EP0341488B1 - Pressure membrane device for infusions - Google Patents

Pressure membrane device for infusions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0341488B1
EP0341488B1 EP89107524A EP89107524A EP0341488B1 EP 0341488 B1 EP0341488 B1 EP 0341488B1 EP 89107524 A EP89107524 A EP 89107524A EP 89107524 A EP89107524 A EP 89107524A EP 0341488 B1 EP0341488 B1 EP 0341488B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
main body
diaphragm
infusion
receiver
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EP89107524A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0341488A1 (en
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Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Mokros
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/0215—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
    • A61B5/02152—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body specially adapted for venous pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/16831—Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies
    • A61M5/16854—Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies by monitoring line pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/168—Means for controlling media flow to the body or for metering media to the body, e.g. drip meters, counters ; Monitoring media flow to the body
    • A61M5/16831—Monitoring, detecting, signalling or eliminating infusion flow anomalies
    • A61M2005/16863—Occlusion detection
    • A61M2005/16868—Downstream occlusion sensors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure membrane arrangement for infusions, according to the first part of claim 1.
  • Pressure warning systems for infusions serve the purpose of being able to recognize impermissible pressures in the infusion system, so that health-damaging consequences for the patient are excluded.
  • the catheter can become blocked or the catheter is pushed so that the continuous delivery of the infusion fluid by means of the pressure pump results in increased pressures in the infusion line leading to the catheter without infusion fluid is fed to the patient.
  • a pressure warning system for infusions must therefore be required to emit a signal indicating this event within a very short time after the increased pressure has occurred.
  • a pressure membrane arrangement is known from DE-A1-3 209 721.
  • the pressure transmitter is designed as a manometer which is provided with a membrane which bends depending on the pressure of the infusion liquid.
  • the membrane actuates a pressure sensor in the manner of a switch which on the one hand actuates an optical or acoustic alarm device and on the other hand switches off the infusion pump.
  • the structure of the manometer and the interaction of the manometer with the switching device is not described in detail.
  • a pressure membrane arrangement according to the first part of claim 1 is known, in which the membrane is bag-shaped and elastic. If the pressure in the pressure line falls below a defined value, the membrane is inserted into the assigned line segment of the pressure line and snaps out of the line segment into the effective path of an optical sensor when the pressure increases, and this transmits the signal generated thereby to the signal transmitter.
  • the membrane is inserted into the assigned line segment of the pressure line and snaps out of the line segment into the effective path of an optical sensor when the pressure increases, and this transmits the signal generated thereby to the signal transmitter.
  • it is necessary to select a specific membrane of defined elasticity or strength in accordance with the snap characteristic of the membrane For a practical application of the pressure membrane arrangement, however, it would be a prerequisite to know the flow pressure in the infusion line so that the pressure membrane arrangement can be adapted to the patient.
  • the stretchable membrane is in direct connection with the pressure line via the working space assigned to it.
  • an increase in pressure in the pressure line causes inflation, that is, expansion of the membrane, this expansion movement being used to actuate the pressure sensor.
  • the pressure transducer is particularly simple in terms of construction if it has a contact plate for the diaphragm of the pressure sensor, the contact plate being intended to be acted upon counter to the direction of expansion of the diaphragm spring. If the pressure switch or sensor is arranged in the main body of the pressure sensor in the effective path of the contact plate, the expansion movement of the membrane can be transmitted directly to the pressure switch or sensor via the contact plate using only a few components.
  • the inclusion of the pressure switch or sensor in the holder which is adjustable relative to the base body of the pressure sensor, makes it possible to vary the sensitivity of the pressure switch or sensor.
  • the pressure transducer can be connected to the pressure transducer in a particularly simple manner in that an opening is provided in the base body of the pressure transducer, into which the pressure transducer can be inserted and in which it is held by means of the retaining spring.
  • the base body of the pressure transmitter has an annular opening for receiving the membrane, which is then circular.
  • the pressure membrane arrangement for infusions thus measures the pressure in the infusion system via a pressure transmitter arranged in a separate pressure line.
  • a pressure transmitter arranged in a separate pressure line.
  • the pressure line in the region of the catheter is advantageously connected to the infusion line. This ensures that, for example, a closure of the catheter in its immediate vicinity can be determined by the pressure transmitter.
  • a simple possibility of connecting the pressure line and the infusion line is obtained if a T-coupling piece is provided for connecting them. It is only necessary to attach the pressure line to a connection of the T-coupling piece, regardless of whether there is liquid or air in the pressure line, since an increase in pressure would only lead to the fact that infusion liquid is pressed from the infusion line into the pressure line and in the event of a pressure reduction, there would be only so little air entering the infusion line that would not endanger the patient's health.
  • FIG. 1 shows an infusion line 1, which is connected to a container containing an infusion liquid and not shown, which is only shown in the area of a hand 2.
  • a catheter 4 is pushed into the forearm 3 into a vein (not shown in more detail), which is connected to the infusion line 1 via a T-piece 5 which has male / female Luer lock connectors.
  • the infusion liquid can thus get through the infusion line 1 and the continuous branch of the T-piece 5 into the catheter 4 and thus into the vein of the body, it being irrelevant from the aspect of the present invention whether the infusion liquid by means of an infusion pump or only by an infusion bottle is fed directly to the infusion line 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows in detail the connection of the T-piece 5 to the respective connectors 6 via hose connections 7.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the connection of the pressure transmitter 8, which is open via a pressure line 9 forming a unit with the T-piece Connection to the infusion line 1 and the catheter 4 is.
  • the pressure transmitter 8 has a base body 10 with an annular opening for receiving a circular membrane 11 which is inflatable and expandable. Before applying the infusion, the unit between the catheter 4 and the end of the infusion line 1 is adapted with the existing Luer lock connectors.
  • FIG. 4 shows the interaction of the pressure sensor 8 with a pressure sensor 12.
  • This also has a base body 13 with an opening 14 with two parallel grooves 15, into which the base body 10 of the pressure sensor 8 can be inserted, one connected to the base body 13
  • Holding spring 16 presses the pressure transmitter 8 into a defined position against stops 17 in the base body 13.
  • a set screw 18 is screwed into the base body 13, a contact plate 19 for the membrane 11 being supported by a pressure spring 20 on the set screw 18, which has an adjustable holder 21 for a pressure switch 22 in a central bore, the push pin 23 of which is slightly adjustable Distance from the contact plate 19 and the relaxed membrane 11 is arranged.
  • an adjusting ring 24 for adjusting the sensitivity of the pressure transducer is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the adjusting screw 18, and is provided on its surface facing the base body 13 with a large number of recesses (not shown in more detail) into which locking balls 26 preloaded by means of compression springs 25 can be inserted are.
  • FIG. 4 shows a three-pole connection cable, which is connected to the pressure switch 22, for the signal transmitter 28 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • This essentially consists of a housing 29, electronics 30 for signal processing located therein, a connection 31 for a power supply unit, an output 32 for nurse call, an output 33 for other alarm devices or computer signals, a loudspeaker or a horn 34, the connecting cable 27 to the pressure sensor 12, an on / off switch 35 and light-emitting diodes 37 for indicating the operating state of the device.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure membrane device for infusions, in particular for infusions supplied by means of a pressure pump, with an infusion line (1) leading from the receptacle containing the infusion fluid to the catheter (4), and a pressure transducer (8), which cooperates with a pressure sensor (12) via which a signal transmitter (28) can be controlled. <??>The aim of the present invention is to develop a pressure membrane device of the type mentioned in such a way that a closure of the catheter can be immediately detected independent of the system, in particular independent of any pressure pump which may be used. <??>For this purpose, the invention proposes a separate, closed pressure line (9) connected to the infusion line (1), the pressure chamber of which line (9) is connected to a pressure transducer (8). Pressure increases in the infusion line (1) as a result, for example, of an applied catheter are thus recorded immediately via the pressure line (9) by means of the pressure transducer (8) and are conveyed further via the pressure sensor (12) to the signal transmitter (28). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Druckmembrananordnung für Infusionen, gemäß dem ersten Teil von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a pressure membrane arrangement for infusions, according to the first part of claim 1.

Druckwarnsysteme für Infusionen dienen dem Zweck, unzulässige Drucke im Infusionssystem erkennen zu können, so daß gesundheitsschädigende Folgen für die Patienten ausgeschlossen sind. So kann beispielsweise während des Infusionsvorganges der Katheter verstopfen oder es ist der Katheter parageschoben, so daß sich bei der fortwährenden Förderung der Infusionsflüssigkeit mittels der Druckpumpe erhöhte Drücke in der zum Katheter führenden Infusionsleitung einstellen, ohne daß Infusionsflüssigkeit dem Patienten zugeführt wird. Handelt es sich beispielsweise um blutdruckregelnde Mittel, die zuzuführen sind, ist leicht einsehbar, daß eine Unterbrechung der Zufuhr unmittelbar den Regelungsmechanismus des Körpers negativ beeinflußt. Es muß daher von einem Druckwarnsystem für Infusionen gefordert werden, daß es innerhalb kürzester Zeit nach Auftreten des erhöhten Druckes ein auf dieses Ereignis hinweisendes Signal abgibt.Pressure warning systems for infusions serve the purpose of being able to recognize impermissible pressures in the infusion system, so that health-damaging consequences for the patient are excluded. For example, during the infusion process, the catheter can become blocked or the catheter is pushed so that the continuous delivery of the infusion fluid by means of the pressure pump results in increased pressures in the infusion line leading to the catheter without infusion fluid is fed to the patient. For example, if blood pressure regulating agents are to be supplied, it can easily be seen that an interruption of the supply has a direct negative effect on the body's regulating mechanism. A pressure warning system for infusions must therefore be required to emit a signal indicating this event within a very short time after the increased pressure has occurred.

Eine Druckmembrananordnung ist aus der DE-A1-3 209 721 bekannt. Bei dieser ist der Druckgeber als Manometer ausgebildet, das mit einer Membran versehen ist, die sich in Abhängigkeit vom Druck der Infusionsflüssigkeit durchbiegt. Bei Erreichen eines bestimmten, vorgebbaren Grenzwertes betätigt die Membran einen Druckaufnehmer in Art eines Schalters, der einerseits eine optische oder akustische Alarmvorrichtung betätigt, andererseits die Infusionspumpe ausschaltet. Der Aufbau des Manometers sowie das Zusammenwirken des Manometers mit der Schaltvorrichtung ist nicht näher beschrieben.A pressure membrane arrangement is known from DE-A1-3 209 721. In this case, the pressure transmitter is designed as a manometer which is provided with a membrane which bends depending on the pressure of the infusion liquid. When a certain, predeterminable limit value is reached, the membrane actuates a pressure sensor in the manner of a switch which on the one hand actuates an optical or acoustic alarm device and on the other hand switches off the infusion pump. The structure of the manometer and the interaction of the manometer with the switching device is not described in detail.

Aus der WO-A1-86/07266 ist eine Druckmembrananordnung gemäß dem ersten Teil von Anspruch 1 bekannt, bei der die Membran sackförmig und elastisch ausgebildet ist. Bei Unterschreiten eines definierten Druckes in der Druckleitung ist die Membran in das zugeordnete Leitungssegment der Druckleitung eingestülpt und schnappt bei einer definierten Druckerhöhung aus dem Leitungssegment heraus in den Wirkweg eines optischen Sensors, der das hierdurch erzeugte Signal an den Signalgeber weitergibt. Zur Verstellung der Empfindlichkeit des Druckaufnehmers ist es dort erforderlich, jeweils entsprechend der Schnappcharakteristik der Membran eine bestimmte Membran definierter Elastizität bzw. Stärke auszuwählen. Für eine praktikable Anwendung der Druckmembrananordnung wäre es allerdings Voraussetzung, den Fließdruck in der Infusionsleitung zu kennen, um so die Druckmembrananordnung an den Patienten anpassen zu können.From WO-A1-86 / 07266 a pressure membrane arrangement according to the first part of claim 1 is known, in which the membrane is bag-shaped and elastic. If the pressure in the pressure line falls below a defined value, the membrane is inserted into the assigned line segment of the pressure line and snaps out of the line segment into the effective path of an optical sensor when the pressure increases, and this transmits the signal generated thereby to the signal transmitter. To adjust the sensitivity of the pressure transducer, it is necessary to select a specific membrane of defined elasticity or strength in accordance with the snap characteristic of the membrane. For a practical application of the pressure membrane arrangement, however, it would be a prerequisite to know the flow pressure in the infusion line so that the pressure membrane arrangement can be adapted to the patient.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Druckmembrananordnung für Infusionen der genannten Art zu schaffen, mit der systemunabhäng eine Druckerhöhung in der Infusionsleitung unmittelbar festgestellt werden kann, wobei die Sensibilität des Druckaufnehmers variierbar sein soll.It is an object of the present invention to provide a pressure membrane arrangement to create for infusions of the type mentioned, with which a pressure increase in the infusion line can be determined immediately, regardless of the system, the sensitivity of the pressure sensor should be variable.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebene Druckmembrananordnung.The object is achieved by the pressure membrane arrangement specified in claim 1.

Die dehnbare Membran steht über den ihr zugeordneten Arbeitsraum in unmittelbarer Verbindung mit der Druckleitung. Hierdurch bewirkt eine Druckerhöhung in der Druckleitung ein Aufblasen, das heißt Ausdehnen der Membran, wobei diese Dehnbewegung dazu benutzt wird, den Druckaufnehmer zu betätigen. Baulich besonders einfach gestaltet sich der Druckaufnehmer, wenn er einen Anlegeteller für die Membran des Druckgebers aufweist, wobei der Anlegeteller entgegen der Ausdehnrichtung der Membranfeder beaufschlagt sein sollte. Ist im Grundkörper des Druckaufnehmers im Wirkweg des Anlegetellers der Druckschalter oder Sensor angeordnet, kann die Ausdehnbewegung der Membran bei Verwendung nur weniger Bauteile unmittelbar über den Anlegeteller auf den Druckschalter oder Sensor übertragen werden. Die Aufnahme des Druckschalters bzw. Sensor in der relativ zum Grundkörper des Druckaufnehmers verstellbaren Halterung ermöglicht es, die Sensibilität des Druckschalters bzw. Sensors zu variieren.The stretchable membrane is in direct connection with the pressure line via the working space assigned to it. As a result, an increase in pressure in the pressure line causes inflation, that is, expansion of the membrane, this expansion movement being used to actuate the pressure sensor. The pressure transducer is particularly simple in terms of construction if it has a contact plate for the diaphragm of the pressure sensor, the contact plate being intended to be acted upon counter to the direction of expansion of the diaphragm spring. If the pressure switch or sensor is arranged in the main body of the pressure sensor in the effective path of the contact plate, the expansion movement of the membrane can be transmitted directly to the pressure switch or sensor via the contact plate using only a few components. The inclusion of the pressure switch or sensor in the holder, which is adjustable relative to the base body of the pressure sensor, makes it possible to vary the sensitivity of the pressure switch or sensor.

Besonders einfach läßt sich der Druckgeber mit dem Druckaufnehmer dadurch verbinden, daß im Grundkörper des Druckaufnehmers eine Öffnung vorgesehen ist, in die der Druckgeber einsetzbar und in der er mittels der Haltefeder gehalten ist. Im einzelnen wird es als zweckmäßig angesehen, wenn der Grundkörper des Druckgebers eine Ringöffnung zur Aufnahme der dann kreisförmig ausgebildeten Membran aufweist.The pressure transducer can be connected to the pressure transducer in a particularly simple manner in that an opening is provided in the base body of the pressure transducer, into which the pressure transducer can be inserted and in which it is held by means of the retaining spring. In detail it is considered expedient if the base body of the pressure transmitter has an annular opening for receiving the membrane, which is then circular.

Die erfindungsgemäße Druckmembrananordnung für Infusionen mißt somit über einen in einer separaten Druckleitung angeordneten Druckgeber den Druck im Infusionssystem. Dies bedeutet, daß die Druckleitung nicht von der Infusionsflüssigkeit durchflossen ist und bei ordnungsgemäß arbeitendem Infusionssystem der Druckgeber stets deaktiviert ist. Insbesondere bei den für Infusionszwecke Verwendung findenden Leitungen, die geringste Durchmesser aufweisen, wird in aller Regel die Infusionsflüssigkeit nur geringfügig in die Druckleitung eindringen, da deren der Infusionsleitung abgewandtes Ende mittels des Druckgebers verschlossen ist.The pressure membrane arrangement for infusions according to the invention thus measures the pressure in the infusion system via a pressure transmitter arranged in a separate pressure line. This means that the pressure line is not traversed by the infusion liquid and the pressure transmitter is always deactivated when the infusion system is working properly. In particular in the case of lines which are used for infusion purposes and which have the smallest diameter, the infusion liquid will as a rule only penetrate the pressure line to a minor extent, since the end thereof facing away from the infusion line is closed by the pressure transmitter.

Vorteilhaft ist die Druckleitung im Bereich des Katheters mit der Infusionsleitung verbunden. Es ist hierdurch sichergestellt, daß beispielsweise ein Verschluß des Katheters in dessen unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft durch den Druckgeber festgestellt werden kann. Eine einfache Verbindungsmöglichkeit von Druckleitung und Infusionsleitung ergibt sich, wenn ein T-Kupplungsstück zu deren Verbindung vorgesehen ist. Es ist dabei nur nötig, die Druckleitung auf einen Anschluß des T-Kupplungsstückes aufzustecken, ohne Rücksicht darauf, ob sich in der Druckleitung Flüssigkeit oder Luft befindet, da eine Druckerhöhung ohnehin nur dazu führen würde, daß Infusionsflüssigkeit von der Infusionsleitung in die Druckleitung gedrückt wird und bei einer eventuellen Druckreduzierung nur ein so geringer Eintritt von Luft in die Infusionsleitung zu verzeichnen wäre, der keine Gesundheitsgefährdung des Patienten zur Folge hätte.The pressure line in the region of the catheter is advantageously connected to the infusion line. This ensures that, for example, a closure of the catheter in its immediate vicinity can be determined by the pressure transmitter. A simple possibility of connecting the pressure line and the infusion line is obtained if a T-coupling piece is provided for connecting them. It is only necessary to attach the pressure line to a connection of the T-coupling piece, regardless of whether there is liquid or air in the pressure line, since an increase in pressure would only lead to the fact that infusion liquid is pressed from the infusion line into the pressure line and in the event of a pressure reduction, there would be only so little air entering the infusion line that would not endanger the patient's health.

In den Figuren ist die Erfindung an einer Ausführungsform beispielsweise dargestellt, ohne auf diese Ausführungsform beschränkt zu sein. Es zeigt:

  • Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung der wesentlichen Teile der Druckmembrananordnung für Infusionen,
  • Figur 2 eine Ansicht der Breitseite des Druckaufnehmers und der Druckleitung mit der Verbindung zur Infusionsleitung,
  • Figur 3 eine der Figur 2 entsprechende Ansicht jedoch in Richtung der Schmalseite des Druckgebers gesehen,
  • Figur 4 einen Längsmittelschnitt durch den Druckaufnehmer mit in diesem eingesetzten Druckgeber,
  • Figur 5 eine Ansicht der Breitseite des Signalgebers und
  • Figur 6 eine Ansicht der Schmalseite des Signalgebers.
In the figures, the invention is shown in one embodiment, for example, without being limited to this embodiment. It shows:
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the essential parts of the pressure membrane arrangement for infusions,
  • Figure 2 is a view of the broad side of the pressure sensor and the pressure line with the connection to Infusion line,
  • FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2, but seen in the direction of the narrow side of the pressure transmitter,
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal central section through the pressure transducer with the pressure transducer used in it,
  • Figure 5 is a view of the broadside of the signal generator and
  • Figure 6 is a view of the narrow side of the signal generator.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine mit einem Infusionsflüssigkeit enthaltenden, nicht näher dargestellten Behältnis verbundene Infusionsleitung 1, die nur im Bereich einer Hand 2 dargestellt ist. In den Unterarm 3 ist in eine nicht näher gezeigte Vene ein Katheter 4 geschoben, dieser ist mit der Infusionsleitung 1 über ein T-Stück 5 verbunden, das Luer Lock-Konnektoren Male/Female aufweist. Die Infusionsflüssigkeit kann somit durch die Infusionsleitung 1 und den durchgehenden Ast des T-Stückes 5 in den Katheter 4 und damit in die Vene des Körpers gelangen, wobei es unter dem Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung unerheblich ist, ob die Infusionsflüssigkeit mittels einer Infusionspumpe oder nur von einer Infusionsflasche direkt der Infusionsleitung 1 zugeführt wird.FIG. 1 shows an infusion line 1, which is connected to a container containing an infusion liquid and not shown, which is only shown in the area of a hand 2. A catheter 4 is pushed into the forearm 3 into a vein (not shown in more detail), which is connected to the infusion line 1 via a T-piece 5 which has male / female Luer lock connectors. The infusion liquid can thus get through the infusion line 1 and the continuous branch of the T-piece 5 into the catheter 4 and thus into the vein of the body, it being irrelevant from the aspect of the present invention whether the infusion liquid by means of an infusion pump or only by an infusion bottle is fed directly to the infusion line 1.

Figur 2 zeigt im Detail die Verbindung des T-Stückes 5 mit den jeweiligen Konnektoren 6 über Schlauchanschlüsse 7. Darüber hinaus verdeutlichen die Figuren 2 und 3 den Anschluß des Druckgebers 8, der über eine eine Einheit mit dem T-Stück bildende Druckleitung 9 in offener Verbindung mit der Infusionsleitung 1 und dem Katheter 4 steht. Der Druckgeber 8 weist einen Grundkörper 10 auf, mit einer Ringöffnung zur Aufnahme einer kreisförmigen Membran 11, die aufblas- und dehnbar ist. Vor dem Anlegen der Infusion wird die Einheit zwischen Katheter 4 und Ende der Infusionsleitung 1 mit den vorhandenen Luer-Lock-Konnektoren adaptiert. In der relativ kurzen Druckleitung 9 und in dem zwischen dem Grundkörper 10 des Druckgebers 8 und der Membran 11 verbleibenden Raum befindet sich Luft und zwar aufgrund der Abmessungen des Luft raumes mit einem Gesamtvolumen von weniger als 1 ml, die während der Infusion dort quasi stationär verbleibt. Sollte ein Verschluß des Katheters 4 erfolgen, führt dies zu einer Erhöhung des Druckes im Infusionssystem und damit der im T-Stück 5 und der Infusionsleitung 1 befindlichen Infusionsflüssigkeit mit der Folge, daß die in der Druckleitung 9 und dem Druckgeber 8 befindliche Luft komprimiert wird und sich hierdurch die Membran 11 infolge Ausdehnung stärker nach außen wölbt. Eine Wölbung wäre dabei selbstverständlich auch dann zu verzeichnen, wenn sich innerhalb der Druckleitung 9 und des Druckgebers 8 Flüssigkeit befinden würde, bei einer entsprechend empfindlich ausgebildeten Membran 11 würde die Druckhöhe einer oberhalb des Katheters aufgehängten Infusionsflasche vollständig ausreichen, daß die Membran 11 im erforderlichen Umfang gedehnt würde, was verdeutlicht, daß die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der Druckmembrananordnung für Infusionen nicht auf Druckpumpeninfusionen beschränkt ist.FIG. 2 shows in detail the connection of the T-piece 5 to the respective connectors 6 via hose connections 7. In addition, FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the connection of the pressure transmitter 8, which is open via a pressure line 9 forming a unit with the T-piece Connection to the infusion line 1 and the catheter 4 is. The pressure transmitter 8 has a base body 10 with an annular opening for receiving a circular membrane 11 which is inflatable and expandable. Before applying the infusion, the unit between the catheter 4 and the end of the infusion line 1 is adapted with the existing Luer lock connectors. There is air in the relatively short pressure line 9 and in the space remaining between the base body 10 of the pressure transmitter 8 and the membrane 11, specifically because of the dimensions of the air space with a total volume of less than 1 ml, which remains virtually stationary during the infusion. Should the catheter 4 be occluded, this leads to an increase in the pressure in the infusion system and thus the infusion liquid located in the T-piece 5 and the infusion line 1, with the result that the air in the pressure line 9 and the pressure transmitter 8 is compressed and this causes the membrane 11 to bulge outward more due to expansion. A curvature would of course also be recorded if there were liquid within the pressure line 9 and the pressure transmitter 8, with a correspondingly sensitive membrane 11, the pressure level of an infusion bottle suspended above the catheter would be sufficient to provide the membrane 11 to the required extent would be stretched, which clarifies that the inventive design of the pressure membrane arrangement for infusions is not limited to pressure pump infusions.

Die Figur 4 zeigt das Zusammenwirken des Druckgebers 8 mit einem Druckaufnehmer 12. Dieser weist gleichfalls einen Grundkörper 13 auf, mit einer Öffnung 14 mit zwei parallelen Nuten 15, in die der Grundkörper 10 des Druckgebers 8 einsteckbar ist, wobei eine mit dem Grundkörper 13 verbundene Haltefeder 16 den Druckgeber 8 in eine definierte Stellung gegen Anschläge 17 im Grundkörper 13 drückt. In den Grundkörper 13 ist eine Stellschraube 18 eingeschraubt, wobei sich ein Anlegeteller 19 für die Membrane 11 über eine Druckfeder 20 an der Stellschraube 18 abstützt, die in einer zentrischen Bohrung drehfest eine verstellbare Halterung 21 für einen Druckschalter 22 aufweist, dessen Druckstift 23 in geringfügigem Abstand von dem Anlegeteller 19 und der entspannten Membran 11 angeordnet ist. Schließlich ist drehfest mit der Stellschraube 18 ein Stellring 24 für die Einstellung der Empfindlichkeit des Druckaufnehmers verbunden, der auf seiner dem Grundkörper 13 zugewandten Fläche mit einer Vielzahl von nicht näher dargestellten Ausnehmungen versehen ist, in die mittels Druckfedern 25 vorgespannte Rastkugeln 26 einführbar sind. Eine Ausdehnung der Membrane 11 bei erhöhtem Druck in der Druckleitung 9 führt somit zum Anlegen der Membran an den Anlegeteller 19 und dessen Verschiebung entgegen der Kraft der Druckfeder 20, ist ein bestimmter Verschiebeweg des Anlegetellers 19 erreicht, wird der Druckstift 23 berührt und entsprechend der Druckschalter 22 betätigt.FIG. 4 shows the interaction of the pressure sensor 8 with a pressure sensor 12. This also has a base body 13 with an opening 14 with two parallel grooves 15, into which the base body 10 of the pressure sensor 8 can be inserted, one connected to the base body 13 Holding spring 16 presses the pressure transmitter 8 into a defined position against stops 17 in the base body 13. A set screw 18 is screwed into the base body 13, a contact plate 19 for the membrane 11 being supported by a pressure spring 20 on the set screw 18, which has an adjustable holder 21 for a pressure switch 22 in a central bore, the push pin 23 of which is slightly adjustable Distance from the contact plate 19 and the relaxed membrane 11 is arranged. Finally, an adjusting ring 24 for adjusting the sensitivity of the pressure transducer is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the adjusting screw 18, and is provided on its surface facing the base body 13 with a large number of recesses (not shown in more detail) into which locking balls 26 preloaded by means of compression springs 25 can be inserted are. An expansion of the membrane 11 at increased pressure in the pressure line 9 thus leads to the application of the membrane to the contact plate 19 and its displacement against the force of the compression spring 20, a certain displacement path of the contact plate 19 is reached, the pressure pin 23 is touched and accordingly the pressure switch 22 actuated.

Die Figur 4 zeigt ein mit dem Druckschalter 22 verbundendes, dreipoliges Anschlußkabel für den in den Figuren 5 und 6 gezeigten Signalgeber 28. Dieser besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Gehäuse 29, einer in diesem befindlichen Elektronik 30 zur Signalverarbeitung, einem Anschluß 31 für ein Netzgerät, einem Ausgang 32 für Schwesternruf, einem Ausgang 33 für andere Alarmgeber oder Computersignal, einem Lautsprecher bzw. einer Hupe 34, dem Anschlußkabel 27 zum Druckaufnehmer 12, einem Ein/Aus Schalter 35 sowie Leuchtdioden 37 zum Anzeigen des Betriebszustandes des Gerätes.FIG. 4 shows a three-pole connection cable, which is connected to the pressure switch 22, for the signal transmitter 28 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. This essentially consists of a housing 29, electronics 30 for signal processing located therein, a connection 31 for a power supply unit, an output 32 for nurse call, an output 33 for other alarm devices or computer signals, a loudspeaker or a horn 34, the connecting cable 27 to the pressure sensor 12, an on / off switch 35 and light-emitting diodes 37 for indicating the operating state of the device.

Claims (8)

1. Pressure diaphragm arrangement for infusions, especially for infusions introduced by means of an infusion pump, with an infusion conduit (1) leading to the catheter from the container containing the infusion liquid, a closed pressure conduit (9) which is connected to the infusion conduit (1) and to whose pressure chamber there is connected a pressure transmitter (8) which has an expandable diaphragm (11), the diaphragm (11) co-operating with a pressure receiver (12) by means of which a signal emitter (28) is actuatable, and the pressure transmitter (8) having a main body (10) for supporting the diaphragm (11), which body is adapted to be inserted in a main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12), characterised in that the main body (10) of the pressure transmitter (8) is held by means of a holding spring (16) in the main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12), and that a pressure-operated switch (22) or sensor is held in an adjustable holder (18, 24) accommodated by the main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12), the holder (18, 24) being adjustable relatively to the main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12) in the direction towards the diaphragm (11).
2. Pressure diaphragm arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the pressure receiver (12) has an abutment plate (19) for the diaphragm (11) of the pressure transmitter (8), the abutment plate (19) being springloaded in the direction opposite to the expansion direction of the diaphragm (11).
3. Pressure diaphragm arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that the pressure-operated switch (22) or sensor is situated in the path of action of the abutment plate (19).
4. Pressure diaphragm arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the holder (18,24) comprises an adjusting screw (18) which can be screwed into the main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12).
5. Pressure diaphragm arrangement according to claim 4, characterised in that there is connected to the adjusting screw (18), such as to be integral rotationally therewith, an adjusting ring (24) which is provided, at its surface directed towards the main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12), with recesses into which there are adapted to be introduced locking balls (26) pre-loaded by means of compression springs (25).
6. Pressure diaphragm arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12) has an opening (14) with two parallel grooves (15) into which the main body (10) of the pressure transmitter (8)can be inserted,the holding spring (16), which is connected to the main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12), pressing the pressure transmitter (8) against stops (17) in the main body (13) of the pressure receiver (12).
7. Pressure diaphragm arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the main body (10) of the pressure transmitter (8) has an annular opening for receiving the circular diaphragm (11).
8. Pressure diaphragm arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that air is present in the pressure conduit (9).
EP89107524A 1988-05-11 1989-04-26 Pressure membrane device for infusions Expired - Lifetime EP0341488B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89107524T ATE77564T1 (en) 1988-05-11 1989-04-26 PRESSURE MEMBRANE ARRANGEMENT FOR INFUSIONS.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3816128 1988-05-11
DE3816128A DE3816128C1 (en) 1988-05-11 1988-05-11

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EP0341488A1 EP0341488A1 (en) 1989-11-15
EP0341488B1 true EP0341488B1 (en) 1992-06-24

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EP (1) EP0341488B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE77564T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3816128C1 (en)

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EP0341488A1 (en) 1989-11-15
DE3816128C1 (en) 1989-09-28
DE58901735D1 (en) 1992-07-30
ATE77564T1 (en) 1992-07-15
US4994035A (en) 1991-02-19

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