EP0345804B1 - Haut-parleur hydrostatique et sa commande - Google Patents

Haut-parleur hydrostatique et sa commande Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0345804B1
EP0345804B1 EP89110474A EP89110474A EP0345804B1 EP 0345804 B1 EP0345804 B1 EP 0345804B1 EP 89110474 A EP89110474 A EP 89110474A EP 89110474 A EP89110474 A EP 89110474A EP 0345804 B1 EP0345804 B1 EP 0345804B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
speaker
moving body
fluid pressure
pressure
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89110474A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0345804A2 (fr
EP0345804A3 (fr
Inventor
Shuji Asami
Hitoshi Kitayama
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHI Corp
Original Assignee
IHI Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IHI Corp filed Critical IHI Corp
Publication of EP0345804A2 publication Critical patent/EP0345804A2/fr
Publication of EP0345804A3 publication Critical patent/EP0345804A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0345804B1 publication Critical patent/EP0345804B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/42—Combinations of transducers with fluid-pressure or other non-electrical amplifying means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric-acoustic transducer or a so-called speaker according to the generic part of claim 1. More particularly, the invention relates to a speaker suitable for radiation of super low-frequency sound and a driver arrangement therefor.
  • US-A-3 516 052 describes a speaker having a hydroacoustic amplifier.
  • the flow of pressurized hydraulic fluid is led through a valving orifice.
  • a lever valve sweeps across the orifice, thereby modulating the flow of the hydraulic fluid.
  • the lever valve is connected to an electromechanical transducer, which is controlled by electric signals.
  • US-A-4 564 727 describes an apparatus for producing low-frequency sound.
  • An electric motor drives a rotary output shaft which is linked with sound radiating means for reciprocating movement.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a speaker suitable for the radiation of super low-frequency sound, which has been considered difficult to perform because of the intrinsic characteristics of the speaker itself.
  • the speaker of the present invention is a hydro-static speaker of such a construction that the super low-frequency sound is radiated by the core driven by a fluid power driver.
  • an oscillator of the speaker is separated into two sections, front and rear, by a moving body, and one of two sections is used as a fluid pressure chamber for vibrating the movable body in accordance with external signals given to the moving body in the form of fluid pressure.
  • the moving body is connected to the core for acoustic radiation, such that the low-frequency sound be radiated by the core.
  • both front and rear chambers of the oscillator are used as fluid pressure chambers to vibrate the aforesaid moving body in accordance with the external signals.
  • a differential pressure sensor for detecting a pressure difference between two fluid chambers and the above-mentioned position sensor.
  • the fluid-power driver for the speaker drives the core for the radiation of a low-frequency sound.
  • the driving power source employed is a fluid pressure source, not an electromagnetic force source.
  • the speaker of the present invention therefore, can produce a high output for the radiation of a super low-frequency sound, that is, the speaker can serve as a low-sound speaker.
  • the fluid pressure in the fluid pressure chamber defined in a front or rear half of the oscillator varies with the signals, thereby vibrating the moving body. Vibrations thus produced are transmitted to the acoustic radiation core connected with the moving body, thereby radiating a low-frequency sound from the core.
  • the moving body can be any type of the diaphragm, bellows and piston; and two fluid pressure chambers may be formed at the front and rear of the moving body, so that the moving body operates in accordance with a differential pressure between two chambers.
  • the speaker Since the speaker is operated by a fluid pressure, not by an electromagnetic force, and the fluid pressure system has intrinsically powerful driving and damping forces, the speaker can perform powerful sound radiation in a super low-frequency range between approximately 0 Hz to 100 Hz.
  • the frequency-sound pressure characteristics of the speaker are adjustable to low-pass characteristics under the power control.
  • the speaker of the present invention can make a wider-band acoustic system.
  • the speaker driver of the present invention has a fluid pressure sensor (a differential pressure sensor in a case of a two-chamber type) which detects chamber pressures of the hydrostatic speaker, a fluid pressure controller connected to a fluid power source which controls the chamber pressures of the hydrostatic speaker, and a control amplifier which controls the pressure controller in accordance with signals: thus the hydrostatic speaker is of such a constitution that a signal from the fluid pressure sensor (the differential pressure sensor) is input to the control amplifier as a feedback signal in order to improve controllability as well as to prevent noise occurrence likely to be caused by pressure variation at a fluid power source.
  • the detection signal from the fluid pressure sensor or the differential pressure sensor is fed back to the control amplifier, thereby eliminating pulsation within the low-frequency range.
  • the fluid power source of the speaker driver preferably includes a pump which produces little pulsation, an accumulator, and a pressure regulator. Using the pump of little pulsation eliminates the pulsation of the fluid pressure, with the result that high-frequency noise components can be removed.
  • the response characteristics of the speaker driver can be improved.
  • the moving body can be kept at the neutral position at a no signal situation, and the drift of the fluid pressure (differential pressure) sensor can be cancelled.
  • pulsation and, particularly, high-frequency pressure noises can be removed by using for example a screw pump as a pump for the fluid power source, in which little pulsation occurs, with an accumulator and a throttle mechanism.
  • the hydrostatic speaker and the speaker driver shown in Fig.1 are constituted of the following four sections.
  • the first section comprises a core 1 and a cabinet 2 for efficient radiation of a low-frequency sound therefrom.
  • the second section includes a hydraulic driver 3 and accessory sensors 10 and 11.
  • the third section is an electric circuit section including a control amplifier 13.
  • the fourth section is a hydraulic circuit including a fluid pressure controller 14.
  • the core 1 mounted at the front of the cabinet 2 is made of a lightweight material having substantial strength, for example a carbon fiber molding, and so constructed as to vibrate as one body to output a specific sound.
  • a flat board in Fig.1 any arbitrary shape, for example conical, may be chosen.
  • the hydraulic driver 3 mounted at the back of the cabinet 2 is of such a contruction that the interior of a robust oscillator is divided into two chambers, front and rear, by a partition diaphragm 5 which is a moving body disposed at the center thereof, and one chamber, that is, the rear chamber 6 in Fig.1, serves as a fluid pressure chamber.
  • a partition diaphragm 5 which is a moving body disposed at the center thereof, and one chamber, that is, the rear chamber 6 in Fig.1, serves as a fluid pressure chamber.
  • a spring 8 working against the fluid pressure in the fluid pressure chamber 6.
  • In the fluid pressure chamber 6 is provided a stopper 19 in order to protect the diaphragm 5 from excessive deformation when the fluid pressure therein is small.
  • the core 1 and the diaphragm 5 are connected with each other by a rod 9 extending through the interior of the cabinet 2.
  • the control amplifer 13 controls a fluid pressure controller 14 in accordance with a signal input from a signal source 12.
  • the fluid pressure controller 14 sends an outut singal to the hydraulic driver 3 to control the pressure in the fluid pressure chamber 6.
  • the detection signals from the above-mentioned sensors 10 and 11 are additionally input into the control amplifier 13, which in turn changes the signal to be output to the fluid pressure controller 14 for the purpose of proper adjustment of the fluid pressure chamber pressure.
  • the control amplifier 13 receiving an electrical singal for electro-acoustic conversion from the signal source 12, changes the signal to a variation of the electric voltage or current suitable for driving the controller 14. At the same time, the control amplifier 13 receives, as a correction signal, a pressure singal from the fluid pressure chamber 6 and a positional signal of the connecting rod 9 from the sensors 10 and 11 respectively.
  • the fluid pressure detection signal from the fluid pressure sensor 10 is used not only to control the fluid pressure so that the fluid pressure properly follow the electrical signal but to control the fluid pressure of the hydraulic driver 3 so that unexpected pressure vibration in the pressure source be not radiated as a sound.
  • the signal from the position sensor 11 for detecting the connecting rod 9 is used to improve a neutral position holding function where no electric signal is present, and to improve a follow-up function as it is differentiated to speed and acceleration.
  • the velocity and acceleration may be obtained by separator sensors.
  • control amplifier be provided with a phase compensating circuit and a frequency characteristics compensating circuit in order to improve the characteristics of the hydrostatic speaker.
  • Fig.2 shows a differential-pressure-type hydraulic driver having fluid pressure chambers 60 and 70 on both sides of the diaphragm 5.
  • the spring 8 and the stopper 19 shown in Fig.1 are not employed, but a bellows seal 20 is provided in their place to seal the fluid pressure chambers 60 and 70.
  • the above-mentioned fluid pressure sensor 10 has been changed to a differential pressure sensor 21, and the fluid pressure controller 14 also has been replaced by a fluid pressure controller 22 which produces proper pressure difference between the pressure chambers 60 and 70.
  • Fig.3 shows the frequency-sound pressure characteristics of the fluid hydrostatic speaker of Fig.2. As indicated by a full line, it is understood that a sound in a super low-frequency range from nearly about 0 Hz to about 100 Hz is powerfully radiated. A dotted line indicates an extremely low-frequency range, for example 18 Hz or lower, to be artificially cut so that no excessive amplitude of frequency would occur.
  • the hydraulic speaker of the above-described embodiment can produce a clear sound without noises because it uses a low-speed screw pump for the pump 18 which hardly produces pulsation and the fluid pressure chamber pressure of the driver 3 or the pressure difference between two pressure chambers 60 and 70 is fed back.
  • the hydraulic driver for the speaker is of a diaphragm-type construction, but it is to be understood that the driver is not limited to the diaphragm type. It may be constructed of other types based on a similar principle, for instance a piston type, a bellows type, etc., as long as the expected functional effect are obtained.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Haut-parleur ayant une armature (1) pour rayonner des sons acoustiques en réponse à des signaux extérieurs provenant d'une source (12), une enceinte (2) pour l'armature (1), un oscillateur (4) et un corps mobile (5), caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur (4) est divisé en une partie avant (7) et une partie arrière (6) par le corps mobile (5), une partie (6) servant de chambre à pression de fluide pour faire vibrer le corps mobile (5) en fonction des signaux extérieurs, et en ce que l'armature (1) est reliée au corps mobile (5) de manière que cette armature (1) rayonne des sons à basse fréquence lorsque la pression d'un fluide fait vibrer le corps mobile (5).
  2. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un ressort (8) est disposé dans la partie (7) de l'oscillateur (4) qui ne sert pas de chambre à pression de manière que ce ressort (8) pousse le corps mobile (5) contre une pression de fluide dans l'autre partie (chambre à pression) (6), et en ce qu'une butée (19) est prévue dans la chambre (6) à pression pour empêcher un mouvement excessif et une déformation du corps mobile (5) lorsqu'aucune pression de fluide n'est présente dans la chambre (6) à pression de fluide.
  3. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur (10) de pression de fluide est prévu pour détecter une pression dans la chambre (6) à pression de fluide ou une pression dans une conduite raccordée à la chambre (6) à pression de fluide.
  4. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur (11) de position est prévu pour détecter la position du corps mobile (5) ou d'un autre élément qui se déplace avec le corps mobile (5).
  5. Haut-parleur ayant une armature (1) pour rayonner des sons acoustiques en réponse à des signaux extérieurs provenant d'une source (12), une enceinte (2) pour l'armature (1), un oscillateur (4) et un corps mobile (5), caractérisé en ce que l'oscillateur (4) est divisé en une partie avant (70) et une partie arrière (60) par le corps mobile (5), ces deux parties (60, 70) servant de chambres à pression de fluide pour faire vibrer le corps mobile (5) en fonction de la pression différentielle entre lesdites deux parties (60, 70) en réponse aux signaux extérieurs, et en ce que l'armature (1) est reliée au corps mobile (5) de manière que cette armature (1) rayonne des sons à basse fréquence lorsqu'une différence de pression de fluide fait vibrer le corps mobile (5);
  6. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur (21) de pression différentielle est prévue pour détecter une différence de pression entre lesdites deux chambres (60, 70) à pression ou une différence de pression dans une conduite raccordée auxdites chambres (60, 70) à pression de fluide.
  7. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un élément d'attaque de haut-parleur ayant un dispositif (14) de réglage de pression de fluide raccordé à une source (17) d'énergie à fluide pour régler la pression du fluide de la chambre (6) à pression de fluide, et un amplificateur (13) de commande destiné à commander ledit dispositif (14) de réglage de pression de fluide en fonction des signaux extérieurs, et en ce qu'un signal de détection provenant du capteur (10) de pression de fluide est appliqué audit amplificateur (13) de commande en tant que signal de rétroaction pour améliorer son aptitude à la commande et pour empêcher le bruit dû à des variations de la pression de la source (17) de fluide.
  8. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un élément d'attaque de haut-parleur ayant un dispositif (22) de réglage de pression de fluide du type à pression différentielle, raccordé à une source (17) d'énergie à fluide pour régler la pression différentielle entre deux chambres (60, 70) à pression de fluide, et un amplificateur (13) de commande destiné à commander le dispositif (22) de réglage de pression de fluide en fonction des signaux extérieurs, et en ce qu'un signal de détection provenant du capteur (21) de pression différentielle est appliqué à l'amplificateur (13) de commande en tant que signal de rétroaction pour améliorer son amplitude à la commande et pour éviter des bruits dus à des variations de la pression de la source du fluide.
  9. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le haut-parleur est pourvu d'un capteur (11) de position destiné à détecter la position dudit corps mobile (5) ou d'un autre élément qui se déplace avec le corps mobile (5), et en ce qu'un signal de détection provenant du capteur (11) de position est appliqué en tant que signal de rétroaction à l'amplificateur (13) de commande pour améliorer sa réponse et la fonction de maintien du corps mobile en position neutre lorsqu'aucun signal n'est présent;
  10. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 7, 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la source (17) d'énergie à fluide est pourvue d'une pompe (18) qui ne produit pratiquement aucune pulsation, d'un accumulateur (15) et d'un régulateur (16) de pression.
  11. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 7, 8, 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que l'amplificateur (13) de commande est pourvu d'un circuit de compensation de phase et d'un circuit de compensation des caractéristiques de fréquence pour améliorer les caractéristiques du haut-parleur.
  12. Haut-parleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est pourvu en outre d'un capteur de vitesse et/ou d'un capteur d'accélération pour détecter une vitesse et/ou une accélération, respectivement, du corps mobile (5) ou d'un autre élément associé au corps mobile (5).
  13. Haut-parleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre un capteur de vitesse et/ou un capteur d'accélération pour détecter respectivement une vitesse et/ou une accélération du corps mobile (5) ou d'un autre élément associé au corps mobile (5), et en ce qu'un signal de détection provenant dudit capteur de vitesse et/ou dudit capteur d'accélération est en outre appliqué en tant que signal de rétroaction, en plus du signal de position provenant du capteur de position, audit amplificateur (13) de commande pour améliorer sa réponse et la fonction de maintien en position centrale dudit corps mobile (5) lorsqu'aucun signal n'est présent.
EP89110474A 1988-06-10 1989-06-09 Haut-parleur hydrostatique et sa commande Expired - Lifetime EP0345804B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63141755A JP2682014B2 (ja) 1988-06-10 1988-06-10 液圧駆動スピーカ
JP141755/88 1988-06-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0345804A2 EP0345804A2 (fr) 1989-12-13
EP0345804A3 EP0345804A3 (fr) 1991-04-03
EP0345804B1 true EP0345804B1 (fr) 1994-04-20

Family

ID=15299440

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89110474A Expired - Lifetime EP0345804B1 (fr) 1988-06-10 1989-06-09 Haut-parleur hydrostatique et sa commande

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5060274A (fr)
EP (1) EP0345804B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2682014B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR970000395B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE68914719T2 (fr)

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TW203674B (fr) * 1991-07-09 1993-04-11 Tong Hoon Sohn
WO1993007729A1 (fr) * 1991-10-02 1993-04-15 Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc. Enceinte acoustique a depression
WO1994001979A1 (fr) * 1992-07-14 1994-01-20 Noise Cancellation Technologies, Inc. Enceinte acoustique a commande hydraulique
US5484969A (en) * 1994-07-25 1996-01-16 Westinghouse Electric Corporation High-volume acoustic transducer
US6351542B2 (en) * 1995-09-02 2002-02-26 New Transducers Limited Loudspeakers with panel-form acoustic radiating elements
US6095889A (en) * 1999-01-25 2000-08-01 Demarinis; Paul M. Interactive entertainment device
US6865281B1 (en) * 2000-09-28 2005-03-08 Jeff B. Jordan Liquid cooled speaker
US7068806B2 (en) * 2003-01-14 2006-06-27 Walsh Casey P Condensed speaker system
US7885418B1 (en) * 2007-01-17 2011-02-08 William Brian Hallman Acoustic actuator and passive attenuator incorporating a lightweight acoustic diaphragm with an ultra low resonant frequency coupled with a shallow enclosure of small volume
JP5176525B2 (ja) * 2007-12-14 2013-04-03 株式会社Ｉｈｉ 水中音源のシール装置
ITFI20130060A1 (it) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-22 Claudio Lastrucci "diffusore acustico"
CN106454624B (zh) * 2016-11-21 2019-09-17 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 音箱组件、音箱及显示设备
FR3089381B1 (fr) * 2018-12-03 2020-10-30 Devialet Enceinte close à faible raideur
US11559006B2 (en) * 2019-12-10 2023-01-24 John Richard Lachenmayer Disrupting the behavior and development cycle of wood-boring insects with vibration

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2682014B2 (ja) 1997-11-26
DE68914719D1 (de) 1994-05-26
EP0345804A2 (fr) 1989-12-13
JPH01311799A (ja) 1989-12-15
DE68914719T2 (de) 1994-11-17
EP0345804A3 (fr) 1991-04-03
KR970000395B1 (ko) 1997-01-09
US5060274A (en) 1991-10-22
KR910002289A (ko) 1991-01-31

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