EP0364009A2 - Distribution pour distribuer des liquides cryogéniques - Google Patents

Distribution pour distribuer des liquides cryogéniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0364009A2
EP0364009A2 EP89122730A EP89122730A EP0364009A2 EP 0364009 A2 EP0364009 A2 EP 0364009A2 EP 89122730 A EP89122730 A EP 89122730A EP 89122730 A EP89122730 A EP 89122730A EP 0364009 A2 EP0364009 A2 EP 0364009A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dispenser
valve
tube
vessel
cryogenic liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89122730A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0364009A3 (fr
EP0364009B1 (fr
Inventor
Jeremy Paul Miller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Original Assignee
Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB8804760A external-priority patent/GB2215446B/en
Application filed by Air Products and Chemicals Inc filed Critical Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority to EP89122730A priority Critical patent/EP0364009B1/fr
Priority to AT89122730T priority patent/ATE103379T1/de
Publication of EP0364009A2 publication Critical patent/EP0364009A2/fr
Publication of EP0364009A3 publication Critical patent/EP0364009A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0364009B1 publication Critical patent/EP0364009B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/006—Adding fluids for preventing deformation of filled and closed containers or wrappers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0304—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using an electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/038—Detecting leaked fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
    • F17C2270/059—Mass bottling, e.g. merry belts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a dispenser for dispensing slugs of cryogenic liquid to bottles or cans on a bottling or canning line and to a method for dispensing slugs of cryogenic liquid from such a dispenser.
  • cryogenic liquid is supplied via a dispenser tube which is mounted on the bottom of a highly insulated vessel which contains the cryogenic liquid.
  • the flow of cryogenic liquid is controlled by a long rod which extends from a solenoid mounted on top of the vessel, through the vessel to a valve mounted on the top of the dispenser tube.
  • the present invention provides a dispenser for dispensing slugs of cryogenic liquid to bottles or cans on a bottling or canning line, which dispenser comprises a vessel for holding cryogenic liquid, a dispenser tube mounted on said vessel, a valve associated with said dispenser tube and operable, in use, to allow or inhibit the flow of cryogenic liquid from said vessel, and means which are wholly contained within said vessel for opening and closing said valve, characterized in that said means are capable of opening and closing said valve at least 600 times per minute.
  • said means for opening and closing said valve comprises a permanent magnet connected to said valve, and a coil circumjacent said permanent magnet and arranged to receive, in use, direct current.
  • a globule of liquid nitrogen remains in the dispenser tube after each injection due to surface tension. If the canning or bottling line is stopped for any reason part of the globule evaporates. The vapour thus formed collects between the valve and the globule and ejects the globule downwardly. If a can or bottle is below the dispenser tube at the time it thus receives more liquid nitrogen than intended. If the canning or bottling line is restarted soon after this happens the can or bottle can be sealed whilst it contains excess nitrogen. Because of the 700:1 volumetric expansion when liquid nitrogen evaporates this can be followed by the can or bottle closure being blown off or, in some cases, the can or bottle breaking or exploding.
  • dispensers in accordance with the present invention are preferably provided with a gas relief tube which communicates with said dispenser tube between the valve and the outlet of the dispenser tube.
  • the gas relief tube is arranged to relieve gas from said dispenser tube into said dispenser, preferably at a level which, when said dispenser is in use, is above the level of the cryogenic liquid in said vessel.
  • the present invention also provides a method for dispensing slugs of cryogenic liquid from a dispenser according to the invention, characterized in that said method comprises the steps of opening and closing said valve at least 600 times per minute.
  • said method includes the step of opening and closing said valve at a rate greater than 1000 cycles per minute.
  • a dispenser which is generally identified by reference numeral 1.
  • the dispenser 1 comprises a vacuum insulated vessel 2.
  • An inlet conduit or pipe 3 extends downwardly through the vacuum insulated vessel 2 to a float valve 4.
  • a vent pipe 5 extends upwardly from the vacuum insulated vessel 2 and is provided with a sensor 6 which is arranged to close safety valve 7 in pipe 3 if liquid is detected in the vent pipe 5.
  • a dispenser head 8 is mounted on the bottom of the vacuum insulated vessel 2.
  • the dispenser head 8 is provided with a central bore 9 which is disposed circumjacent and in intimate thermal contact with a dispenser tube 10 which extends downwardly from the inside of the vacuum insulated vessel 2.
  • the dispenser head 8 is provided with a heater 11 which can be connected to a source of electric power via wires 12 and 13.
  • the upper end of the dispenser tube 10 can be opened or closed by means of a tapered valve 14 which is biased downwardly by a spring 15.
  • the tapered valve member 14 is connected to a permanent magnet 16 disposed in a coil 17 which, when actuated by a DC current in one sense, raises the tapered valve member 14 to open the upper end of the dispenser tube 10.
  • the DC field is reversed the tapered valve member 14 is driven down.
  • a gas relief tube 18 extends from a position in the dispenser tube 10 between the tapered valve member 14 and the outlet of the dispenser tube 10 and opens in the vacuum insulated vessel 2 above the float valve 4.
  • safety valve 7 is opened and liquid nitrogen flows into the interior of the vacuum insulated vessel 2 through pipe 3 until it reaches level 19 when the float valve 4 closes. Vapour leaves the vacuum insulated vessel 2 via the vent pipe 5.
  • Power is applied to heater 11 to warm the dispenser head 8.
  • the heater 11 transmits sufficient heat such that a film of gas is formed on the inner surface of the dispenser tube 10.
  • This acts as an insulating and lubricating barrier which permits individual slugs of liquid nitrogen to pass downwardly through the dispenser tube 10.
  • the liquid nitrogen emerges from the bottom of the dispenser tube 10 in the form of slugs of liquid with negligible or little dispersion compared with the prior art.
  • Vapour in the dispenser tube 10 rises through the gas relief tube 18 into the vacuum insulated vessel 2 and thence to vent pipe 5.
  • the power input to the heater 11 depends on the frequency with which the coil 17 is actuated and the volume of liquid nitrogen being released with each operation.
  • the coil 17 is first operated at the desired frequency with the level of liquid nitrogen in the vacuum insulated vessel 2 being maintained substantially constant by float valve 4.
  • the nitrogen leaves the bottom of the dispenser tube 10 in the form of a diffuse atomized cone, i.e., in the form common to the prior art. Power is then applied to heater 11 slowly to allow for the heat capacity of the dispenser head 8.
  • a single dispenser may be capable of delivering discrete slugs of liquid nitrogen to as many as 2000 bottles per minute on a high speed bottling line.
  • Liquid nitrogen slugs having an average volume of 0.037 cc were dispensed at a rate of 600 slugs/minute through a dispenser tube made of brass and having a nominal external diameter of 5 mm and a nominal internal diameter of 3 mm.
  • the dispenser head 8 was made from high purity copper.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP89122730A 1988-02-29 1989-01-30 Distribution pour distribuer des liquides cryogéniques Expired - Lifetime EP0364009B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89122730A EP0364009B1 (fr) 1988-02-29 1989-01-30 Distribution pour distribuer des liquides cryogéniques
AT89122730T ATE103379T1 (de) 1988-02-29 1989-01-30 Ausgabegeraet zum zapfen von kryogenen fluessigkeiten.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8804760A GB2215446B (en) 1988-02-29 1988-02-29 Dispenser for dispensing cryogenic fluid
GB8804760 1988-02-29
EP89122730A EP0364009B1 (fr) 1988-02-29 1989-01-30 Distribution pour distribuer des liquides cryogéniques

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89300891A Division EP0331287B1 (fr) 1988-02-29 1989-01-30 Distributeur pour distribuer des liquides cryogéniques
EP89300891.2 Division 1989-01-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0364009A2 true EP0364009A2 (fr) 1990-04-18
EP0364009A3 EP0364009A3 (fr) 1991-03-27
EP0364009B1 EP0364009B1 (fr) 1994-03-23

Family

ID=26120833

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89122730A Expired - Lifetime EP0364009B1 (fr) 1988-02-29 1989-01-30 Distribution pour distribuer des liquides cryogéniques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0364009B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE103379T1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2688469A1 (fr) * 1992-03-16 1993-09-17 Air Liquide Dispositif d'injection sequencee d'une dose de liquide cryogenique.
FR2765661A1 (fr) * 1997-07-07 1999-01-08 Air Liquide Appareil et vanne cryogenique pour la fourniture d'un liquide cryogenique, et installation correspondante de conditionnement d'un produit

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4407340A (en) * 1980-12-18 1983-10-04 Reynolds Metals Company Container pressurization system
US4469304A (en) * 1980-04-15 1984-09-04 Kah Jr Carl L C Pulse actuated solenoid valve

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4469304A (en) * 1980-04-15 1984-09-04 Kah Jr Carl L C Pulse actuated solenoid valve
US4407340A (en) * 1980-12-18 1983-10-04 Reynolds Metals Company Container pressurization system

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2688469A1 (fr) * 1992-03-16 1993-09-17 Air Liquide Dispositif d'injection sequencee d'une dose de liquide cryogenique.
FR2765661A1 (fr) * 1997-07-07 1999-01-08 Air Liquide Appareil et vanne cryogenique pour la fourniture d'un liquide cryogenique, et installation correspondante de conditionnement d'un produit
EP0893347A1 (fr) * 1997-07-07 1999-01-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Vanne cryogenique pour une installation de conditionnement d'un produit
US6047553A (en) * 1997-07-07 2000-04-11 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus and cryogenic valve for the delivery of a cryogenic liquid, and corresponding plant for packaging a product

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0364009A3 (fr) 1991-03-27
ATE103379T1 (de) 1994-04-15
EP0364009B1 (fr) 1994-03-23

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