EP0353900B1

EP0353900B1 - Keyboard switch

Info

Publication number: EP0353900B1
Application number: EP19890307240
Authority: EP
Inventors: Win Wu; Ben Liao; Keh-Houng Lee
Original assignee: Acer Inc; Acer Peripherals Inc
Current assignee: BenQ Corp
Priority date: 1988-08-02
Filing date: 1989-07-17
Publication date: 1994-08-31
Anticipated expiration: 2009-07-17
Also published as: DE68917827T2; EP0353900A1; GB8818351D0; DE68917827D1; HK1007831A1

Description

The present invention relates to a keyboard switch, and particularly to a keyboard switch which can be used together with a membrane switch array.
US-A-4,553,009 (equivalent to EP-A-142593) discloses a switch which can be used together with a membrane switch array and wherein two embodiments are disclosed. The structure of the two embodiments disclosed is very complicated and not only increases the cost of manufacture but results in manufacturing difficulties. Above all, both embodiments disclosed cannot provide the tactile feeling required by key operators and the generally preferred click sound. This is why these constructions have still not achieved commercial success. The patent describes a keyboard switch in which the lever causing a switch closure is held away from a switch closing position until the operating plunger or key has moved inwardly a given distance, after which the switch closing lever will suddenly move to a switch closure position. This provides a tactile feel to indicate when a switch closure has in fact taken place. This sudden application of a switch closing force (tactile feeling) is achieved by an arm cooperating with a threshold ramp. The actuator lever is utilised with a spring to produce a constant switch closing force on the underlying membrane switch array for actuating the membrane switch no matter how much force is applied to the key cap. Thus, except for the switch actuating purpose, the actuator lever is provided to prolong the life of the membrane switch. A similar switch is described by EP-A-118131.
The combination of the tactile feeling mechanism together with the actuator lever thus provides inferior quality of tactile feeling and shorter life of usage.
Most typists require some kind of feedback to confirm that a key has been correctly depressed. Such kinds of feedback can be divided into two types, one is audible and is generally called a click sound, and the other provides a resilient feeling to the finger, known as a tactile feeling. There are two commonly available structures which provide both a tactile feeling and a click sound, one of which is manufactured by Alps Electric Co, Ltd and which is disclosed in US-A-4,642,433 (equivalent to DE-A-35 20 848). In the Alps type, the tactile feeling and the click sound are generated by a leaf spring, while the membrane switch is spaced laterally from the plunger and actuated by a further spring so as to reduce damage to the switch. During switch actuation the leaf spring is initially moved away from the side wall of the switch by the plunger and after a certain distance, the leaf spring bounces back to its initial position and strikes the side wall of the housing. Thus, the tactile feeling and click sound reach to the finger as well as to the ear of the typist. There is no indication as to how this arrangement could be modified for a switch in which the membrane switch is aligned with the plunger.
The second type of mechanism which provides the tactile feeling and the click sound belongs to IBM. That structure is simpler and uses a single coil spring to generate the tactile feeling and click sound. But it cannot be used together with a membrane switch array, because it is also designed for use with mechanical switches.
In accordance with the present invention, a keyboard switch for use with a membrane switch array to provide a tactile feeling and a click sound, comprises a housing positioned in use on the membrane switch array; a plunger reciprocally mounted within the housing and projecting outwardly from the housing, the plunger having an exterior wall with a single cam portion extending outwardly therefrom normal to the direction of movement of the plunger, said cam portion having a generally rectangular camming surface when viewed normal to the direction of movement of the plunger; an actuating arm pivoted to the housing and having a first portion extending beneath the plunger and a second portion having a single cam follower, the first portion having a boss on its surface facing away from the plunger for engaging the switch array; resilient means extending between the plunger and the first portion of the actuating arm to urge the plunger outwardly from the housing; characterized in that one dimension of the camming surface is lying in parallel to the direction of movement of the plunger (13), the single cam follower (1421) engaging the single cam portion (133) of the plunger (13) during both directions of the reciprocal movement of the plunger (13); and a leaf spring mounted to the housing and having a portion which normally engages the plunger the arrangement being such that when the plunger is depressed into the housing to cause the boss on the actuating arm to actuate the membrane switch the plunger flexes the leaf spring to a point at which the spring snaps back to a rest position thereby providing a tactile feeling and a click sound.
We have devised an improved switch in which the means for providing the tactile feeling (the leaf spring) is separated from the switch actuator. This allows the membrane switch to be placed under the plunger without risking damage to the switch but achieving a tactile feeling.
The leaf spring preferably has an upstanding portion engaging the housing, and a generally depending portion which engages the plunger, the depending portion having a first section which extends alongside the upstanding portion, and a second section which extends away from the upstanding portion into engagement with the plunger. This form of leaf spring leads to a consistency of click sounds between different switches.
Preferably, the housing further comprises a flexible stop means for retaining the plunger in the housing against the bias of the resilient means. Although most typists like the tactile feeling and the click sound some cannot accept the noises which occur as the finger is released from the keytop. As the finger leaves the keytop, the plunger will rebounce to its original position and strike the ceiling of the housing with consequent noise. By providing a flexible stop, this problem is reduced or avoided.
The resilient means may comprise a block of resilient material but preferably the resilient means comprises a compression spring extending between facing seats on the plunger and the first portion of the actuating arm respectively.
Some examples of switches and membrane switch assemblies according to the invention will now be described and compared with conventional switches with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Figure 1 is a perspective partly cut-away view of the first example;
Figure 2 is a sectional view in the direction A of part of the switch of Figure 1 with the plunger depressed;
Figure 2B is a sectional view of the switch with the plunger in its rest position;
Figure 3A is a part sectional view in the direction B in Figure 1;
Figure 3B illustrates the hook arrangement of the switch;
Figure 4 illustrates the variation of applied force vs travel of the plunger;
Figure 5A illustrates the conventional manner in which an actuating arm shaft is mounted to the housing;
Figure 5B is a sectional view illustrating the mounting of the shaft of the actuating arm to the housing;
Figures 6A-6C are perspective views illustrating the actuating arm, the leaf spring and the plunger respectively;
Figures 7A and 7B are part sectional views of a second embodiment illustrating the plunger depressed and released positions respectively; and,
Figure 8 is a perspective view of the first example.

Figures 1 and 8 illustrate a first example of the switch which comprises a housing 10 having a rectangular first opening 101 on its top and a second opening 102 on the bottom. A flexible stop 103 is integrally formed with the housing 10 and extends inwardly of the first opening 101. A plunger 13 is mounted for movement upwardly and downwardly in the housing 10. The lower portion 132 of the plunger 13 has a cam 133 on its side wall. The size of the upper portion 131 of the plunger 13 is a little smaller than the first opening 101 which allows the upper portion 131 to project outwardly of the housing 10. The plunger 13 has a tapered plane 135 provided on a neck 134 defined at the junction between the upper and lower portions 131, 132. The tapered plane 135 will be stopped by the flexible stop 103 as the plunger 13 moves upwardly. This will decrease the noise which occurs as the neck 134 strikes the ceiling of the housing 10 during the return stroke of the plunger 13.
The plunger 13 has an inside ceiling 136 with a downwardly facing first truncated seat 137. An actuating arm 14 is pivoted to a C-shaped support section 1021 of the second opening 102 of the housing 10 (Figure 5B) by means of two shafts 1401 and 1402 (Figure 6A). The actuating arm has a normally horizontal, bifurcated first portion 141 extending inwardly and beneath the plunger 13 and a vertical or upright, bifurcated second portion 142 extending upwardly and generally parallel to the plunger 13. The vertical portion 142 of the actuating arm 14 has a laterally extending projection 1421 on its upper end forming a cam follower which engages the cam 133 of the plunger 13. The horizontal portion 141 of the arm 14 has an upwardly facing truncated seat 1411 and a downwardly extending boss 1412 on its bottom surface. The bifurcation of the arm 14 leads to increased stability over that shown for example in US-A-4553009.
A coil spring 15 is mounted between the first seat 137 and the second seat 1411 to urge the plunger 13 to move outwardly from the housing 10.
A plurality of hooks 104 are mounted on the outside wall of the housing 10 to enable the housing 10 to be positioned firmly on a metal support frame 1 (Figures 1 and 3B).
A leaf spring 16 (Figure 6B) is mounted on the other side of the plunger 13 to provide the tactile feeling and the click sound.
Figures 2A and 2B illustrate the relationship between the leaf spring 16 and the plunger 13. As the plunger 13 is depressed by the finger from its rest position shown in Figure 2B, the tip 161 of the leaf spring 16 will be lowered by the end 132 of the plunger 13 and the upper portion 162 of the leaf spring 16 will be moved or flexed away from the side wall of the housing 10 (Figure 2A). After the plunger 13 has moved a given distance, the tip 161 of the leaf spring 16 will slide over the end 132 of the plunger 13 and allow the leaf spring 16 to bounce or snap back to its original position, shown in the ghost line in Figure 2A, striking the side wall of the housing 10 and producing a click sound. In the process of distortion of the leaf spring 16, tactile feeling is provided, and as it bounces back to its original position, the click sound is generated.
Figure 2B illustrates the arrangement of the plunger 13, the coil spring 15, the actuating arm 14 and the leaf spring 16. Figure 2B shows the horizontal portion 141 of the actuating arm 14 is right beneath the plunger 13 and the coil spring 15 is mounted between the first truncated seat 137 and the second truncated seat 1411.
The leaf spring 16 is spaced to one side of the plunger 13. The spring 16 has an upwardly extending portion 163 and a generally downwardly extending portion 164 the upper section 162 of which lies alongside the portion 163. The spring is anchored to the housing by virtue of the outward force exerted by the portions 163, 164 on the housing 10 and plunger 13 respectively. The portion 164 has a tip 161 which extends downwardly and beneath the lower portion 132 of the plunger 13. As the plunger 13 is pressed down by the finger, the horizontal portion 141 and the leaf spring 16 will be moved concurrently. After the plunger 13 moves downwardly to a given distance, the projection 1421 of said actuating arm 14 will slide over the upper edge of the cam 133 of the plunger 13 so that the arm 14 rotates about the shafts 1401, 1402. This will cause the boss 1412 to touch down on a membrane switch array 20 and complete the closing of the membrane switch which outputs a signal. As the plunger 13 is moving down, said leaf spring 16 will be moved concurrently, as shown in Figure 2A. After the finger leaves the plunger 13, the coil spring 15 provides an upward force and urges the plunger 13 to return to its original position.
Figure 3A shows that the flexible stop 103 contacts the tapered plane 135 when the plunger 13 is released. This will decrease the noise which occurs as the neck 134 of the plunger 13 (Figure 6C) strikes the ceiling of the housing 10 and therefore provides a more quiet environment to the office.
Figure 3B shows a hook 104 of the housing 10. The hook 104 is connected to the bottom of the housing 10. The hook 104 has a tapered surface 1041 and this allows the housing 10 to be easily installed into the metal frame 1. Each hook 104 has an engaging plane 1042 on the end of the tapered surface 1041 and a flat surface 1043 adjacent to the engaging surface 1042. As said housing 10 is installed into the metal frame 1, the flat surface 1042 will be forced to contact firmly with the bottom surface of the metal frame 1. The housing 10 will be firmly installed on the metal frame 1 unless the upper portion 1044 of each hook 104 is moved to the right (in Figure 3B).
In Figure 4 curve A relates to the downward movement and curve B relates to the upward movement of the plunger 13 separately. We find there is a sudden drop difference between the two curves A and B. That sudden drop will provide a sound feedback of tactile feeling to the finger. In the present case, the resilient force will drop from 60 grams to 45 and 25 grams separately, therefore the sudden drop is between 35 grams and 15 grams. The more difference the switch provides, the more sound tactile feeling we get.
Figure 5B illustrates the manner in which the shafts of the actuating arm 14 are mounted to the housing 10. Unlike the prior art (Figure 5A), the shafts reside in the support 1021 of the second opening 102. The shafts 1041, 1042 are not completely surrounded by the support 1021, but reside on the support 1021. This is entirely different from the prior art, shown in the Figure 5A. This design provides a more flexible movement of the shaft 1041, 1042, to enable ease of assembly and maintenance.
Figures 7A and 7B illustrate a second example in which a leaf spring 16′ provides tactile feeling but a quieter click sound as compared with the first example. The leaf spring 16′ has a projection 161′ in its middle portion and the projection 161′ will limit the force by which the upper portion 162′ strikes the side wall of the housing as the leaf spring 16′ snaps back from its flexed position (Figure 7A) to its original position (Figure 7B) so as to produce aquiet click sound.

Claims

A keyboard switch for use with a membrane switch array (20) to provide a tactile feeling and a click sound, the switch comprising a housing (10) positioned in use on the membrane switch array; a plunger (13) reciprocally mounted within the housing (10) and projecting outwardly from the housing, the plunger having an exterior wall with a single cam portion (133) extending outwardly therefrom normal to the direction of movement of the plunger, said cam portion having a generally rectangular camming surface when viewed normal to the direction of movement of the plunger; an actuating arm (14) pivoted to the housing (10) and having a first portion (141) extending beneath the plunger (13) and a second portion (142) having a single cam follower (1421), the first portion (141) having a boss (1412) on its surface facing away from the plunger for engaging the switch array; resilient means (15) extending between the plunger (13) and the first portion (141) of the actuating arm (14) to urge the plunger outwardly from the housing; characterized in that one dimension of the camming surface is lying in parallel to the direction of movement of the plunger (13), the single cam follower (1421) engaging the single cam portion (133) of the plunger (13) during both directions of the reciprocal movement of the plunger (13); and a leaf spring (16) mounted to the housing (10) and having a portion which normally engages the plunger the arrangement being such that when the plunger is depressed into the housing to cause the boss (1412) on the actuating arm (14) to actuate the membrane switch the plunger flexes the leaf spring (16) to a point at which the spring snaps back to a rest position thereby providing a tactile feeling and a click sound.
A keyboard switch according to claim 1, wherein the housing (10) further comprises a flexible stop means (103) for retaining the plunger (13) in the housing against the bias of the resilient means (15).
A keyboard switch according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein a neck portion of the plunger has a tapered plane (135) of the plunger which engages the housing (10) when the plunger is in a rest position.
A keyboard switch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a mid- section of the leaf spring (16) has a projection (162) to decrease the click sound.
A keyboard switch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the leaf spring (16) has an upstanding portion (163) engaging the housing, and a generally depending portion (164) which engages the plunger (13), the depending portion having a first section (162) which extends alongside the upstanding portion, and a second section which extends away from the upstanding portion into engagement with the plunger (13).
A keyboard switch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating arm (14) is pivoted to the housing by at least one shaft (1401) located in a "C" shaped slot of the housing.
A keyboard switch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the housing (10) has a plurality of externally mounted hooks (104) to enable the housing to be mounted to a support structure.
A keyboard switch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the resilient means comprises a compression spring (15) extending between facing seats on the plunger (13) and the first portion (141) of the actuating arm (14) respectively.
A keyboard switch according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first and second portions (141, 142) of the actuating arm are bifurcated, respective arms of the first and second portions being connected together.
A membrane switch assembly having a membrane switch; and a keyboard switch according to any of the preceding claims for actuating the membrane switch.