EP0363933A1 - Internal-combustion engine starter with an integrated electronic power circuit - Google Patents

Internal-combustion engine starter with an integrated electronic power circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363933A1
EP0363933A1 EP89118905A EP89118905A EP0363933A1 EP 0363933 A1 EP0363933 A1 EP 0363933A1 EP 89118905 A EP89118905 A EP 89118905A EP 89118905 A EP89118905 A EP 89118905A EP 0363933 A1 EP0363933 A1 EP 0363933A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
starter
vehicle
ignition lock
current
power circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89118905A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0363933B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Käsmeier
Christian Ertl
Karl-Michael Knoll
Günter Watzinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication of EP0363933A1 publication Critical patent/EP0363933A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/10—Safety devices
    • F02N11/101—Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement
    • F02N11/103—Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement according to the vehicle transmission or clutch status

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a starter of a motor vehicle with a magnetic switch for switching the starter current on and off, the magnetic switch being operatively connected to the ignition lock of the motor vehicle.
  • Such a starter or starter of a motor vehicle is well known.
  • the magnetic switch inside the starter is activated via the ignition lock. This activation results in two processes. One is that the pinion in the starter is engaged in the gear on the flywheel. The other process consists in switching on a starter current which drives the motor connected to the pinion and thus initiates the starting process.
  • the magnetic switch is connected to the battery via the vehicle's ignition lock. This creates long lines with a large cross-section from the battery via the ignition lock to the starter. These lines are not secured, cause high interference fields and a high loss line and increase the vehicle weight. In addition, the ignition lock must be carried out in a heavy and complex design to be able to switch the current for the starter magnetic switch safely.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to design a starter of the type mentioned in such a way that a simpler construction of the ignition lock and the use of leads with a small cross section are possible.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by power electronics integrated in the starter, via whose output current the magnetic switch can be controlled and whose control input is connected to the ignition lock via a control line.
  • the result of this measure is that the relatively high operating current which the magnetic switch requires is not passed through the ignition lock. This ensures that there are only short cable routes with large, unsecured cable cross-sections. This has the advantage of saving weight, reducing the risk of short-circuiting and reducing interference fields when starting the starter.
  • the ignition lock can be constructed more simply since it does not have high currents must switch. This results in a reduction in costs, a reduction in weight and an increase in durability.
  • power electronics integrated in the starter is intended to encompass all mounting options which are suitable for keeping the electrical connection between the magnetic switch and the power electronics as short as possible. This also includes control components attached to the starter housing or in the immediate vicinity of the starter.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that an electronic control unit is switched on between the control input of the power electronics and the ignition lock, from which the actuation of the magnetic switch can be controlled in accordance with a predetermined starter actuation routine as a function of current operating states of the vehicle.
  • the starter actuation may be too early because, for example in a diesel car, the preheating has not yet ended.
  • starter actuation via the control unit can be prevented when the engine is already running or when the gear is engaged and the clutch is not actuated.
  • the control unit can also be used to intervene in the duration of the starting process, in that it is only ended when the engine idling speed has been reached. The control device thus effectively prevents possible incorrect actuation of the starter.
  • the starter is actuated only in a permissible vehicle and engine operating state.
  • the optimized starter actuation period improves the battery charge balance.
  • the operational safety of manual gearboxes is increased, since actuation of the starter can be prevented when the engine and transmission are locked.
  • the lifespan of the starter pinion and the ring gear is also increased, since starting with the engine running is not possible.
  • the starting process only lasts until the engine runs safely itself and on the other hand prevents the starting process from taking longer than is necessary to reach the idling speed of the engine.
  • there are also advantages in the so-called start-stop operation of the vehicle in that the control functions required for this can simply be included in the control program of the control unit.
  • 1 denotes a starter, which is shown as a block.
  • the starter 1 is shown broken down into sub-blocks, of which the first sub-block symbolizes the mechanical part 3 of the starter consisting essentially of the pinion, the ring gear, the drive motor etc.
  • the second sub-block symbolizes a magnetic switch 5, with the aid of which the mechanical part is coupled to the motor and the drive motor of the pinion is operated.
  • the third sub-block symbolizes power electronics 7, the output current of which drives the magnetic switch 5.
  • the line electronics 7 has a control input 9, which is connected via a control line 11 to the ignition lock 13 of the motor vehicle.
  • the control line 11 is not continuous, but an electronic control unit 15 is switched on between the control input 9 of the line electronics 7 and the ignition lock 13.
  • Information lines 17a to 17c lead to the control unit 15 and supply the control unit 15 with additional information about the operating state of the motor vehicle.
  • the speed of the engine is communicated via the information line 17a, for example, via the information line 17b whether a gear is engaged, and via the information line 17c the duration of the preheating with a glow plug.
  • control device 15 which is optionally available, will be explained later with reference to FIG. 2. It is essential that the power electronics 7 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic switch 5. This only requires the control line 11 to direct the start request to the starter 1 from the ignition lock 13.
  • the control line 11 can be designed with a thin cross section, since it only has to transmit one control signal.
  • the ignition lock 13 can be carried out in a simple construction, which results in a cost reduction, a weight reduction and an increase in durability. Due to the arrangement of the power electronics 7 in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic switch 5, only very short line paths with a large, unsecured line cross section are available. This in turn has the weight saving already mentioned, the reduction of the short-circuit risk and the reduction of interference fields when the starter is actuated.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart which represents an example of the mode of operation of the control device 15.
  • the flow chart begins at block 20 which symbolizes the start of the starter actuation routine.
  • the first thing that is monitored in the starter actuation routine is whether the ignition lock 13 is switched on. This is indicated by a second block 22. If the ignition lock 13 is not switched on, the signal "starter-off" is sent directly to a starter-off block 24 via the control line 11. From there, the flowchart leads to its end from where the interrogation of the start routine block 20 is repeated by the presence of a switch-on signal from the ignition lock or - if necessary - is repeated automatically on the basis of a predetermined time program or the like.
  • a pre-glow block 26 is queried - only in the case of diesel vehicles - whether the pre-glow phase of the diesel car has ended. If this is not the case, control is passed to the starter-off block 24 and the starter actuation routine is repeated due to the presence of a new switch-on signal from the ignition lock or - if necessary with a certain time delay - repeated automatically. If, on the other hand, the preheating has ended, the logic query on the speed of the vehicle is carried out in speed block 28. There the speed of the vehicle is compared with a limit speed. If the vehicle rolls faster than the limit speed, the system switches through to the starter-off block 24 and prevents a starting process.
  • the next step is to control a speed block 30 which checks whether the engine is stopped. If the engine is still rotating, ie if it is unfavorable for the starter to be engaged, the system switches to starter-off block 24. If, on the other hand, the speed is zero or close to zero, the next block, a clutch block 32, is activated.
  • a control signal is sent to the power electronics 7 via a starter-in block 34 via the control line 11.
  • the engine is started. If, on the other hand, the clutch is not actuated, a transmission block 36 is used to query whether the transmission is in a neutral position. If this is not the case, the system switches directly to the starter-off block 24 and prevents a starting process. If, on the other hand, the transmission is in a neutral position, the starter-in block 34 is activated, whereupon the power electronics 7 are activated.
  • the starter-on block 34 is connected to an idling speed block 38 in order to switch off the running starter precisely. There it is checked whether the engine has already reached idling speed. If this is not the case, the request signal for actuating the starter continues to be fed to the starter-on block 34 via a loop. If, on the other hand, the idling speed n LL has been reached, a control signal is emitted from the idling speed block 38 to the starter-off block 24 in order to end the starting process. The end 40 of the start actuation routine is thus reached and a smooth starting process is ensured.
  • the electronic control device 15 thus allows both the optimal triggering and the termination of the starting process.
  • the electronic control unit 15 can be designed, for example, as a digital engine electronics or diesel electronics control unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Abstract

Motor-vehicle starter with an integrated electronic power circuit which is provided with an electromagnetic switch for switching the starter current on and off. The electromagnetic switch is in operative connection with the ignition lock of the motor vehicle. Integrated into the starter there is, according to the invention, an electronic power circuit via the output current of which the electromagnetic switch is directly controlled. Leading from the ignition lock to the electronic power circuit there is thus now only one control lead, which can be of a design with a small cross-section. The ignition lock now only need a small control current to switch, as a result of which it can be of structurally simple design. An advantageous further development envisages the addition of an electronic control unit which carries out the actuation of the electromagnetic switch as a function of current operating states of the vehicle. Thus, for example, switching on of the starter current can be prevented if preheating in a diesel vehicle has not yet ended, the vehicle is moving, a gear has been engaged or the engine is running.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Starter eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem Magnetschalter zum Ein- und Ausschalten des Starterstroms, wobei der Magnetschalter in Wirkverbindung mit dem Zündschloß des Kraftfahrzeugs steht.The invention relates to a starter of a motor vehicle with a magnetic switch for switching the starter current on and off, the magnetic switch being operatively connected to the ignition lock of the motor vehicle.

Ein solcher Starter oder Anlasser eines Kraftfahrzeugs ist hinreichend bekannt. Der Magnetschalter innerhalb des Starters wird über das Zündschloß aktiviert. Diese Aktivierung hat zwei Vorgänge zur Folge. Einer besteht darin, daß das im Starter befindliche Ritzel in das Zahnrad am Schwungrad eingespurt wird. Der andere Vorgang besteht darin, daß ein Starterstrom zugeschaltet wird, der den mit dem Ritzel verbundenen Motor antreibt und so den Startvorgang ein­leitet.Such a starter or starter of a motor vehicle is well known. The magnetic switch inside the starter is activated via the ignition lock. This activation results in two processes. One is that the pinion in the starter is engaged in the gear on the flywheel. The other process consists in switching on a starter current which drives the motor connected to the pinion and thus initiates the starting process.

Der Magentschalter ist über das Zündschloß des Fahrzeugs mit der Batterie verbunden. Dadurch entstehen lange Leitungswege mit einem hohen Querschnitt von der Batterie über das Zündschloß zu dem Starter. Diese Leitungswege sind nicht abgesichert, verursachen hohe Störfelder und eine hohe Verlustleitung und erhöhen das Fahrzeuggewicht. Außerdem muß das Zündschloß in schwerer und aufwendiger Bauweise ausgeführt werden, um den Strom für den Starter-Magnetschalter sicher schalten zu können.The magnetic switch is connected to the battery via the vehicle's ignition lock. This creates long lines with a large cross-section from the battery via the ignition lock to the starter. These lines are not secured, cause high interference fields and a high loss line and increase the vehicle weight. In addition, the ignition lock must be carried out in a heavy and complex design to be able to switch the current for the starter magnetic switch safely.

Der Erfindung leigt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Starter der eingangs ge­nannten Art so auszugestalten, daß eine einfachere Bauweise des Zündschlosses und der Einsatz von Zuleitungen mit kleinem Querschnitt möglich sind.The invention is therefore based on the object to design a starter of the type mentioned in such a way that a simpler construction of the ignition lock and the use of leads with a small cross section are possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine in den Starter integrierte Leistungselektronik gelöst, über deren Ausgangsstrom der Magnetschalter an­steuerbar ist und deren Steuereingang über eine Steuerleitung mit dem Zünd­schloß in Verbindung steht. Diese Maßnahme hat zur Folge, daß der relativ hohe Arbeitsstrom, den der Magnetschalter benötigt, nicht über das Zündschloß geleitet wird. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß nur kurze Leitungswege mit großen, nicht abgesicherten Leitungsquerschnitten vorhanden sind. Dies bringt den Vorteil einer Gewichtsersparnis, einer Reduktions des Kurzschlußrisikos und der Verringerung von Störfeldern bei der Starterbetätigung mit sich. Außerdem kann das Zündschloß einfacher konstruiert sein, da es keine hohen Ströme schalten muß. Dadurch wird eine Kostenreduktion, eine Gewichtsreduktion und eine Erhöhung der Dauerhaltbarkeit erreicht.This object is achieved according to the invention by power electronics integrated in the starter, via whose output current the magnetic switch can be controlled and whose control input is connected to the ignition lock via a control line. The result of this measure is that the relatively high operating current which the magnetic switch requires is not passed through the ignition lock. This ensures that there are only short cable routes with large, unsecured cable cross-sections. This has the advantage of saving weight, reducing the risk of short-circuiting and reducing interference fields when starting the starter. In addition, the ignition lock can be constructed more simply since it does not have high currents must switch. This results in a reduction in costs, a reduction in weight and an increase in durability.

Über das Zündschloß wird lediglich noch ein Steuersignal zur Startanforderung an die Leistungselektronik geschickt. In diesem einfachen Fall steuert die Startan­forderung direkt die Leistungselektronik am oder im Starter. Die Formulierung "in den Starter integrierte Leistungselektronik" soll sämtliche Anbaumöglichkeiten umfassen, die geeignet sind, die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Magnetschalter und der Leistungselektronik möglichst kurz zu halten. Es sind also auch am Startergehäuse oder in unmittelbarer Nähe des Star­ters angebrachte Leitstungsbausteine mit eingeschlossen.Only a control signal for the start request is sent to the power electronics via the ignition lock. In this simple case, the start request directly controls the power electronics on or in the starter. The wording "power electronics integrated in the starter" is intended to encompass all mounting options which are suitable for keeping the electrical connection between the magnetic switch and the power electronics as short as possible. This also includes control components attached to the starter housing or in the immediate vicinity of the starter.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß zwischen den Steuereingang der Leistungselektronik und das Zündschloß ein elektronisches Steuergerät eingeschaltet ist, von welchem das Betätigen des Magentschalters entsprechend einer vorgegebenen Starterbetätigungsroutine in Abhängigkeit von aktuellen Betriebszuständen des Fahrzeugs steuerbar ist. Beispielsweise kann die Starterbetätigung zu früh sein, weil z.B. bei einem Diesel-PKW das Vorglühen noch nicht beendet ist. Ferner kann eine Starterbe­tätigung über das Steuergerät bei schon laufendem Motor oder bei eingelegtem Gang und nicht betätigter Kupplung verhindert werden. Auch kann über das Steuergerät in die Dauer des Anlaßvorgangs eingegriffen werden, indem dieser erst beendet wird, wenn die Leerlaufdrehzahl des Motors erreicht ist. Durch das Steuergerät werden somit mögliche Fehlbetätigungen des Starters wirkungsvoll verhindert. Die Starterbetätigung erfolgt nur in einem zulässigen Fahrzeug- und Motor-Betriebszustand. Es wird durch die optimierte Starterbetätigungsdauer eine Verbesserung der Batterie-Ladebilanz erreicht. Die Betriebssicherheit von Hand­schaltfahrzeugen wird erhöht, da ein Betätigen des Starters bei Kraftschluß zwischen Motor und Getriebe verhindert werden kann. Weiterhin wird die Lebens­dauer des Starter-Ritzels und des Zahnkranzes erhöht, da ein Starten bei laufendem Motor nicht möglich ist. Ferner dauert der Anlaßvorgang nur so lange, bis der Motor sicher selbst läuft und wird andererseits verhindert, daß der Anlaßvorgang länger dauert, als bis zum Erreichen der Leerlaufdrehzahl des Motors erforderlich. Schließlich ergeben sich noch Vorteile beim sogenannten Start-Stop-Betrieb des Fahrzeugs, indem die dazu benötigten Steuerfunktionen einfach in das Steuerprogramm des Steuergerätes einbezogen werden können.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that an electronic control unit is switched on between the control input of the power electronics and the ignition lock, from which the actuation of the magnetic switch can be controlled in accordance with a predetermined starter actuation routine as a function of current operating states of the vehicle. For example, the starter actuation may be too early because, for example in a diesel car, the preheating has not yet ended. Furthermore, starter actuation via the control unit can be prevented when the engine is already running or when the gear is engaged and the clutch is not actuated. The control unit can also be used to intervene in the duration of the starting process, in that it is only ended when the engine idling speed has been reached. The control device thus effectively prevents possible incorrect actuation of the starter. The starter is actuated only in a permissible vehicle and engine operating state. The optimized starter actuation period improves the battery charge balance. The operational safety of manual gearboxes is increased, since actuation of the starter can be prevented when the engine and transmission are locked. The lifespan of the starter pinion and the ring gear is also increased, since starting with the engine running is not possible. Furthermore, the starting process only lasts until the engine runs safely itself and on the other hand prevents the starting process from taking longer than is necessary to reach the idling speed of the engine. Finally, there are also advantages in the so-called start-stop operation of the vehicle in that the control functions required for this can simply be included in the control program of the control unit.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Beschreibung eines Ausführungs­beispiels und der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein Blockschaltbild zum Starter mit integrierter Leitungselektronik und
  • Fig. 2 ein Flußdiagramm zur Arbeitsweise des elektronischen Steuergerätes.
The invention is explained below on the basis of the description of an exemplary embodiment and the drawing. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the starter with integrated line electronics and
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the operation of the electronic control unit.

In Figur 1 ist mit 1 ein Starter bezeichnet, der als Block dargestellt ist. Der Starter 1 ist in Teilblöcke zerlegt gezeigt, von welchen der erste Teilblock den im wesentlichen aus dem Ritzel, dem Zahnkranz, dem Antriebsmotor etc. be­stehenden mechanischen Teil 3 des Starters symbolisiert. Der zweite Teilblock symbolisiert einen Magnetschalter 5, mit dessen Hilfe der mechanische Teil an den Motor angekoppelt wird und der Antriebsmotor des Ritzels betrieben wird. Der dritte Teilblock symbolisiert eine Leistungselektronik 7, deren Ausgangsstrom den Magnetschalter 5 ansteuert.In Figure 1, 1 denotes a starter, which is shown as a block. The starter 1 is shown broken down into sub-blocks, of which the first sub-block symbolizes the mechanical part 3 of the starter consisting essentially of the pinion, the ring gear, the drive motor etc. The second sub-block symbolizes a magnetic switch 5, with the aid of which the mechanical part is coupled to the motor and the drive motor of the pinion is operated. The third sub-block symbolizes power electronics 7, the output current of which drives the magnetic switch 5.

Die Leitungselektronik 7 weist einen Steuereingang 9 auf, der über eine Steuer­leitung 11 mit dem Zündschloß 13 des Kraftfahrzeugs verbunden ist. In der darge­stellten Ausführungsform ist die Steuerleitung 11 nicht durchgehend ausgeführt, sondern zwischen den Steuereingang 9 der Leitungselektronik 7 und das Zünd­schloß 13 ist ein elektronisches Steuergerät 15 eingeschaltet. An das Steuergerät 15 führen Informationsleitungen 17a bis 17c, die das Steuergerät 15 mit zu­sätzlichen Informationen über den Betriebszustand des Kraftfahrzeugs versorgen. Über die Informationsleitung 17a wird beispielsweise die Drehzahl des Motors mit­geteilt, über die Informationsleitung 17b, ob ein Gang eingelegt ist, und über die Informationsleitung 17c die Dauer des Vorglühens mit einer Glühkerze.The line electronics 7 has a control input 9, which is connected via a control line 11 to the ignition lock 13 of the motor vehicle. In the embodiment shown, the control line 11 is not continuous, but an electronic control unit 15 is switched on between the control input 9 of the line electronics 7 and the ignition lock 13. Information lines 17a to 17c lead to the control unit 15 and supply the control unit 15 with additional information about the operating state of the motor vehicle. The speed of the engine is communicated via the information line 17a, for example, via the information line 17b whether a gear is engaged, and via the information line 17c the duration of the preheating with a glow plug.

Die Funktion des Steuergerätes 15, das wahlweise vorhanden ist, wird anhand der Figur 2 später erläutert. Wesentlich ist, daß die Leistungselektronik 7 in unmittel­barer Nähe zum Magnetschalter 5 andgeordnet ist. Dadurch bedarf es lediglich noch der Steuerleitung 11, um vom Zündschloß 13 die Startanforderung an den Starter 1 zu richten. Die Steuerleitung 11 kann mit dünnem Querschnitt ausge­führt werden, da sie lediglich ein Steuersignal zu übertragen hat. Das Zündschloß 13 kann dadurch in einfacher Bauweise ausgeführt werden, was eine Kostenre­duktion, eine Gewichtsreduktion und eine Erhöhung der Dauerhaltbarkeit zur Folge hat. Durch die Anordnung der Leistungselektronik 7 in unmittelbarer Nähe des Magentschalters 5 sind nur sehr kurze Leitungswege mit einem großen, nicht ab­gesicherten Leitungsquerschnitt vorhanden. Dieses wiederum hat die bereits ange­sprochene Gewichtsersparnis, die Reduktion des Kurzschlußrisikos und die Verrin­ gerung der Störfelder bei Starterbetätigung zur Folge.The function of the control device 15, which is optionally available, will be explained later with reference to FIG. 2. It is essential that the power electronics 7 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic switch 5. This only requires the control line 11 to direct the start request to the starter 1 from the ignition lock 13. The control line 11 can be designed with a thin cross section, since it only has to transmit one control signal. The ignition lock 13 can be carried out in a simple construction, which results in a cost reduction, a weight reduction and an increase in durability. Due to the arrangement of the power electronics 7 in the immediate vicinity of the magnetic switch 5, only very short line paths with a large, unsecured line cross section are available. This in turn has the weight saving already mentioned, the reduction of the short-circuit risk and the reduction of interference fields when the starter is actuated.

In Figur 2 ist ein Flußdiagramm dargestellt, das ein Beispiel für die Arbeitsweise des Steuergerätes 15 darstellt. Das Flußdiagramm beginnt mit einem Block 20, der den Beginn der Starterbetätigungsroutine symbolisiert. In der Starterbe­tätigungsroutine wird als erstes überwacht, ob das Zündschloß 13 eingeschaltet ist. Dies ist durch einen zweiten Block 22 angedeutet. Ist das Zündschloß 13 nicht eingeschaltet, so wird über die Steuerleitung 11 direkt das Signal "Starter-aus" an einen Starter-aus-Block 24 gegeben. Von dort führt das Flußdiagramm zu seinem Ende von wo das Abfragen des Startroutine-Blocks 20 durch das vorliegen eines Einschaltsignals des Zündschlosses wiederholt oder - gegebenenfalls - aufgrund eines vorbestimmten Zeitprogrammes oder dergleichen selbsttätig wiederholt wird. Befindet sich das Zündschloß im eingeschalteten Zustand, so wird - nur bei Dieselfahrzeugen - in einem Vorglüh-Block 26 abgefragt, ob die Vorglühphase des Diesel-PKW's beendet ist. Ist dieses nicht der Fall, so wird zum Starter-aus-Block 24 durchgesteuert und die Starterbetätigungsroutine wird aufgrund des Vorliegens eines neuen Einschaltsignals des Zündschlosses wiederholt oder - gegebenenfalls mit gewisser Zeitverzögerung - selbsttätig wiederholt. Ist dagegen das Vorglühen beendet, so wird auf die logische Abfrage zur Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs im Geschwindigkeitsblock 28 durchgesteuert. Dort wird die Geschwindigkeit des Fahr­zeugs mit einer Grenzgeschwindigkeit verglichen. Rollt das Fahrzeug schneller als die Grenzgeschwindigkeit, so wird zum Starter-aus-Block 24 durchgeschaltet und ein Startvorgang unterbunden. Steht das Fahrzeug hingegen still oder rollt es nur mit einer kleinen Geschwindigkeit unterhalb der Grenzgeschwindigkeit, so wird als nächstes zu einem Drehzahl-Block 30 durchgesteuert, der überprüft, ob der Motor steht. Dreht sich der Motor noch, ist also das Einspuren des Starters ungünstig, so wird zum Starter-aus-Block 24 durchgeschaltet. Ist die Drehzahl dagegen Null oder nahe Null, so wird der nächste Block, ein Kupplungs-Block 32, angesteuert.FIG. 2 shows a flow chart which represents an example of the mode of operation of the control device 15. The flow chart begins at block 20 which symbolizes the start of the starter actuation routine. The first thing that is monitored in the starter actuation routine is whether the ignition lock 13 is switched on. This is indicated by a second block 22. If the ignition lock 13 is not switched on, the signal "starter-off" is sent directly to a starter-off block 24 via the control line 11. From there, the flowchart leads to its end from where the interrogation of the start routine block 20 is repeated by the presence of a switch-on signal from the ignition lock or - if necessary - is repeated automatically on the basis of a predetermined time program or the like. If the ignition lock is in the switched-on state, a pre-glow block 26 is queried - only in the case of diesel vehicles - whether the pre-glow phase of the diesel car has ended. If this is not the case, control is passed to the starter-off block 24 and the starter actuation routine is repeated due to the presence of a new switch-on signal from the ignition lock or - if necessary with a certain time delay - repeated automatically. If, on the other hand, the preheating has ended, the logic query on the speed of the vehicle is carried out in speed block 28. There the speed of the vehicle is compared with a limit speed. If the vehicle rolls faster than the limit speed, the system switches through to the starter-off block 24 and prevents a starting process. If, on the other hand, the vehicle is at a standstill or is only rolling at a low speed below the limit speed, the next step is to control a speed block 30 which checks whether the engine is stopped. If the engine is still rotating, ie if it is unfavorable for the starter to be engaged, the system switches to starter-off block 24. If, on the other hand, the speed is zero or close to zero, the next block, a clutch block 32, is activated.

Ist die Kupplung betätigt, wird über einen Starter-ein-Block 34 über die Steuerlei­tung 11 ein Steuersignal an die Leistungselektronik 7 abgegeben. Der Startvorgang des Motors wird also eingeleitet. Ist die Kupplung hingegen nicht betätigt, so wird über einen Getriebe-Block 36 abgefragt, ob sich das Getriebe in einer neutralen Stellung befindet. Ist dies nicht der Fall, so wird direkt zum Starter-aus-Block 24 durchgeschaltet und ein Startvorgang verhindert. Befindet sich das Getriebe da­gegen in neutraler Stellung, wird der Starter-ein-Block 34 angesteuert, woraufhin die Leistungselektronik 7 angesteuert wird.If the clutch is actuated, a control signal is sent to the power electronics 7 via a starter-in block 34 via the control line 11. The engine is started. If, on the other hand, the clutch is not actuated, a transmission block 36 is used to query whether the transmission is in a neutral position. If this is not the case, the system switches directly to the starter-off block 24 and prevents a starting process. If, on the other hand, the transmission is in a neutral position, the starter-in block 34 is activated, whereupon the power electronics 7 are activated.

Zum zeitgenauen Ausschalten des laufenden Starters ist der Starter-ein-Block 34 mit einem Leerlaufdrehzahl-Block 38 verbunden. Dort wird überprüft, ob der Motor bereits die Leerlaufdrehzahl erreicht hat. Ist dies nicht der Fall, wird über eine Schleife dem Starter-ein-Block 34 weiterhin das Anforderungssignal zum Be­tätigen des Starters zugeführt. Ist hingegen die Leerlaufdrehzahl nLL erreicht, so wird ein Steuersignal vom Leerlaufdrehzahl-Block 38 zum Starter-aus-Block 24 ab­gegeben, um den Startvorgang zu beenden. Damit ist das Ende 40 der Startbe­tätigungsroutine erreicht und es ist ein reibungsloser Anlaßvorgang gewährleistet.The starter-on block 34 is connected to an idling speed block 38 in order to switch off the running starter precisely. There it is checked whether the engine has already reached idling speed. If this is not the case, the request signal for actuating the starter continues to be fed to the starter-on block 34 via a loop. If, on the other hand, the idling speed n LL has been reached, a control signal is emitted from the idling speed block 38 to the starter-off block 24 in order to end the starting process. The end 40 of the start actuation routine is thus reached and a smooth starting process is ensured.

Das elektronische Steuergerät 15 gestattet also sowohl die optimale Auslösung als auch Beendigung des Startvorgangs. Das elektronische Steuergerät 15 kann beispielsweise als digitales Motorelektronik- oder Dieselelektronik-Steuergerät aus­geführt sein.The electronic control device 15 thus allows both the optimal triggering and the termination of the starting process. The electronic control unit 15 can be designed, for example, as a digital engine electronics or diesel electronics control unit.

Claims (3)

1. Starter eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem Magnetschalter zum Ein- und Aus­schalten des Starterstroms, wobei der Magnetschalter in Wirkverbindung mit dem Zündschloß des Kraftfahrzeugs steht, gekennzeichnet durch eine in den Starter integrierte Leistungselektronik, über deren Ausgangsstrom der Magnetschalter austeurerbar ist und deren Steuereingang über eine Steuerleitung mit dem Zündschloß in Verbindung steht.1. Starter of a motor vehicle with a magnetic switch for switching the starter current on and off, the magnetic switch being operatively connected to the ignition lock of the motor vehicle, characterized by power electronics integrated in the starter, via whose output current the magnetic switch can be controlled and whose control input is via a control line is connected to the ignition lock. 2. Starter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Steuereingang der Leistungselektronik und das Zündschloß ein elektronisches Steuergerät eingeschaltet ist, von welchem das Betätigen des Magnetschalters entsprechend einer vorgegebenen Starterbetätigunsroutine in Abhängigkeit von aktuellen Betriebszuständen des Fahrzeugs steuerbar ist.2. Starter according to claim 1, characterized in that an electronic control unit is switched on between the control input of the power electronics and the ignition lock, from which the actuation of the magnetic switch can be controlled in accordance with a predetermined starter actuation routine depending on the current operating states of the vehicle. 3. Starter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elektronische Steuergerät auf einen Start-Stop-Betrieb des Fahrzeugs umstellbar ist.3. Starter according to claim 2, characterized in that the electronic control unit can be switched to a start-stop operation of the vehicle.
EP89118905A 1988-10-13 1989-10-11 Internal-combustion engine starter with an integrated electronic power circuit Expired - Lifetime EP0363933B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3834855A DE3834855A1 (en) 1988-10-13 1988-10-13 STARTER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH INTEGRATED POWER ELECTRONICS
DE3834855 1988-10-13

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EP0363933A1 true EP0363933A1 (en) 1990-04-18
EP0363933B1 EP0363933B1 (en) 1992-02-26

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EP0526985A2 (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-02-10 Eaton Corporation Starter interlock for electronically controlled vehicle
DE19705587A1 (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-27 Audi Ag Starter motor control method for internal combustion engines
FR2809138A1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp PROTECTION DEVICE FOR VEHICLE STARTER
WO2003081026A1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2003-10-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starter device for an internal combustion engine and method for starting an internal combustion engine

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DE10028834A1 (en) * 2000-06-09 2001-12-13 Volkswagen Ag System for starting IC engine including starter, starter pinion, magnetic switch also ignition starter switch, starter switch and battery. So that battery and starter are spatially separate from each other
DE10210537A1 (en) * 2002-03-05 2003-09-18 Volkswagen Ag Combustion engine starter has starter switch close to battery, trigger element connected to ignition-starter switch and connecting line only carrying current during starting process

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0526985A2 (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-02-10 Eaton Corporation Starter interlock for electronically controlled vehicle
EP0526985A3 (en) * 1991-07-18 1994-06-08 Eaton Corp Starter interlock for electronically controlled vehicle
DE19705587A1 (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-27 Audi Ag Starter motor control method for internal combustion engines
DE19705587C2 (en) * 1997-02-14 1999-07-15 Audi Ag Method for controlling an electric motor starter
FR2809138A1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp PROTECTION DEVICE FOR VEHICLE STARTER
WO2003081026A1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2003-10-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starter device for an internal combustion engine and method for starting an internal combustion engine
US7156063B2 (en) 2002-03-21 2007-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starter device for an internal combustion engine as well as a method for starting an internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3834855A1 (en) 1990-04-19
ES2030252T3 (en) 1992-10-16
DE58900868D1 (en) 1992-04-02
EP0363933B1 (en) 1992-02-26

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