EP0302660A1 - Fuel injector - Google Patents
Fuel injector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0302660A1 EP0302660A1 EP88306936A EP88306936A EP0302660A1 EP 0302660 A1 EP0302660 A1 EP 0302660A1 EP 88306936 A EP88306936 A EP 88306936A EP 88306936 A EP88306936 A EP 88306936A EP 0302660 A1 EP0302660 A1 EP 0302660A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- target
- fuel
- injector
- air stream
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
- F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M69/042—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit
- F02M69/044—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit for injecting into the intake conduit downstream of an air throttle valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
- F02M51/0639—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature acting as a valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/08—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle specially for low-pressure fuel-injection
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector of the type known as a pintle, plate or disc injector in which a pencil-shaped jet of fuel is urged on to a target or break-up disc and thereby atomised into droplets which are then fed into the air stream of an internal combustion engine.
- a fuel injector is exemplified by GB-A-2144178A.
- the invention is based on the realisation that by the disposition of the target, the level of hydrocarbon emissions from the associated engine is reduced.
- a fuel injector for use with an internal combustion engine, the injector including means for producing a pencil-shaped jet of liquid fuel, a target being located in the path of the jet and arranged to break up the jet into a spray of droplets for feeding into a stream of air characterised in that the target is disposed relative to the air stream such the air stream will remove droplets of fuel which would otherwise settle on the target.
- the target is disposed such that the air stream passes over the opposite sides of the target.
- the jet is arranged to impinge on a mesh surface of the target.
- the injector is mounted on a wall of an inlet manifold, and the target is disposed in the air stream inlet of the manifold.
- the target is joined to the outlet end of the injector body such that the air stream may pass over both sides of the target.
- a pipe extends from within the outlet end of the body and the target extends across the end wall of the pipe, the side wall of the pipe having through holes, the pipe extending in use into the air stream so that air may pass over the opposite faces of the target.
- the injector comprises a body having an inlet for the fuel and a fuel outlet orifice, valve means being located in the orifice for controlling the flow of fuel and a solenoid for controlling the valve means.
- the injector comprises a hollow generally cylindrical stepped multi-part body 1 formed from a magnetisable material, eg, iron and defining a fuel inlet 2 at one end, (the top as shown in Figures 1 and 3) and a fuel outlet 3 at the other end.
- a generally cylindrical flanged hollow core 4 formed from a magnetisable material extends coaxially within the body 1 and includes a passageway 5 which connects the inlet 2 with the outlet 3 of the body 1.
- a generally cylindrical former 6 made from a synthetic resin material coaxially surrounds the core 4 about the outlet end thereof. Solenoid windings 7 are wound about the former 6 and are connected to electrical connection pins 8.
- the body 1 Upstream of the outlet end 3 the body 1 defines an integral radially inwardly extending shoulder 9 against which a steel annulus is trapped by a steel valve seat member 11.
- the valve seat member 11 is in the form of a disc, the diameter of which is equal to the internal diameter of the body 1.
- the valve seat member 11 has a centrally disposed outlet orifice 12 which includes an entrance portion of truncated conical form and an exit portion of cylindrical form.
- a valve plate 14 is located within the steel annulus 10 between the valve seat member 11 and the opposing face of the core 4.
- the valve plate 14 is in the form of a disc made from a magnetizable material and having a plurality of apertures 15 which are arranged in a circular row about the central axis of the plate 14.
- the upper face of the valve seat member 11 is formed with an annular rib 16 to provide a valve seating.
- the diameter of the rib 16 is less than that of the circular row of apertures 15.
- a further rib 17 is disposed radially outwardly from the first rib 16.
- a compression spring 18 housed within the passageway 5 of the core 4 urges the valve plate 14 onto the valve seating rib 16.
- a spring adjustment plug 19 is arranged, e.g., by threading, to move up and down within the core 4 to vary the strength of the spring force.
- the bottom of the spring 18 is received within a recess 20 formed in the upper face of the valve plate 14.
- the internal diameter of the shoulder 9 is less than that of the annulus 10 and the lower face of the shoulder 9 therefore overlaps the outer peripheral region of the valve plate 14.
- the solenoid winding 7 is energised by electrical signals applied to the pin 8 from, e.g., an engine control unit (not shown)
- the valve plate 14 is attracted towards the lower face of the shoulder 9.
- the thickness of the valve plate 14 is less than the thickness of the annulus 10 by a predetermined amount to permit the valve plate 14 to move by said predetermined amount.
- the movement of the valve plate 14 is arrested by the shoulder 9 which contacts the valve plate 14 about the periphery thereof.
- the spring 18 returns the valve plate 14 to its closed condition in engagement with the valve seating rib 16.
- a non-magnetic spacer 13 is present between the lower face of the shoulder 9 and the valve plate 14 and annulus 10 to prevent contact between the valve plate 14 and the shoulder 9 and to improve the "drop off" characteristic of the valve.
- a target 22 comprising a thin disc of metal gauze extends across the end face of the pipe 21 so that in use it is coaxial with the jet of fuel from the orifice 12.
- the target 22 is mounted in an annular recess 23 in the side wall of the pipe 21.
- Four circular holes 24 are formed through the side wall of the pipe 21 adjacent the target 22 and the holes are separated by four spaced apart arms 25.
- the injector is mounted on an engine so that the free end of the pipe is located within the air stream leading to the combustion chambers of an engine.
- a pencil-like jet of fuel leaves the orifice 12 and hits the target 22.
- the impingement of the jet of fuel onto the target 22 causes the jet of fuel to be atomized for mixing with the air stream flowing through the inlet manifold of the associated engine and across opposing faces of the target 22.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A fuel injector of the type in which a pencil-shaped jet of fuel is directed onto a break-up disc or target (22) for atomization and mixing with the air stream inlet of an internal combustion engine, is arranged so that the air stream passes over opposing surfaces of the target (22). In this way any fuel which might have settled on the injector or the target (22) is carried away by the air stream, thereby reducing unwanted hydrocarbon emissions from the engine.
Description
- The invention relates to a fuel injector of the type known as a pintle, plate or disc injector in which a pencil-shaped jet of fuel is urged on to a target or break-up disc and thereby atomised into droplets which are then fed into the air stream of an internal combustion engine. Such a fuel injector is exemplified by GB-A-2144178A.
- The invention is based on the realisation that by the disposition of the target, the level of hydrocarbon emissions from the associated engine is reduced.
- According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a fuel injector for use with an internal combustion engine, the injector including means for producing a pencil-shaped jet of liquid fuel, a target being located in the path of the jet and arranged to break up the jet into a spray of droplets for feeding into a stream of air characterised in that the target is disposed relative to the air stream such the air stream will remove droplets of fuel which would otherwise settle on the target.
- Preferably, the target is disposed such that the air stream passes over the opposite sides of the target. In a preferred feature, the jet is arranged to impinge on a mesh surface of the target.
- Preferably the injector is mounted on a wall of an inlet manifold, and the target is disposed in the air stream inlet of the manifold. In such a case, the target is joined to the outlet end of the injector body such that the air stream may pass over both sides of the target. In one preferred construction a pipe extends from within the outlet end of the body and the target extends across the end wall of the pipe, the side wall of the pipe having through holes, the pipe extending in use into the air stream so that air may pass over the opposite faces of the target.
- Most preferably, the injector comprises a body having an inlet for the fuel and a fuel outlet orifice, valve means being located in the orifice for controlling the flow of fuel and a solenoid for controlling the valve means.
- In another aspect, the invention also provides a method of injecting an air fuel mixture into the inlet manifold of an internal combustion engine without causing the build up of deposits, the method comprising passing liquid fuel through an injector arranged to release a pencil jet of fuel on to a target arranged to break up the jet into a spray of droplets and feeding the droplets into an air stream characterised by disposing the target relative to the air stream such that the stream of air removes droplets of fuel which would otherwise settle on the target.
- In order that the invention may be well understood, it will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
- Figure 1 is a side view of an injector of the invention:
- Figure 2 is an end view of the injector of Figure 1:
- Figure 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view along line A - A of Figure 1; and
- Figure 4 is an enlarged view showing detail of part of Figure 3
- The injector comprises a hollow generally cylindrical stepped multi-part body 1 formed from a magnetisable material, eg, iron and defining a
fuel inlet 2 at one end, (the top as shown in Figures 1 and 3) and afuel outlet 3 at the other end. A generally cylindrical flangedhollow core 4 formed from a magnetisable material extends coaxially within the body 1 and includes apassageway 5 which connects theinlet 2 with theoutlet 3 of the body 1. A generally cylindrical former 6 made from a synthetic resin material coaxially surrounds thecore 4 about the outlet end thereof.Solenoid windings 7 are wound about the former 6 and are connected toelectrical connection pins 8. Upstream of theoutlet end 3 the body 1 defines an integral radially inwardly extendingshoulder 9 against which a steel annulus is trapped by a steel valve seat member 11. The valve seat member 11 is in the form of a disc, the diameter of which is equal to the internal diameter of the body 1. The valve seat member 11 has a centrally disposedoutlet orifice 12 which includes an entrance portion of truncated conical form and an exit portion of cylindrical form. - An annular space is present between the outlet end of the
core 4 and the radially adjacent face of theshoulder 9. Thecore 4 terminates short of the valve seat member 11 and the opposing face of thecore 4 is at a higher level than the lower face of theshoulder 9. - A
valve plate 14 is located within thesteel annulus 10 between the valve seat member 11 and the opposing face of thecore 4. Thevalve plate 14 is in the form of a disc made from a magnetizable material and having a plurality ofapertures 15 which are arranged in a circular row about the central axis of theplate 14. The upper face of the valve seat member 11 is formed with anannular rib 16 to provide a valve seating. The diameter of therib 16 is less than that of the circular row ofapertures 15. Afurther rib 17 is disposed radially outwardly from thefirst rib 16. Acompression spring 18 housed within thepassageway 5 of thecore 4 urges thevalve plate 14 onto thevalve seating rib 16. Aspring adjustment plug 19 is arranged, e.g., by threading, to move up and down within thecore 4 to vary the strength of the spring force. The bottom of thespring 18 is received within arecess 20 formed in the upper face of thevalve plate 14. - The internal diameter of the
shoulder 9 is less than that of theannulus 10 and the lower face of theshoulder 9 therefore overlaps the outer peripheral region of thevalve plate 14. When, therefore, the solenoid winding 7 is energised by electrical signals applied to thepin 8 from, e.g., an engine control unit (not shown), thevalve plate 14 is attracted towards the lower face of theshoulder 9. The thickness of thevalve plate 14 is less than the thickness of theannulus 10 by a predetermined amount to permit thevalve plate 14 to move by said predetermined amount. The movement of thevalve plate 14 is arrested by theshoulder 9 which contacts thevalve plate 14 about the periphery thereof. When theplate 14 is in this position fuel can flow from theinlet 2, through thepassageway 5 in thecore 4, across the upper face of thevalve plate 14, through theapertures 15 therein, over the top of theannular seating rib 16 and through the outlet orifice 12 into theoutlet 3 of the body 1. Because of the shape of theorifice 12, the spray pattern produced from theorifice 12 will be of pencil-like form, that is to say it will be in the form of a jet of fuel. - When the solenoid winding is de-energised the
spring 18 returns thevalve plate 14 to its closed condition in engagement with thevalve seating rib 16. As best shown in Figure 4, anon-magnetic spacer 13 is present between the lower face of theshoulder 9 and thevalve plate 14 andannulus 10 to prevent contact between thevalve plate 14 and theshoulder 9 and to improve the "drop off" characteristic of the valve. - A
cylindrical pipe 21 formed of, e.g., steel is retained at one end by welding or the like within theoutlet end 3 of the body 1 and at the other end projects in use, e.g., into the inlet manifold of an engine. - A
target 22 comprising a thin disc of metal gauze extends across the end face of thepipe 21 so that in use it is coaxial with the jet of fuel from theorifice 12. Thetarget 22 is mounted in anannular recess 23 in the side wall of thepipe 21. Fourcircular holes 24 are formed through the side wall of thepipe 21 adjacent thetarget 22 and the holes are separated by four spaced apartarms 25. - In use, the injector is mounted on an engine so that the free end of the pipe is located within the air stream leading to the combustion chambers of an engine. During the injection of fuel a pencil-like jet of fuel leaves the
orifice 12 and hits thetarget 22. The impingement of the jet of fuel onto thetarget 22 causes the jet of fuel to be atomized for mixing with the air stream flowing through the inlet manifold of the associated engine and across opposing faces of thetarget 22. - When a vehicle associated with the engine is accelerating a high rate of fuel flow will take place, but when the vehicle is deccelerating or idling and the flow rate of air and fuel is reduced, there is a risk that droplets of fuel will settle upon the
target 22 or an adjacent part of the injector or manifold. These dro!plets of fuel may later pass into the engine and be incompletely burned thereby causing hydrocarbon emissions. This effect is reduced because of theholes 24 in thepipe 21 and the disposition of both faces of thetarget 22 in the air stream whereby any fuel droplets settling on the target or any adjacent part of the injector will be swept away by the air stream. As a result, the level of hydrocarbon emissions from the engine falls and pollution is reduced. Further more, theholes 24 ensure the air flow through the manifold is not significantly reduced by the presence of thepipe 21 so that power output of the engine is not significantly reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel injector for use with an internal combustion engine, the injector including means for producing a pencil shaped jet of liquid fuel, a target (22) being located in the path of the jet and arranged to break up the jet into a spray of droplets for feeding into a stream of air characterised in that the target (22) is disposed relative to the air stream such that the air stream will remove droplets of fuel which would otherwise settle on the target (22).
2. An injector according to Claim 1, characterised in that the target (23) is disposed such that the air stream passes over opposite sides of the target (22).
3. An injector according to Claim 1 or 2 characterised in that the target (22) is a disc of metal mesh.
4. An injector according to any preceding Claim, characterised in that the injector is mounted on a wall of an inlet manifold of an internal combustion engine and the target (22) is disposed in the air stream within the interior of the inlet manifold.
5. An injector according to Claim 4, characterised in that the injector comprises a body (1) having an inlet (2) for the fuel and a fuel outlet orifice (12) and a valve (14) controlled under the action of a solenoid (7) and arranged to produce a pencil shaped jet of fuel.
6. An injector according to Claim 5 characterised in that the target (22) is located at the free end of a pipe (21) retained within the outlet end (3) of the body (1) and the pipe (21) has through holes (24) formed through the side wall thereof whereby air can pass over opposing surfaces of the target (22).
7. A method of injecting an air fuel mixture into the inlet manifold of an internal combustion engine without causing the build up of deposits the method comprising passing liquid fuel through an injector arranged to release a pencil jet of fuel on to a target (22) arranged to break up the jet into a spray of droplets and feeding the droplets into an air stream characterised by disposing the target (22) relative to the air stream such that the stream of air removes droplets which would otherwise settle on the target (22).
8. A method according to Claim 7, characterised in that the target (22) comprises a plate located edge-on to the air stream so that the air prevents droplets from settling on opposite sides thereof.
9. A method according to Claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the target (22) comprises a disc of metal mesh.
10. A method according to any of Claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the flow of liquid fuel through the injector is regulated by solenoid controlled valve means (7, 14, 11).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8718391 | 1987-08-04 | ||
GB878718391A GB8718391D0 (en) | 1987-08-04 | 1987-08-04 | Fuel injector |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0302660A1 true EP0302660A1 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
Family
ID=10621773
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88306936A Withdrawn EP0302660A1 (en) | 1987-08-04 | 1988-07-27 | Fuel injector |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0302660A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6456961A (en) |
GB (1) | GB8718391D0 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4108279A1 (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1991-09-19 | Aisan Ind | INJECTION NOZZLE DEVICE WITH A SUPPORT AIR CHANNEL FOR SPRAYING FUEL |
WO1995017595A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Venturi filter and fuel injection valve with a venturi filter |
EP0704620A2 (en) | 1994-10-01 | 1996-04-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection apparatus |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3656464A (en) * | 1970-03-30 | 1972-04-18 | Fuel Injection Eng Co | Fuel injection nozzle and system |
DE2843534A1 (en) * | 1977-10-06 | 1979-04-19 | Aisan Ind | IC engine fuel injection valve outlet channel - contains fuel heating element of ceramic semiconductor material in insulated housing |
GB2017208A (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-10-03 | Nissan Motor | Supply system for multi-cylinder engine equipped with fuelinjector |
GB2144178A (en) * | 1983-07-28 | 1985-02-27 | Lucas Ind Plc | I.C. engine fuel injector |
EP0219746A1 (en) * | 1985-10-04 | 1987-04-29 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel injection supply system |
-
1987
- 1987-08-04 GB GB878718391A patent/GB8718391D0/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-07-27 EP EP88306936A patent/EP0302660A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-08-03 JP JP63194318A patent/JPS6456961A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3656464A (en) * | 1970-03-30 | 1972-04-18 | Fuel Injection Eng Co | Fuel injection nozzle and system |
DE2843534A1 (en) * | 1977-10-06 | 1979-04-19 | Aisan Ind | IC engine fuel injection valve outlet channel - contains fuel heating element of ceramic semiconductor material in insulated housing |
GB2017208A (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1979-10-03 | Nissan Motor | Supply system for multi-cylinder engine equipped with fuelinjector |
GB2144178A (en) * | 1983-07-28 | 1985-02-27 | Lucas Ind Plc | I.C. engine fuel injector |
EP0219746A1 (en) * | 1985-10-04 | 1987-04-29 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel injection supply system |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4108279A1 (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1991-09-19 | Aisan Ind | INJECTION NOZZLE DEVICE WITH A SUPPORT AIR CHANNEL FOR SPRAYING FUEL |
WO1995017595A1 (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Venturi filter and fuel injection valve with a venturi filter |
US5707012A (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1998-01-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Atomizing sieve and fuel injection valve having an atomizing sieve |
CN1050649C (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 2000-03-22 | 罗伯特·博施有限公司 | Venturi filter and fuel injection valve with a venturi filter |
EP0704620A2 (en) | 1994-10-01 | 1996-04-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection apparatus |
US5662277A (en) * | 1994-10-01 | 1997-09-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6456961A (en) | 1989-03-03 |
GB8718391D0 (en) | 1987-09-09 |
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