EP0326449A1 - Electromagnetic trip device with an adjustable trip level - Google Patents

Electromagnetic trip device with an adjustable trip level Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0326449A1
EP0326449A1 EP89400092A EP89400092A EP0326449A1 EP 0326449 A1 EP0326449 A1 EP 0326449A1 EP 89400092 A EP89400092 A EP 89400092A EP 89400092 A EP89400092 A EP 89400092A EP 0326449 A1 EP0326449 A1 EP 0326449A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
movable core
core
electromagnetic trip
trip device
force
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89400092A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0326449B1 (en
Inventor
André Raso
Pierre Laffont
Denis Vial
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
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Merlin Gerin SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0326449A1 publication Critical patent/EP0326449A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0326449B1 publication Critical patent/EP0326449B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/74—Means for adjusting the conditions under which the device will function to provide protection
    • H01H71/7463—Adjusting only the electromagnetic mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic trip device for an electrical protection device, with adjustment of the instantaneous trip threshold, comprising a cylinder head having a lower face and an upper face, a plunger core movable axially through an orifice formed in the upper face. , a coil interposed between said faces and arranged around the movable core, a fixed core integral with the underside of the cylinder head, and a return spring urging the movable core in the opposite direction from the fixed core.
  • Such a trigger for example, is used to cause the instantaneous triggering of a device for protection against short-circuit currents, in particular a circuit breaker or contactor, when the current flowing through the coil is sufficiently intense to cause the attraction of the plunger core.
  • the triggering threshold must be perfectly defined and adjustable, and it has already been proposed to modify the initial position of the mobile core, in order to reduce or increase the separation gap of the fixed core or to modify the return force of the core mobile, to set this trigger threshold.
  • the adjustment ranges obtained by these means are limited and there is a need to have additional adjustment means without any noticeable complication of the trigger.
  • the object of the present invention is to enable the production of an electromagnetic trip device with a trigger threshold that can be adjusted with precision and over a wide area.
  • the electromagnetic trip device is characterized by a device for adjusting the initial position of the movable core between a maximum position of separation of the fixed core and a minimum position and by an annular groove formed in said movable core over a slightly axial distance greater than the axial distance between said maximum and minimum positions in the area of said upper face, so that the latter is in the vicinity of one of the edges of the groove in one of said positions and in the contour of the other of the edges of the groove in the other of said positions.
  • the groove formed in the mobile core defines a second air gap in the magnetic circuit excited by the coil and, this second air gap generates a force of attraction of the mobile core which is added to that of the fixed core when the mobile core is in the position. minimum spacing of the fixed core and vice versa, a retaining force of the mobile core which subtracts from the force of attraction of the fixed core when the mobile core is in the maximum position of spacing of the fixed core.
  • the particular shape of the core allows an increase in the adjustment range while maintaining an identical stroke of the movable core, the precision of adjustment of the trigger values being increased.
  • the trigger according to the invention advantageously has a longitudinal axis of symmetry on which the movable core of cylindrical shape is slidably mounted.
  • the groove in the movable core defines a section or a portion of reduced section, which is connected to the two portions which surround it, by inclined edges in the form of truncated cones.
  • the bistable balance of the plunger core essential for obtaining a frank triggering threshold, is improved by the presence of the groove and by the use of a decreasing force return device during the displacement of the movable core towards the fixed core.
  • This decreasing force exerted on the movable core is obtained by a modification of the line of action of the return spring which acts on a pivoting lever with modification of the lever arm.
  • This variation in the restoring force exerted on the movable core as a function of its position also widens the range of adjustment of the trigger thresholds.
  • the coil is offset so as to have, in the minimum adjustment position of the movable core, the gap between the movable core and the fixed core in the center of the coil where the field strength magnetic is maximum. In the maximum position, the movable core is almost outside the coil in a reduced field area which results in a higher trigger threshold.
  • a U-shaped cylinder head 10 which can also be a partially or entirely closed housing, has an upper face 12 and a lower face 14, surrounding a coil 16 connected to an electrical circuit not shown.
  • the lower face 14 carries a fixed core 18 penetrating axially inside the coil 16 and cooperating with a movable core 20 mounted to slide along an axis XX of symmetry of the trigger.
  • the yoke 10, the fixed core 18 and the movable core 20 are made of a suitable magnetizable material well known to specialists.
  • the upper face 12 has an orifice 22 for passage of the movable core 20 with the interposition of a cylindrical sheath 24 of non-magnetic insulating material which sheaths the fixed core 18 and mobile core 20 assembly.
  • the coil 16 is offset axially in the direction of the lower face 14 while being held mechanically by a spacer 26 interposed between the upper face 12 of the cylinder head 10 and the top of the coil 16. Any other means of fixing the coil is of course usable.
  • a pivoting lever 28 is mounted on a fixed pivot axis 30, for example carried by the cylinder head 10 and is mechanically connected to the movable core 20 by a light 32, in which is engaged a lug 34 carried by the movable core 20.
  • a spring return 36 is anchored on the one hand to a point 38 of the pivoting lever 28, and on the other to a point 40.
  • the anchoring points 38.40 are arranged relative to the pivot axis 30 of the pivoting lever 28, so as to exert on the latter a moment urging the pivoting lever clockwise, corresponding to an upward movement of the movable core 20 in FIG. 1.
  • the connection to light 32 and lug 34 transforms the pivoting movement of the pivoting lever 28 in a sliding movement of the movable core 20.
  • the pivoting lever 28 carries a tongue 44 for actuating a trip bar 46, for example of an electrical protection circuit breaker.
  • the pivoting lever 28 cooperates with a stop 48 formed on one of the arms of a rocker 50, the other arm of which cooperates with an adjustment wedge 52, controlled to slide by any suitable means, in particular by adjustment screw not shown .
  • the return spring 36 biases the pivoting lever 28 in abutment of the stop 48, the position of which defines the initial position of the plunger core 20. It is easy to see that a depression of the adjustment wedge 52 generates a downward movement in direction of the fixed core 18, of the movable core 20 and conversely that a withdrawal of the corner 52 authorizes a separation of the movable core 20 from the fixed core 18, the two extreme adjustment positions, in this case the minimum position and the maximum position being shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the coil 16 is not energized, the movable core 20 is held in the position away from the fixed core 18, this initial position being a function of the position of the adjustment wedge 52, that is to say the position of minimum adjustment shown in FIG. 1, ie the maximum adjustment position shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the attracted position of the movable core 20 which causes actuation of the trigger bar 46 by the tongue 44 of the pivoting lever 28.
  • the return spring 36 returns the assembly to the position initial ready for new operation.
  • the anchor point 40 of the spring 36 can be moved by an adjustment screw 54 to adjust the line of action of the return spring 36, and thus modify the return force exerted on the movable core 20.
  • the movable core 20 has according to the invention, a groove 56 with a bottom 58 of cylindrical shape and with lower edges 60 and upper 62 inclined.
  • the edges 60, 62 in the shape of a truncated cone ensure the connection of the groove 56 to the lower 64 and upper 66 portions of the movable core 20 of enlarged section.
  • the magnetic flux travels through a first air gap E1 between the movable core 20 and the fixed core 18, then the lower face 14, the yoke 10, the upper face 12 and a second air gap E2 between the edge of the orifice 22 and the edge 62 of the groove 56.
  • An attractive force F1 tends to attract the mobile core 20 towards the fixed core 18 to reduce the first air gap E1 and to this force F1 , a second force F2 is added at the air gap E2.
  • the groove 56 is arranged so that in the minimum adjustment position, the edge 62 is slightly above the orifice 22 to generate a force having a component F2 oriented in the direction of the fixed core 18.
  • the air gap E1 is notably increased and the edge 60 comes opposite the orifice 22 while nevertheless remaining below the upper face 12.
  • the pole surfaces of the air gap E1 are conical but they can of course be flat and the height of the fixed core 18 can be reduced.
  • the return device can be arranged differently and the guide sleeve 24 can be replaced by any other means, in particular by a guide rod passing through the movable plunger core 20.
  • the pole surface of the yoke 10 defining the air gap E2 and E3 can be shaped differently, in particular be enlarged to modify the distribution of field lines, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The adjusting range for the trip levels of a magnetic trip device with plunger core is increased by providing in the moveable plunger core (20), a throat (56) whose edges (60, 62) define pole surfaces delimiting air-gaps (E2, E3) with the edges of the yoke (10) so as to generate, in the position of minimum adjustment, a force (F2) adding to the force of attraction (F1) of the plunger core (20) by the stationary core (18), and conversely a force (F3) in the position of maximum adjustment subtracting from the force (F1) of attraction of the moveable plunger core (20). The trip device excitation coil is offset relative to the yoke (10) so as to enhance the magnitude of the adjustment range, and a return device with adjustable stop and with return force which decreases as a function of the approaching of the moveable core (20) and of the stationary core (18), contributes to enhancing this adjustment range for the trip levels. …<IMAGE>…

Description

L'invention est relative à un déclencheur électromagnétique pour un appareil électrique de protection, à réglage du seuil de déclenchement instantané, comprenant une culasse présentant une face inférieure et une face supérieure, un noyau plongeur mobile axialement à travers un orifice ménagé dans la face supérieure, une bobine intercalée entre lesdites faces et disposée autour du noyau mobile, un noyau fixe solidaire de la face inférieure de la culasse, et un ressort de rappel sollicitant le noyau mobile en direction opposée du noyau fixe.The invention relates to an electromagnetic trip device for an electrical protection device, with adjustment of the instantaneous trip threshold, comprising a cylinder head having a lower face and an upper face, a plunger core movable axially through an orifice formed in the upper face. , a coil interposed between said faces and arranged around the movable core, a fixed core integral with the underside of the cylinder head, and a return spring urging the movable core in the opposite direction from the fixed core.

Un tel déclencheur, est par exemple utilisé pour provoquer le déclenchement instantané d'un appareil de protection contre les courants de courts-circuits, notamment un disjoncteur ou contacteur, lorsque le courant parcourant la bobine est suffisamment intense pour provoquer l'attraction du noyau plongeur. Le seuil de déclenchement doit être parfaitement défini et réglable, et il a déjà été proposé de modifier la position initiale du noyau mobile, afin de réduire ou d'augmenter l'entrefer de séparation du noyau fixe ou de modifier la force de rappel du noyau mobile, pour régler ce seuil de déclenchement. Les plages de réglage obtenues par ces moyens sont limitées et le besoin se fait sentir de disposer de moyens de réglage additionnel sans complication notable du déclencheur.Such a trigger, for example, is used to cause the instantaneous triggering of a device for protection against short-circuit currents, in particular a circuit breaker or contactor, when the current flowing through the coil is sufficiently intense to cause the attraction of the plunger core. . The triggering threshold must be perfectly defined and adjustable, and it has already been proposed to modify the initial position of the mobile core, in order to reduce or increase the separation gap of the fixed core or to modify the return force of the core mobile, to set this trigger threshold. The adjustment ranges obtained by these means are limited and there is a need to have additional adjustment means without any noticeable complication of the trigger.

La présente invention a pour but de permettre la réalisation d'un déclencheur électromagnétique à seuil de déclenchement réglable avec précision et sur une large étendue.The object of the present invention is to enable the production of an electromagnetic trip device with a trigger threshold that can be adjusted with precision and over a wide area.

Le déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'invention est caractérisé par un dispositif de réglage de la position initiale du noyau mobile entre une position maximale d'écartement du noyau fixe et une position minimale et par une gorge annulaire ménagée dans ledit noyau mobile sur une distance axiale légèrement supérieure à la distance axiale entre lesdites positions maximale et minimale, dans la zone de ladite face supérieure, de telle manière que cette dernière est au voisinage de l'un des bords de la gorge en l'une desdites positions et au vosinage de l'autre des bords de la gorge en l'autre desdites positions.The electromagnetic trip device according to the invention is characterized by a device for adjusting the initial position of the movable core between a maximum position of separation of the fixed core and a minimum position and by an annular groove formed in said movable core over a slightly axial distance greater than the axial distance between said maximum and minimum positions in the area of said upper face, so that the latter is in the vicinity of one of the edges of the groove in one of said positions and in the contour of the other of the edges of the groove in the other of said positions.

La gorge ménagée dans le noyau mobile définit un deuxième entrefer dans le circuit magnétique excité par la bobine et, ce deuxième entrefer engendre une force d'attraction du noyau mobile qui s'ajoute à celle du noyau fixe lorsque le noyau mobile est dans la position minimale d'écartement du noyau fixe et inversement, une force de retenue du noyau mobile qui se soustrait à la force d'attraction du noyau fixe lorsque le noyau mobile est en positon maximale d'écartement du noyau fixe. La forme particulière du noyau permet une augmentation de la gamme de réglage tout en conservant une course identique du noyau mobile, la précision de réglage des valeurs de déclenchement étant accrue.The groove formed in the mobile core defines a second air gap in the magnetic circuit excited by the coil and, this second air gap generates a force of attraction of the mobile core which is added to that of the fixed core when the mobile core is in the position. minimum spacing of the fixed core and vice versa, a retaining force of the mobile core which subtracts from the force of attraction of the fixed core when the mobile core is in the maximum position of spacing of the fixed core. The particular shape of the core allows an increase in the adjustment range while maintaining an identical stroke of the movable core, the precision of adjustment of the trigger values being increased.

Le déclencheur selon l'invention présente avantageusement un axe longitudinal de symétrie sur lequel le noyau mobile de forme cylindrique est monté à coulissement. La gorge ménagée dans le noyau mobile définit un tronçon ou une portion de section réduite, qui se raccorde aux deux portions qui l'encadrent, par des bords inclinés en forme de troncs de cône. L'équilibre bistable du noyau plongeur, indispensable à l'obtention d'un seuil de déclenchement franc, est amélioré par la présence de la gorge et par l'emploi d'un dispositif de rappel à force décroissante au cours du déplacement du noyau mobile en direction du noyau fixe. Cette force décroissante exercée sur le noyau mobile est obtenue par une modification de la ligne d'action du ressort de rappel qui agit sur un levier pivotant avec modification du bras de levier. Cette variation de la force de rappel exercée sur le noyau mobile en fonction de sa position élargit également la gamme de réglage des seuils de déclenchement.The trigger according to the invention advantageously has a longitudinal axis of symmetry on which the movable core of cylindrical shape is slidably mounted. The groove in the movable core defines a section or a portion of reduced section, which is connected to the two portions which surround it, by inclined edges in the form of truncated cones. The bistable balance of the plunger core, essential for obtaining a frank triggering threshold, is improved by the presence of the groove and by the use of a decreasing force return device during the displacement of the movable core towards the fixed core. This decreasing force exerted on the movable core is obtained by a modification of the line of action of the return spring which acts on a pivoting lever with modification of the lever arm. This variation in the restoring force exerted on the movable core as a function of its position also widens the range of adjustment of the trigger thresholds.

Selon un développement de l'invention, la bobine est décalée de manière à disposer, en position de réglage minimale du noyau mobile, l'entrefer de séparation du noyau mobile et du noyau fixe dans le centre de la bobine où l'intensité du champ magnétique est maximale. En position maximale, le noyau mobile est quasiment à l'extérieur de la bobine dans une zone de champ réduit qui se traduit par un seuil de déclenchement plus élevé.According to a development of the invention, the coil is offset so as to have, in the minimum adjustment position of the movable core, the gap between the movable core and the fixed core in the center of the coil where the field strength magnetic is maximum. In the maximum position, the movable core is almost outside the coil in a reduced field area which results in a higher trigger threshold.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • - la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'invention, représenté en position initiale de réglage minimale;
  • - les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues analogues à celle de la figure 1 représentant respectivement le déclencheur en position maximale et en position de déclenchement;
  • - la figure 4 montre les lignes de champ du circuit magnétique, représenté sur la demi-vue de gauche en position minimale et sur la demi-vue de droite en position maximale de réglage.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention given by way of nonlimiting example and represented in the appended drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic view in axial section of an electromagnetic trip device according to the invention, shown in the initial position of minimum adjustment;
  • - Figures 2 and 3 are views similar to that of Figure 1 respectively representing the trigger in the maximum position and in the release position;
  • - Figure 4 shows the field lines of the magnetic circuit, shown in the left half-view in minimum position and in the right half-view in maximum setting position.

Sur les figures, une culasse 10 en forme de U qui peut également être un boîtier partiellement ou entièrement fermé, présente une face supérieure 12 et une face inférieure 14, encadrant une bobine 16 reliée à un circuit électrique non représenté. La face inférieure 14 porte un noyau fixe 18 pénètrant axialement à l'intérieur de la bobine 16 et coopérant avec un noyau mobile 20 monté à coulissement suivant un axe XX de symétrie du déclencheur. La culasse 10, le noyau fixe 18 et le noyau mobile 20 sont en un matériau magnétisable approprié bien connu des spécialistes. La face supérieure 12 présente un orifice 22 de passage du noyau mobile 20 avec interposition d'un fourreau cylindrique 24 en matériau isolant non magnétique qui gaine l'ensemble noyau fixe 18 et noyau mobile 20. La bobine 16 est décalée axialement en direction de la face inférieure 14 en étant maintenue mécaniquement par une entretoise 26 intercalée entre la face supérieure 12 de la culasse 10 et le haut de la bobine 16. Tout autre moyen de fixation de la bobine est bien entendu utilisable. Un levier pivotant 28 est monté sur un axe fixe de pivotement 30, par exemple porté par la culasse 10 et est mécaniquement relié au noyau mobile 20 par une lumière 32, dans laquelle est engagé un ergot 34 porté par le noyau mobile 20. Un ressort de rappel 36 est ancré d'une part à un point 38 du levier pivotant 28, et d'autre part à un point 40. Les points d'ancrage 38,40 sont agencés par rapport à l'axe de pivotement 30 du levier pivotant 28, de manière à exercer sur ce dernier un moment sollicitant le levier pivotant dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, correspondant à un mouvement vers le haut du noyau mobile 20 sur la figure 1. La liaison à lumière 32 et ergot 34 transforme le mouvement de pivotement du levier pivotant 28 en un mouvement de coulissement du noyau mobile 20. Le levier pivotant 28 porte une languette 44 d'actionnement d'une barre de déclenchement 46, par exemple d'un disjoncteur électrique de protection. Le levier pivotant 28 coopère avec une butée 48 ménagée sur l'un des bras d'une bascule 50, dont l'autre bras coopère avec un coin de réglage 52,commandé à coulissement par tout moyen approprié, notamment par vis de réglage non représentée. Le ressort de rappel 36 sollicite le levier pivotant 28 en appui de la butée 48, dont la position définit la position initiale du noyau plongeur 20. Il est facile de voir qu'un enfoncement du coin de réglage 52 engendre un déplacement vers le bas en direction du noyau fixe 18, du noyau mobile 20 et inversement qu'un retrait du coin 52 autorise un écartement du noyau mobile 20 du noyau fixe 18, les deux positions extrèmes de réglage, en l'occurrence la position minimale et la position maximale étant représentées aux figures 1 et 2. Lorsque la bobine 16 n'est pas excitée, le noyau mobile 20 est maintenu en position écartée du noyau fixe 18, cette position initiale étant en fonction de la position du coin de réglage 52, soit la position de réglage minimale représentée à la figure 1, soit la position de réglage maximale représentée à la figure 2, soit toute position intermédiaire à ces positions extrèmes. Une excitation de la bobine 16 provoque une attraction du noyau mobile 20, qui se déplace lorsque le courant parcourant la bobine 16 dépasse un seuil prédéterminé suffisant pour vaincre les forces de rappel notamment exercées par le ressort 36 sur le noyau mobile 20. La figure 3 illustre la position attirée du noyau mobile 20 qui provoque l'actionnement de la barre de déclenchement 46 par la languette 44 du levier pivotant 28. Lors d'une désexcitation de la bobine 16, le ressort de rappel 36 ramène l'ensemble dans la position initiale prête à un nouveau fonctionnement. Le point d'ancrage 40 du ressort 36 peut être déplacé par une vis de réglage 54 pour régler la ligne d'action du ressort de rappel 36, et modifier ainsi la force de rappel exercée sur le noyau mobile 20.In the figures, a U-shaped cylinder head 10 which can also be a partially or entirely closed housing, has an upper face 12 and a lower face 14, surrounding a coil 16 connected to an electrical circuit not shown. The lower face 14 carries a fixed core 18 penetrating axially inside the coil 16 and cooperating with a movable core 20 mounted to slide along an axis XX of symmetry of the trigger. The yoke 10, the fixed core 18 and the movable core 20 are made of a suitable magnetizable material well known to specialists. The upper face 12 has an orifice 22 for passage of the movable core 20 with the interposition of a cylindrical sheath 24 of non-magnetic insulating material which sheaths the fixed core 18 and mobile core 20 assembly. The coil 16 is offset axially in the direction of the lower face 14 while being held mechanically by a spacer 26 interposed between the upper face 12 of the cylinder head 10 and the top of the coil 16. Any other means of fixing the coil is of course usable. A pivoting lever 28 is mounted on a fixed pivot axis 30, for example carried by the cylinder head 10 and is mechanically connected to the movable core 20 by a light 32, in which is engaged a lug 34 carried by the movable core 20. A spring return 36 is anchored on the one hand to a point 38 of the pivoting lever 28, and on the other to a point 40. The anchoring points 38.40 are arranged relative to the pivot axis 30 of the pivoting lever 28, so as to exert on the latter a moment urging the pivoting lever clockwise, corresponding to an upward movement of the movable core 20 in FIG. 1. The connection to light 32 and lug 34 transforms the pivoting movement of the pivoting lever 28 in a sliding movement of the movable core 20. The pivoting lever 28 carries a tongue 44 for actuating a trip bar 46, for example of an electrical protection circuit breaker. The pivoting lever 28 cooperates with a stop 48 formed on one of the arms of a rocker 50, the other arm of which cooperates with an adjustment wedge 52, controlled to slide by any suitable means, in particular by adjustment screw not shown . The return spring 36 biases the pivoting lever 28 in abutment of the stop 48, the position of which defines the initial position of the plunger core 20. It is easy to see that a depression of the adjustment wedge 52 generates a downward movement in direction of the fixed core 18, of the movable core 20 and conversely that a withdrawal of the corner 52 authorizes a separation of the movable core 20 from the fixed core 18, the two extreme adjustment positions, in this case the minimum position and the maximum position being shown in Figures 1 and 2. When the coil 16 is not energized, the movable core 20 is held in the position away from the fixed core 18, this initial position being a function of the position of the adjustment wedge 52, that is to say the position of minimum adjustment shown in FIG. 1, ie the maximum adjustment position shown in FIG. 2, or any intermediate position at these extreme positions. An excitation of the coil 16 causes an attraction of the mobile core 20, which moves when the current flowing through the coil 16 exceeds a predetermined threshold sufficient to overcome the restoring forces notably exerted by the spring 36 on the mobile core 20. FIG. 3 illustrates the attracted position of the movable core 20 which causes actuation of the trigger bar 46 by the tongue 44 of the pivoting lever 28. When the coil 16 is de-energized, the return spring 36 returns the assembly to the position initial ready for new operation. The anchor point 40 of the spring 36 can be moved by an adjustment screw 54 to adjust the line of action of the return spring 36, and thus modify the return force exerted on the movable core 20.

En se reférant plus particulièrement à la figure 4, on voit que le noyau mobile 20 présente selon l'invention, une gorge 56 à fond 58 de forme cylindrique et à bords inférieur 60 et supérieur 62 inclinés. Les bords 60,62 en forme de tronc de cône assurent le raccordement de la gorge 56 aux portions inférieure 64 et supérieure 66 du noyau mobile 20 de section élargie. Dans la position de réglage minimale représentée sur la partie gauche de la figure 4, le flux magnétique parcourt un premier entrefer E1 entre le noyau mobile 20 et le noyau fixe 18, puis la face inférieure 14, la culasse 10, la face supérieure 12 et un deuxième entrefer E2 entre le bord de l'orifice 22 et le bord 62 de la gorge 56. Une force d'attraction F1 tend à attirer le noyau mobile 20 vers le noyau fixe 18 pour réduire le premier entrefer E1 et à cette force F1, s'ajoute une deuxième force F2 au niveau de l'entrefer E2. La gorge 56 est disposée de telle manière qu'en position de réglage minimale, le bord 62 est légèrement au dessus de l'orifice 22 pour engendrer une force ayant une composante F2 orientée en en direction du noyau fixe 18. En position de réglage maximale représenté sur la partie droite de la figure 4, l'entrefer E1 est notablement augmenté et le bord 60 vient en regard de l'orifice 22 en restant néanmoins en dessous de la face supérieure 12. L'entrefer E3 entre la surface polaire constituée par le bord 60 et la surface polaire constituée par le bord de l'orifice 22, engendre une force F3 orientée en direction opposée de la force F1 d'attraction du noyau plongeur mobile 20 en direction du noyau fixe 18. Il est facile de voir que les forces F2 et F3, dues à la gorge 56 permettent respectivement d'abaisser le seuil de déclenchement minimal et d'augmenter le seuil de déclenchement maximal, ce qui correspond à une gamme étendue de réglage du seuil de déclenchement, la force F1 devenant prépondérante à un certain moment.Referring more particularly to Figure 4, we see that the movable core 20 has according to the invention, a groove 56 with a bottom 58 of cylindrical shape and with lower edges 60 and upper 62 inclined. The edges 60, 62 in the shape of a truncated cone ensure the connection of the groove 56 to the lower 64 and upper 66 portions of the movable core 20 of enlarged section. In the minimum adjustment position shown on the left-hand side of FIG. 4, the magnetic flux travels through a first air gap E1 between the movable core 20 and the fixed core 18, then the lower face 14, the yoke 10, the upper face 12 and a second air gap E2 between the edge of the orifice 22 and the edge 62 of the groove 56. An attractive force F1 tends to attract the mobile core 20 towards the fixed core 18 to reduce the first air gap E1 and to this force F1 , a second force F2 is added at the air gap E2. The groove 56 is arranged so that in the minimum adjustment position, the edge 62 is slightly above the orifice 22 to generate a force having a component F2 oriented in the direction of the fixed core 18. In the maximum adjustment position represented on the right part of FIG. 4, the air gap E1 is notably increased and the edge 60 comes opposite the orifice 22 while nevertheless remaining below the upper face 12. The air gap E3 between the polar surface formed by the edge 60 and the pole surface formed by the edge of the orifice 22, generates a force F3 oriented in the opposite direction from the force F1 of attraction of the movable plunger core 20 towards the fixed core 18. It is easy to see that the forces F2 and F3, due to the groove 56 make it possible respectively to lower the minimum triggering threshold and to increase the maximum triggering threshold, which corresponds to a wide range of adjustment of the triggering threshold, the force F1 becoming preponderant at some point.

Un effet additionnel résulte du décalage de la bobine 16 en direction de la face inférieure 14 de façon à disposer l'entrefer E1, lors d'une position minimale, au voisinage du centre de la bobine 16 dans une zone de champ élevée et à décaler cet entrefer E1 en positon maximale vers une zone de champ réduit en bordure de la bobine 16. Il est clair que l'intensité du courant, parcourant la bobine 16, nécessaire pour attirer le noyau mobile 20 et provoquer le déclenchement sera inférieure dans la position de réglage minimale et supérieure, du fait de la réduction du champ en bordure de la bobine, lors d'une position maximale du noyau plongeur mobile 20. Le changement de la ligne d'action du ressort de rappel 36, lors d'un pivotement du levier pivotant 28 de façon à réduire la force de rappel exercée sur le noyau plongeur mobile 20 lors d'un rapprochement de ce dernier du noyau fixe 18, agit dans le même sens d'élargissement de la gamme des seuils de déclenchement. Dans l'exemple décrit sur les figures, les surfaces polaires de l'entrefer E1 sont coniques mais elles peuvent bien entendu être planes et la hauteur du noyau fixe 18 peut être réduite. Le dispositif de rappel peut être agencé différemment et le fourreau de guidage 24 peut être remplacé par tout autre moyen, notamment par une tige de guidage traversant le noyau plongeur mobile 20. La surface polaire de la culasse 10 définissant l'entrefer E2 et E3 peut être conformée différemment, en particulier être agrandie pour modifier la répartition des lignes de champ, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.An additional effect results from the offset of the coil 16 in the direction of the lower face 14 so as to arrange the air gap E1, in a minimum position, in the vicinity of the center of the coil 16 in a high field area and to be offset this air gap E1 in maximum position towards a reduced field area at the edge of the coil 16. It is clear that the intensity of the current flowing through the coil 16, necessary to attract the moving core 20 and cause tripping will be lower in the position minimum and higher adjustment, due to the reduction of the field at the edge of the coil, during a maximum position of the movable plunger core 20. The change of the line of action of the return spring 36, during a pivoting the pivoting lever 28 so as to reduce the restoring force exerted on the movable plunger core 20 when the latter is brought closer to the fixed core 18, acts in the same direction of widening the range of trigger thresholds. In the example described in the figures, the pole surfaces of the air gap E1 are conical but they can of course be flat and the height of the fixed core 18 can be reduced. The return device can be arranged differently and the guide sleeve 24 can be replaced by any other means, in particular by a guide rod passing through the movable plunger core 20. The pole surface of the yoke 10 defining the air gap E2 and E3 can be shaped differently, in particular be enlarged to modify the distribution of field lines, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Déclencheur électromagnétique pour un appareil électrique de protection, à réglage du seuil de déclenchement instantané, comprenant une culasse (10) présentant une face inférieure (14) et une face supérieure (12), un noyau (20) plongeur mobile axialement à travers un orifice (22) ménagé dans la face supérieure (12), une bobine (16) intercalée entre lesdites faces (12,14) et disposée autour du noyau mobile (20), un noyau fixe (18) solidaire de la face inférieure (14) de la culasse (10) et un ressort de rappel (36) sollicitant le noyau mobile en direction opposée du noyau fixe (18), caractérisé par un dispositif de réglage (28,50,52) de la position initiale du noyau mobile (20) entre une position maximale d'écartement du noyau fixe (18) et une position minimale et par une gorge (56) annulaire ménagée dans ledit noyau mobile (20)sur une distance axiale légèrement supérieure à la distance axiale entre lesdites positions maximale et minimale, dans la zone de ladite face supérieure (12), de telle manière que cette dernière est au voisinage de l'un (62) des bords de la gorge (56) en l'une desdites positions et au voisinage de l'autre (60) des bords de la gorge (56) en l'autre desdites positions.1. Electromagnetic trip device for an electrical protection device, with adjustment of the instantaneous triggering threshold, comprising a cylinder head (10) having a lower face (14) and an upper face (12), a core (20) plunger movable axially through an orifice (22) formed in the upper face (12), a coil (16) interposed between said faces (12,14) and disposed around the movable core (20), a fixed core (18) integral with the lower face ( 14) of the cylinder head (10) and a return spring (36) urging the movable core in the opposite direction from the fixed core (18), characterized by a device (28,50,52) for adjusting the initial position of the movable core (20) between a maximum position of separation of the fixed core (18) and a minimum position and by an annular groove (56) formed in said movable core (20) over an axial distance slightly greater than the axial distance between said maximum positions and minimal, in the area of said upper face (12), so that the latter is in the vicinity of one (62) of the edges of the groove (56) in one of said positions and in the vicinity of the other (60) of the edges of the groove (56) in l other of said positions. 2. Déclencheur électromagnétique à noyau mobile cylindrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite gorge (56) définit une portion cylindrique (58) intermédiaire du noyau mobile (20) de section inférieure à celle des portions cylindriques (64,66) encadrant axialement ladite portion intermédiaire.2. electromagnetic trip unit with a cylindrical movable core according to claim 1, characterized in that said groove (56) defines a cylindrical portion (58) intermediate of the movable core (20) of smaller cross section than that of the cylindrical portions (64,66) surrounding axially said intermediate portion. 3. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les deux bords (60,62) de ladite gorge (56) sont en forme de deux troncs de cône de raccordement de la portion intermédiaire (58) aux deux portions cylindriques (64,66) du noyau mobile pour définir avec ladite face supérieure (12) de la culasse (10) un entrefer incliné (E2,E3), susceptible d'engendrer une force ayant une composante axiale.3. An electromagnetic trip device according to claim 2, characterized in that the two edges (60,62) of said groove (56) are in the form of two trunks of cone connecting the intermediate portion (58) to the two cylindrical portions (64 , 66) of the movable core to define with said upper face (12) of the cylinder head (10) an inclined air gap (E2, E3), capable of generating a force having an axial component. 4. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon la revendication, 1,2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit orifice (22) ménagé dans la face supérieure (12) encadre le noyau mobile (20).4. Electromagnetic trip device according to claim, 1,2 or 3, characterized in that said orifice (22) formed in the upper face (12) frames the movable core (20). 5. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le noyau mobile (20) est relié mécaniquement à un levier pivotant (28) de commande de déclenchement en position attirée du noyau mobile, et qu'il comporte une butée (48) réglable pour définir la position initiale du noyau mobile.5. An electromagnetic trip device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable core (20) is mechanically connected to a pivoting lever (28) for triggering control in the attracted position of the movable core, and that it comprises a adjustable stop (48) for defining the initial position of the movable core. 6. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit ressort de rappel (36) est agencé pour exercer sur le noyau mobile (20) une force de rappel variable avec la position du noyau mobile et diminuant de la position maximale à la position minimale du noyau mobile.6. electromagnetic trip device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said return spring (36) is arranged to exert on the movable core (20) a variable restoring force with the position of the movable core and decreasing the maximum position at the minimum position of the movable core. 7. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon la revendication 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit ressort de rappel (36) exerce un moment sur ledit levier pivotant dont le bras diminue entre la position maximale et la position minimale du noyau mobile (20).7. Electromagnetic trip device according to claim 5 and 6, characterized in that said return spring (36) exerts a moment on said pivoting lever whose arm decreases between the maximum position and the minimum position of the movable core (20). 8. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le point d'ancrage (40) du ressort de rappel (36) est réglable pour régler la force de rappel exercée sur le noyau mobile (20).8. Electromagnetic trip device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the anchoring point (40) of the return spring (36) is adjustable to adjust the return force exerted on the movable core (20). 9. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite bobine (16) est décalée axialement en direction de ladite face inférieure (14) et entoure le noyau fixe (18) porté par ladite face inférieure qui pénètre à l'intérieur de la bobine.9. An electromagnetic trip device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said coil (16) is offset axially in the direction of said lower face (14) and surrounds the fixed core (18) carried by said lower face which penetrates inside the coil. 10. Déclencheur électromagnétique selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le noyau mobile (20) est dans ladite position maximale quasi à l'extérieur de ladite bobine (16).10. Electromagnetic trip device according to claim 9, characterized in that the movable core (20) is in said maximum position almost outside of said coil (16).
EP89400092A 1988-01-28 1989-01-12 Electromagnetic trip device with an adjustable trip level Expired - Lifetime EP0326449B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8801100A FR2626713B1 (en) 1988-01-28 1988-01-28 ELECTROMAGNETIC TRIGGER WITH TRIGGER THRESHOLD ADJUSTMENT
FR8801100 1988-01-28

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EP0326449A1 true EP0326449A1 (en) 1989-08-02
EP0326449B1 EP0326449B1 (en) 1993-09-29

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EP (1) EP0326449B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2845917B2 (en)
DE (1) DE68909431T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2046495T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2626713B1 (en)

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US6930575B2 (en) 2001-12-20 2005-08-16 Abb Service S.R.L. Electromagnetic relay for low-voltage circuit breaker
FR2958447A1 (en) * 2010-04-02 2011-10-07 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Electromagnetic tripping device for double-break low voltage multi-polar type breaker, has airgap between heads and adjustable core maximum to rest position, and adjustment units adjusting airgap value along displacement axis of core
CN103617929A (en) * 2013-10-21 2014-03-05 浙江共同电子科技有限公司 Intelligent circuit breaker of double-electromagnet structure
CN103617929B (en) * 2013-10-21 2016-03-30 浙江共同电子科技有限公司 A kind of intelligent breaker of double electromagnet structure
CN110739191A (en) * 2018-07-20 2020-01-31 施耐德电器工业公司 Electromagnetic release

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2626713A1 (en) 1989-08-04
DE68909431D1 (en) 1993-11-04
JPH01225025A (en) 1989-09-07
EP0326449B1 (en) 1993-09-29
DE68909431T2 (en) 1994-05-05
ES2046495T3 (en) 1994-02-01
JP2845917B2 (en) 1999-01-13
US4939492A (en) 1990-07-03
FR2626713B1 (en) 1990-06-01

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