziel­gruben auszuheben, die wenigstens so tief sein müssen, daß das Rammbohrgerät in der Startgrube waagerecht angesetzt werden kann und dabei noch sämtliche, unterhalb der Straßen­decke liegende Leitungen unterfährt. Die starren Leitflä­chen dienen folglich dazu, einen bereits vor dem Ansetzen des Gerätes beabsichtigten bogenförmigen Verlauf der Erdboh­rung zu ermöglichen; während des Betriebes läßt sich die Richtung nicht beeinflussen und lassen sich insbesondere Richtungsänderungen nicht feststellen.A ram boring machine with a targeted running direction is known from German Offenlegungsschrift 2 242 605 and has at its rear end a tubular curved extension which is provided with curved guide surfaces in order in this way to achieve a curvature of the path and an arcuate course of the earth drilling. Making such curved earth bores is necessary, for example, when there is no way to dig start and target pits in narrow streets with narrow sidewalks, which must be at least so deep that the ram boring machine can be placed horizontally in the starting pit and all cables underneath the road surface. The rigid baffles therefore serve to enable an arcuate course of the earth drilling that is intended before the device is attached; the direction cannot be influenced during operation and, in particular, changes in direction cannot be determined.

Zur Laufrichtungskontrolle und damit zur Erhöhung der Rich­tungsstabilität wurden bereits Versuche mit einem Ortungsge­rät durchgeführt, wie in der Firmenzeitschrift "Tractuell" der Firma Tracto-Technik GmbH, Ausgabe Nr. 1, Juli 1988, beschrieben. Derartige Ortungsgeräte arbeiten nach dem Sen­der-Empfänger-Prinzip. Jedoch haben Versuche bestätigt, daß beispielsweise außerhalb des Gehäuses vor dem rückwärtigen Gehäuseende oder im Gerätegehäuse angeordnete Sender eine aufwendige Montage erfordern, und außerdem das Feststellen von Laufrichtungsänderungen noch verbesserungsbedürftig ist. Ein über die Maßen hoher Montage- und Herstellungsauf­wand ergibt sich insbesondere dann, wenn ein von einer Batterie gespeister Sender in einer Bettungsmasse aus einem elektrisch isolierenden, d.h. für elektromagnetische Wellen durchlässigen Werkstoff angeordnet ist.In order to control the running direction and thus to increase the directional stability, tests have already been carried out with a locating device, as described in the company magazine "Tractuell" by Tracto-Technik GmbH, edition No. 1, July 1988. Such locating devices work on the transmitter-receiver principle. However, tests have confirmed that, for example, outside the housing in front of the rear housing end or transmitters arranged in the device housing require complex assembly, and in addition the detection of changes in direction of movement still needs improvement. Excessively high assembly and production expenditure arises in particular when a transmitter powered by a battery is arranged in a bedding compound made of an electrically insulating material, ie a material which is permeable to electromagnetic waves.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Ramm­bohrgerät zu schaffen, mit dem sich die vorgenannten Nach­teile vermeiden lassen und die Richtungsstabilität auf ein­fache Weise verbessern läßt.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a ram boring machine with which the abovementioned disadvantages can be avoided and the directional stability can be improved in a simple manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Gerät mit einem in Vortriebsrichtung weitestmöglich vorne angeordneten Sender versehen ist. Bei einem Sender, der vorteilhaft in der Schlagspitze oder bei einer als axialbe­weglicher Meißel ausgebildeten Schlagspitze vorzugsweise im Meißel angeordnet ist, hat sich überraschend herausge­stellt, daß sich Laufrichtungsänderungen unmittelbar am Ort des Geschehens feststellen lassen, nämlich an der Spitze bzw. dem Meißel, d.h. unmittelbar dort, wo die Ablenkung des Gerätes aus seiner gewünschten Laufrichtung zuerst auf­tritt. Damit ist es möglich, die außerhalb des Erdreichs mittels eines Empfängers festgestellte Laufrichtungsände­rung entsprechend schnell zu beeinflussen, beispielsweise durch Steuerungsmaßnahmen, um damit die Vortriebsrichtung wieder einzustellen, bevor es überhaupt zu einer größeren Abweichung kommt. Demgegenüber gestatten im Gerätegehäuse, insbesondere am Schwanzende angeordnete Sender allenfalls ein nacheilendes Korrigieren der Laufrichtung, wenn es gege­benenfalls bereits zu erheblichen Richtungsabweichungen ge­kommen ist, die umso größer sind, je näher sich der Sender am rückwärtigen Gehäuseende befindet.This object is achieved in that the device is provided with a transmitter arranged as far forward as possible in the direction of advance. In the case of a transmitter which is advantageously arranged in the striking tip or preferably in the chisel in the case of a striking tip designed as an axially movable chisel, it has surprisingly been found that changes in direction of travel can be determined directly at the location of the action, namely at the tip or the chisel, i.e. immediately where the deflection of the device from its desired direction of travel occurs first. This makes it possible to influence the change in direction of travel detected outside of the ground by means of a receiver correspondingly quickly, for example by means of control measures, so that the direction of advance can be set again before a major deviation occurs at all. In contrast, transmitters arranged in the device housing, in particular at the tail end, permit a subsequent correction of the running direction if there have already been considerable directional deviations which are greater the closer the transmitter is to the rear end of the housing.

Mit Hilfe des Senders ist sowohl eine Tiefen- als auch eine Seitenortung möglich; außerdem läßt sich die Geräteneigung und - insbesondere bei Geräten mit drehbarer Schlagspitze - auch die Dreh- bzw. Winkellage der Schlagspitze, unter Umständen auch eines Teils der Schlagspitze, in bezug auf die Längsachse des Gerätegehäuses bestimmen.With the aid of the transmitter, both depth and side location are possible; in addition, the inclination of the device and - in particular in the case of devices with a rotatable striking tip - the rotational or angular position of the striking tip, possibly also a part of the striking tip, can be determined with respect to the longitudinal axis of the device housing.

Die Anordnung des Senders weitestmöglich vorne ermöglicht es vorteilhaft, die Schlagspitze oder einen Meißel mit einer axialen Stirnbohrung zu versehen, in die sich der Sender und gegebenenfalls eine Spannungsquelle anordnen las­sen, wobei ein Deckel die Stirnbohrung verschließen kann. Ein Sender und die zu dessen Stromversorgung erforderlichen Batterien lassen sich somit in einer durch einfaches Aufboh­ren herzustellenden Kammer unterbringen. Um die Kammer zu­gänglich zu machen, beispielsweise zum Erneuern der Batte­rien oder zum Austauschen des Senders, braucht lediglich der Deckel entfernt zu werden; er sollte wegen der höheren Verschleißfestigkeit ebenso wie der Meißel bzw. die Schlag­spitze aus gehärtetem Material bestehen.The arrangement of the transmitter as far as possible in the front advantageously makes it possible to provide the striking tip or a chisel with an axial end bore into which the transmitter and possibly a voltage source can be arranged, a cover being able to close the end bore. A transmitter and the batteries required to supply it can thus be accommodated in a chamber which can be produced by simply boring. In order to make the chamber accessible, for example to replace the batteries or to replace the transmitter, only the cover needs to be removed; because of the higher wear resistance, it should consist of hardened material just like the chisel or the impact tip.

In einem in die Stirnbohrung einsetzbaren Batteriegehäuse lassen sich die Batterien schonend unterbringen.Es em­pfiehlt sich, daß der Sender mit einem Zapfen in das Batteriegehäuse eingreift und vorzugsweise das Batterie­gehäuse und der Sender zwischen einer sich am blinden Ende der Stirnbohrung und einer sich am Deckel abstützenden Fe­der eingespannt sind. Damit ergibt sich neben einer Kompakt­bauweise der Sendereinheit einerseits durch die Federn auch ein ausreichender elektrischer Kontakt zwischen den Batte­rien und dem Sender und andererseits eine federnd nachgie­bige, Erschütterungen aufnehmende und ausgleichende Halte­rung der Sendereinheit in der Stirnbohrung.The batteries can be accommodated gently in a battery housing that can be inserted into the front hole. It is recommended that the transmitter engages with a pin in the battery housing, and preferably the battery housing and the transmitter between a spring supported on the blind end of the front hole and a spring supported on the cover are clamped. In addition to a compact design of the transmitter unit, the springs on the one hand also provide sufficient electrical contact between the batteries and the transmitter and, on the other hand, a resilient, vibration-absorbing and compensating mounting of the transmitter unit in the end bore.

Wenn die Wandung der Stirnbohrung mit nach außen offenen Schlitzen versehen ist, wird der Austritt der von dem Sender abgegebenen Wellen und damit der Empfang dieser Wel­len oberhalb des Erdreiches begünstigt. Da der Sender in der vorkragenden Schlagspitze bzw. dem vorkragenden Meißel­ende angeordnet ist, können die Wellen folglich unmittelbar nach außen in das Erdreich eintreten, d.h. sie müssen beispielsweise nicht erst auch noch einen möglicherweise großen Teil des Gehäusequerschnitts durchdringen.If the wall of the end bore is provided with slots that are open to the outside, the exit of the waves emitted by the transmitter and thus the reception of these waves above the ground is favored. Since the transmitter is arranged in the projecting tip or the projecting chisel end, the waves can consequently be immediate enter the earth outside, ie they do not have to penetrate a possibly large part of the housing cross-section.

Der Deckel kann mit einem Wellenzapfen in die Stirnbohrung eingreifen und mittels Spannstiften gesichert sein, die durch Radialbohrungen der Meißelwandung und des Wellen­zapfens gesteckt sind. Zur Montage brauchen somit lediglich die Spannstifte aus den Bohrungen herausgezogen zu werden, danach liegt die Stirnbohrung frei und Sender sowie Batte­riegehäuse bzw. Batterien sind für eine Bedienungsperson damit frei zugänglich.The cover can engage with a shaft journal in the end bore and be secured by means of dowel pins which are inserted through radial bores in the chisel wall and the shaft journal. For assembly, all that is required is to pull the dowel pins out of the holes, then the front hole is exposed and the transmitter and battery housing or batteries are thus freely accessible to an operator.

Die Schlagspitze kann Schlitze aufweisen, die vorzugsweise mit einer für elektromagnetische Wellen durchlässigen, ab­riebfesten Masse, beispielsweise einem vorzugsweise kaltaus­härtenden Kunststoff/Metall- oder Keramikpulver-Gemisch ver­schlossen sind. Die Schlagspitze kann auch zumindest teil­weise aus einem magnetischen Stahl bestehen und dann gegebe­nenfalls eine hinreichend verschleißfeste Panzerung, bei­spielsweise eine Außenschicht aus abbriebfestem Material besitzen, die den Wellendurchgang nicht oder nur wenig beeinträchtigt.The impact tip can have slots which are preferably closed with an abrasion-resistant mass which is permeable to electromagnetic waves, for example a preferably cold-curing plastic / metal or ceramic powder mixture. The impact tip can also consist at least partially of a magnetic steel and then optionally have a sufficiently wear-resistant armor, for example an outer layer of wear-resistant material, which does not or only slightly impairs the passage of the shaft.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeich­nung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels des näheren erläu­tert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in der Längsansicht ein im Erdreich ein Erdloch herstellendes, erfindungsgemäß an seinem in Vor­triebsrichtung vordersten Ende einen Sender auf­weisendes Rammbohrgerät; und
  • Fig.2 als Einzelheit das vordere Geräteende des Ramm­bohrgerätes gemäß Fig. 1 als Explosivdarstellung.
The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a longitudinal view of a ram boring machine which produces a hole in the ground and, according to the invention, has a transmitter at its forwardmost end in the direction of advance; and
  • 2 shows in detail the front end of the ram boring machine according to FIG. 1 as an exploded view.

Das Rammbohrgerät 1 besitzt ein insgesamt rohrförmiges Ge­häuse 2 und ist mit einem am rückwärtigen Ende angeschlos­senen Druckmittelschlauch 3 mit einer nicht dargestellten Druckmittelquelle wie insbesondere einem Kompressor verbun­den. Vorne ist im Gehäuse 2 eine mit ihrem aus dem Gehäuse 2 vorragenden Teil als Stufenkopf ausgebildete, mit einem Meißel 4 bestückte Schlagspitze 5 axial verschiebbar gela­gert. Die Schlagspitze 5 wird mit dem Meißel 4 unter der Wirkung eines nicht dargestellten, axial in dem Gehäuse 2 geführten Schlagkolbens nach vorne gestoßen und arbeitet sich dabei im Erdreich 6 voran. Der Meißel 4 zerschlägt dabei Steine bzw. andere Hindernisse und verdrängt das Erd­reich 6; erst danach wird das Gehäuse 2 in Vortriebsrich­tung 7 nachgezogen und auf diese Weise im Erdreich 6 eine Erdbohrung 8 hergestellt. An dem in Vortriebsrichtung 7 vordersten Ende des Rammbohrgerätes 1, d.h. im Meißel 4, ist eine Sendereinheit 9 angeordnet, die mit einem Empfän­ger 10 oberhalb des Erdreichs 6 zusammenarbeitet.The ram boring machine 1 has an overall tubular housing 2 and is connected to a pressure medium hose 3 connected at the rear end to a pressure medium source, not shown, such as in particular a compressor. At the front in the housing 2 is formed with its protruding part from the housing 2 as a stepped head, equipped with a chisel 4 striking tip 5 axially displaceable. The percussion tip 5 is pushed forward with the chisel 4 under the action of a percussion piston, not shown, which is guided axially in the housing 2 and works its way forward in the soil 6. The chisel 4 smashes stones or other obstacles and displaces the soil 6; Only then is the housing 2 drawn in the direction of advance 7 and in this way an earth hole 8 is made in the soil 6. At the foremost end of the ram boring machine 1 in the direction of advance 7, i.e. in the chisel 4, a transmitter unit 9 is arranged which cooperates with a receiver 10 above the ground 6.

In Fig. 2 sind Einzelheiten der Sendereinheit 9 darge­stellt. Diese besteht aus einem Sender 11 und zwei Batte­rien 12, die unter Zwischenschaltung einer sich an den Pluspol der einen Batterie 12 anlegenden Kegelstumpffeder 13 in einem Batteriegehäuse 14 angeordnet sind, wobei der Sender 11 mit einem Zapfen 15 in das Batteriegehäuse 14 eingreift. Der Meißel 4 ist mit einer Stirnbohrung 16 versehen, und nimmt die Sendereinheit 9, d.h. das Batterie­gehäuse 14 und den darin eingerasteten Sender 11 auf; das Batteriegehäuse 14 und der Sender 11 sind dabei zwischen einer sich am blinden Ende 17 der Stirnbohrung 16 abstützen­den ersten Druckfeder 18 und einer zweiten, sich an einem die Stirnbohrung 16 nach der Montage der Sendereinheit 9 verschließenden Deckel 19 abstützenden Druckfeder 20 einge­spannt. Die sichere Einbaulage der Sendereinheit 9 in der Stirnbohrung 16 des Meißels 4 wird durch Spannstifte 21 erreicht, die durch Radialbohrungen 22 der Meißelwandung 23 und nach dem Aufsetzen des Deckels 19 damit fluchtenden Radialbohrungen 24 eines Wellenzapfens 25 des Deckels 19 gesteckt werden.2 details of the transmitter unit 9 are shown. This consists of a transmitter 11 and two batteries 12, which are arranged in a battery housing 14 with the interposition of a truncated cone spring 13 which contacts the positive pole of a battery 12, the transmitter 11 engaging in the battery housing 14 with a pin 15. The chisel 4 is provided with an end bore 16 and accommodates the transmitter unit 9, ie the battery housing 14 and the transmitter 11 locked therein; the battery housing 14 and the transmitter 11 are between a first compression spring 18 which is supported on the blind end 17 of the end bore 16 and a second compression spring 20 which is supported on a cover 19 which closes the end bore 16 after the transmitter unit 9 has been installed. The secure installation position of the transmitter unit 9 in the end bore 16 of the chisel 4 is achieved by spring pins 21 which are inserted through radial bores 22 of the chisel wall 23 and radial bores 24 of a shaft journal 25 of the cover 19 which are flush therewith after the cover 19 has been put on.

Dadurch, daß das Rammbohrgerät 1 den Sender 11 an seinem in Vortriebsrichtung 7 weitestmöglich vordersten Ende, nämlich dem aus der Schlagspitze 5 vorkragenden Meißel 4 aufweist, werden Richtungsabweichungen des Rammbohrgerätes 1 örtlich entsprechend frühzeitig festgestellt, nämlich am Meißel 4, so daß sich korrigierende bzw. die Richtung stabilisierende Maßnahmen schon unmittelbar nach dem Auftreten einer Ab­lenkung einleiten lassen. Damit die Wellen 26 der Senderein­heit 9 möglichst ungehindert in das Erdreich 6 und dann bis an die Oberfläche dringen können (vgl. Fig. 1), besitzt die Meißelwandung 23 in ihrem dem Sender 11 in seiner Einbaula­ge benachbarten Wandungsbereich Axialschlitze 27, durch die die Wellen 26 ungehindert durchtreten.Due to the fact that the ram boring machine 1 has the transmitter 11 at its foremost end in the direction of advance 7, namely the chisel 4 protruding from the striking tip 5, directional deviations of the ram boring machine 1 are determined locally at an early stage, namely on the chisel 4, so that corrective or take measures to stabilize the direction as soon as a distraction occurs. So that the shafts 26 of the transmitter unit 9 can penetrate as freely as possible into the soil 6 and then to the surface (see FIG. 1), the wall 23 of the chisel has axial slots 27 in its wall position adjacent to the transmitter 11, through which the waves pass 26 step through unhindered.

Claims (11)

1. Rammbohrgerät mit einem rohrförmigen Gehäuse, einer Schlagspitze und einem Sender zur Laufrichtungskontrol­le, gekennzeichnet durch einen in Vortriebsrichtung (7) weitestmöglich vorne angeordneten Sender (11).1. A ram boring machine with a tubular housing, an impact tip and a transmitter for checking the direction of travel, characterized by a transmitter (11) arranged as far as possible in the forward direction (7). 2. Rammbohrgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sender (11) in der Schlagspitze (5) angeordnet ist.2. A ram boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitter (11) is arranged in the impact tip (5). 3. Rammbohrgerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Schlagspitze (5) axialbeweglich ange­ordnet ist.3. A ram boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the striking tip (5) is arranged to be axially movable. 4. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine Schlagspitze (5) mit einer Stirnbohrung (16).4. ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a striking tip (5) with an end bore (16). 5. Rammbohrgerät nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Sender (11) und eine Spannungsquelle (12) in der Stirnbohrung (16) angeordnet sind und ein Deckel (19) die Stirnbohrung (16) verschließt.5. A ram boring machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the transmitter (11) and a voltage source (12) are arranged in the end bore (16) and a cover (19) closes the end bore (16). 6. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, gekennzeichnet durch ein in der Stirnbohrung (16) angeordnetes Batteriegehäuse (14).6. A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 3 to 5, characterized by a battery housing (14) arranged in the end bore (16). 7. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sender (11) mit einem Zapfen (15) in das Batteriegehäuse (14) ein­greift.7. A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the transmitter (11) engages with a pin (15) in the battery housing (14). 8. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Batteriegehäuse (14) und der Sender (11) zwischen einer sich am blin­den Ende (17) der Stirnbohrung (16) und einer sich am Deckel (19) abstützenden Feder (18 bzw. 20) einge­spannt sind.8. A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the battery housing (14) and the transmitter (11) between one on the blind end (17) of the end bore (16) and one on the cover (19) supporting spring (18 or 20) are clamped. 9. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wandung (23) der Stirnbohrung (16) mit nach außen offenen Schlit­zen (27) versehen ist.9. ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the wall (23) of the end bore (16) is provided with slots (27) open to the outside. 10. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 3 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Deckel (19) mit einem Wellenzapfen (25) in die Stirnbohrung (16) ein­greift und mittels Spannstiften (21) gesichert ist, die durch Radialbohrungen (22;24) der Meißelwandung (23) und des Wellenzapfens (25) gesteckt sind.10. A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the cover (19) engages with a shaft journal (25) in the end bore (16) and is secured by means of dowel pins (21) which are secured by radial bores (22; 24) of the chisel wall (23) and the shaft journal (25) are inserted. 11. Rammbohrgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß Schlitze (27) in der Schlag­spitze mit einer abriebfesten Pulver/Kunststoffmasse verschlossen sind.11. A ram boring machine according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that slots (27) in the impact tip are closed with an abrasion-resistant powder / plastic compound.
EP89123180A 1989-01-04 1989-12-14 Boring ram Expired - Lifetime EP0377153B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3900122A DE3900122C3 (en) 1989-01-04 1989-01-04 Ram drilling machine
DE3900122 1989-01-04

Publications (3)

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EP0377153A2 true EP0377153A2 (en) 1990-07-11
EP0377153A3 EP0377153A3 (en) 1991-01-16
EP0377153B1 EP0377153B1 (en) 1994-12-14

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EP89123180A Expired - Lifetime EP0377153B1 (en) 1989-01-04 1989-12-14 Boring ram

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EP (1) EP0377153B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2707518B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3900122C3 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

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DE3943151A1 (en) * 1989-12-28 1991-07-11 Tracto Technik Underground pipe laying direction monitor - has transmitter and power supply mounted in casing on drilling bit at end of pipe
JP2935733B2 (en) * 1990-10-03 1999-08-16 高千穂産業株式会社 Drilling head position detector
DE4309387C2 (en) * 1993-03-23 1999-04-08 Terra Ag Tiefbautechnik Ram drilling machine
DE102007007766A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Rayonex Schwingungstechnik Gmbh Boring tool e.g. rod-driven boring tool, component for horizontal boring, has two metallic end caps defining ends respectively, where non-metallic housing section extends between two end caps

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US3529682A (en) * 1968-10-03 1970-09-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Location detection and guidance systems for burrowing device
DE2157259B1 (en) * 1971-11-18 1972-11-09 Tracto Technik Ram drilling rig
US3746106A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-07-17 Goldak Co Inc Boring bit locator
FR2336520A1 (en) * 1975-12-24 1977-07-22 Schmidt Paul SELF-PROPELLED DRILLING EQUIPMENT
DE2847128A1 (en) * 1978-10-30 1980-05-14 Tracto Technik Axial position detector for percussion drill - indicates position w.r.t. horizontal using vibration-proofed reference level with electrical sensing and evaluation
US4646277A (en) * 1985-04-12 1987-02-24 Gas Research Institute Control for guiding a boring tool
EP0262882A2 (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-04-06 Utilx Corporation Homing system for an in-ground boring device
DE8804347U1 (en) * 1987-04-02 1988-06-01 Holloway Equip Sales Ltd
EP0361805A1 (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-04 Gas Research Institute Percussive mole boring device with electronic transmitter

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DE2242605C3 (en) * 1972-08-30 1984-06-07 Paul 5940 Lennestadt Schmidt Ram drilling rigs
US4632191A (en) * 1985-04-05 1986-12-30 Gas Research Institute Steering system for percussion boring tools

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US3529682A (en) * 1968-10-03 1970-09-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Location detection and guidance systems for burrowing device
DE2157259B1 (en) * 1971-11-18 1972-11-09 Tracto Technik Ram drilling rig
US3746106A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-07-17 Goldak Co Inc Boring bit locator
FR2336520A1 (en) * 1975-12-24 1977-07-22 Schmidt Paul SELF-PROPELLED DRILLING EQUIPMENT
DE2847128A1 (en) * 1978-10-30 1980-05-14 Tracto Technik Axial position detector for percussion drill - indicates position w.r.t. horizontal using vibration-proofed reference level with electrical sensing and evaluation
US4646277A (en) * 1985-04-12 1987-02-24 Gas Research Institute Control for guiding a boring tool
EP0262882A2 (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-04-06 Utilx Corporation Homing system for an in-ground boring device
DE8804347U1 (en) * 1987-04-02 1988-06-01 Holloway Equip Sales Ltd
EP0361805A1 (en) * 1988-09-29 1990-04-04 Gas Research Institute Percussive mole boring device with electronic transmitter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02213585A (en) 1990-08-24
EP0377153A3 (en) 1991-01-16
JP2707518B2 (en) 1998-01-28
EP0377153B1 (en) 1994-12-14
DE3900122A1 (en) 1990-07-05
DE3900122C2 (en) 1990-11-08
DE3900122C3 (en) 1994-02-24

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