EP0300962B1 - Filler material for welding high strength aluminium alloys - Google Patents

Filler material for welding high strength aluminium alloys Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0300962B1
EP0300962B1 EP88810443A EP88810443A EP0300962B1 EP 0300962 B1 EP0300962 B1 EP 0300962B1 EP 88810443 A EP88810443 A EP 88810443A EP 88810443 A EP88810443 A EP 88810443A EP 0300962 B1 EP0300962 B1 EP 0300962B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filler material
maximum
max
welding
welding filler
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88810443A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0300962A1 (en
Inventor
Pius Schwellinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3A Composites International AG
Original Assignee
Alusuisse Lonza Services Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alusuisse Lonza Services Ltd filed Critical Alusuisse Lonza Services Ltd
Publication of EP0300962A1 publication Critical patent/EP0300962A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0300962B1 publication Critical patent/EP0300962B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
    • B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/12764—Next to Al-base component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a welding filler material for fusion welding high-strength aluminum alloys, in particular alloys of the AlZnMgCu type.
  • Welded components made from high-strength aluminum alloys are subject to high demands with regard to mechanical strength.
  • the composition of the welding filler material is a determining factor.
  • the welding wire materials used up to now tend to crack in the weld metal, on the other hand they also cause cracks in the base material directly adjacent to the weld seam due to their relatively high melting point and the associated high heat input. Both types of cracks deteriorate the properties of the welded joint to such an extent that they cannot be used in loaded welded structures.
  • the inventor has set himself the target of a high-strength aluminum alloy for fusion welding to provide a suitable welding filler with which the tendency to crack in the area of the weld seam can be suppressed.
  • the welding filler material according to the invention is usually used in the form of wire and is suitable for all types of fusion welding processes.
  • Sheets of 8 mm thickness made of an aluminum alloy with 5.6% zinc, 2.6% magnesium, 1.6% copper, 0.16% manganese, 0.18% chromium, 0.01% titanium, 0.20% iron and 0.06% silicon were welded using the TIG plasma tap hole welding process a welding wire with the composition 5.2% zinc, 4.8% magnesium, 0.55% copper, 0.40% manganese, 0.10% titanium, 0.10% chromium, 0.04% silicon, less than 0.10% iron and aluminum as the rest.
  • the welded sheets were divided and the individual welding samples were subjected to different aging conditions. The subsequent fracture test never resulted in a fracture at the weld seam boundary or in the weld metal, but consistently showed a displacement of the fracture position in the area of the base metal.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schweisszusatzwerkstoff zum Schmelzschweissen von hochfesten Aluminiumlegierungen, insbesondere Legierungen vom Typ AlZnMgCu.The invention relates to a welding filler material for fusion welding high-strength aluminum alloys, in particular alloys of the AlZnMgCu type.

An geschweisste Bauteile aus hochfesten Aluminiumlegierungen werden hohe Anforderungen bezüglich mechanischer Festigkeit gestellt. Neben einer qualitativ guten Schweissung ist die Zusammensetzung des Schweisszusatzwerkstoffes ein mitbestimmender Faktor. Einerseits neigen die bisher verwendeten Schweissdrahtmaterialien zu Warmrissen im Schweissgut, andererseits verursachen sie aber auch durch ihren verhältnismässig hohen Schmelzpunkt und der damit einhergehenden grossen Wärmeeinbringung Risse im unmittelbar an die Schweissnaht angrenzenden Grundmaterial. Beide Rissarten verschlechtern die Eigenschaften der Schweissverbindung dermassen, dass eine Verwendung bei belasteten Schweisskonstruktionen nicht in Frage kommt.Welded components made from high-strength aluminum alloys are subject to high demands with regard to mechanical strength. In addition to good quality welding, the composition of the welding filler material is a determining factor. On the one hand, the welding wire materials used up to now tend to crack in the weld metal, on the other hand they also cause cracks in the base material directly adjacent to the weld seam due to their relatively high melting point and the associated high heat input. Both types of cracks deteriorate the properties of the welded joint to such an extent that they cannot be used in loaded welded structures.

Aus der DE-PS 2736484 ist ein Schweisszusatzwerkstoff aus im wesentlichen

1-4%
Zink,
2-5%
Magnesium
0.2-0.5%
Kupfer
0.3-0.5%
Mangan


sowie Aluminium als Rest bekannt.From DE-PS 2736484 a welding filler is essentially made of
1-4%
Zinc,
2-5%
magnesium
0.2-0.5%
copper
0.3-0.5%
manganese


as well as aluminum known as the rest.

Mit der Verwendung dieses Werkstoffs zum Schmelzschweissen von hochfesten Aluminiumlegierungen kann jedoch die Bildung von Rissen in der Schweissnahtzone nicht verhindert werden.With the use of this material for fusion welding of high-strength aluminum alloys, however, the formation of cracks in the weld seam zone cannot be prevented.

Angesichts dieser Gegebenheiten hat sich der Erfinder das Ziel gesetzt, einen zum Schmelzschweissen hochfester Aluminiumlegierungen geeigneten Schweisszusatzwerkstoff bereitzustellen, mit welchem die Rissneigung im Bereich der Schweissnaht unterdrückt werden kann.In view of these circumstances, the inventor has set himself the target of a high-strength aluminum alloy for fusion welding to provide a suitable welding filler with which the tendency to crack in the area of the weld seam can be suppressed.

Erfindungsgemäss wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch einen Schweisszusatzwerkstoff folgender Zusammensetzung:

4.8-6.5%
Zink,
4.0-6.0%
Magnesium,
0.3-0.6%
Kupfer,
0.3-0.5%
Mangan,
max. 0.1%
Titan,
max. 0.3%
Chrom,
max. 0.3%
Zirkon,
max. 0.1%
Silicium,
max. 0.3%
Eisen,


sowie als Rest Aluminium handelsüblicher Reinheit.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a welding filler material of the following composition:
4.8-6.5%
Zinc,
4.0-6.0%
Magnesium,
0.3-0.6%
Copper,
0.3-0.5%
Manganese,
Max. 0.1%
Titanium,
Max. 0.3%
Chrome,
Max. 0.3%
Zircon,
Max. 0.1%
Silicon,
Max. 0.3%
Iron,


as well as the rest of aluminum of commercial purity.

Für die einzelnen Elemente haben sich die nachfolgenden Gehaltsbereiche als bevorzugt herausgestellt:

4.8-5.3%
Zink,
4.3-5.3%
Magnesium,
0.45-0.55%
Kupfer,
0.35-0.45%
Mangan,
max. 0.15%
Chrom,
max. 0.15%
Zirkon,
max. 0.10%
Eisen.

The following salary ranges have been found to be preferred for the individual elements:
4.8-5.3%
Zinc,
4.3-5.3%
Magnesium,
0.45-0.55%
Copper,
0.35-0.45%
Manganese,
Max. 0.15%
Chrome,
Max. 0.15%
Zircon,
Max. 0.10%
Iron.

Eine als Schweisszusatzwerkstoff zum Schmelzschweissen von AlZnMgCu-Legierungen besonders geeignete Legierung weist die folgende Zusammensetzung auf:

4.9-5.3%
Zink,
4.5-5.1%
Magnesium,
0.45-0.55%
Kupfer,
0.35-0.45%
Mangan,
max. 0.10%
Titan,
max. 0.15%
Chrom,
max. 0.15%
Zirkon,
max. 0.10%
Silicium,
max. 0.10%
Eisen,

An alloy which is particularly suitable as a filler metal for fusion welding AlZnMgCu alloys has the following composition:
4.9-5.3%
Zinc,
4.5-5.1%
Magnesium,
0.45-0.55%
Copper,
0.35-0.45%
Manganese,
Max. 0.10%
Titanium,
Max. 0.15%
Chrome,
Max. 0.15%
Zircon,
Max. 0.10%
Silicon,
Max. 0.10%
Iron,

Rest Aluminium handelsüblicher Reinheit.Rest of aluminum of commercial purity.

Alle Gehaltsangaben betreffend die Zusammensetzung des Schweisszusatzwerkstoffs beziehen sich auf Gewichts-Prozente.All salary information regarding the composition of the welding filler material is based on weight percentages.

Der erfindungsgemässe Schweisszusatzwerkstoff wird üblicherweise in Form von Draht verwendet und eignet sich für alle Arten von Schmelzschweissverfahren.The welding filler material according to the invention is usually used in the form of wire and is suitable for all types of fusion welding processes.

Die Vorteilhaftigkeit des erfindungsgemässen Schweisszusatzwerkstoffs wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles gezeigt.The advantage of the welding filler material according to the invention is shown below using an exemplary embodiment.

Beispielexample

Bleche von 8 mm Dicke aus einer Aluminiumlegierung mit 5.6% Zink, 2.6% Magnesium, 1.6% Kupfer, 0.16% Mangan, 0.18% Chrom, 0.01% Titan, 0.20% Eisen, sowie 0.06% Silicium wurden nach dem TIG-Plasma-Stichlochschweissverfahren mittels eines Schweissdrahtes der Zusammensetzung 5.2% Zink, 4.8% Magnesium, 0.55% Kupfer, 0.40% Mangan, 0.10% Titan, 0.10% Chrom, 0.04% Silicium, weniger als 0.10% Eisen, sowie Aluminium als Rest, verschweisst. Die verschweissten Bleche wurden aufgeteilt und die einzelnen Schweissproben unterschiedlichen Auslagerungsbedingungen unterworfen. Die anschliessende Bruchprüfung führte in keinem Fall zu einem Bruch an der Schweissnahtgrenze oder im Schweissgut, sondern ergab durchwegs eine Verschiebung der Bruchlage in den Bereich des Grundmetalls.Sheets of 8 mm thickness made of an aluminum alloy with 5.6% zinc, 2.6% magnesium, 1.6% copper, 0.16% manganese, 0.18% chromium, 0.01% titanium, 0.20% iron and 0.06% silicon were welded using the TIG plasma tap hole welding process a welding wire with the composition 5.2% zinc, 4.8% magnesium, 0.55% copper, 0.40% manganese, 0.10% titanium, 0.10% chromium, 0.04% silicon, less than 0.10% iron and aluminum as the rest. The welded sheets were divided and the individual welding samples were subjected to different aging conditions. The subsequent fracture test never resulted in a fracture at the weld seam boundary or in the weld metal, but consistently showed a displacement of the fracture position in the area of the base metal.

Metallographische Untersuchungen der Schweissverbindungen haben bestätigt, dass mit dem erfindungsgemässen Schweisszusatzwerkstoff die Bildung von Rissen im Bereich der Schweissnaht verhindert werden kann.Metallographic investigations of the weld connections have confirmed that the formation of cracks in the area of the weld seam can be prevented with the welding filler material according to the invention.

Claims (9)

1. Welding filler material for fusion welding high-strength aluminium alloys, in particular alloys of the type AlZnMgCu, characterised in that it contains
4.8-6.5%   of zinc,
4.0-6.0%   of magnesium,
0.3-0.6%   of copper,
0.3-0.5%   of manganese,
maximum 0.1%   of titanium,
maximum 0.3%   of chromium,
maximum 0.3%   of zirconium,
maximum 0.1%   of silicon,
maximum 0.3%   of iron


and the remainder is aluminium of commercially available purity.
2. Welding filler material according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains 4.8-5.3% of zinc.
3. Welding filler material according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains 4.3-5.3% of magnesium.
4. Welding filler material according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains 0.45-0.55% of copper.
5. Welding filler material according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains 0.35-0.45% of manganese.
6. Welding filler material according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains a maximum 0.15% of chromium.
7. Welding filler material according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains a maximum 0.15% of zirconium.
8. Welding filler material according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains a maximum 0.10% of iron.
9. Welding filler material according to claim 1, characterised in that it contains
4.9-5.3%   of zinc,
4.5-5.1%   of magnesium,
0.45-0.55%   of copper,
0.35-0.45%   of manganese,
maximum 0.10%   of titanium,
maximum 0.15%   of chromium,
maximum 0.15%   of zirconium,
maximum 0.10%   of silicon,
maximum 0.10%   of iron


and the remainder is aluminium of commercially available purity.
EP88810443A 1987-07-23 1988-06-27 Filler material for welding high strength aluminium alloys Expired - Lifetime EP0300962B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH280787 1987-07-23
CH2807/87 1987-07-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0300962A1 EP0300962A1 (en) 1989-01-25
EP0300962B1 true EP0300962B1 (en) 1991-12-18

Family

ID=4242035

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88810443A Expired - Lifetime EP0300962B1 (en) 1987-07-23 1988-06-27 Filler material for welding high strength aluminium alloys

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4859544A (en)
EP (1) EP0300962B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3866989D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5599467A (en) * 1993-11-19 1997-02-04 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Aluminum weldment and method of welding aluminum workpieces
US6579386B1 (en) 1999-03-15 2003-06-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Filler wire for aluminum alloys and method of welding
US6840434B2 (en) 2002-04-09 2005-01-11 Ford Motor Company Tin-and zinc-based solder fillers for aluminum body parts and methods of applying the same
CN102699564B (en) * 2012-04-27 2015-04-22 浙江宇光铝材有限公司 High-performance aluminum alloy automatic welding wire
CN103273214B (en) * 2013-05-17 2015-12-23 航天材料及工艺研究所 A kind of high-strength aluminium zinc-magnesium scandium alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof
US10888955B2 (en) * 2017-02-28 2021-01-12 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Avoiding hot cracks during laser welding of a workpiece stack-up assembly of aluminum alloy workpieces

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2245167A (en) * 1939-08-23 1941-06-10 Aluminum Co Of America Wrought aluminum base alloy and method of producing it
US3332773A (en) * 1965-05-12 1967-07-25 Aluminum Co Of America Welding aluminum
DE2234111C2 (en) * 1972-07-12 1983-09-01 Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke Ag, 5300 Bonn Use of an aluminum filler metal
CH631099A5 (en) * 1977-06-29 1982-07-30 Alusuisse WELDING ADDITIVE FOR FUSEL WELDING ALUMINUM ALLOYS.
JPS61266548A (en) * 1985-05-21 1986-11-26 Furukawa Alum Co Ltd Aluminum alloy for substrate of magnetic disc

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0300962A1 (en) 1989-01-25
DE3866989D1 (en) 1992-01-30
US4859544A (en) 1989-08-22

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