EP0368392B1

EP0368392B1 - High speed folding machine for elastic material bands

Info

Publication number: EP0368392B1
Application number: EP89202744A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Luciano Meschi
Original assignee: Industria Grafica Meschi SRL
Current assignee: Industria Grafica Meschi SRL
Priority date: 1988-11-07
Filing date: 1989-10-31
Publication date: 1993-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2009-10-31
Also published as: DE68905996T2; EP0368392A3; DE68905996D1; JP2669508B2; JPH02182667A; IT1227467B; ATE88163T1; IT8822536A0; EP0368392A2

Abstract

Machine for high speed folding in accordion-like manner bands (102) of elastic materials such as paper, thin plastic laminates or metal sheets coming from coils on which they are stored in a rolled up form, coprising an orientable guide (104) launching said band (102) against an obstacle (24, 26) so as to cause a length of said band (102) to be bent in arc-shaped manner, thus forming a loop (150), towards a first roller (20) having circumferential grooves (40) and areas (136, 138, 140) having high friction coefficient with respect to the material of the band (102) to be folded, said roller (20) being rotated at a speed such that its peripheral speed is greater than the advancing rate of said band (102), whereby the loop (150) formed by said band (102) is drawn by said roller (20) up to impinge against relieves (32) engaged within said circumferential grooves (40), causing said band (102) to be pinched, thus forming a sharp fold and then to start again the arc shaped folding in the opposite direction until it comes into contact with said loop (150) a second roller (22), fully identical to the first one (20), whereby the band (102) is pinched between said roller (22) and corresponding relieves (36) engaged in circumferential grooves thereof (44), the band (102) being thus sharply folded again and returned towards said first roller (20), and so on, whereby an accordion folded package of band (166) is formed up to the desired size. The presence of possible crossing weakening areas in said band (102) at regular spacings makes the size of the accordion folded zones essentially independent from the distance between said first and second rollers (20, 22).

Description

The present invention relates to a machine for accordion-like folding bands of not very rigid elastic materials such as paper, paperboard, plastic laminates, metal sheets etc., in layers having all essentially equal length at a very high rate without using particular means by which the spacing between the folds is measured and controlled.
This machine is particularly useful in the preparation of paper for high speed printers as an accordion-like folded band to form packages containing a predetermined number of loops , starting from a virgin band rolled up as a coil, as it normally comes from the manufacturing shop.
A number of methods and mechanisms is known to accordion like fold a paper band for high speed printers to form packages having desired size containing a paper band having side advancing holes and weakened areas for the tearing at regular intervals. (DE-A-2 704 502).
Among them the mostly known comprise the laying down of band loops folded by periodically acting mechanisms such, as helicoidal spirals rotating along their axis, onto a conveying band onto which the package is formed in inclined manner, with the loops flake-wise superimposed, the package being subsequently redressed either manually or by means of any simple mechanism and lastly separated and prepared for the carrying out.
According to another method there are provided cylinders having sucking zones to drag the band paper and funnel shaped guiding means which, by alternatively moving rightwise and leftwise perpendicularly to the advancement direction of the paper, cause the the latter two laid down in a zig-zag manner, thus forming the beginning of an accordion like folding (GB-A-2 177 686, DE-A-3708016).
Other methods exists by which the folding is carried out after predetermined band lenght are passed and sofisticated devices are involved containing synchronous or stepped motors to deliver the predetermined lenght and cause the folding to take place at the desired point.
The methods of the prior art as above described are all either subjected to complications for intermediates or additional steps in the package forming or to limitation of production rate depending on the tech nological level of the mechanism which render very complicated the package forming process and cause it to be easily liable to registration losses which involve time consuming adjustment or substitutions when the size of the band lenght forming the packages must be changed.
A first purpose of the present invention is that of providing a high speed polding machine for thin bands of elastic materials, such as paper, permitting said bands to be folded in accordion-like manner at very high rate forming packages which are in the already redressed situation and require a minimum of subsequent processing for their final packaging.
Another purpose of the present invention is that of preparing packages of paper band accordion-like folded in which the size, both as lenght and as height , may be changed through simple adjustment of components of the folding machine whithout need of substitution of parts.
A further purpose of the present invention is that of preparing packages of paper band the size of which may be predetermined in a precise manner, for example, imposing weaking areas at modular spacings in the band, and which remain precise notwithstanding minor size changes of components of the folding machine.
The method of the present invention is essentially based on the fact that a paper sheet or a sheet of whatever laminate of similar consistency if advanced up to an obstacle is contacted, begins to take an arc shape , forming a loop increasingly narroever as the sheet is pushed against a first fixed obstacle , whereby , if the said loop near the apex thereof is carried by a first roller, the peripheral speed of which is higher than the advancing speed of the sheet, and is made to impinge against a second fixed obstacle, being engaged with the first roller surface so that it cannot be overcome by the sheet, said loop is definitely pinched whereby the sheet takes a straight fold line and subsequently this sharp folding line, by remaining abutted against said second obstacle into engagement with the first roller acts as a stop whereby the sheet continuously advancing is formed as an arc in the opposite direction with respect to the preceeding one, the loop of which is more and more narrowed, as the sheet advances, being removed from the obstacle until the loop near its apex is carried by a second roller, the peripheral speed of which is higher than the advancing speed of the sheet and is compelled to impinge against the first fixed obstacle, into engagement with the surface of said second roller, whereby it cannot be overcome by the sheet, said loop being sharply pinched, thus giving to the sheet a straight folding line which , by remaining into abuttment against said first obstacle engaged with the second roller, acts as a stop inverting the arc formed by the sheet which at the very end takes a zig-zag configuration forming the desired accordion like folding.
A device by which the method of the present invention is embodied consists of a supporting plane, above which guiding means are provided for the sheet or band and alternatively guiding said band when it is introduced in order to have it inpinging against a first or a second said obstacle each of one limitates one of the two opposite sides of said supporting plane, above said first and second obstacle there being provided roller means rotating at a speed such that their peripheral speed is higher than the advancing rate of the band whereby a loop generated in said band owing to the abutting thereof against that of the two obstacle towards which it is initially guided by said guiding means is dragged by that of the roller means opposite with respect to said obstacle against the opposide obstacle which is engaged with said roller means to prevent the band from passing under the same, forming in the band itself a straight and sharp fold which causes the direction of loop formation of the sheet to be inverted, whereby it is brought towards the opposite of said roller means and the forming of said sharp and streight folds is continuously alternated between the two opposite roller means forming an accordion like folded band.
Particularly, the two said obstacle opposed to the two side of the said supporting plane consists of two substantially U-shaped frames, pivotally connected to the rotation shafts of said roller means and depending therefrom, by which the lower halves of said roller means are encompassed and interposed between said roller means and said supporting plane.
The said two frame shaped side obstacles are provided with means preventing the band from entering between themselves and the plane or the roller means consisting of releaved parts engaging corresponding grooves in the same supporting plane and in the roller means.
The said releaved parts on said frames consists of parallelepipedal blocks entering the corresponding grooves of the supporting plane and of the roller means.
Said parellelipipedal blocks are provided with cross cuts giving them a comb appearence.
Said roller means are supported by first lever arms having on second arms means adapted to counterweight the weight of said rollers.
Preferably said means adapted to oppose the weight of said rollers means consists of counterweight giving to said levers counterbalance moments slightly lower than those resulting from the weight of said roller means.
Alternatively, said means, adapted to counterbalance the weight of said roller means consist of springs adjusted so that counterbalance moments applied therefrom to said levers are slightly lower than those resulting from the weight of said roller means.
Preferably said frame shaped obstacle depending from the shafts of said roller means are provided with compression springs keeping said obstacles against a package of accordion like folded band already accumulated therebetween.
More preferably said frame shape obstacles are furthermore provided with stops preventing them from being removed bejond a certain distance from each other in order to keep constant the longitudinal size of the band lenghts forming the package.
According to a first embodiment of the invention the roller which are lifted by the band package being formed thereunder, when attain a certain height actuate controll means which cause the supporting plane on which said accordion like folded band package is formed to be gradually lowered.
Preferably, said controll means consists of at least a microswitch, actuated by the position taken by at least one of said rollers, controlling a gradual lowering of said supporting plane.
More preferably said at least one microswitch is actuated by the position taken by one of the arms of one of said levers supporting said rollers.
Still more preferably, one of the arms of said levers supports a member of adjustable lenght such as a bolt screwed onto a releaved part, which is brought from the position of the levers into engagement with the actuating element of a microswitch.
Alternatively, said microswitch can be secured to one arm of said lever and the member of adjustable lenght can be fastened to a releaved part connected to supporting structures of the machine.
Said guiding means positioned above said supporting plane consists of an assembly comprising at least a pair of moving rollers, tending to be abutted against each other, followed by two planar plates , parallel and spaced by an interval sufficient for the passing of a band to be guided , which can be oriented as desired towards one of the two side obstacle to have the band loop starting at the desired part.
Preferably said assembly of rollers and parallel plates is housed within a frame supported by a rotation shaft, actuated by motor means, in order to be orientable towards the selected one of the said obstacles.
More preferably said motor means for the orientation of said frame consists of an electromagnetic actuator.
Alternatively said motor means consist of a pneumatic actuator .
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention said motor means cause said guiding means to be oriented for the time necessary to bring the leading end of the band to be folded against the selected said obstacles and then are switched off to permit said guiding means to remain in a central position permitting alternated foldings of said band.
In order to complete the action of guiding and of bringing the band towards the supporting plane and said rollers, there is provided above the frame supporting the guiding means assembly at least a pair of rollers mutually abutting against each other and driven by a motor at the same peripheral speed as at least two rollers present in the assembly of guiding means.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, relating to the particular accordion-like folding of bands in fixed lenghts, said bands are provided with weakening lines at regular interval or length permitting the folding of said bands in lenghts in all equal to each other with a good tolerance with respect to the position of said obstacles and of the above positioned rollers with respect to the supporting planes.
Lastly said roller means consists of two cylindrical rollers driven in mutually opposed directions, to bring the band against said obstacles, at essentially equal speeds, provided with groups having shapes mating the shape of the combs provided on the obstacles positioned sidewise with respect to the supporting plane, and with areas coated with material promoting the adhesion of said band to said rollers.
More particularly, said material promoting the adhesion of the band to the rollers is an elastomeric material such as natural or synthetic rubber or flexible plastic materials.
The features and advantages of the invention, together with its further features and advantages shall be better understood from the following deatiled description of the preferred embodiment, to be not construed in limitating sense, with reference to the enclosed drawings in which:

fig. 1 is a front elevation view of a device embodiying the folding method of said band according to the present invention wherein the band begins to arrive in order to undergo the first folding in said device;
fig. 2 is an elevation view from the identical view point as figure 1 of the same folding device according to the present invention when part of a band package has been already formed onto the supporting plane;
fig. 3 is a side view along the line III-III of fig. 1 with part in cross section or removed to show several details of the invention.

Referring to the figures, it can be seen that a folding machine according to the invention consists of a supporting frame 10 composed by posts 12, 14, 15 and by cross bars, such as the cross bar 16 with can be seen in the figures 1 and 2, within which a supporting plane 18, two rotating cylindrical roller 20 and 22, two obstacle means 24 and 26 in form of Ushaped frames pivotted around axes 28 and 30 of said respective cylindrical rollers 20 and 22 and interposed with respective cross bars 25 and 27 between said rollers and said supporting plane 18 , are provided.
Particularly said U shaped frame 24 and 26 are provided with releaved parts such as the releaves 32 , 36, and 38 seen in the figures 1 and 2 , or the relieves 36 (a-e) and 38 (a-e) shown in figure 3, engaging corresponding grooves 40, 42, 44 and 46 or 44 (a-e) and 46 (a-e) shown the first ones in figures 1 and 2 and second ones in figure 3.
The said supporting plane 18 is mounted to a column 48 which is driven by whatever positioning means 50 to determine the position of the supporting plane 18 with respect to the cylindrical rollers 20 and 22, and to the U shaped frames 24 and 26.
The cylindrical rollers 20 and 22 are suspended with respect to the frame 10 and to the supporting plane 18 by means of two double levers 52 and 54 the first arms of which 56 and 58 support for the rotation said axes 28 and 30 of the cylindrical rollers 20 and 22 and are pivotally connected to the axis 60 and 62, from which the second arms 64 and 66, originate provided with counterweights 68 and 70 adapted to counterbalance, at least partially, the weight the cylindrical rollers 20 and 22. As particularly shown in the figures 1 and 2 , the second arm of the lever 52 comprises an adjustment screw or bolt 72 into engagement with a screw threaded hole of a releaved part 74 rigidly connected to said second arm in order to engage a microswitch 76 secured to the post 12 of the frame 10 for the hereinafter described function.
It is to be noted that the U shaped frames 24 and 26 are pivotally connected to the axes 28 and 30 of the cylindrical rollers 20 and 22 but are independent from the first arms 56 and 58 of the levers 52 and 54 from which are kept spaced, further by their weight tending to keep them in the vertical position, also by springs 78 and 80 compression acting between said first arms 56 and 58 and said U shaped frames 24 and 26, their displacements movements being moreover limited by stopping pins 82 and 84 connected to said frame 10 of the folding machine.
The two cylindrical rollers 20 and 22 are driven into rotation according to mutually opposed direction by means, such as electrical motors, 86 and 88 respectively, which through gears 90 and 92 and the transmission means 94 and 96, such as chains or toothed bellts, drive gears 98 and 100 connected rigidly to the axis 28 and 30 of said cylindrical rollers 20 and 22.
Considering now the initial guiding means of the band 102 , which preferably is a paper band, said means consists of a case 104 containing at least two flanges 106 and 108, a pair of upper pins 110 and 111 to which there are pivoted two pair of arms 112 and 114 supporting to cylindrical rollers 116 and 118 and maintained close to each other by elastic means, such as the spring 120, two planar guide plate 122 and 124 and a shaft 126 for the orientation of the whole case 104, which can be driven into movement by external motor means 128.
The paper band itself 102 coming from an outer supply, such as a coil (not shown) comes , after possible preliminary operations, such as the provision of holes along the edges and the provision of possible weakening lines at regular periodic lenghts to promote the folding of the band at the desired points, to a pair of actuated cylinders 130 and 132 by which said band is deviated towards the case 104 of the guiding means to bring it to distribution and folding which takes place in said folding machine of the present invention.
The two cylindrical rollers 20 and 22, further to have the grooves 40 and 44 illustrated in the figure 1 and 2, or the grooves 44 (a-e) shown for the cylindrical roller 22 in figure 3, are provided with areas of greater adherence 136a, 136b, 138a, 138b, 140a and 140 b (all shown in figure 3) which may consist of suitable rubber or plastic material ribbons fixed in proper groups provided in the periphery of cylindrical rollers 20 and 22.
The operation of the invention is as follows:
when a package of accordion like folded band is to be started, one end of the paper band 102 is directed from the case 104 towards the side of the supporting plane 18 at which the package must be started, for instance the side defined by the U shaped frame 26, by inclining the case 104 with the planar guide plates 122 and 124 directed towards said U shaped frame 26.
The end of the paper band 102 is downwardly advanced until it impinges against the supporting plane 18 and, owing to the pushing action of the pairs of the cylindrical rollers 116, 118 and 130 , 132 continues to slide onto said plane until it comes into contact with the cross bar 27 of the frame 26, which cannot be overcome by insertion under, owing to the releaves 38 (a-e), which are particularly shown in figure 3, preventing said band 102 from passing between the crossbar 27 and the plane 18.
Under the pushing action of the two aforesaid rollers pairs 116, 118 and 130 , 132 the band starts taking an arc shape according to an arc 150 which subsequently, owing to the fact that the case 104 leaves the position of figure 1 to take that of figure 2 with the planar guide plate 122 and 124 taking the orientation shown as 122a and 124a, becomes the loop 150a which, owing to the next advancing of the band, becomes the loop 150b which comes more and more close to the cylindrical roller 20 rotating in the direction indicated by the harrow 21 at a speed such that the peripheral speed of the roller is definitely higher than the advancing rate of the band 102.
When the loop 150b by expansion comes into contact with said roller 20, the latter has onto the band an effect similar to that of a hand flattening a folded sheet to originate a sharp fold in a desired point .
The loop 150b as a matter of fact is drawn by the roller 20 until it inpinges against the relieves 32 of the cross bar 25 of the U-shaped frame 24 providing in the band a sharp well flattened fold which , by the way, causes the curvature of the loop 150b to be inverted , being transformed into the arc 160 shown in figure 2.
Said arc owing to advancing of the band will be transformed then in a loop more and more curved becoming closed to the roller 22, rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow 23, until the latter takes it impinge against the relieves 36 (a-e) particularly shown in figure 3, undergoing again a sharp folding with inversion of the curvature into an arc 162 which will increase becoming a loop which that time will approach again the roller 20; said forming of arcs becoming loops and then inverting when the band 102 comes into contact against said rollers 20 and 22 is thus continued in alternated manner forming a package 166 of accordion like folded band between the two U shaped frames 24 and 26 sidewise limiting the supporting plane 18.
The lenght said of the package 166 and defined by the distance between the cross bars 25 and 27 of the U shaped frames 24 and 26 are kept essentially constant on the whole package since, allthough the rotation of the level 52 and 54 in order to raise the rollers 20 and 22 should cause the two U shaped frames 24 and 26 to be removed from each other, however the action of the compression springs 78 and 80 compensate said removal and lastly the presence of the stopping pins 82 and 84 finally limits the displacement outwardly of the U shaped frames 24 and 26.
The said package 166 grows by occuping the space between the rollers 20 and 22 and the supporting plane 18 and , when said space is fully occupied, owing to the fact that the band is continuously drawn under the two said rollers 20 against the cross bars 25 and 27, the package causes the rollers 20 and 22 to be raised the counterweight 68 and 70 provided on the supporting levers 52 and 54 counterbalancing the rollers 20 and 22.
The height of said packaged 166 increases until the screw 72 screwed within a relief 74 rigidly connected to the arm 64 of the lever 52 actuates the microswitch 76 thus controlling positioning means 50 by which the supporting column 48 of the supporting plane 18 is gradually lowered whereby a further growth of the package 166 is permitted.
The growth of the package 166 is continued until, in any manner, it is completed and consequently the band 102 is cut whereby its folding to form said packages is stopped.
The packaged 166, once completed, is removed from the supporting plane 18 and delivered to further packaging processing, for the storage or delivery.
The above in only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it will be obvious that all equivalent means to realize the component of the invention are to be considered as hereby covered such as, for example the use of calibrated springs instead of the counterweight 68 and 70, the use of also a second microswitch to signal also the raising of the roller 20 instead of only one microswitch 76 to signal the raising of the roller 20 and, instead of the column 48 and of the positioning means 50 to lower or raise the supporting plane 18 a threaded shaft actuated by a reducing gear motor unit and into engagement within a threaded hole passing in a suitable position through the supporting plane 18 might by used.

Claims

Method for folding at high speed a paper sheet or a sheet of whatever laminate of similar consistency, wherein said sheet (102) is advanced and contacts a first fixed obstacle (26), begins to take an arc shape (150;160), forming an increasingly narroever loop (150a, 150b) as the sheet (102) is pushed against the first obstacle (26), whereby , if said loop near the apex thereof is carried by a first roller (20), the peripheral speed of which is higher than the advancing speed of the sheet, and is made to impinge against a second fixed obstacle (24), being engaged with the first roller (20) surface so that it cannot be overcome by the sheet (102), said loop is definitely pinched whereby the sheet (102) takes a straight and sharp fold line and subsequently this sharp folding line, by remaining abutted against said second obstacle (24) into engagement with the first roller (20), acts as a stop whereby the sheet (102) continuously advancing is formed as an arc shape (160) in the opposite direction with respect to the preceeding one (150; 160), the loop of which is more and more narrowed, as the sheet advanced, being removed from the second obstacle (24) until the loop near its apex is carried by a second roller (22), the peripheral speed of which is higher than the advancing speed of the sheet (102) and is compelled to impinge against the first fixed obstacle (26), into engagement with the surface of said second roller (22), whereby it cannot be overcome by the sheet (102), said loop being sharply pinched, thus giving to the sheet (102) a straight folding line which , by remaining into abuttment against said first obstacle (26) engaged with the second roller (22), acts as a stop inverting the arc formed by the sheet which at the very end take a zig-zag configuration forming the desired accordion like folding.
Folding machine for the carrying out of the method of claim 1, for the folding of a sheet in form of a continuous band (102), and comprising a supporting plane (18), above which guiding means (104) are provided for the sheet or band (102) and alternatively guiding said band (102) when it is introduced in order to have it inpinging against a first or a second said obstacle (24, 26) each them limitating one of the two opposite sides of said supporting plane (18), above said first and second obstacle (24, 26) there being provided roller means rotating at a speed such that their peripheral speed is higher than the advancing rate of the band (102) whereby a loop (150) generated in said band owing to the abutting thereof against that (26) of the two obstacle towards which it is initially guided by said guiding means (104) is dragged by that of the roller means (20) opposite with respect to said obstacle (26) against the opposide obstacle (24) which is engaged with said roller means (20) to prevent the band (102) from passing under the same (102), forming in the band itself a straight and sharp fold which causes the direction of loop formation of the sheet to be inverted, whereby it is brought towards the opposite of said roller means (22) and the forming of said sharp and straight folds is continuously alternated between the two opposite roller means (20, 22) forming an accordion like folded band.
Folding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the two said obstacle opposed to the two sides of the said supporting plane (18) consists of two substantially U-shaped frames , pivotally connected to the rotation shafts (28, 30) of said roller means (20, 22) and depending therefrom, by which the lower halves of said roller means (20, 22) are encompassed and interposed between said roller means and said supporting plane (18).
Folding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that said two frame shaped side obstacles (24, 26) are provided with means (32, 34, 36, 38) preventing the band (102) from entering between themselves and plane (18) or the roller means (20, 22) consisting of releaved parts engaging corresponding grooves (40, 42, 44, 46) in the same supporting plane (18) and in the roller means (20, 22).
Folding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that said releaved parts (32, 34, 36, 38) on said obstacles (24, 26) consist of parallelepipedal blocks entering the corresponding grooves (40, 42, 44, 46) of the supporting plane (18) and of the roller means (20, 22).
Folding machine, according to claim 5, characterized in that said parellelipipedal blocks are provided with crossing cuts giving them a comb appearence.
Folding machine, according to claim 2, characterized in that said roller means (20, 22) are supported by first arms (56, 58) of first class levers (52, 54) having on second arms (64, 66) means counterweighing the weight of said rollers (20, 22).
Folding machine, according to claim 7, characterized in that said means opposing the weight of said rollers means (20, 22) consists of counterweights (68, 70) giving to said levers (52, 54) counterbalance moments slightly lower than those resulting from the weight of said roller means (20, 22).
Folding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that said means, counterbalancing the weight of said roller means (20, 22), consist of springs adjusted so that counterbalancing moments applied therefrom to the said levers (52, 54) are slightly lower than those resulting from the weight of said roller means (20, 22).
Folding machine, according to claims 3 and 7, characterized in that said frame shaped obstacles (24, 26) depending from the shafts (28, 30) of said roller means (20, 22) are provided with compression springs (78, 80) keeping said obstacles (24, 26) against a package (166) of an accordion-like folded band already accumulated therebetween.
Folding machine, according to claim 10, characterized in that said frame shaped obstacles (24, 26) are furthermore provided with stops (82, 84) preventing them from being removed beyond a certain distance from each other in order to keep constant the longitudinal size of the band lenghts forming the package (166).
Folding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the rollers (20, 22) which are lifted by the band package (166) being formed thereunder, when attain a certain height actuate control means (76) which cause the supporting plane (18) on which said accordion-like folded band package (166) is formed to be gradually lowered.
Folding machine according to claim 12, characterized in that said control means consists of at least a microswitch (76) actuated by the position taken by at least one of said rollers (20, 22) controlling a gradual lowering of said supporting plane (18).
Folding machine according to claim 13, characterized in that said at least one microswitch (76) is actuated by the position taken by one of the arms (64, 66) of one of said levers (52, 54) supporting said rollers (20,22).
Folding machine,, according to claim 14, characterized in that one of the arms (64, 66) of said levers (52, 54) supports a member of adjustable lenght (72) such as a bolt screwed onto a releaved part (74), which is brought from the position of the levers (52, 54) into engagement with the actuating element of the microswitch (76).
Folding machine, according to claim 14, characterized in that said microswitch (76) can be secured to one arm (64, 66) of said lever (52, 54) and the member of adjustable lenght (72) can be fastened to a releaved part connected to a supporting structure of the machine.
Folding machine, according to claim 2, characterized in that said guiding means positioned above said supporting plane (18) consists of an assembly comprising at least a pair of moving rollers (116, 118), tending to be abutted against each other, followed by two planar plates (122, 124) , parallel and spaced by an interval sufficient for the passing of the band (102) to be guided , which can be oriented as desired towards one of the two side obstacle (24, 26) to have the band loop starting at the desired side.
Folding machine, according to claim 17, characterized in that said assembly of rollers and parallel plates is housed within a frame (104) supported by a rotation shaft (126), actuated by motor means (128), in order to be orientable towards the selected one of the said obstacles (24, 26).
Folding machine, according to claim 18, characterized in that said motor means (128) for the orientation of said frame (104) consists of an electromagnetic actuator.
Folding machine, according to claim 18, characterized in that said motor means (128) consist of a pneumatic actuator.
Folding machine, according to claim 17, characterized in that said motor means (128) cause said guiding means to be oriented for the time necessary to bring the leading end of the band (102) to be folded against the selected said obstacles (24, 26) and then are switched off to permits said guiding means to remain in a central position permitting alternated foldings of said band (102).
Folding machine, according to clail 17, characterized in that in order to complete the action of guiding and of bringing the band (102) towards the supporting plane (18) and said rollers (20, 22), there is provided above the frame (104) supporting the guiding means assembly at least a pair of rollers (130, 132) mutually abutting against each other and driven by a motor at the same peripheral speed as at least the two rollers (116, 118) present in the assembly of guiding means.
Folding machine, according to claim 2, particularly preferred relating to the particular accordion like folding of bands (102) in fixed lenghts, characterized in that said bands (102) are provided with weakening lines at regular interval or length permitting the folding of said bands (102) in lenghts in all equal to each other with a good tolerance with respect to the position of the said obstacles (24, 26) and of the above positioned rollers (20, 22) with respect to the supporting planes (18).
Folding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that said roller means (20, 22) consists of two cylindrical rollers driven in mutually opposed directions, to bring the band against said obstacles (24, 26), at essentially equal speeds, provided with grooves, (40, 44) having shapes mating the shape of the combs (32, 36) provided on the obstacles (24, 26) positioned sidewise with respect to the supporting plane (18), and with areas (136-140) coated with material promoting the adhesion of said band (102) to said rollers (20, 22).
Folding machine, according to claim 24, characterized in that said material promoting the adhesion of the band to the rollers (20, 22) is an elastomeric material such as natural or synthetic rubber or flexible plastic materials.