EP0315669B1 - Kehrfahrzeuge - Google Patents

Kehrfahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0315669B1
EP0315669B1 EP88904990A EP88904990A EP0315669B1 EP 0315669 B1 EP0315669 B1 EP 0315669B1 EP 88904990 A EP88904990 A EP 88904990A EP 88904990 A EP88904990 A EP 88904990A EP 0315669 B1 EP0315669 B1 EP 0315669B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brush
steerable wheels
matter
control
wheels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88904990A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0315669A1 (de
Inventor
Richard Harold Glyn Parr
Ian James Duncan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHMIDT UK LIMITED
Original Assignee
Morningfield Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Morningfield Ltd filed Critical Morningfield Ltd
Publication of EP0315669A1 publication Critical patent/EP0315669A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0315669B1 publication Critical patent/EP0315669B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H1/0827—Dislodging by suction; Mechanical dislodging-cleaning apparatus with independent or dependent exhaust, e.g. dislodging-sweeping machines with independent suction nozzles ; Mechanical loosening devices working under vacuum
    • E01H1/0836—Apparatus dislodging all of the dirt by suction ; Suction nozzles
    • E01H1/0845—Apparatus dislodging all of the dirt by suction ; Suction nozzles with mechanical loosening or feeding instruments for the dirt to be sucked- up, e.g. brushes, scrapers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/02—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt
    • E01H1/05—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes
    • E01H1/053—Brushing apparatus, e.g. with auxiliary instruments for mechanically loosening dirt with driven brushes having vertical axes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cleaning vehicles, for example such vehicles as disclosed in International patent application WO-A 8701404, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated.
  • a cleaning vehicle in which the brush gear and the suction gear are both mounted on a support structure which is itself mounted for turning movement relative to the vehicle body.
  • the support structure also carries the steerable wheels so that the entire assembly moves in unison.
  • the matter inlet means or nozzle is located between the steerable wheels and the brush gear and nozzle and the steerable wheels turn as a single assembly, whereby their relative positions are unchanged during steering movements of the vehicle.
  • This strip lies between the inboard edge of the zone swept by the inboard brush, and the outboard edge of the nozzle.
  • the problem arises, at least in part, from the fact that the mounting of the brush gear is such that the inboard brush may need to be individually swung outwards about its pivot by the driver to enable the brush to maintain contact with the kerb or other curved edge being swept.
  • a cleaning vehicle incorporating a brush gear position control system having position sensing and feedback.
  • DE-A-3517079 there is disclosed a cleaning vehicle in which two sweeping brushes and a nozzle are mounted on a frame and form a sub-assembly which is pivoted on the vehicle body in unison with the steered wheels.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning vehicle offering improvements in relation to one or more of the matters discussed above, or generally.
  • the suction nozzle or matter inlet means is pivoted independently of the brush mounting, and both these assemblies are steered in accordance with the steering of the steerable wheels of the vehicle.
  • different pivotal relationships as between the nozzle and the steered wheels, and the brush gear and the steered wheels can be achieved.
  • These differing relationships enable the avoidance or substantial reduction of unswept areas or "trails" to be achieved.
  • the relationship between the angular position of the steered wheels and the positions of the brush or brushes and the nozzle may be non-linear. A different curve may be provided by the nozzle and the or each of the brushes. At any time, the driver can override the aforesaid relationship to provide independent brush control.
  • a cleaning vehicle 10 comprises ground wheels including forward steerable wheels 12, 14 and rear driven wheels (not shown) on which is mounted a vehicle body ⁇ also not shown.
  • Vehicle 10 further comprises brush gear 16 having brushes 18 and 20, together with suction gear 22 in the form of a suction intake nozzle.
  • Steerable wheels 12, 14 are mounted for pivotal movement about respective upwardly extending axes 24, 26 and are interconnected by a steering linkage 28 comprising steering arms 30, 32 interconnected by a steering link 34 and steering joints 36, 38.
  • a steering control system is provided to enable an operator of the vehicle to steer it in the conventional way from his cab.
  • the steering system for the vehicle described thus far, is very analogous to a conventional Ackermann vehicle steering system.
  • each brush 18, 20 is mounted on its respective wheel axle assembly 40, 42 through support arms 44, 46 and brush mounting linkages 48, 50.
  • Linkages 48, 50 are constructed substantially as described in the prior International application, to which reference is directed for all detailed information. Suffice it to say for present purposes that each linkage comprises hydraulic rams 52, 54 which, together with a helical tension spring serve to control the linkages by means of a hydraulic system (not shown) including a valve under driver control. The driver can set the lateral position of each brush by causing pivotal movement of the assembly about an inner pivot 56 having an upwardly extending axis.
  • the linkage permits rearward yielding movement of its brush (with respect to direction F of vehicle forward motion) by pivotal movement about a forward upwardly extending articulation axis 58 against the action of the helical tension spring.
  • suction gear 22 this comprises a suction nozzle 60 constructed in a manner similar to that disclosed in the prior International application and mounted for independent pivotal movement about an upwardly extending axis 62.
  • a steering arm 64 is fixed to nozzle 60 so as to be able to steer it about axis 62.
  • Steering arm 64 is connected to the steering arm 30 of steerable wheel 12 by a steering link 66 through steering joints 68, 70.
  • steering movement of wheels 12, 14 by virtue of steering linkage 28 causes corresponding steering movement, in synchronism with the wheels, of nozzle 60 by virtue of the linkage 72 constituted by link 66, arm 64 and steering joints 68, 70.
  • Control means is thus provided to control both the steerable wheels 12, 14 and the pivotal movement of the matter removal means comprising nozzle 60 and brush gear 16.
  • the control means comprises the driver's steering control system for the wheels 12, 14, together with the linkage 72 and arms 44, 46 together with the brush mountings 48, 50.
  • linkage 72 it can be arranged that the nozzle and brushes pivot relative to the vehicle body with different relationships to the steerable wheels, so that for example, the angular movement of nozzle 60 is greater than that of the brush assemblies, whereby, even on sharp turns, the nozzle at least compensates for the need to individually swing, under driver control, the inboard brush in an outward direction relative to the inboard steered wheel, as the turn is executed.
  • brush mountings 48 and 50 are fixed at their inboard ends 100, 102 on the body 104 of vehicle 10.
  • the point of attachment may be at any suitable location, and if the vehicle incorporates a resilient suspension, the point of attachment may be on the sprung or unsprung portion of the vehicle. Otherwise, the brush mountings 48 and 50 are substantially identical to those of Fig. 1.
  • Nozzle 22 is pivoted about axis 62, as in Fig. 1, but link 66 is not connected to steering arm 30. Instead, link 66 is connected to an operating mechanism (not shown) under the control of a programmable electronic control system indicated at 106.
  • Controller 106 forms part of the control means in this embodiment, which corresponds to the mechanical link and mounting system interconnecting the brush gear and nozzle and steered wheels in Fig. 1.
  • sensors 108, 110, 112, 114 and 116 are provided on steered wheels 12, 14, and nozzle 22 and brush mountings 48 and 50 respectively. These sensors may be of any suitable form. For example, they may be in the form of potentiometers. The sensors feed signals back to the controller 106 through signal transmitting lines 118.
  • the controller is arranged so that actuation of nozzle 22 and brush mountings 48 and 50 is effected in accordance with the degree of angular movement of steered wheels 12, 14 about their respective steering axes.
  • the lateral positions of the brush gear and the nozzle are controlled by hydraulic or pneumatic rams.
  • the fluid control system for the rams incorporates a solenoid valve or valves.
  • the valve control system may be generally on the lines disclosed in EP-A-0087936.
  • Alternative systems for actuation and control of the nozzle and brush gear by means of the signals from sensors 108 to 116 may be provided.
  • the controller 106 itself provides for a different pivotal relationship between nozzle 22 and steered wheels 12, 14, than there is between brush mountings 48 and 50 and the steered wheels. Controller 106 provides for variation of these angular relationships according to driver choice and/or sensed vehicle operational parameters.
  • the one, two or more brushes and the nozzle can each have their own curve when steering angle of the wheels is plotted against the positions of the brushes and nozzle.
  • the brushes and nozzle can each have two or more such curves representing different and driver-selectable operational modes. These could be selected by, for example, the mere operation of a switch by the driver.
  • the brush gear and nozzle are provided with flexible position control which is adaptable to operational requirements and emergencies while maximising sweeping efficiency and sweeping width while minimising the tendency to produce unswept areas and trails.
  • the driver's manual control system for the vehicle includes a manual override control lever for the brush gear whereby he can position the brushes according to instantaneous requirements during vehicle travel. After such manual adjustment, once the brushes have been reset to a desired position, or else have been allowed to automatically reset thereto, the automatic control system takes over and maintains the proper relationship between brushes and nozzle and the vehicle body according to the selected operating programme of controller 106.
  • Fig. 3 the general arrangement and mode of operation is substantially as described above in connection with Fig. 2.
  • Simplified brush mountings 248 and 250 are provided, these being directly pivoted on the vehicle body at 252 and 254, and actuated by ram assemblies 256 and 258 respectively having angular movement sensors 257, 259.
  • Nozzle 260 is pivoted at 262 and actuated by a ram 264 and associated angular movement sensor 265.
  • Steered front wheels 266, 268 are controlled by a ram 270 and associated angular movement sensor 271 acting on a steering link 272.
  • a control system for the rams 256, 258, 264 and 270 and their sensors is provided as described above in connection with Fig. 2.
  • the vehicle is driven by rear wheels 273, 274 by means of an engine and transmission mounted on the vehicle body 276. Operation of this embodiment is substantially as described above in connection with Fig. 2.
  • any suitable brush mounting linkage can be adopted according to the differing requirements of the above two embodiments, and otherwise.
  • Such linkage can be provided with varying degrees of sophistication of control according to need, as disclosed above.
  • only relatively simple control of the brush gear is strictly needed in view of its automatic steering control system arising from its mechanical connection to the vehicle steering system.
  • the independent mounting of the brush gear and of the matter inlet means or nozzle permits differential rates of angular movement between the two as they turn with the steerable wheels.
  • the brush gear moves exactly in unison with its respective steered wheel, by being mounted on the axle assembly thereof. This is not essential, as the second embodiment shows.
  • An independent mounting with a linkage connection or other connection can also be envisaged.
  • the mechanical links direct to the steering system of the vehicle in Fig. 1 can be replaced by hydraulic or other connections, as described in relation to Fig. 2. In such a case, it can be readily provided that when steering control of the brush and/or matter inlet is not required, this can be dispensed with.
  • the hydraulic or electronic and/or other connection could be arranged to be selectively rendered inoperable.
  • a third brush may be required for the vehicle in certain circumstances. Moreover, for certain operating conditions it may be necessary or desirable to control only one brush, or less than all the brushes at any given time.
  • the pivotal mounting of the nozzle then becomes the only major structural change included in the embodiment.
  • the angular movement sensors are readily fitted to existing vehicle designs and the technology for such sensors is well established.
  • the overall controller 106 will in most cases be electronic, with outputs to solenoid type valve control systems, and can incorporate existing brush gear control systems, such as disclosed in EP-A-0087936.
  • the embodiment provides a significant step towards total control of the brush and nozzle systems in a sweeping vehicle while requiring only modest changes to existing vehicle designs. Also, loads in the steering system are lower than in certain prior art proposals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Reinigungsfahrzeug bzw. Kehrfahrzeug (10) mit Bodenrädern bzw. Laufrädern (12, 14) mit einem oder mehreren lenkbaren Rädern (12, 14); einer Fahrzeugkarosserie (104), die auf den Laufrädern angebracht ist; Steuermitteln (28) zum Steuern der lenkbaren Räder; Stoff- bzw. Schmutzentfernungsmitteln, die in Bezug zu einer zur reinigenden Oberfläche positionierbar sind, um Schmutz davon zu entfernen; wobei die Schmutzentfernungsmittel ein Bürstenrad (16) und Schmutzeinlaßmittel (60) umfassen und für eine Drehbewegung relativ zur Fahrzeugkarosserie angebracht und mit den lenkbaren Rädern so verbunden sind, daß sie sich relativ zur Fahrzeugkarosserie mit den lenkbaren Rädern bewegen, wenn das Fahrzeug gelenkt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bürstenrad (16) und die Schmutzeinlaßmittel (60) für eine unabhängige Drehbewegung unter Steuerung der Lenksteuermittel angebracht sind, so daß sie sich relativ zur Fahrzeugkarosserie mit den lenkbaren Rädern (12, 14) drehen, wenn das Fahrzeug gelenkt wird.
2. Reinigungsfahrzeug bzw. Kehrfahrzeug (10) mit Boden- bzw. Laufrädern (12, 14; 266, 268, 273, 274) mit einem oder mehreren lenkbaren Rädern; einer Fahrzeugkarosserie (104, 276), die auf den Laufrädern angebracht ist; Material- bzw. Schmutzentfernungsmittel, die in Arbeitsbeziehung zu einer zu reinigenden Oberfläche positionierbar sind, um Schmutz davon zu entfernen; wobei die Schmutzentfernungsmittel zumindest eine Bürste (18, 20), die eine zugeordnete Bürstenhalterung (48, 50; 248, 250) aufweist und Schmutzeinlaßmittel (22; 260) umfassen und wobei die Schmutzentfernungsmittel für eine Schwenkbewegung relativ zur Fahrzeugkarosserie (104; 276) angebracht sind; und Steuermitteln (106) zum Steuern sowohl der lenkbaren Räder als auch der Schwenkbewegung der Schmutzentfernungsmittel; dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmutzeinlaßmittel (22, 260) für eine Schwenkbewegung unabhängig von der Bürstenhalterung (48, 50; 248, 250) angebracht sind, so daß die Schmutzeinlaßmittel und die Bürstenhalterung relativ zur Fahrzeugkarosserie mit unterschiedlichen Verhältnissen zu den lenkbaren Rädern (12, 14; 266, 268) schwenkbar sind.
3. Kehrfahrzeug nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmutzeinlaßmittel (60; 260) an der Fahrzeugkarosserie zwischen den lenkbaren Rädern für eine Schwenkbewegung um ihre eigene, sich aufwärts erstreckende Schwenkachse (62, 262) angebracht sind.
4. Kehrfahrzeug nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bürstenhalterung einen Bürstenhalterungsarm aufweist, der eine Schwenkeinrichtung umfaßt und an seinem inneren Ende (100, 102) an der Fahrzeugkarosserie (204, 276) befestigt ist.
5. Kehrfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel selber die lenkbaren Räder (12, 14) und die Schmutzentfernungsmittel (60) verbinden und die Differenz in den Schwenkbeziehungen zwischen der Bürste und den Schmutzeinlaßmitteln in Bezug auf die lenkbaren Räder vorsehen.
6. Kehrfahrzeug nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel Fühlereinrichtungen bzw. Gebereinrichtungen (108, 110), die die Lenkbewegung der lenkbaren Räder fühlen bzw. überwachen und Schwenksteuermittel (106), die die Schwenkbewegung der Bürstenhalterung und der Schmutzeinlaßmittel in Abhängigkeit davon steuern, umfassen.
7. Kehrfahrzeug nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel eine programmierbare elektronische Einrichtung (106) umfassen, die so arrangiert sind, daß die Beziehung zwischen der Schwenkbewegung der Schmutzeinlaßmittel (60, 260) und/oder der Bürstenhalterung (48, 50; 248, 250) in Abhängigkeit von der Schwenkbewegung der lenkbaren Räder geändert wird, und zwar gemäß vom Fahrer gewählten Kriterien oder automatisch registrierten Fahrzeugbetriebsparametern.
8. Kehrfahrzeug nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel eine von Hand betätigbare Schalteinrichtung umfassen und daß die vom Fahrer wählbaren Kriterien zwei oder mehr Betriebsarten der Schmutzentfernungsmittel umfassen, die vom Fahrer durch manuelle Betätigung der Schalteinrichtung wählbar sind, in welchen die Beziehungen der Schwenkbewegung der Schmutzeinlaßmittel (60, 260) und der Bürstenhalterung (48, 50; 248, 250) in Bezug auf die lenkbaren Räder von einer Betriebsart zur anderen differieren und daß die Beziehungen nicht-linear sind.
9. Kehrfahrzeug nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel eine von Hand betätigbare Übersteuereinrichtung umfassen, so daß der Fahrer die Bürstenhalterung (48, 50; 248, 250) zur Positionierung der Bürste schwenken kann.
10. Kehrfahrzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel schwenkbar verbundene Gestänge bzw. Stangen (34, 66) umfassen, die die lenkbaren Räder (12, 14) und die Schmutzeinlaßmittel (60) untereinander verbinden, um die unabhängige Schwenkbewegung von diesen zu bewirken.
EP88904990A 1987-06-05 1988-06-06 Kehrfahrzeuge Expired - Lifetime EP0315669B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB878713251A GB8713251D0 (en) 1987-06-05 1987-06-05 Cleaning vehicles
GB8713251 1987-06-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0315669A1 EP0315669A1 (de) 1989-05-17
EP0315669B1 true EP0315669B1 (de) 1991-09-25

Family

ID=10618468

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88904990A Expired - Lifetime EP0315669B1 (de) 1987-06-05 1988-06-06 Kehrfahrzeuge

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP0315669B1 (de)
AU (1) AU1944888A (de)
CA (1) CA1299829C (de)
DE (1) DE3865176D1 (de)
GB (1) GB8713251D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1988009848A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1612335A2 (de) 2004-06-29 2006-01-04 Schmidt Holding GmbH Selbstfahrende Kehrmaschine

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2244750B (en) * 1990-06-08 1995-03-22 Schmidt Mfg & Equip Suction nozzle mounting for a cleaning vehicle
GB9015529D0 (en) * 1990-07-14 1990-08-29 Schmidt Mfg & Equip Cleaning vehicles
DE4429996A1 (de) * 1994-08-24 1996-02-29 Kaercher Gmbh & Co Alfred Kehrfahrzeug
US7350264B2 (en) * 2003-11-06 2008-04-01 Madvac Inc. Mobile vacuum sweeper
DE102005018882A1 (de) * 2005-04-22 2006-11-02 Hako-Werke Gmbh Bodenreinigungsmaschine
DE102009014560A1 (de) * 2009-03-16 2010-09-23 Alfred Kärcher Gmbh & Co. Kg Auswechselbare Kehrbürsteneinrichtung und Kehrmaschine mit einer derartigen Kehrbürsteneinrichtung
CN102348851B (zh) 2009-03-17 2014-03-12 阿尔弗雷德·凯驰两合公司 自走式清扫机
CN104831655B (zh) * 2015-04-14 2016-08-24 江苏大学 一种纯电动道路清扫车车载监控系统

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2116613B (en) * 1982-02-27 1985-07-24 Schmidt Mfg & Equip Road sweeping machine
DE3517079A1 (de) * 1985-05-11 1986-11-13 Schörling GmbH & Co Waggonbau, 3000 Hannover Selbstaufnehmendes kehrfahrzeug
DE3650469T2 (de) * 1985-08-31 1996-08-14 Morningfield Ltd Reinigungsfahrzeuge

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
WO A 87/01404 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1612335A2 (de) 2004-06-29 2006-01-04 Schmidt Holding GmbH Selbstfahrende Kehrmaschine
DE102004032383B3 (de) * 2004-06-29 2006-03-09 Schmidt Holding Gmbh Selbstfahrende Kehrmaschine
EP1612335A3 (de) * 2004-06-29 2006-04-12 Schmidt Holding GmbH Selbstfahrende Kehrmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0315669A1 (de) 1989-05-17
WO1988009848A1 (en) 1988-12-15
GB8713251D0 (en) 1987-07-08
DE3865176D1 (de) 1991-10-31
CA1299829C (en) 1992-05-05
AU1944888A (en) 1989-01-04

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