Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/835—Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds

Definitions

• This invention relates to compositions suitable for use in fabric conditioning.
• Fabric softener formulations are usually aqueous based, contain a water dispersible cationic softener, a non-ionic softener and an electrolyte which enables the viscosity of the formulation to be controlled.
• the present invention is an aqueous based fabric softening formulation comprising a water dispersible cationic softener, a non-ionic softener and optionally an electrolyte, characterised in that the non-ionic softener comprises an alkoxylated dialkylcitrate of the formula:- wherein Q1, Q2 and Q3 are such that at least two of them are C16-C20 alkyl groups and the third is an alkoxyl group of the formula (CH2 CHR1O) n H wherein R1 is H or CH3 and n has a value from 1 to 15.
• the alkoxyl groups are preferably ethoxyl groups.
• the value of the alkoxy groups, n is preferably from 3 to 10, most preferably 5.
• Each alkyl group is preferably a dioctadecyl group.
• the amount of the dialkyl citrate supplement in the formulation is suitably from 5-60% w/w, preferably from 10-40% w/w based on the total surfactant content of the formulation.
• the fabric conditioning formulation may contain in addition other surfactants such as an alkyl fatty acid alkoxylate, an alkylalkoxylate or mixtures thereof.
• other surfactants include alkyl fatty acid ethoxylates and alkyl ethoxylates respectively.
• non-ionic alkoxylated dialkyl citrate is suitably used in conjunction with conventional water-dispersible cationic softeners such as the quaternary ammonium halides or the imidazolinium halides.
• the present invention is an aqueous based fabric conditioning formulation comprising:
• Examples of these cationic softeners of formula (II) above include ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride; ditallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulphate; dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; dioctadecyl diemthyl ammonium chloride; dieicosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; didocosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium methylsulphate; dihexadecyl diethyl ammonium chloride; di(coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride.
• Ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride and di(coconut alkyl) dimethyl ammonium methosulphate are preferred.
• each of R2 and R3 suitably represent a substituent in which more than 50%, preferably more than 75% of the groups are C16 or C18 alkyl or alkenyl groups. More preferably, each of the substituent groups R2 and R3 represent a mixture of alkyl and alkenyl groups, namely from 50-90% C18 alkyl or alkenyl groups and from 10 to 50% C16 alkyl or alkenyl groups.
• substituents R2 and R3 are most preferably represented by ditallow groupings, and substituents R4 and R5 are preferably methyl groups and the anion is preferably a chloride.
• the preferred component (a) of formula (II) is ditallowdimethyl ammonium chloride.
• imidazolinium salts of formula (III) above include 1-methyl-1-(tallowylamido-) ethyl -2-tallowyl-­4,5-dihydro imidazolinium methosulphate and 1-methyl-1-(palmitoylamido)ethyl -2-octadecyl-4,5-­dihydro-imidazolinium chloride.
• Other useful imidazolinium materials are 2-heptadecyl-1-methyl-1-(2-stearylamido)-ethyl-imidazolinium chloride and 2-lauryl-1-hydroxyethyl-1-oleyl-imidazolinium chloride.
• Such imidazolinium fabric softening components are described more fully in US Patent No. 4 127 489 and can be used in the formulations of the present invention.
• cationic quaternary salt components falling within (a) above are commercially available materials under the following trade names or Registered Trade marks: Arquad 2HT (ex AKZO); Noramium M2SH (ex CECA); Aliquat-2HT and the imidazolinium compounds falling within (a) are Varisoft 475 and Rewoquat W7500.
• the formulations of the present invention may optionally include specific electrolytes to assist in controlling the viscosity of the product.
• the amount of electrolyte in the formulation is suitably from 0.01% to 0.5%, most preferably from about 0.02% to about 0.2%, measured as the anhydrous salt.
• electrolytes that may be used include lithium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminium chloride and mixtures thereof.
• alkyl fatty acid alkoxylates of formula (IV) it is preferable to use the ethoxylates, i.e. compounds in which R1 is H.
• the value of alkoxy groups, m, in the alkyl fatty acid alkoxylates is preferably from 1-3.
• the fatty acid used is preferably a tallow fatty acid, which is a mixture of 25% palmitic acid, 39% oleic acid, 19% stearic acid, 4.5% linoleic acid and 3% myristic acid. Such a fatty acid is sold commercially as T20 by Procter and Gamble.
• alkyl alkoxylates of formula (V) it is preferable to use an alkyl ethoxylate, i.e. R1 in formula (V) is H.
• the value of the alkoxyl group, q, is preferably from 1 to 4.
• compositions according to the present invention may be prepared by blending, e.g. by melting (a), (b) and (c) at a temperature in the range 50 to 60°C.
• compositions according to the present invention may be dispersed in water by mixing the components (a), (b) and (c) in water with moderate shearing at elevated temperature, for example, in the range 40 to 50°C.
• the total amount of (a), (b) and (c) in the water is preferably from 2 to 10% by weight.
• a fabric conditioner comprises a total of 2 to 10% by weight of (a), (b) and (c) in an aqueous dispersion.
• the fabric conditioners of the present invention may be used in conjunction with clays to improve the softness of the fabrics conditioned.
• clays may be used any aluminosilicate type material which has the ability to impart softening to fabrics laundered with a formulation containing the same.
• Clays having an ion-exchange capacity of at least 50 meq/100g of clay (milliequivalents per 100g of clay) are preferred.
• Specific examples of such clays include smectite type clays. These latter clays are multi-layered clays which layered structure is capable of increasing the volume thereof several-fold by their ability to swell or expand when in contact with water and thereby form a thixotropic gelatinious substance.
• Such clays are well known in the art and are described for example in GB-A-12201172, GB-A-1400898, GB-A-1462484, GB-A-2132629 and EP-A-225142 which are incorporated herein by reference.
• Specific examples of clays that may be used in the present invention include bentonite, montmorillonite, nontronite, volchonskoite, saponite, hectorite, sanconite and vermiculite, and mixtures thereof.
• the amount of clay present in the formulation is suitably from 1-50% w/w, preferably from 2-30% w/w of the total formulation.
• the clay-based formulations of the present invention may be used as part of a single liquid detergent system which incorporates the function of cleansing the fabrics washed as well as softening.
• Other components in such a formulation include one or more surfactants and a builder salt.
• the water-dispersible cationic softner may optionally be omitted.
• Other components present in the fabric conditioner formulation may include a dye and a perfume.
• Tallow fatty acid (25% palmitic acid, 39% oleic acid, 19% stearic acid, 4.5% linoleic acid, 3% mristic acid), e.g Procter and Gamble T20 acid, was treated with potassium hydroxide (0.3%) at 100°C, under vacuum to remove water.
• Ethoxylation was performed using standard procedures with a boron trifluoride catalyst at 170 to 180°C under 35 to 40 p.s.i.g pressure in an autoclave, 3 moles of ethylene oxide being added per mole of fatty acid.
• Octadecanol was treated with potassium hydroxide (0.3%) at 100°C, under vacuum to remove water. Reaction, in an autoclave, was performed with 3 moles of ethylene oxide being added per mole of alcohol at 160 to 170°C and 35 to 40 p.s.i.g pressure.
• Dioctadecyl citrate was prepared by heating 2 moles of octadecanol with 1 mole of citric acid at 155°C for 1.5h, so that the calculated quantity of water distils, according to the method of Borchert and Hartford, World Surfactants Congress, Kunststoff, 6 - 8th May, 1984, Volume II, p 147.
• the product was a mixture of diesters (57%), monoesters (34%) and triesters (9%) of citrate.
• the ethoxylated dioctadecyl citrate was prepared by reaction of dioctadecyl citrate in an autoclave with 5 moles of ethylene oxide at a temperature of 170 - 180°C and a pressure of 35 - 40 psig according to standard procedures. (See for example, Malkemus, J.Amer. Oil Chemists' Soc., 1956, 33 , 571). Potassium hydroxide (0.2%) was used as the catalyst.
• Ditallowdimethylammonium chloride (available as a 75% mixture of the ammonium halide and 25% propan-2-ol) was heated at 50°C and mixed under low shear conditions with the tallow fatty acid ethoxylate and the octadecyl ethoxylate.
• a comparitive solution was prepared by diluting 4g of 5% by weight in water dispersion of the ditallowdimethylammonium chloride in 996g of water.
• test solution and the comparative solution were used to soften test cloths.
• the softening test procedure entitled pair comparison tests was carried out using panels of 8 persons.
• Panel members were required to compare the softness of two cloths A and B (one being a test cloth, the other a comparison cloth) and rank them as follows:- A is definitely softer than B Score +2 A is possibly softer than B Score +1 No difference Score 0 A is possibly harsher than B Score -1 A is definitely harsher than B Score -2
• the viscosity of this new formulation at a shear rate of 1 sec ⁇ 1 was 2100 milliPascal sec, compared with 550 milliPascal sec for the comparative solution.
• a test solution was prepared using the method described in 2.1 above to form a dispersion in water containing 5% by weight of the total of the ditallowdimethylammonium chloride, the tallow fatty acid ethoxylate, and the ethoxylated dioctadecylcitrate.
• a comparative solution was prepared as in Softening Test 2.1 above.
• test solution and the comparative solution were used to soften test cloths. Pair comparison tests were carried out using panels of 8 persons as in Softening Test 2.1 above.
• the viscosity of this new formulation at a shear rate of 1 sec ⁇ 1 was 2500 milliPascal sec compared with 550 milliPascal sec for the comparative solution.
• test solution showed a significant viscosity enhancement and a significantly improved softening performance over the comparative solution.
• This composition was not significantly different in performance from the comparative solution in a panel test, although less ditallowdimethylammonium chloride was used.
• the viscosity of this new formulation at 1 sec ⁇ 1 was 2000 milliPascal sec compared with 550 milliPascal sec for the comparative solution, showing significant viscosity enhancement.
• the viscosity of this new formulation at 1 sec ⁇ 1 was 176 milliPascal sec compared with 550 milliPascal sec for the comparative solution.
• test solution and the comparative solution were used to soften test cloths. Pair comparison tests were carried out using panels of 8 persons as in Softening Test 2.1 above.
• This composition was not significantly different in performance from the comparative solution in a panel test, although less ditallowdimethylammonium chloride was used.
• the viscosity of this new formulation at 1 sec ⁇ 1 was 504 milliPascal sec compared with 550 milliPascal sec for the comparative solution.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Citations (4)

• 1988
  • 1988-02-23 GB GB888804143A patent/GB8804143D0/en active Pending
• 1989
  • 1989-02-16 EP EP89301533A patent/EP0334482A1/de not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (4)

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