EP0303653A1 - Procede et appareil permettant de placer des points opposes des deux cotes d'un element plan tel qu'une construction servant de barriere - Google Patents

Procede et appareil permettant de placer des points opposes des deux cotes d'un element plan tel qu'une construction servant de barriere

Info

Publication number
EP0303653A1
EP0303653A1 EP19880901815 EP88901815A EP0303653A1 EP 0303653 A1 EP0303653 A1 EP 0303653A1 EP 19880901815 EP19880901815 EP 19880901815 EP 88901815 A EP88901815 A EP 88901815A EP 0303653 A1 EP0303653 A1 EP 0303653A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
point
receiver
signal
axis
receiver antennas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19880901815
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ove Larsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0303653A1 publication Critical patent/EP0303653A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
    • G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
    • G01V3/104—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils
    • G01V3/105—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils forming directly coupled primary and secondary coils or loops
    • G01V3/107—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils using several coupled or uncoupled coils forming directly coupled primary and secondary coils or loops using compensating coil or loop arrangements

Definitions

  • TITLE Method and Apparatus For Locating Opposite Points On the Two Sides of A Planar Element Such as A Structural Barrier
  • This invention concerns a method and a device for determining the position or locating that point on a surface of a planar element with parallel sides, such as a structural barrier, which point is located di ⁇ rectly opposite a point of origin on the opposite surface of the planar element.
  • the invention provides a novel apparatus of the above indicated general kind comprising a transmitter part and a receiver part, which transmitter part is capable of transmitting a rotationally symmetrical electromagnetic field through the structural element in such way that the axis of field symmetry passes through the point of origin on the structural element first side and is essentially perpendicular to the structural element surface.
  • the receiver part comprises two receiver an ⁇ tennas, each of which antennas has a rotationally symmetrical sensitivi ⁇ ty curve, these antennas being arranged with a fixed mutual spacing and with coincident axes of symmetry, and essentially parallel to the struc ⁇ tural element second side surface, and wherein the signals received are processed in such way as to indicate generally continually whether a signal is received and to indicate in particular whether the two anten ⁇ nas receive signals of equal magnitude, but oppositely directed.
  • An electromagnetic field of the type described in principle de ⁇ fines the point desired exactly, and may be generated with limited e- lectric power so that the necessary transmitter equipment may be built relatively simple.
  • the pair of receiver antennas define a plane perpendicular to the structural element surface plane, and a receiver device capable of de ⁇ tecting and indicating whether a signal is received and indicating very accurately whether the symmetry axis of the transmitter field is located in the receiver antenna symmetry plane or not, can be provided quite simply.
  • a receiver device capable of de ⁇ tecting and indicating whether a signal is received and indicating very accurately whether the symmetry axis of the transmitter field is located in the receiver antenna symmetry plane or not, can be provided quite simply.
  • an operator moves or turns the re-titiver antennas along the structural element second surface until a such plane is established, which plane may then be marked onto the said se ⁇ cond surface, whereafter the operator must once more move the receiver antennas and establish one further plane, whereafter the point of inte ⁇ rest is located.
  • the receiver part indicates the power of the signal received. By such indication is obtained that the operator may immediately determine whether he moves, respectively turns* the antenna closer to or further away from the plane sought. This facilitates the
  • two pairs of receiver antennas are arranged on a common holder or base so that the symmetry axes of the two pairs are situated in different directions, which direc- tions according to the invention are both essentially parallel to the structural element second surface, and which axes may, for instance, be situated mutually perpendicular.
  • the invention further provides a method similar to the apparatus described. Hereby advantages are obtained similarly to the above de ⁇ scribed.
  • figure 1 is a sectional view of a transmitter according to the in ⁇ vention placed at a structural barrier
  • figure 2 shows a planar view of a receiver according to the inven- tion with a single pair of antennas
  • figure 3 shows a section view through the receiver from figure 2
  • figure 4 shows a receiver with two pairs of antennas
  • figure 5 shows a structural barrier with the transmitter active from the structural barrier first side and a receiver antenna shown in three different positions a, b, and c on the structural barrier second side
  • figure 6 shows a plot of received signal power versus displacement of the receiver antenna.
  • a transmitter according to the invention is shown, said transmitter being capable of transmitting a rotationally symmetrical electromagnetic field with a symmetry axis 9.
  • the transmitter comprises a transmitter antenna 11, e.g. a cylindrical ferrite rod, wherearound a conventional electric coil 12 is arranged, said coil being connected to cables 14, by which current from a trans ⁇ mitter generator 15 may be fed to the coil.
  • the generator operation can be controlled by control means, such as push buttons 16.
  • the transmitter antenna 11 is held in any convenient way so that the transmitted field symmetry axis is perpendicular to the structural barrier. To facilitate the practical use, the transmitter antenna may e.g.
  • the antenna rod may be arranged in direct contact with the structural barrier 1, but may alternatively be arranged with a distance herefrom, as shown in the fi ⁇ gure 1, wherein a hole 19 is arranged in the plate.
  • the generator 15 emits a signal oscil ⁇ lating at a frequency of 20 kHz and with a power of 500 mW.
  • the choice of this frequency is essentially governed by regulatory standards as this frequency ensures that the transmitter will not interfere with any authorized radio communication. Obviously various other frequencies would be technically equally well suited.
  • the transmission power of 500 mW has by practical experiments proved sufficient, allthough different power ratings obviously could be used.
  • the generator is battery powered and e- quipped with a timer system so as to emit power during a predetermined period of time, e.g. five minutes, upon activation of the control button, whereafter the transmitter automatically turns off in order to conserve energy.
  • a receiver comprising a single pair of antennas 21 and 23 is shown in planar view in figure 2, respectively in section and placed upon a structural barrier in figure 3.
  • the antennas may, e.g., comprise two cy ⁇ lindrical ferrite rods arranged along a common axis and fitted with e- lectrical coiling 27 connected to a detector unit 28.
  • the receiver an ⁇ tennas are conveniently attached to a plate 25, and the receiver detec- tor 28 could obviously also be attached to the same plate 25.
  • the recei ⁇ ver antenna sensitivity characteristics together define a mid plane per ⁇ pendicular to the symmetry axis of their sensitivity characteristics and essentially located at the mid point between the receiver antennas.
  • the mid plane is indicated by a dashed line 34, and the plate 25 is conveniently provided with a hole 26 or some other physical mark ⁇ ing, such as notches 36 and 37 at the mid plane to make it possible, for instance with a pencil, to mark the line established directly onto the structural barrier surface 3.
  • the receiver detector 28 is equipped with a display 29, for in ⁇ stance a lamp, and the detector is further provided with a control but ⁇ ton 35, whereby the operation may be turned on and turned off.
  • the re ⁇ DCver could alternatively be constructed with all passive components, in which case no control button is necessary.
  • the signals from the two antennas 21 and 23 are summed in the de ⁇ tector 28 and subjected to suitable signal processing, such as amplifi ⁇ cation and filtering tuned to the transmitter frequency, and rectifica ⁇ tion, whereafter a net electric signal is obtained, which will here be called the detector signal.
  • suitable signal processing such as amplifi ⁇ cation and filtering tuned to the transmitter frequency, and rectifica ⁇ tion, whereafter a net electric signal is obtained, which will here be called the detector signal.
  • a simple power indication relat ⁇ ed to the signal received is provided, for instance by varying the lumi ⁇ nous power of the lamp related to the power of the detector signal.
  • detector signal presentation could be used, such as a meter (pointer instrument), a bar graph or an acoustic indication.
  • a transmitter is shown on the first side of the structural barrier, said transmitter emitting an axis symmetrical field passing through the structural barrier.
  • On the struc ⁇ tural barrier second side 3 are shown three receivers marked a, b, and c. This represents for practical purposes the same receiver, but located in three different positions.
  • the receiver When the receiver is at position a the two antenna coils will generate signals in a first common direction.
  • both antenna coils will provide signals in a direction opposite the direction of the signals at the point a.
  • the field is an oscillating alternating field
  • the receiver according to the invention since the receiver according to the invention has been provided with a simple power indication, it is by the net detector signal not possible to e- stablish any difference between the signals received at position a, re ⁇ spectively position c.
  • the two coils In position b, however, the two coils receive fields that are essentially similar, but oppositely directed, and since the receiver sums these signals, the net signal detected is zero.
  • Figure 6 shows a graph of the detector signal power plotted versus the receiver antenna position. It may be seen that the signal power, when the antenna from some remote point approaches the axis of the field emitted, slowly rises until a point rather close to the transmitter an- tenna axis, whereafter the detector signal power drops sharply to zero. If the receiver antenna is moved further in the same direction, the sig ⁇ nal power rises steeply on the opposite side of the transmitter antenna axis, whereafter it slowly decreases again. It can further be seen that the region, wherein the signal power drops to zero, is relatively nar- rowly defined. By moving the antenna in the direction along the axis of its sensitivity characteristics a clear and very accurate indication of the receiver antenna location, where the mid plane merges with the axis of the field transmitted, is thereby produced.
  • a line may be marked onto the structural barrier surface, which line will pass through the point sought after.
  • the receiver antenna is turned around an axis perpendicular to wall, and the process is repeated, whereafter a new line is established, which will also pass the point sought after, and which may also be marked onto the wall surface.
  • the point sought after is established, being the point of line intersec ⁇ tion.
  • the apparatus could be used in an alternative way since it is equally well possible to keep the receiver antenna on essentially the same position and turn it around an axis perpendicular to the barrier, until a line is established containing the point sought after. Hereafter the antenna is moved to a different position, and the process is repeated to establish a second line, whereby the problem has been solved.
  • the apparatus described is equally well suited for either of these ways of use.
  • FIG 4 another embodiment of the receiver according to the invention is shown.
  • the parts identical to those of the receiver of fi ⁇ gure 2 are here indicated by the same references.
  • the receiver of figure 4 comprises four receiver antennas 21, 22, 23, and 24. They are arranged in pairs, antenna 21 and antenna 23 forming a first pair with an axis called the x-axis, whereas the antennas 22 and 24 are located at a here- to perpendicular axis called the y-axis.
  • the coils around antenna 21 and 23 are here connected in series so as to produce a sum signal fed to the detector for the x-axis 30.
  • the coils of the antennas 22 and 24 are si ⁇ milarly connected in series to produce the sum signal to be fed to the detector for the y-axis 32.
  • the x-axis detector 30 has a display 31 in the form of a luminous emitting diode and a control button 36, whereas the y-axis detector 32 has a display 33 and a control button 37. It is obvious that each of the antenna pairs with each their associated detec ⁇ tor operates essentially exactly as described with reference to the re ⁇ ceiver of figure 2 so that further detailed description of their func- tion is not necessary.
  • the receiver of figure 4 it is possible very quickly to establish the point sought after, since the receiver, e.g., may be turned until one of the detector lamps turns out, thereby estab ⁇ lishing a direction or a line passing the point sought after.
  • the point sought after must be locat- ed along the direction of the y-axis, and the receiver antenna may thereafter be moved parallel to the y-axis, until also the y-display lamp turns out.
  • the receiver antenna is then located exactly at the point sought after, which may immediately be marked by a pencil through the hole 26 and the plate 25.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil, qui permet de placer des points des deux côtés d'un élément de construction ayant fonction de barrière, comprend un émetteur (10) qui émet des ondes électromagnétiques dans un champ symétrique par rapport à un axe, d'une façon telle que l'axe (9) de symétrie du champ pénètre dans l'élément de construction servant de barrière par un point d'origine (4) au niveau de la première surface de l'élément de construction et perpendiculairement à elle. Ledit appareil comprend également un récepteur de positionnement (20) comportant au moins deux antennes réceptrices (21, 23). L'émetteur est disposé temporairement en position fixe sur l'emplacement donné au niveau du point d'origine, puis est alimenté pendant qu'un opérateur déplace le récepteur en regardant une unité indicatrice (28) connectée aux antennes réceptrices et servant à montrer à quel moment l'antenne réceptrice se trouve exactement dans l'axe du champ émis. La présente invention définit également un procédé se rapportant à l'appareil décrit.
EP19880901815 1987-02-16 1988-02-15 Procede et appareil permettant de placer des points opposes des deux cotes d'un element plan tel qu'une construction servant de barriere Withdrawn EP0303653A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK776/87 1987-02-16
DK77687A DK77687A (da) 1987-02-16 1987-02-16 Fremgangsmaade og apparat til opmaerkning af over for hinanden beliggende punkter paa hver sin side af en plade saasom et bygningselement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0303653A1 true EP0303653A1 (fr) 1989-02-22

Family

ID=8097418

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880901815 Withdrawn EP0303653A1 (fr) 1987-02-16 1988-02-15 Procede et appareil permettant de placer des points opposes des deux cotes d'un element plan tel qu'une construction servant de barriere

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0303653A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1361688A (fr)
DK (1) DK77687A (fr)
WO (1) WO1988006298A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0794439B1 (fr) * 1996-03-08 2003-10-08 Bernd Sternal Méthode et dispositif de marquage de trous
GB0219316D0 (en) 2002-08-19 2002-09-25 Electronic Ltd Ab Locating non-visible objects
DE102004031627A1 (de) * 2004-06-30 2006-02-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur werkstoffdurchdringenden Ortung eines Messsignals

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1971189A (en) * 1933-02-01 1934-08-21 Gen Electric Magnetic detector
US2807780A (en) * 1956-02-10 1957-09-24 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Point aligner
DE1109281B (de) * 1958-09-26 1961-06-22 Intron Leipzig Werke Fuer Ind Einrichtung zum Syllokalisieren der beiden Wirkglieder von Vorrichtungen zum Punktschweissen, Bohren und Anreissen von metallischen Platten
US3704413A (en) * 1970-01-07 1972-11-28 Maurice E Blevins Method of translating the location of a predetermined position on one side of a substantially nonferrous structural barrier of a building to an opposite side of said barrier
SE417018B (sv) * 1979-12-20 1981-02-16 Bengt Wester Anordning for att i byggnader lokalisera den exakta placeringen av dolda objekt
DE3208383A1 (de) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-15 Schützeichel, Johannes, 5466 Neustadt Verfahren und einrichtung zur bestimmung der lage und des verlaufs von spanngliedern in spannbeton-bauwerken
US4464622A (en) * 1982-03-11 1984-08-07 Franklin Robert C Electronic wall stud sensor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8806298A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK77687D0 (da) 1987-02-16
WO1988006298A1 (fr) 1988-08-25
DK77687A (da) 1988-08-17
AU1361688A (en) 1988-09-14

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