EP0323659A2 - Method for preparing a granular detergent material - Google Patents
Method for preparing a granular detergent material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0323659A2 EP0323659A2 EP19880202736 EP88202736A EP0323659A2 EP 0323659 A2 EP0323659 A2 EP 0323659A2 EP 19880202736 EP19880202736 EP 19880202736 EP 88202736 A EP88202736 A EP 88202736A EP 0323659 A2 EP0323659 A2 EP 0323659A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- granulising
- particles
- binder
- detergent
- detergent component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlormequat chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCl UHZZMRAGKVHANO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 builders Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N(C(C)=O)CCN(C(C)=O)C(C)=O BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N mellitic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (carboxymethoxy)succinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)COC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGTPNDHOHCFDTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triphosphonopropan-2-ylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CC(P(O)(O)=O)(P(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O OGTPNDHOHCFDTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFRLSTJPMFGBDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphosphonoethylphosphonic acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)CC(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O SFRLSTJPMFGBDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVPHSTVRTGSOSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,3-triphosphonopropylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C(P(O)(O)=O)CC(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O YVPHSTVRTGSOSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVVZBNKWTVZSIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(carboxymethoxy)propanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)COC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O LVVZBNKWTVZSIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- NQPIQKNRQKVBEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(=O)(O)P(=O)(O)OP(=O)O Chemical compound C(=O)(O)P(=O)(O)OP(=O)O NQPIQKNRQKVBEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical class OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVZNUJHAOZIKDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(O)(O)=O.P(O)(O)=O.C=C Chemical class P(O)(O)=O.P(O)(O)=O.C=C RVZNUJHAOZIKDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010038731 Respiratory tract irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NZSIEUJMXKIAOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [CH2]C[K] Chemical group [CH2]C[K] NZSIEUJMXKIAOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011246 composite particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PMYUVOOOQDGQNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexasodium;trioxido(trioxidosilyloxy)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] PMYUVOOOQDGQNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- MBKDYNNUVRNNRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N medronic acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)CP(O)(O)=O MBKDYNNUVRNNRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010020132 microbial serine proteinases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJZKOAYDRQLPME-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)P(O)(O)=O HJZKOAYDRQLPME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004230 oxidronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATGAWOHQWWULNK-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentapotassium;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O ATGAWOHQWWULNK-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 235000020030 perry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002264 triphosphate group Chemical class [H]OP(=O)(O[H])OP(=O)(O[H])OP(=O)(O[H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910009112 xH2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/221—Mono, di- or trisaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
- C11D13/14—Shaping
- C11D13/20—Shaping in the form of small particles, e.g. powder or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/08—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3761—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in solid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/06—Inorganic compounds
- C11D9/08—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D9/10—Salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/225—Polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
- C11D9/262—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen containing carbohydrates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for preparing a granular detergent material. More in particular, it relates to a method for preparing said granules from a dusty detergent component, such as soap, builders, e.g. sodium tripolyphosphate, surfactants, e.g. alkyl benzene sulphonate, soda ash, and corrosion inhibitors, such as disilicate.
- a dusty detergent component such as soap, builders, e.g. sodium tripolyphosphate, surfactants, e.g. alkyl benzene sulphonate, soda ash, and corrosion inhibitors, such as disilicate.
- Soap is a common ingredient of detergent powder compositions. It may be included as a detergent active, a builder or a foam suppressor. It may be added to a slurry which is subsequently spray-dried, or dry-mixed with other particulate ingredients, including composite particles which are themselves the product of a spray-drying process.
- soap When supplied as a raw material for incorporating in such compositions, soap is often in the form of a fine dusty powder. As well as being messy in the handling, such powders have a tendency to cause respiratory tract irritation in those working with them.
- US Patents 3,761,549 and 3,588,950 describe a process of making non-dusty granulates by means of gas fluidisation in a rotating drum.
- Granules which, it is said, can be made in this way include those with a core of potassium soap coated with sodium soap, a core of a strong caustic detergent coated with a mild caustic detergent or a core of potassium soap with a coating of metasilicate.
- the core is formed by interactions during the fluidisation process and the coating is applied by spraying-on the coating as a liquid.
- non-dusting soap granulates are formed by mixing soap dust with fatty acid and an alkaline material which saponifies the acid.
- the resultant particles consist of two kinds of soaps.
- non-dusting granules of a detergent component may be made in a simplified process, optionally in mixture with a wide variety of other materials.
- the detergent component can be worked into a substantially non-dusty form from a pre-mix comprising:
- This pre-mix is used to prepare a granular detergent material having a core of granulising particles coated with a detergent component and a binder, comprising up to 40% by weight of the detergent component and from 1 to 10% by weight of the binder.
- this granular detergent material can vary. However, it is believed that the granulising particles are coated with the detergent component and the binder.
- the dusty detergent component and the granulising particles are admixed intimately and the resultant product is then admixed with the binder to form said pre-mix. Mixing of the pre-mix then continues until the granular detergent material is formed.
- This granular detergent material is considerably less dusty than, for instance, known fine soap powders, yet the process defined above for its production is more cost-effective than extrusion techniques and the like.
- granulating as an adjective is used to refer to components which are capable of being processed to form compositions comprising granules.
- granulising is used to refer to particles which are capable of acting on other substances, during processing, to form those substances into granules.
- the granules obtained are, by themselves, suitable for incorporation in complete detergent powder compositions which also comprise one or more synthetic detergent actives selected from anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants.
- These complete compositions preferably also contain other ingredients usual in such powders, for example detergency builders (i.e. substances which sequester and/or precipitate calcium ions contributing to water hardness), soil-suspending and anti-redeposition agents, corrosion inhibitors, buffers, bleaches (including low-temperature systems comprising a bleach precursor and an activator therefor), enzymes, enzyme stabilisers, lather boosters or foam depressors, dyes, pigments, fluorescers and perfumes etc.
- detergency builders i.e. substances which sequester and/or precipitate calcium ions contributing to water hardness
- soil-suspending and anti-redeposition agents i.e. substances which sequester and/or precipitate calcium ions contributing to water
- Soap-containing complete detergent powder compositions for which soap-containing granules according to the present invention are well suited to formulating include those generically and specifically described in patent specification EP-A-117,568.
- the base mixture also contains the granulising particles.
- the granulising particles should be of one or more substances which are usual ingredients in detergent powders such as recited in the preceding paragraph.
- One preferred class of granulising particles comprises neutral and alkaline salts of alkali metal cations and organic or inorganic anions, into which class fall many of the aforementioned "usual ingredients" (which will be mentioned in more detail hereinbelow).
- especially preferred salts are the alkali metal metasilicates (preferably hydrated), for example sodium metasilicate 5 aq. which is a corrosion inhibitor/alkaline buffer.
- granulising particles whether salts or otherwise, as a general rule it is preferred that they should not be too pervious to water, which is why the salts should be hydrated.
- the granulising particles should also be capable of surviving without fragmentation in the mixing apparatus used ( vide infra ).
- the dusty detergent component may, in principle, be any usual detergent component.
- the process of the invention is particularly suited for soap; builders like sodium tripolyphosphate, zeolite or polyacrylates; surfactants, such as alkyl benzene sulphonate; soda ash; and corrosion inhibitors, such as disilicate. Especially good results are obtained for dusty soap powders.
- the detergent component may be of any kind, provided it is compatible with the binder, the granulising particles and the mixing apparatus. On the latter point, it is believed to be important that it should not soften too much or melt with the heat of mixing, although some softening may aid the granulation process.
- it will be added to the mixer in the form of the known fine dusty powders, in order to convert it to a more acceptable form. However, in some circumstances it may be possible to add them as larger particles or even lumps, depending on the type of mixer, the kind of detergent component and the working temperature.
- soaps which are capable of producing extremely good quality granules by this invention are tallow and hardened fish/rape soaps. In the case of softer soaps, better results may be obtained if the mixture is cooled during processing.
- the binder is any substance capable of bonding the fine detergent component particles to form and maintain granules thereof and to enable them to coat the granulising particles. Thus, it should be compatible with the detergent component and with the granulising particles. It should also possess a "setting property", either alone or by interaction with the detergent component. Especially useful are aqueous-based binders, in which the detergent component is at least partly soluble, for example aqueous solutions of sugars, polyacrylate polymers or neutral waterglass, the latter being most preferred, or water. Generally, these substances will be used at aqueous concentrations at which the liquid is viscous and 'sticky'. Thus, for example, waterglasses may be in solutions from about 25% to about 50% by weight, typically around 34% by weight. It is also possible to utilise gums and the like.
- the binder may also contain other ingredients such as dyes, optical brighteners and the like.
- ingredients mentioned above in respect of complete detergent powder compositions are the synthetic anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants. These will be well known to those skilled in the art and, for example, may be selected from the classes, sub-classes and individual agents described in "Surface Active Agents", Vol. I by Schwartz & Perry (Interscience 1949) and “Surface Active Agents", Vol. II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch (Interscience 1958).
- the preferred but optional other ingredients of the complete composition are the "usual ingredients". Most important of these are the detergency builders. Those which are crystalline, and in some cases amorphous, inorganic or non-polymeric organic salts may either be added to the complete detergent powder composition and/or constitute the granulising particles.
- This class includes water-soluble alkali metal phosphates, triphosphates, polyphosphates, silicates, borates, and also carbonates. Specific examples of such salts are sodium and potassium triphosphates, pyrophosphates, orthophosphates, hexametaphosphates, tetraborates, neutral silicates and carbonates.
- aluminosilicate is an amorphous water-insoluble hydrated compound of the formula Na x (AlO2.SiO2)y, wherein x is a number from 1.0 to 1.2 and y is 1, said amorphous material being further characterised by an Mg++ exchange capacity of from 50 mg eq. CaCO3/g to about 150 mq eg. CaCO3/g and a particle diameter of from about 0.01 micron to about 5 microns.
- This ion exchange builder is more fully described in British Patent Specification No. 1 470 250.
- a second such water-insoluble synthetic aluminosilicate ion exchage material is crystalline and has the formula Na z [(AlO2) y (SiO2)] xH2O, wherein z and y are integers of at least 6; the molar ratio of z to y is in the range from 1.0 to about 0.5, and x is an integer from about 15 to about 264, said aluminosilicate ion exchange material having a particle size diameter from about 0.1 micron to about 100 microns; a calcium ion exchange capacity on an anhydrous basis of at least about 200 milligrams equivalent of CaCO3 hardness per gram; and a calcium ion exchange rate on an anhydrous basis of at least about 2 gralns/gallon/minute/gram.
- These synthetic aluminosilicates are more fully described in British Patent Specification No. 1 429 143.
- Suitable organic builder salts in this class are:
- alkali metal salts of ethane-2-carboxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid include the alkali metal salts of ethane-2-carboxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid, hydroxymethane diphosphonic acid, carboxyl diphosphonic acid, ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1,2-triphosphonic acid, ethane-2-hydroxy-1,1,2-triphosphonic acid, propane-1,1,3,3-tetraphosphonic acid, propane-1,1,2,3,-tetraphosphonic acid, and propane-1,2,2,3-tetraphosphonic acid.
- alkylmalonates, alkylsuccinates, alkylsulphocarboxylates and carboxymethyloxymalonates include the salts of the free acids or of esters thereof.
- Other polycarboxylate builders which can be used satisfactorily, include water-soluble salts of mellitic acid, citric acid, and carboxymethyloxy succinic acid and salts of polymers of itaconic acid
- polystyrene builders are the water-soluble salts of polycarboxylate polymers and copolymers as described in U.S. Patent Specification No. 3 308 067.
- oxygen bleaches such as alkali metal peroxygen compounds (perborates, percarbonates, etc.) as well as activators therefor.
- activators A large number of such activators is known, but one preferred agent in the context of this invention, especially as the granulising particles, is N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetyl ethylenediamine, otherwise known as TAED.
- the pre-mix and granular detergent material described above may be prepared, using any mixing apparatus according to the scale intended but the Lödige (Trade Mark) batch-type of mixers, for example the FKM-range, are especially preferred.
- the dusty detergent component and the granulising particles are admixed for about half to about 5 minutes (typically about 3); the binder is then added in an amount which by simple trial and error will be found to yield the best formed particles with minimum lumps present.
- a good guide is to add the binder slowly until the mix just takes on a slightly wet appearance. Below this concentration there is an increasing tendency for the granules to form imperfectly. Above this level, there is a progressive tendency for the mixture to stick to the knives of the mixer and eventually form lumps which contaminate the final product.
- mixing is continued for at least 3 minutes, most preferably for 5 or even 10 minutes, the best results being obtained after about 15 minutes or more.
- the binder is added in an amount of about 1 to about 10% by weight, but we have found that in most situations the optimum is in the range from about 5 to about 7%. Generally speaking, the more dusty detergent component is present, the more binder is needed. It is possible to granulate up to 40% by weight of detergent component in the total composition by this method, but normally this will be from about 25 to about 38%. In most situations, the balance of the pre-mix will consist only of the granulising particles, but optionally small amounts of other components may also be present.
- Granulising particles may be chosen from amongst a very wide range of particle sizes.
- average particle size means the diameter value in which 50% of the particles are larger and 50% are smaller. Of course, the particles will not be as small as the fine dusty detergent component referred to previously. In general, the average particle size will be from about 75 ⁇ m to about 4,000 ⁇ m, preferably from about 250 ⁇ m to about 2,500 ⁇ m.
- compositions were prepared by mixing of soap and granulising particles for three minutes in a Lödige M 20 (a batch-type of mixer), followed by addition of the binder and continued mixing for a further 15 minutes. In all cases the resulting product was a granular mixture. The products had the consistency shown. All amounts are percentages by weight.
- Particle Size Distribution (%) ⁇ 180 ⁇ m 21.1 >500 ⁇ m 16.6 >180 ⁇ m 13.3 >710 ⁇ m 11.2 >250 ⁇ m 28.4 >1000 ⁇ m 9.5
- Amounts are in percentages by weight.
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using as the dusty detergent component a mixture of : Alkyl benzene sulphonate 18.0 Burkeite adjunct 20.0 Soap 4.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5 Savinase (enzyme) 0.65 Perfume 0.35 Na-metasilicate 5 aq. 6.0 the granulising particles : STP 48.5 binder : Na-waterglass solution, 34% 2.0 A free-flowing mixture of granular particles was obtained having excellent powder properties.
- the dusty detergent component a mixture of : Alkyl benzene sulphonate 18.0 Burkeite adjunct 20.0 Soap 4.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5 Savinase (enzyme) 0.65 Perfume 0.35 Na-metasilicate 5 aq. 6.0 the granulising particles : STP 48.5 binder : Na-waterglass solution, 34% 2.0 A free-flowing mixture of granular particles was obtained having excellent powder properties.
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using dusty sodium tripolyphosphate (20.1%), sodium metasilicate.5 aq. (77.9%) as granulising particles and a 34% solution of sodium waterglass (2.0%) as binder. Granules having good powder properties were obtained.
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using dusty alkylbenzene sulphonate (26.0%), sodium tripolyphosphate particles (72.5%) as granulising particles and a 34% solution of sodium waterglass (1.5%) as binder. Granules having good powder properties were obtained.
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using dusty soda ash (15.0%), sodium metasilicate.5 aq. particles (79.1%) as granulising particles and a 34% solution of waterglass (5-7%) as binder. The properties of the granules obtained were good.
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using dusty sodium disilicate (20.0%), STP granules (78.0%) as granulising particles and water (2.0%) as binder.
- the granules obtained had good powder properties.
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Abstract
- a) from 1-10% by weight of a binder; and
- b) up to 40% by weight of a dusty detergent component;
- c) the balance being granulising particles capable of granulising the dusty detergent component in the presence of a binder.
Description
- The present invention relates to a method for preparing a granular detergent material. More in particular, it relates to a method for preparing said granules from a dusty detergent component, such as soap, builders, e.g. sodium tripolyphosphate, surfactants, e.g. alkyl benzene sulphonate, soda ash, and corrosion inhibitors, such as disilicate.
- Furthermore, it relates to the granular detergent material thereby obtained.
- Soap is a common ingredient of detergent powder compositions. It may be included as a detergent active, a builder or a foam suppressor. It may be added to a slurry which is subsequently spray-dried, or dry-mixed with other particulate ingredients, including composite particles which are themselves the product of a spray-drying process.
- When supplied as a raw material for incorporating in such compositions, soap is often in the form of a fine dusty powder. As well as being messy in the handling, such powders have a tendency to cause respiratory tract irritation in those working with them.
- Other detergent components, such as mentioned above, are also often provided in the form of fine powders. In the case of alkaline detergent components, such as soda ash, the dangers of handling these substances are even more pronounced.
- As to soap, it is known to incorporate extruded soap "noodles" in detergent compositions, which have a "particle" size much greater than found in the aforementioned dusty powders. However, this is often done purely for visual appeal, e.g. when such noodles are deliberately coloured, and this is not a very cost-effective means of supplying the soap, especially when formulating dry mixed powders.
- US Patents 3,761,549 and 3,588,950 describe a process of making non-dusty granulates by means of gas fluidisation in a rotating drum. Granules which, it is said, can be made in this way include those with a core of potassium soap coated with sodium soap, a core of a strong caustic detergent coated with a mild caustic detergent or a core of potassium soap with a coating of metasilicate. As described, the core is formed by interactions during the fluidisation process and the coating is applied by spraying-on the coating as a liquid.
- According to US Patent 2,730,507, non-dusting soap granulates are formed by mixing soap dust with fatty acid and an alkaline material which saponifies the acid. Thus, the resultant particles consist of two kinds of soaps.
- We have now found that non-dusting granules of a detergent component may be made in a simplified process, optionally in mixture with a wide variety of other materials.
- In particular, we have now found that the detergent component can be worked into a substantially non-dusty form from a pre-mix comprising:
- a) from 1-10% by weight of the binder;
- b) up to 40% by weight of a dusty detergent component;
- c) the balance being the granulising particles.
- This pre-mix is used to prepare a granular detergent material having a core of granulising particles coated with a detergent component and a binder, comprising up to 40% by weight of the detergent component and from 1 to 10% by weight of the binder.
- The physical structure of this granular detergent material can vary. However, it is believed that the granulising particles are coated with the detergent component and the binder.
- The dusty detergent component and the granulising particles are admixed intimately and the resultant product is then admixed with the binder to form said pre-mix. Mixing of the pre-mix then continues until the granular detergent material is formed.
- This granular detergent material is considerably less dusty than, for instance, known fine soap powders, yet the process defined above for its production is more cost-effective than extrusion techniques and the like.
- In the context of the specification, "granulating" as an adjective is used to refer to components which are capable of being processed to form compositions comprising granules. On the other hand, "granulising" is used to refer to particles which are capable of acting on other substances, during processing, to form those substances into granules.
- The granules obtained are, by themselves, suitable for incorporation in complete detergent powder compositions which also comprise one or more synthetic detergent actives selected from anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants. These complete compositions preferably also contain other ingredients usual in such powders, for example detergency builders (i.e. substances which sequester and/or precipitate calcium ions contributing to water hardness), soil-suspending and anti-redeposition agents, corrosion inhibitors, buffers, bleaches (including low-temperature systems comprising a bleach precursor and an activator therefor), enzymes, enzyme stabilisers, lather boosters or foam depressors, dyes, pigments, fluorescers and perfumes etc.
- Soap-containing complete detergent powder compositions for which soap-containing granules according to the present invention are well suited to formulating include those generically and specifically described in patent specification EP-A-117,568.
- As well as the detergent component, the base mixture also contains the granulising particles. Thus, it is preferred and desirable that these should have a beneficial effect in the complete composition. Therefore, it is preferred that the granulising particles should be of one or more substances which are usual ingredients in detergent powders such as recited in the preceding paragraph.
- One preferred class of granulising particles comprises neutral and alkaline salts of alkali metal cations and organic or inorganic anions, into which class fall many of the aforementioned "usual ingredients" (which will be mentioned in more detail hereinbelow). For example, especially preferred salts are the alkali metal metasilicates (preferably hydrated), for example sodium metasilicate 5 aq. which is a corrosion inhibitor/alkaline buffer. Examples of other suitable salts are alkali metal orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and tripolyphosphates, such as potassium pyrophosphate 3 aq. and anhydrous sodium tripolyphosphate.
- Alternatively, it is possible to use granulising particles which will have no particular benefit when incorporated in a complete detergent composition; so in that case, one would either have to accept their presence in the composition and accept the ensuing increase in costs.
- For all granulising particles, whether salts or otherwise, as a general rule it is preferred that they should not be too pervious to water, which is why the salts should be hydrated. The granulising particles should also be capable of surviving without fragmentation in the mixing apparatus used (vide infra).
- The dusty detergent component may, in principle, be any usual detergent component. However, it was found that the process of the invention is particularly suited for soap; builders like sodium tripolyphosphate, zeolite or polyacrylates; surfactants, such as alkyl benzene sulphonate; soda ash; and corrosion inhibitors, such as disilicate. Especially good results are obtained for dusty soap powders.
- In general, the detergent component may be of any kind, provided it is compatible with the binder, the granulising particles and the mixing apparatus. On the latter point, it is believed to be important that it should not soften too much or melt with the heat of mixing, although some softening may aid the granulation process. Generally it will be added to the mixer in the form of the known fine dusty powders, in order to convert it to a more acceptable form. However, in some circumstances it may be possible to add them as larger particles or even lumps, depending on the type of mixer, the kind of detergent component and the working temperature. Amongst soaps which are capable of producing extremely good quality granules by this invention are tallow and hardened fish/rape soaps. In the case of softer soaps, better results may be obtained if the mixture is cooled during processing.
- The binder is any substance capable of bonding the fine detergent component particles to form and maintain granules thereof and to enable them to coat the granulising particles. Thus, it should be compatible with the detergent component and with the granulising particles. It should also possess a "setting property", either alone or by interaction with the detergent component. Especially useful are aqueous-based binders, in which the detergent component is at least partly soluble, for example aqueous solutions of sugars, polyacrylate polymers or neutral waterglass, the latter being most preferred, or water. Generally, these substances will be used at aqueous concentrations at which the liquid is viscous and 'sticky'. Thus, for example, waterglasses may be in solutions from about 25% to about 50% by weight, typically around 34% by weight. It is also possible to utilise gums and the like. The binder may also contain other ingredients such as dyes, optical brighteners and the like.
- Amongst the ingredients mentioned above in respect of complete detergent powder compositions are the synthetic anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitterionic and amphoteric surfactants. These will be well known to those skilled in the art and, for example, may be selected from the classes, sub-classes and individual agents described in "Surface Active Agents", Vol. I by Schwartz & Perry (Interscience 1949) and "Surface Active Agents", Vol. II by Schwartz, Perry and Berch (Interscience 1958).
- The preferred but optional other ingredients of the complete composition are the "usual ingredients". Most important of these are the detergency builders. Those which are crystalline, and in some cases amorphous, inorganic or non-polymeric organic salts may either be added to the complete detergent powder composition and/or constitute the granulising particles. This class includes water-soluble alkali metal phosphates, triphosphates, polyphosphates, silicates, borates, and also carbonates. Specific examples of such salts are sodium and potassium triphosphates, pyrophosphates, orthophosphates, hexametaphosphates, tetraborates, neutral silicates and carbonates.
- Also in this class are the crystalline and amorphous zeolites and aluminosilicates. One such aluminosilicate is an amorphous water-insoluble hydrated compound of the formula Nax(AlO₂.SiO₂)y, wherein x is a number from 1.0 to 1.2 and y is 1, said amorphous material being further characterised by an Mg⁺⁺ exchange capacity of from 50 mg eq. CaCO₃/g to about 150 mq eg. CaCO₃/g and a particle diameter of from about 0.01 micron to about 5 microns. This ion exchange builder is more fully described in British Patent Specification No. 1 470 250.
- A second such water-insoluble synthetic aluminosilicate ion exchage material is crystalline and has the formula Naz [(AlO₂)y(SiO₂)] xH₂O, wherein z and y are integers of at least 6; the molar ratio of z to y is in the range from 1.0 to about 0.5, and x is an integer from about 15 to about 264, said aluminosilicate ion exchange material having a particle size diameter from about 0.1 micron to about 100 microns; a calcium ion exchange capacity on an anhydrous basis of at least about 200 milligrams equivalent of CaCO₃ hardness per gram; and a calcium ion exchange rate on an anhydrous basis of at least about 2 gralns/gallon/minute/gram. These synthetic aluminosilicates are more fully described in British Patent Specification No. 1 429 143.
- Examples of suitable organic builder salts in this class are:
- (1) water-soluble amino polycarboxylates, e.g. sodium and potassium ethylene diamine tetraacetates, nitrilotriacetates and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-nitrilodiacetates;
- (2) water-soluble salts of phytic acid, e.g. sodium and potassium phytates (see U.S. Patent Specification No. 2 379 942);
- (3) water-soluble polyphosphonates, including specifically sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid; sodium, potassium and lithium salts of methylene diphosphonic acid; sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethylene di-phosphonic acid; and sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethane-1,1,2-triphosphonic acid.
- Other examples include the alkali metal salts of ethane-2-carboxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid, hydroxymethane diphosphonic acid, carboxyl diphosphonic acid, ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1,2-triphosphonic acid, ethane-2-hydroxy-1,1,2-triphosphonic acid, propane-1,1,3,3-tetraphosphonic acid, propane-1,1,2,3,-tetraphosphonic acid, and propane-1,2,2,3-tetraphosphonic acid. Further examples are alkylmalonates, alkylsuccinates, alkylsulphocarboxylates and carboxymethyloxymalonates. These include the salts of the free acids or of esters thereof. Other polycarboxylate builders which can be used satisfactorily, include water-soluble salts of mellitic acid, citric acid, and carboxymethyloxy succinic acid and salts of polymers of itaconic acid and maleic acid.
- Builders which would normally be added only to the complete composition (unless formulated into a substantially non-water pervious forms) are the polymer builders.
- Amongst these polymer builders are the water-soluble salts of polycarboxylate polymers and copolymers as described in U.S. Patent Specification No. 3 308 067.
- Other usual ingredients which may be used as the granulising particles (as well as or alternatively being added in the complete composition are the oxygen bleaches such as alkali metal peroxygen compounds (perborates, percarbonates, etc.) as well as activators therefor. A large number of such activators is known, but one preferred agent in the context of this invention, especially as the granulising particles, is N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetyl ethylenediamine, otherwise known as TAED.
- The foregoing list of usual ingredients for use as the granulising particles or in the complete composition is not exhaustive and in the light of the teaching herein, a wide range of alternatives will now be appreciated by the skilled worker in this art.
- The pre-mix and granular detergent material described above may be prepared, using any mixing apparatus according to the scale intended but the Lödige (Trade Mark) batch-type of mixers, for example the FKM-range, are especially preferred.
- In the Lödige batch-type of mixer, it has been found preferable for the dusty detergent component and the granulising particles to be admixed for about half to about 5 minutes (typically about 3); the binder is then added in an amount which by simple trial and error will be found to yield the best formed particles with minimum lumps present. A good guide is to add the binder slowly until the mix just takes on a slightly wet appearance. Below this concentration there is an increasing tendency for the granules to form imperfectly. Above this level, there is a progressive tendency for the mixture to stick to the knives of the mixer and eventually form lumps which contaminate the final product. After addition of the binder, mixing is continued for at least 3 minutes, most preferably for 5 or even 10 minutes, the best results being obtained after about 15 minutes or more.
- The binder is added in an amount of about 1 to about 10% by weight, but we have found that in most situations the optimum is in the range from about 5 to about 7%. Generally speaking, the more dusty detergent component is present, the more binder is needed. It is possible to granulate up to 40% by weight of detergent component in the total composition by this method, but normally this will be from about 25 to about 38%. In most situations, the balance of the pre-mix will consist only of the granulising particles, but optionally small amounts of other components may also be present.
- Granulising particles may be chosen from amongst a very wide range of particle sizes. Here, average particle size means the diameter value in which 50% of the particles are larger and 50% are smaller. Of course, the particles will not be as small as the fine dusty detergent component referred to previously. In general, the average particle size will be from about 75 µm to about 4,000 µm, preferably from about 250 µm to about 2,500 µm.
- The invention will now be explained better by way of the following non-limiting Examples.
- The following compositions were prepared by mixing of soap and granulising particles for three minutes in a Lödige M 20 (a batch-type of mixer), followed by addition of the binder and continued mixing for a further 15 minutes. In all cases the resulting product was a granular mixture. The products had the consistency shown. All amounts are percentages by weight.
Particle Size Distribution (%) <180 µm 21.1 >500 µm 16.6 >180 µm 13.3 >710 µm 11.2 >250 µm 28.4 >1000 µm 9.5 - To compare different granulising particles, the following were prepared. In all cases the resulting product was good non-dusty, non-sticky granules.
-
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using as the dusty detergent component a mixture of :
Alkyl benzene sulphonate 18.0 Burkeite adjunct 20.0 Soap 4.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5 Savinase (enzyme) 0.65 Perfume 0.35 Na-metasilicate 5 aq. 6.0 STP 48.5 Na-waterglass solution, 34% 2.0 - Examples 1-3 were repeated, using dusty sodium tripolyphosphate (20.1%), sodium metasilicate.5 aq. (77.9%) as granulising particles and a 34% solution of sodium waterglass (2.0%) as binder. Granules having good powder properties were obtained.
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using dusty alkylbenzene sulphonate (26.0%), sodium tripolyphosphate particles (72.5%) as granulising particles and a 34% solution of sodium waterglass (1.5%) as binder. Granules having good powder properties were obtained.
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using dusty soda ash (15.0%), sodium metasilicate.5 aq. particles (79.1%) as granulising particles and a 34% solution of waterglass (5-7%) as binder. The properties of the granules obtained were good.
- Examples 1-3 were repeated, using dusty sodium disilicate (20.0%), STP granules (78.0%) as granulising particles and water (2.0%) as binder. The granules obtained had good powder properties.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB878728959A GB8728959D0 (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1987-12-11 | Soap based compositions |
GB8728959 | 1987-12-11 |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0323659A2 true EP0323659A2 (en) | 1989-07-12 |
EP0323659A3 EP0323659A3 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
EP0323659B1 EP0323659B1 (en) | 1995-01-11 |
EP0323659B2 EP0323659B2 (en) | 1998-02-25 |
Family
ID=10628354
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88202736A Expired - Lifetime EP0323659B2 (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1988-11-30 | Method for preparing a granular detergent material |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0323659B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU615239B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3852754T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2067467T5 (en) |
FI (1) | FI885665A (en) |
GB (1) | GB8728959D0 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ227224A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA889240B (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0388705A1 (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-09-26 | Kao Corporation | Process for the continuous granulation of high-density detergent granules and apparatus therefor |
EP0612843A1 (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1994-08-31 | Unilever N.V. | Granular acidic cleaners |
WO1997002339A1 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1997-01-23 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Granulated, powder- and fines-free detergents and cleaners of high bulk density |
US5703027A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1997-12-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Monomeric rich silicate system in automatic dishwashing composition with improved glass etching |
GB2343191A (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2000-05-03 | Procter & Gamble | Low dusting components for detergent compositions |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1813701A (en) * | 1927-10-20 | 1931-07-07 | Alden Speare S Sons Co | Detergent |
US3329616A (en) * | 1963-07-31 | 1967-07-04 | Monsanto Co | Process for preparing detergents |
DE2340882A1 (en) * | 1972-08-17 | 1974-02-21 | Lion Fat Oil Co Ltd | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING KOERNIGER DETERGENTS AND CLEANING AGENTS |
CA1056687A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1979-06-19 | Conn Chem Limited | Process for the manufacture of a dishwashing detergent |
US4207197A (en) * | 1978-08-09 | 1980-06-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Agglomeration process for making granular detergents |
EP0075250A2 (en) * | 1981-09-17 | 1983-03-30 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of a granulated raw material for detergents |
EP0108429A1 (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1984-05-16 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Granular detergents containing pyrophosphate and polyacrylate polymer |
-
1987
- 1987-12-11 GB GB878728959A patent/GB8728959D0/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-11-30 DE DE3852754T patent/DE3852754T3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-11-30 EP EP88202736A patent/EP0323659B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-11-30 ES ES88202736T patent/ES2067467T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-06 NZ NZ227224A patent/NZ227224A/en unknown
- 1988-12-07 FI FI885665A patent/FI885665A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-07 AU AU26674/88A patent/AU615239B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-12-09 ZA ZA889240A patent/ZA889240B/en unknown
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1813701A (en) * | 1927-10-20 | 1931-07-07 | Alden Speare S Sons Co | Detergent |
US3329616A (en) * | 1963-07-31 | 1967-07-04 | Monsanto Co | Process for preparing detergents |
DE2340882A1 (en) * | 1972-08-17 | 1974-02-21 | Lion Fat Oil Co Ltd | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING KOERNIGER DETERGENTS AND CLEANING AGENTS |
CA1056687A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1979-06-19 | Conn Chem Limited | Process for the manufacture of a dishwashing detergent |
US4207197A (en) * | 1978-08-09 | 1980-06-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Agglomeration process for making granular detergents |
EP0075250A2 (en) * | 1981-09-17 | 1983-03-30 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of a granulated raw material for detergents |
EP0108429A1 (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1984-05-16 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Granular detergents containing pyrophosphate and polyacrylate polymer |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0388705A1 (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1990-09-26 | Kao Corporation | Process for the continuous granulation of high-density detergent granules and apparatus therefor |
US5018671A (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1991-05-28 | Kao Corporation | Process for the continuous granulation of high density detergent granules |
EP0612843A1 (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1994-08-31 | Unilever N.V. | Granular acidic cleaners |
US5703027A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1997-12-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Monomeric rich silicate system in automatic dishwashing composition with improved glass etching |
WO1997002339A1 (en) * | 1995-07-06 | 1997-01-23 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Granulated, powder- and fines-free detergents and cleaners of high bulk density |
GB2343191A (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2000-05-03 | Procter & Gamble | Low dusting components for detergent compositions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0323659B1 (en) | 1995-01-11 |
DE3852754T2 (en) | 1995-05-18 |
ZA889240B (en) | 1990-08-29 |
EP0323659B2 (en) | 1998-02-25 |
ES2067467T3 (en) | 1995-04-01 |
DE3852754T3 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
ES2067467T5 (en) | 1998-05-16 |
EP0323659A3 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
AU615239B2 (en) | 1991-09-26 |
NZ227224A (en) | 1991-07-26 |
AU2667488A (en) | 1989-06-15 |
DE3852754D1 (en) | 1995-02-23 |
FI885665A (en) | 1989-06-12 |
GB8728959D0 (en) | 1988-01-27 |
FI885665A0 (en) | 1988-12-07 |
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