EP0321483A1 - Rotary pump with minimized friction and respecting the integrity of conveyed material - Google Patents

Rotary pump with minimized friction and respecting the integrity of conveyed material

Info

Publication number
EP0321483A1
EP0321483A1 EP19870905624 EP87905624A EP0321483A1 EP 0321483 A1 EP0321483 A1 EP 0321483A1 EP 19870905624 EP19870905624 EP 19870905624 EP 87905624 A EP87905624 A EP 87905624A EP 0321483 A1 EP0321483 A1 EP 0321483A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
valve
cavity
rotary pump
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19870905624
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Damien Thiolet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0321483A1 publication Critical patent/EP0321483A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/20—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with dissimilar tooth forms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary pump, the body of which delimits a closed cavity of generally oval-shaped general cross section, in which a vane rotor, coupled to a drive motor, is mounted to define there permanently, during its rotation, a suction zone and a discharge zone of variable volumes, isolated from one another and communicating respectively with a suction opening and a discharge opening.
  • a vane rotor coupled to a drive motor
  • this is provided with movable vanes which ensure the formation and sealing of the suction and discharge zones of variable volumes by being applied, with high friction, under the effect of centrifugal forces developed at high speeds, against the inner wall of the pump cavity, inside which said rotor occupies an eccentric position.
  • a first drawback which results from this is that this wall and the ends of the vanes are subject to premature wear, considerably limiting the life of the pump.
  • Centrifugal vane pumps are also commonly used in the wine industry to transport grapes from .25 harvest or storage tanks to winemaking facilities and, in this application, carry an additional disadvantage residing in the fact that the grapes are very often damaged by rolling or crushing at the points of tangency forming an acute angle between the rotor and the wall of the cavity of the pump, as well as between the vanes 30 which determine the mobile rooms of variable volumes, which hinders their use for example in certain winemaking methods which require whole grains.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy all these drawbacks and, to do this, it relates to a rotary pump of the type specified in the preamble, which is characterized in that a cylindrical rotor is rotatably mounted around the axis of a main chamber concentric with said rotor, constituting a part of the cavity of the pump body, and carries fixed vanes distributed at equal angular intervals at the periphery of the rotor while being sized to come into constant contact with gentle friction with the wall of said chamber, while said cavity contains, opposite to said main chamber, a rotary valve which is oriented in the direc ⁇ tion of the axis of the main chamber by completely closing, in this position, the opening formed between the surface of the rotor and the portion of the.
  • valve being able, under the action of actuating means acting in synchronism with the rotation of the rotor, to undergo a cyclic erasure movement allowing each time the passage of a pallet of the rotor while ensuring the maintenance of a soft friction contact between the valve and the latter.
  • the pump according to the invention is not affected by the drawbacks of the conventional pumps mentioned above by the fact that the concentricity of the rotor and of the main chamber in which it is rotated, on the one hand removes any tangent point between these two organs, avoiding the rolling of the fruits conveyed, and on the other hand allows the chamber in which the fruits are conveyed inside the pump, and which has its walls constantly parallel to each other, does not vary in volume, thus avoiding any damaging compression of the grapes, the energy consumed by the mere setting in motion of the pump members being itself very low by the constancy of the sliding nature of the contact between the moving and stationary parts.
  • the rotor vanes preferably extend entirely in planes passing through the axis of the latter, so that the vanes come, without dead angle, into contact with the peripheral wall of the main chamber, thus eliminating , in the case of a transfer of grapes through the pump of the invention, the risks of rolling or crushing of the grapes, this being also obtained by eliminating the eccentricity of the rotor relative to the main chamber , which created an acute angle at their point of tangency, where the grapes which were rolled there were coiled.
  • the valve is mounted in rotation on the axis, parallel to that of the rotor, of the semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber constituting a part of the cavity contiguous to the chamber.
  • main and open on it and whose axis is located in the bisector plane of the angle formed by the suction and discharge ports is constituted by a shaft provided with fins of the same height, which extend over the entire length of said auxiliary chamber and are equal in number to twice that of the rotor vanes while being uniformly distributed around the circumference of the valve, these fins being successively joined by concave surfaces which are substantially hyperbolic and cover the entire length of the radius of the auxiliary chamber, which is equal to the distance separating the axis of the latter from the surface of the rotor, said means for actuating the valve being designed.
  • the rotary valve of the pump according to the invention therefore guarantees well, at all times of the rotation of the rotor, a perfect seal at its contact with the latter. On the other side, the seal is obtained by the soft friction contact which the fins in rotation exert in rotation with the wall of the auxiliary chamber.
  • the actuation means of the valve are consti ⁇ killed by the rotor drive motor and by a synchronization mechanism by means of which this motor is coupled to the valve shaft.
  • a preferred mode of said synchronization mechanism comprises, outside the pump cavity, a first circular plate wedged on the rotor shaft and provided, in angular positions corresponding to those of the rotor vanes, with fingers drive cut according to the involute of a gear tooth, and a second plate which is wedged on the valve shaft and which is formed of branches positioned in correspondence with the fins of the latter while delimiting cutouts between them complementary to that of the drive fingers of the first plate, the second plate also being in sliding contact with the edge of the first, by the free outer edge of one of its branches.
  • the free outer edges of the branches of the second plate respectively carry, at each of their ends, a loose roller in contact with the edge of the first plate and each of the drive fingers of the latter is bordered two substantially semi-circular notches intended to cooperate with the rollers during the rotation of the Maltese cross thus formed.
  • the interior cavity of the pump has a longitudinal plane of symmetry on which the axes of rotation of the valve and of the rotor are located, the connection planes of the main chamber formed by a portion of cylinder with the semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber, symmetrical with respect to the plane of the axes, conforming to a shape and an inclination capable of ensuring the best flow of the product both at suction and at delivery.
  • the suction and discharge openings open on either side of this same plane of symmetry, in the space which communicates, over their entire length, the main and auxiliary chambers, and are extended externally by connection end pieces whose axes are preferably orthogaonal.
  • the rotor of the pump according to the invention will preferably be provided with two diametrically opposite vanes and the valve will therefore comprise four vanes arranged in a cross, of which two will automatically close the semi-cylindrical chamber along its diametrical plane to thus advantageously delimit suction and discharge zones without blind spots, thus promoting the flow of the product to be pumped.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are sectional views, taken along the line I-I of Figure 3, showing the pump respectively in the rest position and in the transfer position;
  • FIG. 3 is an external side view of the pump of Figures 1 and 2;
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 are views of the device for synchronizing the movements of the rotor and the rotary valve of this pump.
  • the body 1 of the pump visible in FIGS. 1 to 3, delimits an interior cavity of cross section with a generally oval shape, which has a longitudinal plane of symmetry P and is closed laterally by plane end walls. , parallels 2 and 3.
  • the internal cavity of the pump is more precisely formed of a main chamber 4 which develops in a form at least equal to an open hemi-cylinder and communicating with a smaller semi-cylindrical auxiliary shaft 5, whose axes X ,, X hail extend parallel to each other in the plane of symmetry P of the cavity.
  • these two chambers 4, 5 communicate laterally, over the entire length of the cavity, by an intermediate space 39 into which open, on either side of the plane of symmetry P and flush with the diametrical planes of the chambers 4, 5, two suction ends 7 and discharge ends 8 intended to be connected by flanges 9, 10 to corresponding conduits.
  • the active element of the pump according to the invention consists of a cylindrical rotor 11 with two fixed pallets 12, 13, keyed onto a shaft 14 which extends on the axis X_. of the large cylindrical chamber 4 concentric with said rotor, and supported in rotation by the two end walls 2, 3 of the casing, the shaft 14 extending beyond one of the latter to come to couple, by l '' through a speed reduction box 15, to a motor 16 or other rotary drive system (see figure
  • the two paddles 12, 13 of the cylindrical rotor 11 are more precisely positioned in a diametral plane of the latter and are advantageously connected to its peripheral surface by rounded transition zones 17.
  • the paddles 12, 13, which will be of preferably integrally with the rotor 11, have more than a sufficient height so that, during the rotation of the latter, their free end traverses with gentle friction the inner wall of the main chamber 4.
  • the pallets 12, 13 like the rotor 11, also extend over the entire length of the pump cavity to come to apply gentle friction against the end walls 2, 3 of the latter.
  • the rotor 11 of the pump according to the invention cooperates with a rotary valve 18, keyed onto a shaft 19 which extends on the axis X ⁇ of the auxiliary chamber 5 and is supported in rotation by the two end walls 2 , 3 from the pump body.
  • the rotary valve 18, which also covers the entire length of the cavity until it comes into gentle friction contact with its end walls 2, 3, has in cross section the shape of a cross defined by four fins axial continuous 20a to 20d of the same height, which are distributed at angular intervals equal to 90 ° around the periphery of the valve 18 while being successively advantageously united by concave surfaces substantially hyperbolic, such as 21, which have a radius of curvature slightly less than the radius of the envelope circle of the pallets 12, 13 of the rotor 11.
  • the height of the fins 20a to 20d of the valve 18, measured from the axis X tillof the auxiliary chamber, is also equal to the interior radius of this last, which corresponds to the distance separating the axis X "from the cylindrical surface of the rotor 11.
  • the height of the central part of the valve 18, between the deepest point of each concave surface 21 and l axis X is equal to the distance between axes X. and X", minus the envelope radius of the pallets 12, 13 of the rotor 11.
  • the shaft 19 of the valve 18 protrudes outside the body 1 of the pump, on the same side as the shaft 14 of the rotor 11, to which it is coupled by a synchronization mechanism housed in a casing 22 located between the box speed reduction 15 and the pump body 1.
  • This synchronization mechanism comprises, as shown in this figure, a first circular plate 24 keyed to the shaft 14 of the rotor 11, this first plate 24 having on its edge two projecting fingers 25, 26 cut along the involute of a gear tooth and placed in diametrically opposite positions corresponding respectively to those of the two pallets 12, 13 on the rotor 11.
  • the notches 27 and 28, substantially semicircular, are furthermore hollowed out in the edge of the plate 24, on both sides and d other of each of the fingers 25 and 26.
  • the first plate 24 cooperates with a second plate 29 in the shape of a Maltese cross, wedged on the shaft 19 of the valve 18 and located, with the first plate, in the same plane orthogonal to this tree.
  • the four trapezoidal branches 30 of this second plate 29 have their median axes placed in angular positions corresponding respectively to those of the fins 20a to 20d on the valve 18 and delimit between them identical cutouts 31 having a shape complementary to that of the fingers 25 and 26 of the first plate 24
  • rollers 33 are mounted which, as can be seen in FIG. 4, are intended to roll on the edge of the first plate 24 when the branch corresponding 30 of the second plate is oriented in its direction.
  • the vanes 12, 13 of the rotor 11 are both in contect with the wall of the main chamber 4 by closing the latter along its diamé ⁇ tral plane.
  • Two of the fins 20b and 20d of the valve 18 close the auxiliary chamber 5 in the same way, while a third wing 20a of the valve is in contact with the cylindrical surface of the rotor 11.
  • the rotor 11 and the valve 18 delimit, respectively in front of the end pieces 7 and 8, suction zones 34 and discharge zones 35, perfectly isolated from one another and practically devoid of blind spot, which will facilitate the flow of the grapes.
  • the motor 16 being put into service, the rotor 11 turns in the direction of arrow A (FIG.
  • the cyclic pivoting of the valve 18 takes place in the following manner.
  • the circular plate 24- When approaching the end of this angular pivoting, the circular plate 24-collects, in the notch 28 located behind the finger 25, the front roller 33b of the next branch 30b of the second plate 29 and the latter switches back completely over the edge of the circular plate 24, on which it rolls by its two rollers 33b, 33c until that the second finger 26 of the plate 24 reaches, which causes a new pivoting of the valve 18 when approaching the second pallet 13 of the rotor 11.
  • the rotor of the pump according to the invention can be provided with more than two vanes with a number each time of the fins on the valve.
  • the pump according to the invention can be used to convey all types of easily damaged fruit as well as any other liquid or pasty material. It can also be used as a blower.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

Pompe rotative dont le corps (1) délimite une cavité fermée de section transversale sensiblement ovale, dans laquelle un rotor (11) à palettes est monté en position excentrée. Selon l'invention, le rotor (11) est monté en rotation autour de l'axe d'une chambre principale semi-cylindrique (4) du corps (1) de la pompe et porte des palettes fixes (12, 13) réparties à intervalles angulaires égaux et venant en contact à frottement doux avec la paroi de ladite chambre principale, tandis que la cavité renferme, à l'opposé de cette dernière, un clapet mobile (18) qui est orienté dans la direction de l'axe de la chambre principale (4) en obturant totalement, dans cette position, l'ouverture formée entre la surface du rotor (11) et la portion de paroi de la cavité, située en regard, ce clapet (18) pouvant, en synchronisme avec la rotation du rotor, subir un mouvement d'effacement cyclique permettant à chaque fois le passage d'une palette (12 ou 13) du rotor (11) tout en assurant le maintien d'un contact à frottement doux entre le clapet (18) et cette dernière.Rotary pump whose body (1) defines a closed cavity of substantially oval cross section, in which a rotor (11) with vanes is mounted in an eccentric position. According to the invention, the rotor (11) is rotatably mounted about the axis of a semi-cylindrical main chamber (4) of the body (1) of the pump and carries fixed vanes (12, 13) distributed at equal angular intervals and coming into soft friction contact with the wall of said main chamber, while the cavity contains, opposite the latter, a movable valve (18) which is oriented in the direction of the axis of the main chamber (4) by completely closing, in this position, the opening formed between the surface of the rotor (11) and the wall portion of the cavity, located opposite, this valve (18) being able, in synchronism with the rotation of the rotor, undergo a cyclic erasure movement allowing each time the passage of a pallet (12 or 13) of the rotor (11) while ensuring the maintenance of a soft friction contact between the valve (18) and this last.

Description

Pompe rotative à frottements minimalisés et respectant l'intégrité des produits véhiculés. Rotary pump with minimal friction and respecting the integrity of the products conveyed.
La présente invention concerne une pompe rotative dont -le corps délimite une cavité fermée de section transversale d'allure générale sensible- ' 5 ment ovale, dans laquelle un rotor à palettes, accouplé à un moteur d'entraine- ment, est monté de manière à y définir en permanence, lors de sa rotation, une zone d'aspiration et une zone de refoulement de volumes variables, isolées l'une de l'autre et communiquant respectivement avec une ouverture d'aspiration et une ouverture de refoulement. 10 Dans les pompes connues comportant un rotor, celui-ci est muni de palettes mobiles qui assurent la formation et l'étanchéité des zones d'aspi¬ ration et de refoulement de volumes variables en venant s'appliquer, avec des frottements importants, sous l'effet des forces centrifuges développées aux vitesses élevées, contre la paroi intérieure de la cavité de la pompe, 15 à l'intérieur de laquelle ledit rotor occupe une position excentrée. ' Un premier inconvénient qui en résulte est que cette paroi ainsi que les extrémités des palettes font l'objet d'une usure préméturée, limitant considérablement la durée de vie de la pompe.The present invention relates to a rotary pump, the body of which delimits a closed cavity of generally oval-shaped general cross section, in which a vane rotor, coupled to a drive motor, is mounted to define there permanently, during its rotation, a suction zone and a discharge zone of variable volumes, isolated from one another and communicating respectively with a suction opening and a discharge opening. 10 In known pumps comprising a rotor, this is provided with movable vanes which ensure the formation and sealing of the suction and discharge zones of variable volumes by being applied, with high friction, under the effect of centrifugal forces developed at high speeds, against the inner wall of the pump cavity, inside which said rotor occupies an eccentric position. A first drawback which results from this is that this wall and the ends of the vanes are subject to premature wear, considerably limiting the life of the pump.
Un autre inconvénient lié aux frottements importants entre pièces 20 mobiles et fixes dans ces pompes à palettes centrifuges est qu'ils absorbent une puissance élevée en service, ce qui bien entendu se répercute défavorable¬ ment sur le rendement énergétique global de la pompe.Another drawback linked to the high friction between moving and stationary parts in these centrifugal vane pumps is that they absorb a high power in service, which of course has an unfavorable effect on the overall energy efficiency of the pump.
Les pompes à palettes centrifuges sont en outre couramment employée dans l'industrie vinicole, pour véhiculer les raisins des cuves de récolte .25 ou de stockage vers les installations de vinification et, dans cette applica¬ tion, elles sont porteuses d'un inconvénient supplémentaire résidant dans le fait que les grains de raisin sont très souvent endommagés par laminage ou écrasement au niveau des points de tangence formant un angle aigu entre le rotor et la paroi de la cavité de la pompe, ainsi qu'entre les palettes 30 qui déterminent les chambres mobiles de volumes variables, ce qui nuit à leur utilisation par exemple dans certaines méthodes de vinification qui nécessitent des grains entiers.Centrifugal vane pumps are also commonly used in the wine industry to transport grapes from .25 harvest or storage tanks to winemaking facilities and, in this application, carry an additional disadvantage residing in the fact that the grapes are very often damaged by rolling or crushing at the points of tangency forming an acute angle between the rotor and the wall of the cavity of the pump, as well as between the vanes 30 which determine the mobile rooms of variable volumes, which hinders their use for example in certain winemaking methods which require whole grains.
Tous les inconvénients évoqués ci-dessus se retrouvent d'ailleurs dans les pompes à piston et les pompes à olive rotative également utilisées 35 pour véhiculer les raisins. Dans les premières, les grains de raisins subissent un éclatement sous l'effet de leur compression périodique dans le corps de la pompe et un laminage au niveau des clapets d'aspiration et. de refoulement, en même temps que le piston consomme une énergie considérable par son frotte¬ ment contre la paroi du cylindre. Dans les secondes, les grains de raisin 0 sont là encore laminés aux points de tangence entre l'olive et la paroi de la chambre de la pompe, et des frottements importants apparaissent aussi entre le clapet et l'olive contre laquelle il est constamment fortement appliqué par un fort organe élastique.All the drawbacks mentioned above are also found in piston pumps and rotary olive pumps also used to transport the grapes. In the first, the grapes undergo a burst under the effect of their periodic compression in the body of the pump and a rolling at the level of the suction valves and. discharge, at the same time that the piston consumes considerable energy by its friction against the wall of the cylinder. In the seconds, the grapes 0 are again rolled at the points of tangency between the olive and the wall of the pump chamber, and significant friction also appears between the valve and the olive against which it is constantly strongly applied by a strong elastic member.
La présente invention se propose de remédier à tous ces inconvé- nients et, pour ce faire, elle a pour objet une pompe rotative du type spécifié en préambule, qui se caractérise en ce qu'un rotor cylindrique est monté à rotation autour de l'axe d'une chambre principale concentrique audit rotor, constituant une partie de la cavité du corps de la pompe, et porte des palettes fixes réparties à intervales angulaires égaux à la périphérie du rotor tout en étant dimensionnées pour venir en contact constant à frottement doux avec la paroi de ladite chambre, tandis que ladite cavité renferme, à l'opposé de ladite chambre principale, un clapet rotatif qui est orienté dans la direc¬ tion de l'axe de la chambre principale en obturant totalement, dans cette position, l'ouverture formée entre la surface du rotor et la portion de la. paroi de l'autre partie de la cavité formée par une chambre auxiliaire hémi¬ cylindrique contenant ledit clapet et concentrique à lui, ce clapet pouvant, sous l'action de moyens d'actionnement agissant en synchronisme avec la rota¬ tion du rotor, subir un mouvement d'effacement cyclique permettant à chaque fois le passage d'une palette du rotor tout en assurant le maitien d'un contact à frottement doux entre le clapet et cette dernière.The present invention proposes to remedy all these drawbacks and, to do this, it relates to a rotary pump of the type specified in the preamble, which is characterized in that a cylindrical rotor is rotatably mounted around the axis of a main chamber concentric with said rotor, constituting a part of the cavity of the pump body, and carries fixed vanes distributed at equal angular intervals at the periphery of the rotor while being sized to come into constant contact with gentle friction with the wall of said chamber, while said cavity contains, opposite to said main chamber, a rotary valve which is oriented in the direc¬ tion of the axis of the main chamber by completely closing, in this position, the opening formed between the surface of the rotor and the portion of the. wall of the other part of the cavity formed by a semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber containing said valve and concentric with it, this valve being able, under the action of actuating means acting in synchronism with the rotation of the rotor, to undergo a cyclic erasure movement allowing each time the passage of a pallet of the rotor while ensuring the maintenance of a soft friction contact between the valve and the latter.
Grâce à ces dispositions, la pompe conforme à l'invention n'est pas affectée par les inconvénients des pompes classiques ci-dessus mentionnées par le fait que la concentricité du rotor et de la chambre principale dans laquelle il est mis en rotation, d'une part supprime tout -point de tangence entre ces deux organes, évitant le laminage des fruits véhiculés, et d'autre part permet que la chambre dans laquelle les fruits sont véhiculés à l'inté¬ rieur de la pompe, et qui présente ses parois constamment parallèles entre elles, ne varie pas de volume, évitant ainsi toute compression dommageable des raisins, l'énergie consommée par la seule mise en mouvement des organes de la pompe étant elle-même très faible par la constance du caractère glissant du contact entre les pièces mobiles et fixes.Thanks to these provisions, the pump according to the invention is not affected by the drawbacks of the conventional pumps mentioned above by the fact that the concentricity of the rotor and of the main chamber in which it is rotated, on the one hand removes any tangent point between these two organs, avoiding the rolling of the fruits conveyed, and on the other hand allows the chamber in which the fruits are conveyed inside the pump, and which has its walls constantly parallel to each other, does not vary in volume, thus avoiding any damaging compression of the grapes, the energy consumed by the mere setting in motion of the pump members being itself very low by the constancy of the sliding nature of the contact between the moving and stationary parts.
Il est ainsi formé, lors de la rotation du rotor, des chambres d'aspiration et de refoulement de volumes respectivement croissant et décrois¬ sant, l'étanchéité de ces deux chambres entre elles étant assurée, d'un coté, par le contact constant à frottement doux des palettes fixes du rotor contre la paroi de la partie de la cavité formant la chambre principale concentrique et, de l'autre coté, par l'action d'obturation du clapet rotatif maintenu en contact permanent, également à frottement doux, soit avec la surface du rotor, soit avec les palettes de ce dernier, toute communication entre la chambre principale et la chambre auxiliaire, qui forme l'autre partie de la 3 cavité et qui contient le clapet rotatif, étant empêchée par le contact cons¬ tant à frottement doux des ailettes dudit clapet qui ne coopèrent pas, à un "* instant donné, avec la surface du rotor ou avec l'une de ses palettes.It is thus formed, during the rotation of the rotor, suction and discharge chambers of volumes respectively increasing and decreasing, the sealing of these two chambers between them being ensured, on one side, by constant contact with gentle friction of the fixed vanes of the rotor against the wall of the part of the cavity forming the concentric main chamber and, on the other side, by the action of closing the rotary valve maintained in permanent contact, also with gentle friction, either with the surface of the rotor, or with the paddles of the latter, any communication between the main chamber and the auxiliary chamber, which forms the other part of the 3 cavity and which contains the rotary valve, being prevented by contact cons¬ as snugly fins of said valve which do not cooperate, in an "* given instant, with the rotor surface or with one of its paddles.
De la sorte, dans la pompe selon l'invention, par l'absence de <? 5 pression des palettes du rotor contre la paroi de la cavité, et les contacts entre les pièces mobiles et fixes se faisant partout à frottement doux, on réduit considérablement l'usure desdites pièces, ce qui a pour effet de dimi¬ nuer dans une large mesure les pertes de puissance, assurant ainsi un excellen rendement énergétique global de la pompe. 10 En outre les palettes du rotor s'étendent de préférence entièrement dans des plans passant par l'axe de ce dernier, ce qui fait que les palettes viennent, sans angle mort, en contact avec la paroi périphérique de la chambre principale, éliminant ainsi, dans le cas d'un transfert de raisins à travers la pompe de l'invention, les risques de laminage ou d'écrasement des raisins, 15 ceci étant aussi obtenu par la suppression de l'excentration du rotor par rapport à la chambre principale, qui créait un angle aigu à leur point de tangence, où se coïçaient les raisins qui y étaient laminés.In this way, in the pump according to the invention, by the absence of <? 5 pressure of the rotor vanes against the wall of the cavity, and the contacts between the moving and stationary parts being made everywhere with gentle friction, the wear of said parts is considerably reduced, which has the effect of decreasing over a wide range measures power losses, thus ensuring excellent overall energy efficiency of the pump. Furthermore, the rotor vanes preferably extend entirely in planes passing through the axis of the latter, so that the vanes come, without dead angle, into contact with the peripheral wall of the main chamber, thus eliminating , in the case of a transfer of grapes through the pump of the invention, the risks of rolling or crushing of the grapes, this being also obtained by eliminating the eccentricity of the rotor relative to the main chamber , which created an acute angle at their point of tangency, where the grapes which were rolled there were coiled.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de la pompe objet de la pré¬ sente invention, le clapet est monté en rotation sur l'axe, parallèle à celui 20 du rotor, de la chambre auxiliaire hémicylindrique constituant une partie de la cavité contiguë à la chambre principale et ouverte sur celle-ci et dont l'axe est situé dans le plan bissecteur de l'angle formé par les bouches d'aspiration et de refoulement, est constitué par un arbre muni d'ailettes de même hauteur, qui s'étendent sur toute la longueur de ladite chambre auxi- 25 liaire et sont en nombre égal au double de celui des palettes du rotor tout en étant uniformément réparties sur le pourtour du clapet, ces ailettes étant successivement réunies par des surfaces concaves sensiblement hyperboliques et couvrant toute la longueur du rayon de la chambre auxiliaire, lequel est égal à la distance séparant l'axe de cette dernière de la surface du rotor, 30 lesits moyens d'actionnement du clapet étant conçus .pour, à chaque fois qu'une palette du rotor parvient tout près de l'ailette du clapet, qui est en contact avec la surface dudit rotor, faire pivoter le clapet autour de son axe, sur l'angle séparant deux ailettes successives dudit clapet.According to a preferred embodiment of the pump which is the subject of the present invention, the valve is mounted in rotation on the axis, parallel to that of the rotor, of the semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber constituting a part of the cavity contiguous to the chamber. main and open on it and whose axis is located in the bisector plane of the angle formed by the suction and discharge ports, is constituted by a shaft provided with fins of the same height, which extend over the entire length of said auxiliary chamber and are equal in number to twice that of the rotor vanes while being uniformly distributed around the circumference of the valve, these fins being successively joined by concave surfaces which are substantially hyperbolic and cover the entire length of the radius of the auxiliary chamber, which is equal to the distance separating the axis of the latter from the surface of the rotor, said means for actuating the valve being designed. , each time a pallet of the rotor reaches very close to the fin of the valve, which is in contact with the surface of said rotor, rotate the valve around its axis, on the angle separating two successive fins of said valve.
De cette façon, lors de chacun des pivotement angulaires du clapet, 35 qui se fait en un bref laps de temps, l'ailette de ce dernier, initialement en contact avec la surface du rotor en rotation, s'en détachera à l'instant même où la palette du rotor viendra en contact avec la surface concave séparant ladite ailette du clapet de la suivante, puis la palette parcourra cette sur¬ face concave à frottement doux et, en fin de course, la clapet reviendra en 40 contact avec la surface du rotor par l'extrémité de l'ailette suivante, juste au moment où la palette du rotor quittera ladite surface concave du clapet.In this way, during each of the angular pivoting of the valve, which takes place in a brief period of time, the fin of the latter, initially in contact with the surface of the rotating rotor, will detach from it instantly same where the paddle of the rotor will come into contact with the concave surface separating said fin from the valve of the following, then the paddle will traverse this concave surface with gentle friction and, at the end of the race, the valve will come back into 40 contact with the surface of the rotor by the end of the next fin, just when the rotor paddle leaves said concave surface of the valve.
De par sa configuration et son mode de fonctionnement, le clapet rotatif de la pompe selon l'invention garantit donc bien, à tout instant de la rotation du rotor, une étanchéité parfaite au niveau de son contact avec ce dernier. De l'autre coté, l'étanchéité est obtenue par le contact à frotte¬ ment doux qu'exercent à tour de rôle les ailettes en rotation avec la paroi de la chambre auxiliaire.By its configuration and its mode of operation, the rotary valve of the pump according to the invention therefore guarantees well, at all times of the rotation of the rotor, a perfect seal at its contact with the latter. On the other side, the seal is obtained by the soft friction contact which the fins in rotation exert in rotation with the wall of the auxiliary chamber.
Avantageusement, les moyens d'actionnement du clapet sont consti¬ tués par le moteur d'entrainement du rotor et par un mécanisme de synchroni- sation par l'intermédiaire duquel ce moteur est accouplé à l'arbre du clapet. Un mode préféré dudit mécanisme de synchronisation comprend, à l'extérieur de la cavité de la pompe, un premier plateau circulaire calé sur l'arbre du rotor et pourvu, en des positions angulaires correspondant à celles des palettes du rotor, des doigts d'entrainement taillés selon la développante d'une dent d'engrenage, et un second plateau qui est calé sur l'arbre du clapet et qui est formé de branches positionnées en correspondance avec les ailettes de ce dernier tout en délimitant entre elles des découpes de forme complémen¬ taire à celle des doigts d'entrainement du premier plateau, le second plateau étant en outre en contact glissant avec la tranche du premier, par le bord libre extérieur de l'une de ses branches.Advantageously, the actuation means of the valve are consti¬ killed by the rotor drive motor and by a synchronization mechanism by means of which this motor is coupled to the valve shaft. A preferred mode of said synchronization mechanism comprises, outside the pump cavity, a first circular plate wedged on the rotor shaft and provided, in angular positions corresponding to those of the rotor vanes, with fingers drive cut according to the involute of a gear tooth, and a second plate which is wedged on the valve shaft and which is formed of branches positioned in correspondence with the fins of the latter while delimiting cutouts between them complementary to that of the drive fingers of the first plate, the second plate also being in sliding contact with the edge of the first, by the free outer edge of one of its branches.
Pour éliminer les frottements lors de ce glissement, les bords libres extérieurs des branches du second plateau portent respectivement, à chacune de leurs extrémités, un galet fou en contact avec la tranche du premier plateau et chacun des doigts d'entrainement de ce dernier est bordé de deux échancrures sensiblement semi-ciculaires destinées à coopérer avec les galets lors de la rotation de la croix de Malte ainsi formée.To eliminate friction during this sliding, the free outer edges of the branches of the second plate respectively carry, at each of their ends, a loose roller in contact with the edge of the first plate and each of the drive fingers of the latter is bordered two substantially semi-circular notches intended to cooperate with the rollers during the rotation of the Maltese cross thus formed.
Comme on le comprendra aisément, à chaque fois qu'une palette du rotor arrive tout près d'une ailette du clapet, le doigt d'entrainement correspondant du premier plateau du mécanisme de synchronisation s'engagera dans la découpe complémentaire associée du second plateau pour faire pivoter ce dernier sur un angle prédéterminé générant le mouvement d'effacement décrit ci-dessus du clapet.As will be easily understood, each time a rotor pallet comes very close to a valve fin, the corresponding drive finger of the first plate of the synchronization mechanism will engage in the associated complementary cutting of the second plate to rotate the latter by a predetermined angle generating the erasure movement described above of the valve.
Selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, la cavité intérieure de la pompe présente un plan de symétrie longitudinal sur lequel se trouvent les axes de rotation du clapet et du rotor, les plans de raccorde¬ ment de la chambre principale formée par une portion de cylindre avec la cham¬ bre auxiliaire hémicylindrique, symétriques par rapport au plan des axes, épousant une forme et une inclinaison propres à assurer le meilleur écoulement du produit tant à l'aspiration qu'au refoulement. Les ouvertures d'aspiration et de refoulement, débouchent, de part et d'autre de ce même plan de symétrie, dans l'espace qui fait communiquer, sur toute leur longueur, les chambres principale et auxiliaire, et se prolongent extérieurement par des embouts de raccordement dont les axes sont de préférences orthogaonaux.According to another characteristic of the present invention, the interior cavity of the pump has a longitudinal plane of symmetry on which the axes of rotation of the valve and of the rotor are located, the connection planes of the main chamber formed by a portion of cylinder with the semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber, symmetrical with respect to the plane of the axes, conforming to a shape and an inclination capable of ensuring the best flow of the product both at suction and at delivery. The suction and discharge openings open on either side of this same plane of symmetry, in the space which communicates, over their entire length, the main and auxiliary chambers, and are extended externally by connection end pieces whose axes are preferably orthogaonal.
Enfin le rotor de la pompe selon l'invention sera de préférence muni de deux palettes diamétralement opposées et le clapet comportera donc quatre palettes disposées en croix, parmi lesquelles deux obtureront automati¬ quement la chambre hémicylindrique le long de son plan diamétral pour ainsi avantageusement délimiter des zones d'aspiration et de refoulement sans angle mort, favorisant ainsi l'écoulement du produit à pomper. Un mode de réalisation de la pompe objet de la présente invention va maintenant être décrit plus en détails, mais uniquement à titre d'exemple non-limitatif, en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel :Finally, the rotor of the pump according to the invention will preferably be provided with two diametrically opposite vanes and the valve will therefore comprise four vanes arranged in a cross, of which two will automatically close the semi-cylindrical chamber along its diametrical plane to thus advantageously delimit suction and discharge zones without blind spots, thus promoting the flow of the product to be pumped. An embodiment of the pump which is the subject of the present invention will now be described in more detail, but only by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
- les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues en coupe, effectuées selon la ligne I-I de la figure 3, représentant la pompe respectivement en position de repos et en position de transfert ;- Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views, taken along the line I-I of Figure 3, showing the pump respectively in the rest position and in the transfer position;
- la figure 3 est une vue de coté extérieure de la pompe des figures 1 et 2 ; et- Figure 3 is an external side view of the pump of Figures 1 and 2; and
- la figure 4 est une vue du dispositif de synchronisation des mouvements du rotor et du clapet rotatif de cette pompe. Le corps 1 de la pompe, visible sur les figures 1 à 3, délimite une cavité intérieure de section transversale d'allure générale sensiblement ovale, qui présente un plan longitudinal de symétrie P et est fermé latérale¬ ment par des parois d'extrémité planes, parallèles 2 et 3.- Figure 4 is a view of the device for synchronizing the movements of the rotor and the rotary valve of this pump. The body 1 of the pump, visible in FIGS. 1 to 3, delimits an interior cavity of cross section with a generally oval shape, which has a longitudinal plane of symmetry P and is closed laterally by plane end walls. , parallels 2 and 3.
La cavité intérieure de la pompe est plus précisément formée d'une chambre principale 4 qui se développe sous une forme au moins égale à un hémi¬ cylindre ouvert et communiquant avec une champbre auxiliaire hémicylindrique plus petite 5, dont les axes X,, X„ s'étendent parallèlement l'un à l'autre dans le plan de symétrie P de la cavité. En outre, ces deux chambres 4, 5 communiquent latéralement, sur toute la longueur de la cavité, par un espace intermédiaire 39 dans lequel débouchent, de part et d'autre du plan de symétrie P et au ras des plans diamétraux des chambres 4, 5, deux embouts d'aspiration 7 et de refoulement 8 destinés à être raccordés par des brides 9, 10 à des conduits correspondants. Ces embouts 7, 8, qui peuvent être de section rectan¬ gulaire et couvrent toute la longueur du carter 1, présentent des axés ortho- gonaux Y., Y„ qui délimitent sensiblement la zone cylindrique de la chambre principale 4 dont le raccordement se fait avec la chambre auxiliaire hémicylin¬ drique 5 par les plans 37, 38 les plus aptes, par leurs forme et inclinaison, à conduire sans dommage les fruits véhiculés par la pompe.The internal cavity of the pump is more precisely formed of a main chamber 4 which develops in a form at least equal to an open hemi-cylinder and communicating with a smaller semi-cylindrical auxiliary shaft 5, whose axes X ,, X „ extend parallel to each other in the plane of symmetry P of the cavity. In addition, these two chambers 4, 5 communicate laterally, over the entire length of the cavity, by an intermediate space 39 into which open, on either side of the plane of symmetry P and flush with the diametrical planes of the chambers 4, 5, two suction ends 7 and discharge ends 8 intended to be connected by flanges 9, 10 to corresponding conduits. These end pieces 7, 8, which can be of rectangular section and cover the entire length of the casing 1, have orthogonal axes Y., Y „which substantially delimit the cylindrical zone of the main chamber 4, the connection of which is made with the hemicylin¬ dric auxiliary chamber 5 by the planes 37, 38 most suitable, by their shape and inclination, to lead without damage the fruits conveyed by the pump.
L'élément actif de la pompe selon l'invention est constitué par un rotor cylindrique 11 à deux pallettes fixes 12, 13, claveté sur un arbre 14 qui s'étend sur l'axe X_. de la grande chambre cylindrique 4 concentrique audit rotor, et supporté en rotation par les deux parois d'extrémité 2, 3 du carter, l'arbre 14 se prolongeant au delà de l'une de ces dernières pour venir s'accoupler, par l'intermédiaire d'une boite de réduction de vitesse 15, à un moteur 16 ou autre système d'entrainement en rotation (voir figureThe active element of the pump according to the invention consists of a cylindrical rotor 11 with two fixed pallets 12, 13, keyed onto a shaft 14 which extends on the axis X_. of the large cylindrical chamber 4 concentric with said rotor, and supported in rotation by the two end walls 2, 3 of the casing, the shaft 14 extending beyond one of the latter to come to couple, by l '' through a speed reduction box 15, to a motor 16 or other rotary drive system (see figure
3).3).
Les deux palettes 12, 13 du rotor cylindrique 11 sont plus préci¬ sément positionnées dans un plan diamétral de ce dernier et se raccordent avantageusement à sa surface périphérique par des zones de transition arron- dies 17. Les palettes 12, 13, qui seront de préférence venue de matière avec le rotor 11, ont en outre une hauteur suffisante pour que, lors de la rotation de celui-ci, leur extrémité libre parcoure à frottement doux la paroi inté¬ rieure de la chambre principale 4. Les palettes 12, 13, de même que le rotor 11, s'étendent par ailleurs sur toute la longueur de la cavité de la pompe pour venir s'appliquer à frottement doux contre les parois d'extrémité 2, 3 de cette dernière.The two paddles 12, 13 of the cylindrical rotor 11 are more precisely positioned in a diametral plane of the latter and are advantageously connected to its peripheral surface by rounded transition zones 17. The paddles 12, 13, which will be of preferably integrally with the rotor 11, have more than a sufficient height so that, during the rotation of the latter, their free end traverses with gentle friction the inner wall of the main chamber 4. The pallets 12, 13 , like the rotor 11, also extend over the entire length of the pump cavity to come to apply gentle friction against the end walls 2, 3 of the latter.
Le rotor 11 de la pompe selon l'invention coopère avec un clapet rotatif 18, claveté sur un arbre 19 qui s'étend sur l'axe X~ de la chambre auxiliaire 5 et est supporté en rotation par les deux parois d'extrémité 2, 3 du corps de la pompe.The rotor 11 of the pump according to the invention cooperates with a rotary valve 18, keyed onto a shaft 19 which extends on the axis X ~ of the auxiliary chamber 5 and is supported in rotation by the two end walls 2 , 3 from the pump body.
Le clapet rotatif 18, qui couvre lui aussi toute la longueur de la cavité jusqu'à venir au contact à frottement doux avec ses parois d'extrémité 2, 3, présente en section transversale la forme d'une croix défi¬ nie par quatre ailettes axiales continues 20a à 20d de même hauteur, qui sont réparties à intervales angulaires égaux à 90° sur le pourtour du clapet 18 tout en étant successivement avantageusement réunies par des surfaces concaves sensiblement hyperboliques, telles que 21, qui ont un rayon de cour¬ bure légèrement inférieur au rayon du cercle d'enveloppe des palettes 12, 13 du rotor 11. La hauteur des ailettes 20a à 20d du clapet 18, mesurée depuis l'axe X„ de la chambre auxiliaire, est en outre égal au rayon intérieur de cette dernière, lequel correspond à la distance séparant l'axe X» de la sur¬ face cylindrique du rotor 11. En outre, la hauteur de la partie centrale du clapet 18, entre le point le plus profond de chaque surface concave 21 et l'axe X„, est égale à la distance entre les axes X. et X„, diminuée du rayon d'enveloppe des palettes 12, 13 du rotor 11.The rotary valve 18, which also covers the entire length of the cavity until it comes into gentle friction contact with its end walls 2, 3, has in cross section the shape of a cross defined by four fins axial continuous 20a to 20d of the same height, which are distributed at angular intervals equal to 90 ° around the periphery of the valve 18 while being successively advantageously united by concave surfaces substantially hyperbolic, such as 21, which have a radius of curvature slightly less than the radius of the envelope circle of the pallets 12, 13 of the rotor 11. The height of the fins 20a to 20d of the valve 18, measured from the axis X „of the auxiliary chamber, is also equal to the interior radius of this last, which corresponds to the distance separating the axis X "from the cylindrical surface of the rotor 11. In addition, the height of the central part of the valve 18, between the deepest point of each concave surface 21 and l axis X "is equal to the distance between axes X. and X", minus the envelope radius of the pallets 12, 13 of the rotor 11.
L'arbre 19 du clapet 18 fait saillie à l'extérieur du corps 1 de la pompe, du même coté que l'arbre 14 du rotor 11, auquel il est accouplé par un mécanisme de synchronisation logé dans un carter 22 situé entre la boite de réduction de vitesses 15 et le corps 1 de la pompe. Ce mécanisme de synchronisation, référencé 23 sur la figure 4, comporte, comme le montre cette figure, un premier plateau circulaire 24 claveté sur l'arbre 14 du rotor 11, ce premier plateau 24 présentant sur sa tranche deux doigts saillants 25, 26 découpés selon la développante d'une dent d'engrenage et placés en des positions diamétralement opposées corres- pondant respectivement à celles des deux palettes 12, 13 sur le rotor 11. Les échancrures 27 et 28, sensiblement semi-circulaires, sont en outre creu¬ sées dans la tranche du plateau 24, de part et d'autre de chacun des doigts 25 et 26.The shaft 19 of the valve 18 protrudes outside the body 1 of the pump, on the same side as the shaft 14 of the rotor 11, to which it is coupled by a synchronization mechanism housed in a casing 22 located between the box speed reduction 15 and the pump body 1. This synchronization mechanism, referenced 23 in FIG. 4, comprises, as shown in this figure, a first circular plate 24 keyed to the shaft 14 of the rotor 11, this first plate 24 having on its edge two projecting fingers 25, 26 cut along the involute of a gear tooth and placed in diametrically opposite positions corresponding respectively to those of the two pallets 12, 13 on the rotor 11. The notches 27 and 28, substantially semicircular, are furthermore hollowed out in the edge of the plate 24, on both sides and d other of each of the fingers 25 and 26.
Le premier plateau 24 coopère avec un second plateau 29 en forme de croix de Malte, calé sur l'arbre 19 du clapet 18 et situé, avec le premier plateau, dans un même plan orthogonal à cet arbre.Les quatre branches trapé¬ zoïdales 30 de ce second plateau 29 ont leurs axes médians placés dans des positions angulaires correspondant respectivement à celles des ailettes 20a à 20d sur le clapet 18 et délimitent entre elles des découpes identiques 31 ayant une forme complémentaire de celle des doigts 25 et 26 du premier plateau 24. On notera encore qu'aux deux extrémités des bords extérieurs libres 32 de chacune des branches 30,sont montés des galets 33 qui, comme on le voit sur la figure 4, sont destinés à rouler sur la tranche du premier plateau 24 lorsque la branche correspondante 30 du second plateau est orienté dans sa direction.The first plate 24 cooperates with a second plate 29 in the shape of a Maltese cross, wedged on the shaft 19 of the valve 18 and located, with the first plate, in the same plane orthogonal to this tree. The four trapezoidal branches 30 of this second plate 29 have their median axes placed in angular positions corresponding respectively to those of the fins 20a to 20d on the valve 18 and delimit between them identical cutouts 31 having a shape complementary to that of the fingers 25 and 26 of the first plate 24 It will also be noted that at the two ends of the free outer edges 32 of each of the branches 30, rollers 33 are mounted which, as can be seen in FIG. 4, are intended to roll on the edge of the first plate 24 when the branch corresponding 30 of the second plate is oriented in its direction.
On va maintenant décrire le fonctionnement de la pompe selon l'invention, qui vient d'être décrite, quant elle est utilisée pour véhiculer des raisins.We will now describe the operation of the pump according to the invention, which has just been described, when it is used to convey grapes.
La pompe étant au repos, comme représenté sur' la figure 1, les palettes 12, 13 du rotor 11 sont toutes deux en contect avec la paroi de la chambre principale 4 en obturant cette dernière le long de son plan diamé¬ tral. Deux des ailettes 20b et 20d du clapet 18 obturent la chambre auxiliaire 5 de la même façon, tandis qu'une troisième ailette 20a du clapet est en contact avec la surface cylindrique du rotor 11. De la sorte, le rotor 11 et le clapet 18 délimitent, respectivement en face des embouts 7 et 8, des zones d'aspiration 34 et de refoulement 35, parfaitement isolées l'une de l'autre et pratiquement dépourvues d'angle mort, ce qui facilitera l'écoule¬ ment des raisins. Puis, le moteur 16 étant mis en service, le rotor 11 tourne dans le sens da flèche A (figure 1), pour aspirer les raisins, arrivant par l'em¬ bout 7, dans la zone d'aspiration 34, et après un pivotement commandé du clapet 18, qui sera décrit ci-après, les raisins ainsi aspirés sont transférés par le rotor, sans subir la moindre compression, le long de la paroi de la chambre principale 4 dans la chambre mobile 36 ainsi créée et dont le volume reste constant tout au long de ce transfert, pour, après un second pivotement du clapet, parvenir dans la zone de refoulement 35 d'où ils sont éjectés à travers l'embout correspondant 8. Au cours du mouvement du rotor 11, ses palettes 12, 13 s'appliquent à frottement doux et à angle droit contre la paroi intérieure de la chambre principale 4 concentrique au rotor 11 et, lorsque le clapet 18 est immobilisé, l'ailette 20a en fait de même contre la surface périphérique du rotor cylindrique 11.The pump being at rest, as shown in ' Figure 1, the vanes 12, 13 of the rotor 11 are both in contect with the wall of the main chamber 4 by closing the latter along its diamé¬ tral plane. Two of the fins 20b and 20d of the valve 18 close the auxiliary chamber 5 in the same way, while a third wing 20a of the valve is in contact with the cylindrical surface of the rotor 11. In this way, the rotor 11 and the valve 18 delimit, respectively in front of the end pieces 7 and 8, suction zones 34 and discharge zones 35, perfectly isolated from one another and practically devoid of blind spot, which will facilitate the flow of the grapes. Then, the motor 16 being put into service, the rotor 11 turns in the direction of arrow A (FIG. 1), to suck up the grapes, arriving by the end 7, in the suction zone 34, and after a controlled pivoting of the valve 18, which will be described below, the grapes thus sucked are transferred by the rotor, without undergoing any compression, along the wall of the main chamber 4 in the mobile chamber 36 thus created and whose volume remains constant throughout this transfer, for, after a second pivoting of the valve, reach the discharge zone 35 from which they are ejected through the corresponding nozzle 8. During the movement of the rotor 11, its vanes 12, 13 are applied with gentle friction and at right angles against the wall inside of the main chamber 4 concentric with the rotor 11 and, when the valve 18 is immobilized, the fin 20a does the same against the peripheral surface of the cylindrical rotor 11.
Le pivotement cyclique du clapet 18 s'effectue de la façon sui¬ vante.The cyclic pivoting of the valve 18 takes place in the following manner.
Lorsque la palette, par exemple 12, du rotor 11 parvient tout près de l'ailette 20a du clapet 18, qui est en contact glissant avec la sur¬ face du rotor, le doigt correspondant 25 du plateau circulaire 24 du mécanisme de synchronisation 23 s'engage progresivement dans la découpe en regard 31 du second plateau 29 pour, après pénétration du galet arrière 33a de la bran¬ che 30a de ce dernier dans l'échancrure 27 située en avant du doigt 25 et sous l'effet de la poursuite de la rotation du rotor 11, faire pivoter le second plateau et donc le clapet 18 de 90°, dans le sens inverse (flèche B figure 2) du sens de rotation du rotor 11. A l'approche de la fin de ce pivotement angulaire, le plateau circulaire 24-recueille, dans l'échancrure 28 située en arrière du doigt 25, le galet avant 33b de la branche suivante 30b du second plateau 29 et celle-ci rebascule complètement sur la tranche du plateau circulaire 24, sur laquelle elle roule par ses deux galets 33b, 33c jusqu'à ce que parvienne le second doigt 26 du plateau 24, qui provoque un nouveau pivotement du clapet 18 à l'approche de la seconde palette 13 du rotor 11. Lors de chacun des pivotement de 90° du clapet 18, qui se fait en un bref laps de temps, son ailette telle que 20a initialement en contact avec la surface cylindrique du rotor 11 en rotation, s'en détache à l'instant même où la palette approchante 12 du rotor vient en contact avec la surface concave 21 séparant ladite ailette 20a de la suivante 20d, dans le sens de rotation de la figure 2, puis la palette 12 parcourt cette surface concave à frottement doux et, en fin de course, le clapet 18 revient en contact avec la surface du rotor 11 par l'extrémité de l'ailette suivante 20d, juste au moment où la palette du rotor échappe â ladite srface concave 21 du clapet. Par ailleurs, au cours de ce pivotement les deux autres ailettes 20b et 20c du clapet parcourent à frottement doux la paroi intérieure de la chambre auxi¬ liaire hémicylindrique 5 jusqu'à ce que les ailettes 20a et 20c viennent l'obturer diamétralement.When the vane, for example 12, of the rotor 11 reaches very close to the fin 20a of the valve 18, which is in sliding contact with the surface of the rotor, the corresponding finger 25 of the circular plate 24 of the synchronization mechanism 23 s 'gradually engages in the facing cutout 31 of the second plate 29 for, after penetration of the rear roller 33a of the bran¬ che 30a of the latter in the notch 27 located in front of the finger 25 and under the effect of the pursuit of the rotation of the rotor 11, rotate the second plate and therefore the valve 18 by 90 °, in the opposite direction (arrow B in figure 2) from the direction of rotation of the rotor 11. When approaching the end of this angular pivoting, the circular plate 24-collects, in the notch 28 located behind the finger 25, the front roller 33b of the next branch 30b of the second plate 29 and the latter switches back completely over the edge of the circular plate 24, on which it rolls by its two rollers 33b, 33c until that the second finger 26 of the plate 24 reaches, which causes a new pivoting of the valve 18 when approaching the second pallet 13 of the rotor 11. During each of the 90 ° pivoting of the valve 18, which is done in a brief lapse time, its fin as 20a initially in contact with the cylindrical surface of the rotor 11 in rotation, detaches from it at the very moment when the approaching vane 12 of the rotor comes into contact with the concave surface 21 separating said fin 20a from the following 20d, in the direction of rotation of FIG. 2, then the pallet 12 traverses this concave surface with gentle friction and, at the end of the stroke, the valve 18 comes back into contact with the surface of the rotor 11 by the end of the 'Next fin 20d, just when the rotor blade escapes said concave surface 21 of the valve. Furthermore, during this pivoting, the other two fins 20b and 20c of the valve run smoothly through the interior wall of the semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber 5 until the fins 20a and 20c close it diametrically.
On observe donc en définitive que, lors des mouvements d'effacement du clapet, qui permettent le passage des palettes du rotor, une bonne étan- chéité est en permanence maintenue entre le clapet et le rotor, comme c'est par ailleurs le cas au niveau de toutes les autres zones de contact entre pièces mobiles et fixes de la pompe. De plus, au niveau de l'ensemble de ces zones, ces contacts se font à frottement doux, ce qui se traduit par une usur négligeable et par une très faible puissance absorbée indépendante de la puissance nécessaire pour le transfert du produit. Enfin, la supression quasi totale des angles morts dans la pompe selon l'invention se traduit par l'élimi nation des risques d'endommagement des grains de raisin au cours du pompage, ceux-ci n'étant pratiquement soumis qu'à la seule charge du conduit de refoule ment. II est bien entendu que tout autre dispositif de synchronisation des mouvements du rotor 11 et du clapet 18, qui lui est associé, serait consi¬ déré comme une équivalence ne pouvant en rien modifier la portée de l'inven¬ tion.It is therefore ultimately observed that, during the movements of erasing the valve, which allow the passage of the rotor vanes, a good seal is permanently maintained between the valve and the rotor, as is moreover the case in all the other contact zones between moving and fixed parts of the pump. In addition, at the level of all of these zones, these contacts are made with gentle friction, which results in negligible wear and by a very low absorbed power independent of the power necessary for the transfer of the product. Finally, the almost total elimination of blind spots in the pump according to the invention results in the elimination of the risks of damage to the grapes during pumping, these being practically subjected only to the sole charge of the discharge pipe. It is understood that any other device for synchronizing the movements of the rotor 11 and of the valve 18, which is associated with it, would be considered as an equivalence which cannot in any way modify the scope of the invention.
Le rotor de la pompe selon l'invention peut être muni de plus de deux palettes avec un nombre chaque fois double des ailettes sur le clapet. De même, la pompe selon l'invention peut être utilisée pour véhiculer tous types de fruits facilement endommageable ainsi que toute autre matière liquide ou pâteuse. Elle peut aussi être utilisée comme soufflante. The rotor of the pump according to the invention can be provided with more than two vanes with a number each time of the fins on the valve. Likewise, the pump according to the invention can be used to convey all types of easily damaged fruit as well as any other liquid or pasty material. It can also be used as a blower.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Pompe rotative dont le corps (1) délimite une cavité fermée de section transversale d'allure générale sensiblement ovale, dans laquelle le rotor (11) à palettes, accouplé à un moteur d'entrainement (16) est monté de manière à y définir en permanence, lors de sa rotation, une zone d'aspira¬ tion (34) et une zone de refoulement (35) de volumes variables, isolées l'une de l'autre et communiquant respectivement avec une ouverture d'aspiration et une ouverture de refoulement, caractérisée en ce que le rotor cylindrique (11) est monté en rotation autour de l'axe (X.) d'une chambre principale (4) concentrique audit rotor, constituant une partie de la cavité du corps (1) de la pompe, et porte les palettes fixes (12, 13) réparties à intervales angu¬ laires égaux à la périphérie du rotor tout en étant dimensionnées pour venir en contact constant à frottement doux avec la paroi de ladite chambre (4), tandis que ladite cavité renferme, à l'opposé de-ladite chambre un clapet rotatif (18) qui est orienté dans la direction de l'axe (X_) parallèle à l'axe (X, ) de la chambre principale (4) en obturant totalement, dans cette position, l'ouverture formée entre la surface du rotor (11) et la portion de paroi de l'autre partie de la cavité formée par la chambre auxiliaire hémicylindrique contenant ledit clapet et concentrique à lui, ce clapet (18) pouvant, sous l'action des moyens d'actionnement (15, 16, 23) agissant en synchronisme avec la rotation du rotor, subir un mouvement d'effacement cyclique permettant à chaque fois le passage d'une palette (12 ou 13) du rotor (11) tout en assu¬ rant le maintien d'un contact à frottement doux entre le"clapet (18) et cette dernière. CLAIMS 1. Rotary pump whose body (1) delimits a closed cavity of generally oval general cross-section, in which the rotor (11) with vanes, coupled to a drive motor (16) is mounted so as to permanently define therein, during its rotation, a suction zone (34) and a discharge zone (35) of variable volumes, isolated from one another and communicating respectively with a suction opening and a discharge opening, characterized in that the cylindrical rotor (11) is rotatably mounted about the axis (X.) of a main chamber (4) concentric with said rotor, constituting a part of the body cavity (1 ) of the pump, and carries the fixed vanes (12, 13) distributed at equal angular intervals at the periphery of the rotor while being sized to come into constant contact with gentle friction with the wall of said chamber (4), while that said cavity contains, opposite to said chamber a rotary valve (18) which is oriented in the direction of the axis (X_) parallel to the axis (X,) of the main chamber (4) by completely closing, in this position, the opening formed between the surface of the rotor (11) and the wall portion of the other part of the cavity formed by the semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber containing said valve and concentric with it, this valve (18) being able, under the action of the means of actuation (15, 16, 23) acting in synchronism with the rotation of the rotor, undergoing a cyclic erasure movement allowing each time the passage of a pallet (12 or 13) of the rotor (11) while ensuring the maintaining a soft friction contact between the " valve (18) and the latter.
2. Pompe rotative selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les palettes (12, 13) du rotor (11) s'étendent entièrement dans des plans passant par l'axe (X.) de ce dernier.2. Rotary pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the vanes (12, 13) of the rotor (11) extend entirely in planes passing through the axis (X.) of the latter.
3. Pompe rotative selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le clapet (18), monté à rotation sur l'axe (X~), parallèle à celui (X, ) du rotor, de la chambre auxiliaire hémicylindrique (5) constituant une seconde partie de la cavité contiguë à la chambre principale (4), ouverte sur celle-ci et dont l'axe est situé dans le plan bissecteur de l'angle formé par les bouches d'aspiration (34) et de refoulement (35), est constitué par un arbre (19) muni d'ailettes (20a à 20d) de même hauteur, qui s'étendent sur toute la longueur de ladite chambre auxiliaire (5) et sont en nombre égal au double de celui des palettes (12, 13) du rotor (11) tout en étant unifor¬ mément réparties sur le pourtour du clapet (18) et couvrent toute la longueur du rayon de la chambre auxiliaire (5), lequel est égal à la distance séparant l'axe (X~) de cette dernière de la surface cylindrique du rotor (11), lesdits moyens d'actionnement du clapet étant conçus pour, à chaque fois qu'une palet (12, 13) du rotor (11) parvient tout près de l'ailette du clapet, qui est en contact avec la surface dudit rotor, faire pivoter le clapet (18) autour de son axe (X2), sur l'angle séparant deux ailettes successives.3. Rotary pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the valve (18), mounted for rotation on the axis (X ~), parallel to that (X,) of the rotor, of the semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber (5 ) constituting a second part of the cavity contiguous to the main chamber (4), open on the latter and the axis of which is situated in the bisector plane of the angle formed by the suction (34) and discharge outlets (35), is constituted by a shaft (19) provided with fins (20a to 20d) of the same height, which extend over the entire length of said auxiliary chamber (5) and are in number equal to twice that of paddles (12, 13) of the rotor (11) while being uniformly distributed over the periphery of the valve (18) and cover the entire length the radius of the auxiliary chamber (5), which is equal to the distance separating the axis (X ~) of the latter from the cylindrical surface of the rotor (11), said valve actuation means being designed for, at each once a puck (12, 13) of the rotor (11) comes close to the flap of the valve, which is in contact with the surface of said rotor, pivot the valve (18) around its axis (X 2 ) , on the angle separating two successive fins.
4. Pompe rotative selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'actionnement du clapet sont constitués par le moteur d'entra nement (16) du rotor (11) et par un mécanisme de synchronisation (23) par . l'intermédiaire duquel ce moteur est accouplé à l'arbre (19) du clapet (18).4. Rotary pump according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve actuation means are constituted by the drive motor (16) of the rotor (11) and by a synchronization mechanism (23) by. through which this motor is coupled to the shaft (19) of the valve (18).
5. Pompe rotative selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit mécanisme de synchronisation (23) comprend, à l'extérieur de la cavité de la pompe, un premier plateau circulaire (24) calé sur l'arbre (14) du rotor (11) et pourvu, en des positions angulaires correspondant à celles des palettes (12, 13) du rotor, des doigts d'entrainement (25, 26) taillés selon la développante d'une dent d'engrenage, et un second plateau (29) qui est calé sur l'arbre (19) du clapet (18) et qui est formé de branches (30) positionnées en correspondance avec les ailettes (20a à 20d) de ce dernier tout en délimitant entre elles des découpes (31) de forme complémentaire à celle des doigts d'entrainement du premier plateau, le second plateau étant en outre successivement en contact glissant avec la tranche du premier, par le bord libre extérieur (32) de chacune de ses branches.5. Rotary pump according to claim 4, characterized in that said synchronization mechanism (23) comprises, outside the pump cavity, a first circular plate (24) wedged on the shaft (14) of the rotor (11) and provided, at angular positions corresponding to those of the blades (12, 13) of the rotor, drive fingers (25, 26) cut according to the involute of a gear tooth, and a second plate ( 29) which is wedged on the shaft (19) of the valve (18) and which is formed of branches (30) positioned in correspondence with the fins (20a to 20d) of the latter while delimiting cutouts (31) therebetween of shape complementary to that of the drive fingers of the first plate, the second plate being also successively in sliding contact with the edge of the first, by the free outer edge (32) of each of its branches.
6. Pompe rotative selon la revendication (5), caractérisée en ce que les bords libres extérieurs (32) des branches (30) du second plateau (29) portent respectivement, à chacune de leurs extrémités, un galet fou (33) en contact avec la tranche du premier plateau (24) et chacun des doigts d'entrainement (25, 26) de ce dernier est bordé de deux échancrures sensible¬ ment semi-circulaires (27, 28) destinées à coopérer avec les galets (33).6. Rotary pump according to claim (5), characterized in that the free outer edges (32) of the legs (30) of the second plate (29) respectively carry, at each of their ends, an idler roller (33) in contact with the edge of the first plate (24) and each of the drive fingers (25, 26) of the latter is bordered by two substantially semicircular notches (27, 28) intended to cooperate with the rollers (33).
7. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la cavité intérieure de la pompe présente un plan de symétrie longitudinal (P) sur lequel se trouvent les axes de rotation (X.. , X_) du clapet (18) et du rotor (11).7. Rotary pump according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the interior cavity of the pump has a longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) on which are located the axes of rotation (X .., X_) of the valve (18) and rotor (11).
8. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisée en ce que les ouvertures d'aspiration et de refoulement débouchent, dans l'espace (16) qui fait communiquer, sur toute leur lon¬ gueur, les chambres principales (*!) et auxiliaire (5), et se prolongent extérieurement par des embouts dé raccordement (7, 8) dont les axes (Y , Y ) sont orthogonaux.8. Rotary pump according to any one of claims 3 7, characterized in that the suction and delivery openings open into the space (16) which makes the main (*!) and auxiliary (5) chambers communicate over their entire length, and externally extend by connection end pieces (7, 8) whose axes (Y, Y) are orthogonal.
9. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le rotor (11) est muni de deux palettes (12, 13) diamétralement opposées et le clapet (18) comporte quatre ailettes (20a à 20d) disposées en croix, parmi lesquelles deux obturent la chambre auxi¬ liaire semi-cylindrique le long de son plan diamétral dans la position de repos du clapet (18).9. Rotary pump according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the rotor (11) is provided with two vanes (12, 13) diametrically opposite and the valve (18) comprises four fins (20a to 20d) arranged in a cross, of which two close off the semi-cylindrical auxiliary chamber along its diametrical plane in the rest position of the valve (18).
10. Pompe rotative selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les ailettes (20a à 20d) du-clapet (18) sont réunies deux à deux par des surfaces concaves (21) sensiblement hyperboliques dont le rayon de courbure est légèrement inférieur au rayon du cercle d'enveloppe des palettes (12,10. Rotary pump according to claim 9, characterized in that the fins (20a to 20d) of the valve (18) are joined in pairs by concave surfaces (21) substantially hyperbolic whose radius of curvature is slightly less than the radius of the pallet envelope circle (12,
13) du rotor (11), chacune desdites surfaces concaves étant parcourues à frot¬ tement doux succesivement par l'extrémité libre de chaque palette (12, 13) du rotor (11) au cours du déplacement simultané dudit rotor et du clapet.13) of the rotor (11), each of said concave surfaces being traversed by soft friction successively by the free end of each pallet (12, 13) of the rotor (11) during the simultaneous movement of said rotor and of the valve.
11. Pompe rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la partie (4) de la cavité, concentrique au rotor cylindrique (11), se développe selon une forme au moins égale à un hémicylindre ouvert et communiquant avec la seconde partie (5) de ladite cavité, concen¬ trique au clapet (18), de forme hémicylindrique, ces deux parties, qui consti¬ tuent ensemble la cavité générale d'allure sensiblement ovale, étant raccordées l'une à l'autre par les plans (37, 38) tels qu'ils assurent l'acheminement sans dommage des fruits véhiculés par la pompe. 11. Rotary pump according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the part (4) of the cavity, concentric with the cylindrical rotor (11), develops in a shape at least equal to an open and communicating semi-cylinder with the second part (5) of said cavity, concen¬ tric to the valve (18), of semi-cylindrical shape, these two parts, which together constitute the general cavity of substantially oval shape, being connected one to the other by the plans (37, 38) as they ensure the delivery without damage of the fruits conveyed by the pump.
EP19870905624 1986-09-01 1987-08-28 Rotary pump with minimized friction and respecting the integrity of conveyed material Withdrawn EP0321483A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8612522 1986-09-01
FR8612522A FR2603349B1 (en) 1986-09-01 1986-09-01 ROTARY PUMP WITH MINIMALIZED FRICTIONS AND RESPECTING THE INTEGRITY OF VEHICLE PRODUCTS

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0321483A1 true EP0321483A1 (en) 1989-06-28

Family

ID=9338748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870905624 Withdrawn EP0321483A1 (en) 1986-09-01 1987-08-28 Rotary pump with minimized friction and respecting the integrity of conveyed material

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0321483A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2008198A6 (en)
FR (1) FR2603349B1 (en)
GR (1) GR871347B (en)
WO (1) WO1988001694A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011027092A (en) 2009-07-24 2011-02-10 Shigeru Sato Means for constituting internal combustion engine, and means for pressure-sending fluid
US9752580B2 (en) * 2014-09-23 2017-09-05 G.P.S. Green Power Solution Sa Positive displacement gear pump
ES2956851A1 (en) * 2022-05-24 2023-12-29 Alarcon Antonio Canizares VISCOUS MASS DRIVE PUMP WITH SOLID ELEMENTS IN SUSPENSION (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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BE369678A (en) *
FR326646A (en) * 1902-11-24 1903-06-02 Johnson Sinclair Joseph Rotary piston engine
FR423795A (en) * 1910-12-17 1911-04-26 Charles Comstock Steam and vacuum engine
GB191224004A (en) * 1912-10-21 1913-04-10 William John Gooding An Improved Wheel-guard or Obstruction Remover for Motor, Tramway and other Vehicles.
GB203779A (en) * 1922-06-13 1923-09-13 Frederick Vincent Improvements in and relating to rotary engines
US3218984A (en) * 1965-02-10 1965-11-23 Charles N Mosovsky Fluid pressure device
JPS50125110A (en) * 1974-03-11 1975-10-01
US4154208A (en) * 1975-07-05 1979-05-15 Eiichi Kunieda Rotary engine
CH647843A5 (en) * 1980-02-25 1985-02-15 Franz Dolderer Mosimann Rotary engine
DE3329377A1 (en) * 1983-04-14 1984-10-18 Bsa Maschinenfabrik Paul G. Langer Gmbh, 8581 Marktschorgast Pump

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See references of WO8801694A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2603349A1 (en) 1988-03-04
FR2603349B1 (en) 1990-11-16
GR871347B (en) 1988-01-12
WO1988001694A1 (en) 1988-03-10
ES2008198A6 (en) 1989-07-16

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