EP0310203A1 - Combination of filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations in a matrix, and use thereof - Google Patents
Combination of filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations in a matrix, and use thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0310203A1 EP0310203A1 EP88202164A EP88202164A EP0310203A1 EP 0310203 A1 EP0310203 A1 EP 0310203A1 EP 88202164 A EP88202164 A EP 88202164A EP 88202164 A EP88202164 A EP 88202164A EP 0310203 A1 EP0310203 A1 EP 0310203A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filaments
- combination
- matrix
- damping
- internal damping
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
- D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/444—Yarns or threads for use in sports applications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/48—Tyre cords
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
- D03D15/267—Glass
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
- D04H1/4242—Carbon fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/4334—Polyamides
- D04H1/4342—Aromatic polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
- D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/004—Glass yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2507/00—Sport; Military
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a combination of filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations in a matrix.
- filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations preferably filaments having high internal damping and consisting of highly drawn filaments of polymers having ultrahigh molecular weight and high tensile strengths and also moduli and filaments of low internal damping, for example glass fibers or carbon fibers, being embedded in a matrix made preferably of epoxy resin.
- suitable materials for the matrix are unsaturated polyester, polyethylene, vinyl or thermoplastics.
- the filaments of high internal damping have preferably been produced by the gel process with subsequent drawing to high draw ratios.
- the filaments of high internal damping consist of polymers having an ultrahigh molecular weight of more than 600,000 g/mol (weight average of molecular weight), in particular polyolefins.
- the filaments of high internal damping are present in a proportion from 30 to 50% by volume of the total quantity of filaments in the composite material or combination.
- a gel process whereby the filaments of high internal damping are preferably produced is described for example in GB-A-2,042,414 and -2,051,667 and also in DE Offenlegungsschrift 3,724,434 and comprises essentially dissolving the particular polymer used for filament production in a solvent, molding the solution at a temperature above the dissolving temperature of the polymer into a filament, cooling the filament, for gelling, down to a temperature below the dissolving temperature and drawing the filament with solvent removal.
- the polymer used for producing the filaments of high internal damping can be of any desired type, for example polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, as also polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride etc.
- the filaments of high internal damping consist of polymers of ultrahigh molecular weight, in particular polyolefins, particular preference being given to polyethylenes, in particular linear polyethylenes.
- polyethylenes may contain minor amounts, preferably not more than 5 mol-%, of one or more other alkenes copolymerizable therewith, such as propylene, butylene, pentene, hexene, 4-methylpentene, octene etc. and have 1 to 10, in particular 2 to 6, methyl or ethyl groups per 1,000 carbon atoms.
- other polyolefins for example polypropylene homopolymers and copolymers.
- the polyolefins used may also contain minor amounts of one or more other polymers, in particular alkene-1 polymers.
- the filaments of high internal damping have an oscillation damping factor of more than 20 . 10 ⁇ 3.
- Filaments made of polyethylene of ultrahigh molecular weight have an internal damping factor of more than 100 . 10 ⁇ 3.
- the filaments of high internal damping and of low internal damping are preferably embedded in a plastic matrix, made in particular of epoxy resin, polyester, polyethylene or the like.
- the filaments of low internal damping are arranged around the filaments of high internal damping.
- the combination of fibers of high internal damping and fibers of low internal damping in a matrix improves the dynamic behavior of the composition as a consequence of the high damping capacity of the filaments, made for example of polyethylene of ultrahigh molecular weight, and as a consequence of the high energy absorption by the filament/matrix interface, in particular if the filaments consist of a polyethylene of ultrahigh molecular weight and matrix of epoxy resin.
- the composite materials made of filaments of high internal damping, filaments of low internal damping and a matrix in which the filaments are embedded are preferivelyably suitable for producing skis, hockey sticks, tennis rackets, arms for industrial robots, machine housings, angling rods, competition bows or the like.
- the polyethylene filaments of ultrahigh molecular weight are preferably covered with glass fibers. In the event of oscillations this prevents the polyethylene fibers from emerging and projecting out of the matrix.
- the composite article can be covered with a nonwoven to produce a smooth surface.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to combinations of filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations in a matrix, the filaments having good damping properties being present in an amount of about 30 to 50% by volume of the total quantity of filaments. The filaments having high damping properties are in particular filaments made of polyethylene of ultrahigh molecular weight and the filaments having low damping properties are glass fibers or carbon fibers. The composite articles produced from the filaments, which are embedded in a matrix, in particular a matrix made of epoxy resin, are preferably suitable for producing skis, hockey sticks, tennis rackets, robot arms, machine housings, angling rods, competition bows or the like.
Description
- The present invention relates to a combination of filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations in a matrix.
- With many structural parts incorporating composite materials which are reinforced with fibers or filaments, the situations under load incured cause incidental vi brations or oscillations of high frequency. These vibrations or oscillations are generally undesirable, since they lead to premature fatiguing of the material or have an adverse effect on the performance characteristics of the structure. There are existing composite materials composed of graphite, glass and Kevlar fibers and filaments embedded in a matrix in order to have a positive effect on the damping properties of structural parts. Nonetheless, structural parts which are produced in this known manner are subject to undesirable vibrations or oscillations. In addition, composite materials based on graphite, glass and Kevlar fibers or filaments are expensive.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite material of high strength combined, at the same time, with good internal damping.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by combinations of filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations, preferably filaments having high internal damping and consisting of highly drawn filaments of polymers having ultrahigh molecular weight and high tensile strengths and also moduli and filaments of low internal damping, for example glass fibers or carbon fibers, being embedded in a matrix made preferably of epoxy resin. Other suitable materials for the matrix are unsaturated polyester, polyethylene, vinyl or thermoplastics.
- The filaments of high internal damping have preferably been produced by the gel process with subsequent drawing to high draw ratios. In a preferred embodiment, the filaments of high internal damping consist of polymers having an ultrahigh molecular weight of more than 600,000 g/mol (weight average of molecular weight), in particular polyolefins.
- Replacing a portion of the filaments of low internal damping with filaments of high internal damping and made in particular of a polyethylene of ultrahigh molecular weight gives a hybrid structure which, depending on the proportion of filaments of high internal damping, is adaptable to the purposes required. Preferably, the filaments of high internal damping are present in a proportion from 30 to 50% by volume of the total quantity of filaments in the composite material or combination.
- A gel process whereby the filaments of high internal damping are preferably produced is described for example in GB-A-2,042,414 and -2,051,667 and also in DE Offenlegungsschrift 3,724,434 and comprises essentially dissolving the particular polymer used for filament production in a solvent, molding the solution at a temperature above the dissolving temperature of the polymer into a filament, cooling the filament, for gelling, down to a temperature below the dissolving temperature and drawing the filament with solvent removal. The polymer used for producing the filaments of high internal damping can be of any desired type, for example polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, as also polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride etc.
- Preferably, the filaments of high internal damping consist of polymers of ultrahigh molecular weight, in particular polyolefins, particular preference being given to polyethylenes, in particular linear polyethylenes. These polyethylenes may contain minor amounts, preferably not more than 5 mol-%, of one or more other alkenes copolymerizable therewith, such as propylene, butylene, pentene, hexene, 4-methylpentene, octene etc. and have 1 to 10, in particular 2 to 6, methyl or ethyl groups per 1,000 carbon atoms. It is also possible to use other polyolefins, for example polypropylene homopolymers and copolymers. Furthermore, the polyolefins used may also contain minor amounts of one or more other polymers, in particular alkene-1 polymers.
- Preferably, the filaments of high internal damping have an oscillation damping factor of more than 20 . 10⁻³. Filaments made of polyethylene of ultrahigh molecular weight have an internal damping factor of more than 100 . 10⁻³.
- The filaments of high internal damping and of low internal damping are preferably embedded in a plastic matrix, made in particular of epoxy resin, polyester, polyethylene or the like. In a preferred embodiment, the filaments of low internal damping are arranged around the filaments of high internal damping.
- The combination of fibers of high internal damping and fibers of low internal damping in a matrix improves the dynamic behavior of the composition as a consequence of the high damping capacity of the filaments, made for example of polyethylene of ultrahigh molecular weight, and as a consequence of the high energy absorption by the filament/matrix interface, in particular if the filaments consist of a polyethylene of ultrahigh molecular weight and matrix of epoxy resin. The composite materials made of filaments of high internal damping, filaments of low internal damping and a matrix in which the filaments are embedded are preferably suitable for producing skis, hockey sticks, tennis rackets, arms for industrial robots, machine housings, angling rods, competition bows or the like. In the composite material the polyethylene filaments of ultrahigh molecular weight are preferably covered with glass fibers. In the event of oscillations this prevents the polyethylene fibers from emerging and projecting out of the matrix. Moreover, the composite article can be covered with a nonwoven to produce a smooth surface.
-
- 1. A vibration test (RES ME 87 0037 MT-AC) at frequencies from 100 to 310 Hz revealed the following damping factors for fibers embedded in an epoxy matrix:
Carbon fibers in epoxy matrix: damping factor
3 . 10⁻³
Glass fibers in epoxy matrix: damping factor
6 . 10⁻³
Kevlar fibers in epoxy matrix: damping factor
10 . 10⁻³
Fibers made of PE of ultrahigh molecular weight in epoxy matrix: damping factor
20 . 10⁻³ - 2. Torsion damping test (RVD no. 00 00 33).
The test specimens were hybrid structures composed of glass fibers and fibers made of PE of ultrahigh molecular weight in an epoxy matrix and composed of glass fibers in a epoxy matrix. -
Temperature T (°C) Proportion of glass fibers Proportion of PE fibers tan 0° 76% 0% 0.9 x 10⁻² 35% 41% 2.8 x 10⁻² 20° 76% 0% 1.2 x 10⁻² 35% 41% 4.0 x 10⁻² 40° 76% 0% 2.4 x 10⁻² 35% 41% 5.8 x 10⁻² - It has been found that the damping of the hybrid structure is 2.5 to 3 times better than the internal damping of glass fibers in an epoxy matrix.
Claims (12)
1. A combination of filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations in a matrix.
2. A combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filaments are present in the form of yarns, fabrics, blends and/or nonwovens.
3. A combination as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the bulk of the filaments consists of filaments of low internal damping.
4. A combination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filaments of high internal damping account for 30 to 50% by volume of the total quantity of filaments.
5. A combination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the filaments of high internal damping consist of highly drawn filaments of polymers having a high molecular weight and high tensile strengths and also moduli.
6. A combination as claimed in claim 5, wherein the filaments have been produced by the gel process and subsequent drawing to high draw ratios.
7. A combination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the filaments of high internal damping consist of polymers having an ultrahigh molecular weight of more than 600,000 g/mol (weight average of molecular weight), in particular polyolefins.
8. A combination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the filaments of low internal damping are glass fibers or carbon fibers and have an internal damping factor of less than 10 . 10⁻³.
9. A combination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the matrix in which the filaments are embedded comprises a plastics material.
10. A combination as claimed in claim 9, wherein the plastics material is polyester, epoxy, polyethylene or the like.
11. A combination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the filaments of low internal damping are arranged around the filaments of high internal damping.
12. Use of a combination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11 for producing composite materials for skis, hockey sticks, tennis rackets, robot arms, machine housings, angling rods, competition bows or the like.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3733444 | 1987-10-02 | ||
DE3733444 | 1987-10-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0310203A1 true EP0310203A1 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
Family
ID=6337536
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88202164A Withdrawn EP0310203A1 (en) | 1987-10-02 | 1988-09-30 | Combination of filaments having substantially different damping responses to mechanical vibrations in a matrix, and use thereof |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0310203A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH01156531A (en) |
KR (1) | KR890006874A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6758113B2 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2004-07-06 | Asm Assembly Automation Limited | High speed pick and place apparatus |
WO2010079322A1 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2010-07-15 | Cytec Technology Corp. | Structural composite material with improved acoustic and vibrational damping properties |
US7862456B2 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2011-01-04 | Easton Sports, Inc. | Hockey stick |
US7914403B2 (en) | 2008-08-06 | 2011-03-29 | Easton Sports, Inc. | Hockey stick |
US7963868B2 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2011-06-21 | Easton Sports, Inc. | Hockey stick |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1560228A1 (en) * | 1965-06-02 | 1971-01-07 | Jasicek Dr Techn Alfons | Improved cord as an insert for objects made of elastic fabrics and process for its manufacture |
-
1988
- 1988-09-30 JP JP63248898A patent/JPH01156531A/en active Pending
- 1988-09-30 EP EP88202164A patent/EP0310203A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-10-04 KR KR1019880012917A patent/KR890006874A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1560228A1 (en) * | 1965-06-02 | 1971-01-07 | Jasicek Dr Techn Alfons | Improved cord as an insert for objects made of elastic fabrics and process for its manufacture |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7963868B2 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2011-06-21 | Easton Sports, Inc. | Hockey stick |
US8216096B2 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2012-07-10 | Easton Sports, Inc. | Hockey stick |
US8517868B2 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2013-08-27 | Easton Sports, Inc. | Hockey stick |
US6758113B2 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2004-07-06 | Asm Assembly Automation Limited | High speed pick and place apparatus |
US7862456B2 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2011-01-04 | Easton Sports, Inc. | Hockey stick |
US7914403B2 (en) | 2008-08-06 | 2011-03-29 | Easton Sports, Inc. | Hockey stick |
WO2010079322A1 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2010-07-15 | Cytec Technology Corp. | Structural composite material with improved acoustic and vibrational damping properties |
US8450225B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2013-05-28 | Cytec Technology Corp. | Structural composite material with improved acoustic and vibrational damping properties |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH01156531A (en) | 1989-06-20 |
KR890006874A (en) | 1989-06-16 |
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