EP0300697A2 - Interrupteurs électriques - Google Patents

Interrupteurs électriques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0300697A2
EP0300697A2 EP88306494A EP88306494A EP0300697A2 EP 0300697 A2 EP0300697 A2 EP 0300697A2 EP 88306494 A EP88306494 A EP 88306494A EP 88306494 A EP88306494 A EP 88306494A EP 0300697 A2 EP0300697 A2 EP 0300697A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
contact
electric switch
arm
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88306494A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0300697A3 (fr
Inventor
Brain John Mason
Jeffery Maskery
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co PLC
Original Assignee
General Electric Co PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co PLC filed Critical General Electric Co PLC
Publication of EP0300697A2 publication Critical patent/EP0300697A2/fr
Publication of EP0300697A3 publication Critical patent/EP0300697A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2209—Polarised relays with rectilinearly movable armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electric switches.
  • the invention relates to electric switches of the kind comprising mechanical contacts and an electromagnetic actuator arranged to operate the contacts.
  • an electric switch comprises: a frame structure; a fixed contact rigidly located with respect to the frame structure; a moveable contact arm mounted for movement about one end and carrying at a first location along its length a contact arranged to engage and disengage said fixed contact on movement of said contact arm; and electromagnetic actuator means including an armature which moves between first and second positions in operation of the actuator means; the armature having a surface which is spaced from said contact arm when the armature is in its first position, thereby allowing the contact arm to take up a position in which said fixed and moveable contacts are engaged, which surface engages said contact arm at a second location on said arm only after said armature has passed an intermediate point along its path of travel from said first position to said second position, thereby to cause said contact arm to take up a pivotal position in which said fixed and moveable contacts are disengaged; said second location being further from said one end of said contact arm than said first location.
  • said moveable contact arm comprises a substantially rigid member pivotally mounted at said one end to said frame structure.
  • said actuator means incorporates permanent magnet means which serves to latch said armature in one of its positions, preferably its second position.
  • said actuator means further includes an electromagnet arranged for energisation selectively either to assist or oppose the attractive force exerted by said permanent magnet means on said armature.
  • Said actuator means suitably also includes armature resilient means which urges the armature towards one of its positions.
  • the actuator means includes permanent magnet means which serves to latch the armature in one of its positions said resilient means preferably urges said armature towards its position in which it is not latched.
  • the switch means also includes contact resilient means which serves to provide a positive contact pressure between said contacts when engaged.
  • said actuator means includes permanent magnet means which serves to latch said armature in one of its positions
  • said contact resilient means preferably acts on said contact arm in such a direction as to tend to cause pivotal movement of said contact arm in the opposite direction to the direction of pivotal movement of said arm caused by movement of the armature to said one position from its other position.
  • the switch comprises an electromagnetic actuator 1 which operates a switch contact unit 3.
  • the unit 3 which operates as a single pole two-way switch, comprises first and second fixed contacts 5 and 7 rigidly located with respect to respective parts 9 and 11 of the frame structure of the switch, e.g. parts of the casing of the switch, the contact 7 being spring loaded by means of a spring 13.
  • the unit 3 further includes a rigid moveable contact arm 15 which at one end is pivoted to a part (not shown) of the switch frame structure by means of a pin 17.
  • the arm 15 carries two moveable contacts 19 and 21 disposed on opposite sides of the arm 15, the arrangement being such that on clockwise rotation of the arm 15 on pin 17 the contact 21 engages fixed contact 7, and on anticlockwise rotation of the arm 15 the contact 19 engages fixed contact 5.
  • a spring 23 acts on the arm 15 so as to tend to urge the contact 19 into engagement with the contact 5.
  • the arm 15 serves as a common electrical connection between contacts 19 and 21 and a first flexible lead 25 of the switch, the fixed contacts 5 and 7 being respectively provided with further leads 27 and 29.
  • the actuator 1 comprises a solenoid 31 comprising a two-winding coil 33 wound on a former 35 carried on a cylindrical pole piece 37, the pole piece 37 stopping short of one end of the former 35.
  • the two windings each have one end connected to a common lead B and the other ends of the two windings are respectively connected to two leads A and C.
  • the solenoid 31 Adjacent one end of the solenoid 31 there are disposed two rectangular permanent magnets 39.
  • the magnets 39 are arranged so that their inner surfaces define a cylindrical space coaxial with the solenoid pole piece 37, and each magnet 37 is magnetised to provide a north pole at its inner surface and a south pole at its outer surface.
  • the solenoid 31 and magnets are enclosed within a steel frame 41, secured to the switch frame structure and are retained within the frame 41 by a non-magnetic closure member 43 and a tubular extension 35′ of the coil former which extends axially through the cylindrical space defined by the magnets 39.
  • the actuator 1 further includes an armature comprising a cylindrical steel plunger 45, part of which slides axially in the extension 35′ of the coil former, and a member 47 of insulating material secured to the end of the plunger 45 that projects beyond the magnets 39.
  • the member 47 has a flange portion 49 at its end adjacent the plunger 45 against which bears one end of a compression spring 51 positioned around the plunger 45 between the flange portion 49 and the closure member 43.
  • a compression spring 51 positioned around the plunger 45 between the flange portion 49 and the closure member 43.
  • the member 47 On the side of the flange portion 49 remote from the plunger 45 the member 47 has a rod portion 53 which is coaxial with the plunger 45.
  • the rod portion 53 extends through a slot 55 formed in the arm 15 and on the side of the arm 15 remote from the solenoid 31 has two projections 57 and 59 extending in opposite directions from the rod portion 53.
  • One projection 57 has a lobe 61 arranged to engage the end of the arm 15 remote from the pivot pin 17 as further described below, and at its free end extends through a slot 63 formed through a part 65 of the switch casing, thereby to prevent rotary motion of the plunger 45 and the member 47.
  • the other projection 59 is arranged to engage a stop member, shown in the drawing as being constituted by the part 9 of the switch casing to which the fixed contact 5 is secured.
  • a knob 67 At the end of the rod portion 53 of the member 47 remote from the plunger 45 there is a knob 67 which facilitates manual operation of the switch.
  • the switch is operated by energising one or other of the windings of the solenoid coil 33 by applying a voltage to one or other of the leads 1 and C, the lead B being connected to ground.
  • the armature 45, 47 is pulled axially into the solenoid coil 33 into contact with the pole piece 37.
  • the lobe 61 on the projection 57 of the member 47 strikes the contact arm 15 with sufficient force to ensure that the contacts 5 and 19 are disengaged despite any welding together of the contacts 5 and 19 which may have occurred, the rigid fixing of the contact 5 assisting in this.
  • the plunger 45 travels fully home into the solenoid coil 33 causing contacts 7 and 21 to engage with a contact pressure determined by the spring 13.
  • the other winding of the solenoid coil 33 is energised so creating a magnetic field in the solenoid magnetic circuit which opposes the field of the magnets 39.
  • the plunger magnetic holding force becomes less than the combined force exerted by springs 13, 23 and 51 and the armature 45, 47 more particularly the plunger 45 moves axially away from the pole piece 37.
  • the contact arm 15 moves with the armature 45, 47, more particularly the member 47, firstly under the action of springs 13 and 23 together and after contacts 7 and 21 disengage under the action of spring 23 alone, until contacts 5 and 19 engage.
  • armature 45, 47 continues to move axially under the action of spring 51 alone until the projection 59 on member 47 engages stop member 9, thereby establishing a gap between lobe 61 and contact arm 15.
  • the energisation of the solenoid 31 may be removed as soon as a gap appears between plunger 45 and pole piece 37 and the force exerted by the magnets 39 on the plunger 45 is insufficient to overcome the force exerted by springs 13, 23 and 51.
  • the force available to break any welds between contacts 5 and 19 for a given momentum of the armature 45, 47 is optimised.
  • the gap between lobe 61 and contact arm 15 when the switch is in its first condition can be made relatively large allowing greatly build up of momentum before the lobe 61 contacts arm 15.
  • the moveable contact arm 15 is a rigid member pivoted to the casing
  • the moveable contact arm may be an at least partly resilient member secured at one end to the casing, thus doing away with the requirement for the spring 23.
  • it is desirable for the part of the moveable contact arm between the moveable contact 19 and the point contacted by the lobe 61 to be substantially rigid to facilitate disengagement of contacts 5 and 19 despite welding.
  • switches in accordance with the invention may have a single contact pair only or more than two contact pairs.
  • contacts subject to possible welding are disengaged when the armature of the actuator is attracted by, rather than released by, the actuator electromagnet, this is not necessarily the case in a switch according to the invention.
  • some assistance in overcoming possible welding of contacts 7 and 21 may be obtained by arranging for member 47 to strike arm 15 on its top side shortly after the armature 45, 47 is released by the solenoid 31.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)
EP19880306494 1987-07-20 1988-07-15 Interrupteurs électriques Withdrawn EP0300697A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB878717083A GB8717083D0 (en) 1987-07-20 1987-07-20 Electric switches
GB8717083 1987-07-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0300697A2 true EP0300697A2 (fr) 1989-01-25
EP0300697A3 EP0300697A3 (fr) 1990-09-05

Family

ID=10620965

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880306494 Withdrawn EP0300697A3 (fr) 1987-07-20 1988-07-15 Interrupteurs électriques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0300697A3 (fr)
GB (2) GB8717083D0 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4128589C1 (fr) * 1991-08-28 1993-02-11 Peter 8152 Feldkirchen-Westerham De Ludwig
DE29802348U1 (de) * 1998-02-11 1998-04-23 Siemens AG, 80333 München Elektromagnetischer Stromauslöser für einen elektrischen Schutzschalter
WO2006005817A1 (fr) * 2004-06-15 2006-01-19 Daniel Lucas Coupe-circuit comportant un actionneur bistable et dispositif de securite equipe dudit coupe-circuit

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2939237B1 (fr) 2008-11-28 2011-02-11 Alstom Transport Sa Dispositif de sectionnement d'un circuit electrique et coffret de distribution d'energie electrique comprenant un tel dispositif de sectionnement.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB590117A (en) * 1944-04-25 1947-07-09 Elco Ltd Time switch
GB734612A (en) * 1952-02-28 1955-08-03 Allied Control Co Electromagnetic relay
GB968562A (en) * 1961-04-28 1964-09-02 Siemens Ag Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic relays
GB1154558A (en) * 1965-08-13 1969-06-11 Avo Appbau Vogt Ag Apparatus for Zero Indexing of a Number Wheel on a Calculator.
FR2360169A1 (fr) * 1976-07-27 1978-02-24 Siemens Ag Relais electromagnetique miniature

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE466731A (fr) * 1943-02-26
GB613464A (en) * 1946-04-02 1948-11-29 Cav Ltd Improvements relating to automatic electromagnetic cut-outs for dynamo-battery circuits
DE2218494B1 (de) * 1972-04-17 1973-10-11 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin U. 8000 Muenchen Elektromagnetisches Relais

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB590117A (en) * 1944-04-25 1947-07-09 Elco Ltd Time switch
GB734612A (en) * 1952-02-28 1955-08-03 Allied Control Co Electromagnetic relay
GB968562A (en) * 1961-04-28 1964-09-02 Siemens Ag Improvements in or relating to electromagnetic relays
GB1154558A (en) * 1965-08-13 1969-06-11 Avo Appbau Vogt Ag Apparatus for Zero Indexing of a Number Wheel on a Calculator.
FR2360169A1 (fr) * 1976-07-27 1978-02-24 Siemens Ag Relais electromagnetique miniature

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4128589C1 (fr) * 1991-08-28 1993-02-11 Peter 8152 Feldkirchen-Westerham De Ludwig
DE29802348U1 (de) * 1998-02-11 1998-04-23 Siemens AG, 80333 München Elektromagnetischer Stromauslöser für einen elektrischen Schutzschalter
WO2006005817A1 (fr) * 2004-06-15 2006-01-19 Daniel Lucas Coupe-circuit comportant un actionneur bistable et dispositif de securite equipe dudit coupe-circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8717083D0 (en) 1987-08-26
GB8816839D0 (en) 1988-08-17
EP0300697A3 (fr) 1990-09-05
GB2207810A (en) 1989-02-08

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