EP0373430A2 - Method for reshaping flat, plate-like elements into a bi-axially curved shape - Google Patents

Method for reshaping flat, plate-like elements into a bi-axially curved shape Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0373430A2
EP0373430A2 EP89122126A EP89122126A EP0373430A2 EP 0373430 A2 EP0373430 A2 EP 0373430A2 EP 89122126 A EP89122126 A EP 89122126A EP 89122126 A EP89122126 A EP 89122126A EP 0373430 A2 EP0373430 A2 EP 0373430A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
blasting
elements
reshaping
components
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Granted
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EP89122126A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0373430A3 (en
EP0373430B1 (en
Inventor
Winfried Dr. Köhler
Klaus-Peter Dr. Hornauer
Reiner Prof.Dr. Kopp
Klaus Dr. Baldner
Frank Dipl.-Ing. Wüstefeld
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Dornier GmbH
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Dornier GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
    • B21D11/20—Bending sheet metal, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • B21D31/06—Deforming sheet metal, tubes or profiles by sequential impacts, e.g. hammering, beating, peen forming
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/47—Burnishing
    • Y10T29/479—Burnishing by shot peening or blasting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • This method which has been known for a long time, of bringing components formed from elastic and plastic forming behavior into a uniaxially curved shape, assumes that, as a result of the action on the surface of the component to be reformed, by means of accelerated, solid abrasive media, for example steel balls, by stamping into the component surface Compressive stresses are generated, which results in an expansion of the entire surface layer of the component. As a result, there is an elastic expansion within the layer below the surface layer due to the tensile stresses that occur. It is known to use this type of machining in the forming of components in aircraft construction.
  • the object of the present invention is to bring flat components into a biaxially curved shape by means of shot-peening and in particular also components that have jumps in thickness.
  • the method according to the invention uses the known spherical jet shaping method for reshaping flat components into a shape with a biaxial curvature, the reshaping being carried out with the aid of computer-controlled impingement of rays, in which the direction and strength of the spherical impact is adjusted as a function of the dimensions of the component, for example in Depending on the wall thickness or as a function of wall thickness changes over the extent of the component, it can be preset in predetermined areas such as areas with the same elongation.
  • a major advantage here is that the necessary thickness levels of the component can be provided by mechanical milling before the shot peening and the component with the milled contours are formed.
  • the components to be formed can be reshaped directly in the hardened state, so that subsequently no heat treatment of the component is required, and heat distortion and changes in the material structure due to the heat treatment are thus excluded.
  • the method steps according to the invention result in a reduced number of processing steps.
  • the shaping of the component can be reproduced by the computer-controlled beam application. Using the method, processing can react flexibly to changes in wall thickness or changes in the material properties of the component.
  • a component 1 is shown in Figures 1 and 2, which is composed of several individual elements 3.
  • the individual segments 3 are formed by means of the method according to the invention from flat plate parts into a shape with a biaxial curvature, as can be seen from FIG. 3.
  • the component or segment 3 to be formed from a flat plate has thickness areas formed by mechanical milling in the area of the outer contour, namely an area 5 of approximately 4.5 mm thick, an area 6 of approximately 3.5 mm thick and an area 7 of about 2.6 mm thick. These differences in thickness are formed by mechanical milling before bending into a biaxial curvature of the flat plates 3 on the component.
  • the shaping of the planar components 3 into a biaxially curved shape by irradiating the component surface takes place according to the method in that the blasting agent jets follow the contour of the component 3 when the component surface is covered.
  • the shaping is effected by using certain beam parameters and following a predetermined beam strategy.
  • the beam traces guided over the component 3 are approximated in the form of a polygon pattern to the geometry of the component 3.
  • the component 3 has an upper and in its longitudinal direction a lower contour surface 8 and adjoining side surfaces 9, the center or the central region of the component surface 10 to be irradiated being designated by M here.
  • the computer-controlled guidance of the beam traces generated by the beam device on the component side 10 to be acted on (concave) can be seen from FIG. 4.
  • the beam traces run along lines 11 indicated in FIG. 4 and are adapted to the component geometry and have approximately the same elongation.
  • the arrangement of the beam traces causes the corresponding expansion distribution to be generated, the component 3 in the central region 11 being to experience the greatest expansion.
  • the flat component or sheet is first picked up and fixed in a convex position, depending on its forming behavior, by a clamping device.
  • the component 3 is then blasted from the convexly curved side with the aid of the accelerated blasting balls, so that a pre-curvature can be produced in the desired direction.
  • the component 3 can also be clamped or fixed in a concave position from the outset, so that an elastic pre-curvature arises.
  • the shot is then irradiated from the concave side in order to achieve the necessary expansion in the component and the desired curvature.
  • blasting is carried out on lines 11 of the same strain with the aid of a computer control, the blasting traces being adapted to the geometry of the component 3.
  • the beam energy is varied over the component surface 10, the energy gradient decreasing from the inner component surface to the outer component edge 8, 9.
  • the ratio of longitudinal curvature to transverse curvature is influenced by appropriate energy distribution along the beam traces 11.
  • the degree of coverage is varied, for example, between 10% and 2 x 98% over the component surface 10.
  • the edge regions of the component 3, provided with milling steps or thickness jumps 5, 6 and 7, are treated with adapted beam parameters as a result of the varying thickness after certain manufacturing steps of the central region M of the component 3.
  • a convex mold support or concave relief is used which is adapted to the component geometry (FIG. 5).
  • the clamping is formed by a base plate 16 on which supports 18 are arranged on frame parts 17, which are used to fix the component 3 by means of suspensions 19 on the rods 18 and suspension brackets 20 on the component 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

Method of reshaping flat, plate-like elements into a bi-axially curved shape, the elements being formed of materials having an elastic and plastic reshaping behaviour and the reshaping being effected by means of spherical blasting media acting on the elements under relatively high blasting pressure, and in particular elements having a geometry with a changing thickness or thickness increments according to steps of the method which include the mounting of the element (3) in concave position, a blasting treatment for the concavely arched side of the element by means of blasting media, direction of the jet of blasting media according to predetermined values along lines or tracks (11) which have the same or approximately the same extension, reduction of the blasting energy, starting from the centre or central area (M) towards the outer contour of the element, subsequent treatment of the element by means of impingement of blasting media on the convex side of the element and a separate blasting treatment of the marginal areas of the element. …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren der im Ober­begriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention relates to a method of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Diese seit längerem bekannte Art, aus elastisches und pla­stisches Umformverhalten aufweisendem Werkstoff gebildete Bauteile in eine einachsig gekrümmte Form zu bringen, geht davon aus, daß infolge der Beaufschlagung der Oberfläche des umzuformenden Bauteiles mittels beschleunigter, fester Strahlmittel, beispielsweise Stahlkugeln, durch Einprägen in die Bauteiloberfläche Druckspannungen erzeugt werden, woraus eine Dehnung der gesamten Oberflächenschicht des Bauteils resultiert. Innerhalb der unter der Oberflächen­schicht liegenden Schicht kommt es infolgedessen zu einer elastischen Dehnung durch die auftretenden Zugspannungen. Es ist bekannt, diese Art der Bearbeitung bei der Umformung von Bauteilen im Flugzeugbau einzusetzen.
Beispielsweise ist es bekannt Paneele oder Beplankungsteile für die Zelle von Flugzeugen, das heißt des Rumpfes oder des Tragflügels in eine Form mit einachsiger Krümmung umzu­formen.
Das Strahlmittel wird beim bekannten Verfahren US-PS 4.329.862 mittels Schleuderräder beschleunigt auf die Bauteiloberfläche zur Einwirkung gebracht. Dabei sind quer zur Relativbewegung zwischen Werkzeug und Bauteil eine Anzahl solche Schleuderräder verteilt angeordnet. Dabei ist das Bauteil auf einem Aufnahmetisch aufgespannt. Die bisher bekanntgewordenen Umformeinrichtungen beziehungs­weise die bisher angewandten Verfahren mit Einsatz der Be­aufschlagung der Bauteiloberfläche erlauben jedoch nicht oder nur in unvollkommener Weise die Umformung ebener Plat­ten in eine Form mit zweiachsiger Krümmung.This method, which has been known for a long time, of bringing components formed from elastic and plastic forming behavior into a uniaxially curved shape, assumes that, as a result of the action on the surface of the component to be reformed, by means of accelerated, solid abrasive media, for example steel balls, by stamping into the component surface Compressive stresses are generated, which results in an expansion of the entire surface layer of the component. As a result, there is an elastic expansion within the layer below the surface layer due to the tensile stresses that occur. It is known to use this type of machining in the forming of components in aircraft construction.
For example, it is known to convert panels or planking parts for the cell of aircraft, that is to say of the fuselage or of the wing, into a shape with a uniaxial curvature.
In the known method US Pat. No. 4,329,862, the abrasive is accelerated onto the component surface by means of centrifugal wheels. Here are across for the relative movement between the tool and the component, a number of such centrifugal wheels are distributed. The component is clamped on a mounting table. However, the previously known forming devices or the previously used methods using the application of the component surface do not allow, or only incompletely, the shaping of flat plates into a shape with a biaxial curvature.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, durch Kugel­strahlumformen ebene Bauteile in eine zweiachsig gekrümmte Form zu bringen und insbesondere auch Bauteile die Dicken­sprünge aufweisen.The object of the present invention is to bring flat components into a biaxially curved shape by means of shot-peening and in particular also components that have jumps in thickness.

Die gestellte Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren nach den Merkmalen des kennzeichnenden Teiles des Anspruchs 1.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Haupterfindungs­gedankens sind Gegenstände weiterer Ansprüche.The object is achieved according to the invention by a method according to the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
Further advantageous embodiments of the main inventive concept are the subject of further claims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren setzt zur Umformung von ebenen Bauteilen in eine Form mit zweiachsiger Krümmung das an sich bekannte Kugelstrahlumformverfahren ein, wobei die Umformung mit Hilfe computergesteuerter Strahlbeaufschlagung erfolgt, bei der eine Anpassung der Richtung und Stärke der Kugelbeaufschlagung in Abhängigkeit von den Abmessungen des Bauteils z.B. in Abhängigkeit von der Wanddicke oder in Ab­hängigkeit von Wanddickenänderungen über die Erstreckung des Bauteils, auf vorbestimmten Bereichen wie Bereiche gleicher Dehnung voreinstellbar ist.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil hierbei ist, daß notwendige Dicken­stufen des Bauteils vor dem Kugelstrahlumformen durch mecha­nisches Fräsen vorgesehen werden können und das Bauteil mit den fertiggefrästen Konturen umgeformt wird.The method according to the invention uses the known spherical jet shaping method for reshaping flat components into a shape with a biaxial curvature, the reshaping being carried out with the aid of computer-controlled impingement of rays, in which the direction and strength of the spherical impact is adjusted as a function of the dimensions of the component, for example in Depending on the wall thickness or as a function of wall thickness changes over the extent of the component, it can be preset in predetermined areas such as areas with the same elongation.
A major advantage here is that the necessary thickness levels of the component can be provided by mechanical milling before the shot peening and the component with the milled contours are formed.

Von Vorteil ist auch, daß die umzuformenden Bauteile direkt im ausgehärteten Zustand umgeformt werden können, so daß an­schließend keine Wärmebehandlung des Bauteils mehr erforder­lich ist und damit Wärmeverzug und Änderungen des Material­gefüges durch die Wärmebehandlung ausgeschlossen sind.
Ferner resultiert aus den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens­schritten eine verminderte Anzahl von Bearbeitungsschritten. Außerdem ist die Umformung des Bauteils durch die computer­gesteuerte Strahlbeaufschlagung reproduzierbar.
Mittels des Verfahrens kann die Bearbeitung flexibel auf Wandstärkenänderungen oder Änderungen der Materialeigen­schaften des Bauteils reagieren.It is also advantageous that the components to be formed can be reshaped directly in the hardened state, so that subsequently no heat treatment of the component is required, and heat distortion and changes in the material structure due to the heat treatment are thus excluded.
Furthermore, the method steps according to the invention result in a reduced number of processing steps. In addition, the shaping of the component can be reproduced by the computer-controlled beam application.
Using the method, processing can react flexibly to changes in wall thickness or changes in the material properties of the component.

In der Zeichnung ist anhand eines segmentförmigen Blechbau­teiles als Ausführungsbeispiel der Einsatz des erfindungs­gemäßen Verfahrensablaufes in Verbindung mit Einrichtungen zur Kugelstrahlumformung dargestellt und in der nachfolgen­den Beschreibung näher erläutert.In the drawing, using a segmented sheet metal component as an exemplary embodiment, the use of the process sequence according to the invention in connection with devices for shot peening is shown and explained in more detail in the following description.

In der Zeichnung zeigt:

  • Figur 1 in schematischer Darstellung ein Gesamtbauteil, das sich aus mehreren gemäß dem Verfahren umge­formten Einzelsegmenten zusammensetzt, beispiels­weise zu einem Kugelkalottenform aufweisenden Bodenteil,
  • Figur 2 ebenfalls schematisiert dargestellt, in einer Seitenansicht das sich aus Bauelementen zusam­mensetzende Gesamtbauteil,
  • Figur 3 in Seitenansicht und in gemäß dem Verfahren umgeformten Zustand eines der Elemente des Gesamtbauteiles,
  • Figur 4 in Draufsicht auf eines der segmentförmigen Elemente, dessen Konturverlauf in Verbindung mit durch Hilfslinien angedeutetem Verfahrens­ablauf der Umformung durch Kugelbestrahlung,
  • Figur 5 einen Spannrahmen bzw. eine Formauflage zur Fixierung und elastischen Vorspannung des segmentförmigen Bauteils.
The drawing shows:
  • 1 shows a schematic representation of an overall component which is composed of a plurality of individual segments formed by the method, for example to form a spherical cap-shaped base part,
  • FIG. 2 is also shown schematically, in a side view the overall component composed of components,
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view and one of the elements of the overall component deformed according to the method,
  • FIG. 4 shows a top view of one of the segment-shaped elements, the contour course of which, in conjunction with the process sequence of shaping by shot peening indicated by auxiliary lines,
  • 5 shows a clamping frame or a mold support for fixing and elastic prestressing of the segment-shaped component.

Als Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Figur 1 und 2 ein Bauteil 1 dargestellt, das aus mehreren Einzelelementen 3 zusammen­gesetzt ist. Die einzelnen Segmente 3 sind mittels des er­findungsgemäßen Verfahrens aus ebenen Plattenteilen in eine Form mit zweiachsiger Krümmung, wie aus Figur 3 ersichtlich, umgeformt.As an embodiment, a component 1 is shown in Figures 1 and 2, which is composed of several individual elements 3. The individual segments 3 are formed by means of the method according to the invention from flat plate parts into a shape with a biaxial curvature, as can be seen from FIG. 3.

Das aus einer ebenen Platte umzuformende Bauteil beziehungs­weise Segment 3 weist im Bereich der äußeren Kontur durch mechanisches Fräsen gebildete Dickenbereiche auf und zwar einen Bereich 5 von ca. 4,5 mm Dicke, einen Bereich 6 von ca. 3,5 mm Dicke und einen Bereich 7 von ca. 2,6 mm Dicke. Diese Dickenunterschiede sind durch mechanisches Fräsen vor der Biegeumformung in eine zweiachsige Krümmung der ebenen Platten 3 am Bauteil gebildet. Die Umformung der ebenen Bau­teile 3 in eine zweiachsig gekrümmte Form durch Bestrahlen der Bauteiloberfläche erfolgt gemäß dem Verfahren dadurch, daß die Strahlmittelstrahlen beim Überdecken der Bauteil­oberfläche der Kontur des Bauteiles 3 folgen. Dabei wird die Umformung durch Einsatz bestimmter Strahlparameter und unter Verfolgung einer vorbestimmten Strahlstrategie bewirkt. Es werden dabei die über das Bauteil 3 geführten Strahl­spuren in Form eines Polygonmusters der Geometrie des Bau­teiles 3 angenähert.
Das Bauteil 3 weist in seiner Längsrichtung eine obere und eine untere Konturfläche 8 und daran anschliessende Seiten­flächen 9 auf, wobei hier das Zentrum bzw. der mittlere Bereich der zu bestrahlenden Bauteiloberfläche 10 mit M bezeichnet ist.
Die computergesteuerte Führung der durch die Strahleinrich­tung erzeugten Strahlspuren auf der zu beaufschlagenden Bauteilseite 10 (konkav) ist aus Figur 4 ersichtlich. Die Strahlspuren verlaufen entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren entlang von in Figur 4 angedeuteten Linien 11 und sind der Bauteil-Geometrie angepasst und weisen angenähert gleiche Dehnung auf.The component or segment 3 to be formed from a flat plate has thickness areas formed by mechanical milling in the area of the outer contour, namely an area 5 of approximately 4.5 mm thick, an area 6 of approximately 3.5 mm thick and an area 7 of about 2.6 mm thick. These differences in thickness are formed by mechanical milling before bending into a biaxial curvature of the flat plates 3 on the component. The shaping of the planar components 3 into a biaxially curved shape by irradiating the component surface takes place according to the method in that the blasting agent jets follow the contour of the component 3 when the component surface is covered. The shaping is effected by using certain beam parameters and following a predetermined beam strategy. The beam traces guided over the component 3 are approximated in the form of a polygon pattern to the geometry of the component 3.
The component 3 has an upper and in its longitudinal direction a lower contour surface 8 and adjoining side surfaces 9, the center or the central region of the component surface 10 to be irradiated being designated by M here.
The computer-controlled guidance of the beam traces generated by the beam device on the component side 10 to be acted on (concave) can be seen from FIG. 4. In accordance with the method according to the invention, the beam traces run along lines 11 indicated in FIG. 4 and are adapted to the component geometry and have approximately the same elongation.

Die Anordnung der Strahlspuren bewirkt, daß die entspre­chende Dehnungsverteilung erzeugt wird, wobei das Bauteil 3 im mittleren Bereich 11 die größten Dehnungen erfahren soll.The arrangement of the beam traces causes the corresponding expansion distribution to be generated, the component 3 in the central region 11 being to experience the greatest expansion.

Entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird das ebene Bauteil bzw. Blech zunächst, abhängig von seinem Umformver­halten, von einer Spannvorrichtung in konvexer Lage aufge­nommen und fixiert. Danach erfolgt die Strahlbehandlung des Bauteiles 3 von der konvex gewölbten Seite aus mit Hilfe der beschleunigten Strahlkugeln, so daß eine Vorkrümmung in die gewünschte Richtung erzeugt werden kann.In accordance with the method according to the invention, the flat component or sheet is first picked up and fixed in a convex position, depending on its forming behavior, by a clamping device. The component 3 is then blasted from the convexly curved side with the aid of the accelerated blasting balls, so that a pre-curvature can be produced in the desired direction.

Es kann jedoch auch von vornherein das Bauteil 3 in konkaver Lage aufgespannt bzw. fixiert werden, so daß eine elastische Vorkrümmung entsteht. Danach erfolgt die Kugelbestrahlung von der konkaven Seite her, um die notwendigen Dehnungen im Bauteil und die gewünschte Krümmung zu erreichen.
Hierbei wird, wie bereits beschrieben, mit Hilfe einer Computersteuerung auf Linien 11 gleicher Dehnung gestrahlt, wobei die Strahlspuren an die Geometrie des Bauteils 3 an­gepasst sind.However, the component 3 can also be clamped or fixed in a concave position from the outset, so that an elastic pre-curvature arises. The shot is then irradiated from the concave side in order to achieve the necessary expansion in the component and the desired curvature.
Here, as already described, blasting is carried out on lines 11 of the same strain with the aid of a computer control, the blasting traces being adapted to the geometry of the component 3.

Die Strahlenergie wird über die Bauteiloberfläche 10 variiert, wobei der Energiegradient von der inneren Bauteilfläche zum äußeren Bauteilrand 8, 9 abnimmt. Durch entsprechende Energieverteilung entlang der Strahlspuren 11 wird das Verhältnis von Längskrümmung zur Querkrümmung be­einflusst. Der Bedeckungsgrad wird z.B. zwischen 10% und 2 x 98% über der Bauteiloberfläche 10 variiert. Die mit Frässtufen bzw. Dickensprüngen 5, 6 und 7 versehenen Rand­bereiche des Bauteils 3 werden infolge der variierenden Dicke nach bestimmten Fertigungsschritten des Mittel­bereichs M des Bauteils 3 mit angepassten Strahlparametern behandelt. Zur Unterstützung der Kugelstrahlumformung dient eine der Bauteil-Geometrie angepasste konvexe Formauflage oder konkave Auspannung (Figur 5).
Die Aufspannung wird gebildet durch eine Grundplatte 16, auf der an Rahmenteilen 17 Abstützungen 18 angeordnet sind, die zur Fixierung des Bauteiles 3 mit Hilfe von Aufhängungen 19 an den Stangen 18 und Aufhängeklammern 20 am Bauteil 3 dienen.The beam energy is varied over the component surface 10, the energy gradient decreasing from the inner component surface to the outer component edge 8, 9. The ratio of longitudinal curvature to transverse curvature is influenced by appropriate energy distribution along the beam traces 11. The degree of coverage is varied, for example, between 10% and 2 x 98% over the component surface 10. The edge regions of the component 3, provided with milling steps or thickness jumps 5, 6 and 7, are treated with adapted beam parameters as a result of the varying thickness after certain manufacturing steps of the central region M of the component 3. To support the shot peening, a convex mold support or concave relief is used which is adapted to the component geometry (FIG. 5).
The clamping is formed by a base plate 16 on which supports 18 are arranged on frame parts 17, which are used to fix the component 3 by means of suspensions 19 on the rods 18 and suspension brackets 20 on the component 3.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zum Umformen von ebenen, plattenförmigen Bau­teilen in eine zweiachsig gekrümmte Form,
- wobei die Bauteile aus elastisches und plastisches Umformverhalten aufweisenden Werkstoffen gebildet sind
- und die Umformung mittels unter relativ hohem Strahldruck (bis 10 bar) auf das Bauteil ein­wirkende, kugelförmige Strahlmittel erfolgt
- insbesondere fürBauteile mit einer Geometrie mit sich ändernder Dicke bzw. mit Dickensprüngen gekennzeichnet durch die nachfolgenden Verfahrensschritte: a) Aufspannen des Bauteils (3) in konkaver Lage, b) Strahlbehandlung der konkav gewölbten Bauteil­seite (10) mittels Strahlmittel, c) Führung des Strahlmittelstrahls nach vorgegebenen Werten entlang von Linien (11) bzw. Spuren oder Oberflächenbahnen des Bauteils (3), die gleiche oder annähernd gleiche Dehnung aufweisen, d) Verringerung der Strahlenergie, ausgehend vom Zentrum bzw. zentralen Bereich zur äußeren Kontur (8, 9) des Bauteils (3) hin, e) Nachbehandlung des Bauteiles mittels Strahlmittel­beaufschlagung der konvexen Bauteilseite (10′) und f) separate Strahlbehandlung der Bauteilrandbereiche. 1. A method for forming flat, plate-shaped components into a biaxially curved shape,
- The components are formed from elastic and plastic forming behavior materials
- and the shaping is carried out by means of spherical blasting agents acting on the component under relatively high blasting pressure (up to 10 bar)
- Especially for components with a geometry with changing thickness or with thickness jumps characterized by the following process steps: a) clamping the component (3) in a concave position, b) blasting treatment of the concavely curved component side (10) by means of blasting agent, c) guiding the blasting agent jet according to predetermined values along lines (11) or tracks or surface tracks of the component (3) which have the same or approximately the same elongation, d) reduction of the beam energy, starting from the center or central area towards the outer contour (8, 9) of the component (3), e) aftertreatment of the component by means of blasting agent application on the convex component side (10 ') and f) separate blasting treatment of the component edge areas. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch eine vorbestimmte Energieverteilung das Verhältnis von Längskrümmung zur Querkrümmung am Bauteil (3) beein­flusst wird, wobei der Bedeckungsgrad zwischen annähernd 10 % und 2 x 98 % über die Werkstückoberfläche (10) variiert.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of longitudinal curvature to transverse curvature on the component (3) is influenced by a predetermined energy distribution, the degree of coverage varying between approximately 10% and 2 x 98% over the workpiece surface (10). 3. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorangehenden An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahlenergie­verteilung über die Werkstückoberfläche (10) und die Führung des Strahlmittelstrahls computergesteuert ist.3. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the beam energy distribution over the workpiece surface (10) and the guidance of the blasting agent beam is computer-controlled. 4. Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorangehenden An­sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Energiegradient vom inneren Bauteilabschnitt (M) zum Bauteilrand (8, 9) abnehmende Werte aufweist.4. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy gradient from the inner component section (M) to the component edge (8, 9) has decreasing values. 5. Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach minde­stens einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß zur Unterstützung des Umformvorganges eine der Form des fertigumgeformten Werkstückes (3) entspre­chend geformte Aufspanneinrichtung (Figur 5) mit Spann­mitteln zur elastischen Vorspannung bzw. Fixierung des Werkstücks (3) vorgesehen ist.5. Device for carrying out the method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that to support the forming process a clamping device (FIG. 5) correspondingly shaped to the shape of the finished formed workpiece (3) with clamping means for elastic prestressing or fixing of the workpiece (3 ) is provided.
EP89122126A 1988-12-14 1989-11-30 Method for reshaping flat, plate-like elements into a bi-axially curved shape Expired - Lifetime EP0373430B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3842064A DE3842064A1 (en) 1988-12-14 1988-12-14 METHOD FOR FORMING PLANE, PLATE-SHAPED COMPONENTS INTO A TWO-AXIS CURVED MOLD
DE3842064 1988-12-14

Publications (3)

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EP0373430A2 true EP0373430A2 (en) 1990-06-20
EP0373430A3 EP0373430A3 (en) 1990-12-05
EP0373430B1 EP0373430B1 (en) 1995-02-01

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US (1) US5072606A (en)
EP (1) EP0373430B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3842064A1 (en)

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EP2149426A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-03 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Method for the production of metallic parts
CN109376412A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-02-22 吉林大学 Equivalent shot-peening method for numerical simulation based on temperature field

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DE4413369C2 (en) * 1994-04-19 1996-08-29 Hornauer Klaus Peter Dr Ing Cup-shaped workpiece
DE19503620C2 (en) * 1995-02-03 1998-07-16 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Process for forming a plate-shaped component
FR2745509B1 (en) * 1996-03-01 1998-04-24 Lohr Ind PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A TIPPER BODY WITH CONCAVE PROFILE
US5877405A (en) * 1996-06-07 1999-03-02 Electronics Incorporated Gage for measuring the intensity of shot-blast peening using non-magnetic test strips held in place by spring-loaded plungers
US6670578B2 (en) * 1999-07-19 2003-12-30 The Regents Of The University Of California Pre-loading of components during laser peenforming
WO2001005549A2 (en) * 1999-07-19 2001-01-25 The Regents Of The University Of California Contour forming of metals by laser peening
CA2317845C (en) * 2000-09-08 2006-12-19 Steven Kennerknecht Shaped metal panels and forming same by shot peening
US6651299B2 (en) * 2000-10-13 2003-11-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method and apparatus for manufacturing endless metallic belt, and the endless metallic belt manufactured by the method
DE10146693A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-04-10 Bernd Viehweger Free forming process for plastic/metal semi-finished products does not require forming tool buts uses medium jet instead
US7065479B2 (en) * 2002-05-28 2006-06-20 General Electric Company Method for determining and compensating for peening-induced distortion
DE10328103A1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2005-02-24 ZF Lemförder Metallwaren AG Device for adjusting a pivotally mounted by means of a bearing device connection part
DE102005024627A1 (en) 2005-05-30 2006-12-07 Mt Aerospace Ag Vacuum-supported method and apparatus for forming a substantially flat blank made of metal to a thin-walled shell body and their use
ATE438048T1 (en) * 2006-06-23 2009-08-15 Muhr & Bender Kg IMPROVE THE EDGE OF DISC SPRINGS OR WAVED SPRINGS
DE102008003882B4 (en) * 2008-01-10 2011-12-15 Otto Fuchs Kg Method for producing an article made of metal, in particular from a high-strength aluminum alloy, and method for straightening such an article
DE102010013207B4 (en) 2010-03-29 2013-09-05 Mt Aerospace Ag A method of forming at least one substantially planar blank into a shell body and the use thereof
CN102756339B (en) * 2012-07-27 2015-04-29 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 Shape maintenance shot peening strengthening and calibration method for preventing in-plane bending of wall panel
JP6104725B2 (en) 2013-06-12 2017-03-29 三菱重工業株式会社 Torsion holding device, torsion holding method and torsion forming method for plate-like workpiece
JP6115554B2 (en) * 2014-12-08 2017-04-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Shot peening method
US9902482B2 (en) * 2015-10-28 2018-02-27 The Boeing Company Deep rolling forming
CN117921551A (en) * 2024-03-25 2024-04-26 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 Shot blasting correction method for controlling deformation of frame parts

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EP2149426A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-03 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Method for the production of metallic parts
CN109376412A (en) * 2018-10-08 2019-02-22 吉林大学 Equivalent shot-peening method for numerical simulation based on temperature field

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5072606A (en) 1991-12-17
DE3842064A1 (en) 1990-06-21
DE3842064C2 (en) 1990-11-08
EP0373430A3 (en) 1990-12-05
DE58908968D1 (en) 1995-03-16
EP0373430B1 (en) 1995-02-01

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