EP0299378B1

EP0299378B1 - Tractor and ground working implement

Info

Publication number: EP0299378B1
Application number: EP88110920A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Nicholas Hamm
Original assignee: Deere and Co
Current assignee: Deere and Co
Priority date: 1987-07-15
Filing date: 1988-07-08
Publication date: 1990-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2008-07-08
Also published as: US4793764A; AU7365091A; DE3861221D1; EP0299378A1; ES2019125B3; CA1295286C; ATE58935T1; ZA885135B; ATE57552T1; EP0299377B1; ES2018871B3; DE3860820D1; JPS6433323A; AU1872788A; AU607234B2; EP0299377A1; ZA885136B

Abstract

A loader (20) has a mast (26) which has, on either side, a mast post (28) and a mast arm (40) which extends forwardly therefrom. The posts (28) and arms (40) are releasably attachable to the front end of a tractor (10). The mast posts (28) for their attachment are each provided with a channel (82) at their lower ends which is received on a mounting tube (62) on the tractor (10) enabling the post (28) to swing on the tube (62) to an upright position. In so doing, a block (94) on the post (28) is brought into engagement with a wedge (74) to hold the post (28) in position. The mast arms (40) for their attachment each have an upwardly opening hook (102) which engages a bar (106) on the tractor (10). Furthermore, a U-shaped parking stand (50) is pivotally mounted on the mast arms (40) and the side legs (110) of the stand (50) also have hooks (116). The stand (50) can be swung about the mast arms (40) to engage the bars (106) at the hooks (116) which open downwardly in their bar-engaging position and thus act to latch the mast arms (40) in their attached position on the tractor (10).

Description

The present invention relates to a tractor and ground working implement having an implement-supporting mast which has on either side a mast post which is upright when in its operative position and a mast arm extending forwardly therefrom, the posts and arms being releasably attachable to the front end of the tractor and the lower end of each mast post having a mounting portion engageable with a mounting portion on the tractor which portions have a channel member and beam receivable therein for the said engagement.
To improve the versatility of tractors, implements such as front end loaders must be easily and quickly removable and installable on the tractor. At present there are numerous systems and methods used to remove and install a loader with respect to a tractor. However, the systems and methods are not always easily understood by their would-be operators nor are they reliable. Many utilize parking stands which are removed and stored in another location when the loader is mounted on the tractor. Although some stands are available which remain with the loader, these can be cumbersome when the loader is mounted and may not provide optimum parking position for the loader. Also for optimum operation, the loader must be rigidly mounted on the tractor. Although numerous systems have been employed to provide a rigid mount, many of these are complex, bulky, or difficult to mount or adjust.
A loader and tractor combination having the features described in the opening paragraph of this specification is disclosed in US-A-4,266,906. In mounting the loader on the tractor the channel member on the mast post is brought down onto the beam, which is on the tractor, and the tractor must then be driven forward to move the beam into proper engagement with the channel member.
The present invention provides an arrangement which avoids the need for this step of moving the tractor once the beam and channel member are in contact. The arrangement can be simple and can hold the mast post firmly in its operative position.
According to the present invention the channel member and beam are formed to allow swinging of the mast posts when the beam is received in the channel, and the portions have wedge apparatus arranged to hold the portions in wedging engagement against further swinging on the posts being swung to their upright position.
Since the mast posts are simply swung when the beams are received in the channel members to wedge the posts in their mounted position, the mounting of the loader can be easily carried out and does not require movement of the tractor after the beams are in the channel members.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a tractor with a loader attached thereto;
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a rear support structure for the loader of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a side view, partially in section, of the rear support structure of Fig. 2 showing a pocket of a corresponding mast post resting on a support tube with the forward end of the loader rotated downwardly;
Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 but showing the mast post in the mounted position;
Fig. 5 is a side perspective view of an overcentre latching lever of a front support structure on the loader;
Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but showing the latching lever in the latched position;
Fig. 7 is a front view of the loader when mounted on the tractor and showing the latching lever acting as both a structural member to tie forward mast arms together and as a grille guard for the tractor;
Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of the loader prior to dismounting with the latching lever in position to function as a parking stand;
Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but showing the loader rotated downwardly with the stand engaging the ground;
Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but showing the mast removed from the rear support so that the tractor may be backed away from the loader; and
Fig. 11 is a view showing the loader in a parked position with the tractor backed away from the loader.

Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a tractor 10 having a main frame 12 supported for forward movement (F) over the ground by front ground engaging wheels 14 and rear ground engaging wheels 16. A loader 20 is connected to the tractor frame 12 by left- and right-hand rear supports 22 and by front supports 24. The loader 20 is generally symmetrical about an upright longitudinal axis and includes a mast 26 having a pair of mast posts 28 releasably secured in position, as described in detail below, on the rear supports 22. A boom 30 includes rear boom arms 32 pivotally connected at their aft ends to the upper ends of the respective mast posts 28. A forward boom arm 34 extends downwardly from each of the arms 32 to a lower portion which is pivotally connected to a bucket 36 or other earth engaging implement.
Fixed to a portion of the mast post 28 below the boom pivot is a mast arm 40 which extends forwardly and generally horizontally to a forward mast arm portion 42 which in turn angles downwardly and forwardly to a lower front support engaging portion indicated generally at 44. Pivotally connected to the lower end of the mast arm portion 42 is a parking stand or lever structure 50 which also serves as a latch for maintaining the mast structure in position on the front end of the tractor, and as a grille guard and a structural member to tie the two mast arms together.
Boom cylinders 54 are connected between the central portions of the mast posts 28 and the front portions of the corresponding rear boom arms 32. Bucket actuating cylinders 56 are connected between the forward end of the boom arms 32 and the bucket 36. The cylinders 54 and 56 are operably connected through releasable hoses to the hydraulic system (not shown) on the tractor 10.
The left- and right-hand rear supports 22 and the corresponding lower ends of the mast posts 28 are configured to facilitate mounting and dismounting of the loader 20 with respect to the tractor frame 12 and automatically to provide a secure, tight fit as the loader is moved toward the mounted position. As best seen in Figs. 2-4, each rear support 22 includes a beam in the form of a mounting tube 62 connected to a plate 64 which in turn is connected by bolts 66 to the frame 12. A pair of flared plates 68 is rigidly fixed to the tube 62 at axially spaced locations to define a forwardly and upwardly opening, cradle-like structure 70 adapted to receive the lower end of the mast post 28. A rear upright wall 72 is connected between the aft ends of the flared plates 68. A wedge 74 having a lower downwardly and rearwardly inclined surface 76 is connected by a pair of bolts 78 to the upper portion of the rear wall 72. The wedge 74 may be adjusted vertically by loosening the bolts 78 and moving the assembly with respect to the rear wall 72.
The lower end of the mast post 28 includes a downwardly and slightly rearwardly opening pocket or channel 82 having a boundary generally conforming to the tube 62. The boundary is defined by a formed metal plate 84 having an upright front panel portion 86, a rearwardly and upwardly directed central panel portion 88, and a downwardly directed rear panel portion 92. As best seen in Fig. 2, the plate 84 is welded to the sides of the mast posts 28 and projects slightly outwardly from the sides of the posts to provide a wide stable base.
Adjacent the pocket 82, a block 94 is welded to the aft face of the post 28 above the rear panel 92 and includes a top surface which is generally parallel to the panel 92. An upright wall 96 is connected to the upper portion of the panel 92 adjacent the contact area of the panel with the tube 62 (Figs. 3 and 4) and is welded to the block 94 and to the sides of the mast posts 28. The block 94 is chamfered at its rear edge 98 to facilitate the sliding movement of the block into and out of engagement with the inclined surface 76 of the wedge 74 as the loader is mounted and dismounted, respectively.
During mounting of the loader 20, the mast posts 28 are raised, for example, by extending the boom cylinders 54, to the position shown in Fig. 10. The tractor 10 is then driven between the mast posts 28 until the mast pockets 82 are located directly above the rear supports 22. Thereafter the boom cylinders 54 may be retracted to cause the mast pockets 82 to settle onto the tubes 62 (Figs. 3 and 4) guided by the flared plates 68. Upon contact of the mast pockets 82 with the mounting tubes 62, the tubes become the pivot points for the loader and continued retraction of the boom cylinders 54 raises the mast arm 40 until the front support engaging portion 44 engages the front supports 24 (Figs. 5 and 8). As the mast posts 28 rotate in the clockwise direction (as shown in Figs. 3 and 4) toward the mounted position of Fig. 1, the block 94 is forced under the wedge 74 as the top of the block 94 slides against the inclined surface 76. In the final mounted position (Fig. 4) the wedge 74 urges the block 94 and the corresponding wall 96 and pocket 82 against the upper rear quadrant of the tube 62. The structure therefore provides a very secure fit of the mast posts 28 against the respective tubes 62 and automatically locks the respective post to its tube 62. As the rear mounting contact areas wear, the wedges 74 may be adjusted downwardly as necessary to ensure a snug fit. The mechanical advantage provided by the long moment arm from the tip of the bucket 36 to the block 94 may be utilized to force the block 94 between the wedge 74 and the tube 62 to create a tight fit. The long moment arm is also utilized to move the block 94 away from the wedge 74 when disconnecting the loader from the tractor. Due to the unique geometry of the rear support system described above, the loading from most of the loader operations, including forward ramming, drop and catch and digging, will actually tighten the connection at the rear supports 22.
Referring now to Figs. 1, 5-7 and 12, the operation of the parking stand 50 and the front support arrangement for securing the forward mast arm portions 42 to the forward portion of the tractor frame 12 will be described in detail. The forward mast arm portion 42 includes an upwardly opening, hook-like portion 102. A bracket 104 is connected to the tractor frame 12 and includes an outwardly projecting cylindrical bar member 106 adapted to engage the hook-like portion 102 upon raising of the forward end of the mast 26. The parking stand 50 includes upright side legs 110, each having a first end pivotally connected to the lower end of the mast arm portion 42 by a bolt 112. The opposite ends of the side legs 110 are connected by a transversely extending tubular beam 114 (Fig. 7) welded to the respective side legs. Each side leg 110 includes an upwardly opening hook 116 located adjacent the pivot bolt 112 for engaging the cylindrical member 106 (Fig. 6) upon upward rotation of the parking stand 50. Welded to each of the cylindrical members 106 is a forwardly opening guide member or plate 118 which helps channel the hook 116 onto the cylindrical member 106.
The parking stand 50 is rockable between a lowered parking position (Figs. 9-12) and a raised latching position (Figs. 1, 6 and 7). A spring-loaded pin assembly 122 is mounted on one side leg 110 between the hook 116 and the pivot area 112. Holes 124 (Fig. 5) and 126 (dotted lines of Fig. 6) are provided at the forward end of the lower mast arm portion 42. The hole 124 aligns with the springl-oaded pin assembly 122 when the parking stand 50 is in the latching position of Fig. 6, and pin 132 is biased into the hole 124 to secure the stand in the latched position. To rock the stand 50 toward the parked position, the pin 132 is pulled out from the hole 124, and the stand 50 is swung in the clockwise direction (Fig. 5) until the pin aligns with and enters the hole 126 to secure the stand in the parked position. The spring-loaded pin assembly 122 includes a spring 134 for biasing the pin toward the selected hole 124 or 126.
The inside of each mast arm portion 42 includes an upwardly projecting guide member 142 (Fig. 12) adjacent the area of the hook 102. The member 142 engages the bracket 104 to force the mast arm portion 42 into position as the front end of the mast 26 is raised. The guide members 142 help to position the forward ends of the mast arms 42 properly both transversely and in the fore-and-aft direction as the hook 102 moves into position on the cylindrical member 106.
To park the loader 20, assuming it is in the position shown in Fig. 1, the spring-loaded pin assembly 122 is released from the hole 124 and the parking stand 50 is rotated downwardly to disengage the hook 116 from the cylindrical member 106. The pin 132 engages the second hole 126 to secure the stand 50 in the parking position. The lift cylinders 54 are then extended (Fig. 9) to rock the front end of the mast 26 downwardly about the supports 22 until the lower end of the stand 50 touches the ground. As the forward end of the mast 26 is rotated downwardly, the block 94 (Fig. 3) rotates away from the wedge 74 at each rear support 22 to release the mast post 28 from the respective support. As the lift cylinders 54 continue to extend, the masts 28 are lifted from the rear supports 22 (Figs. 2 and 10). When adequate tyre clearance is achieved, the loader hydraulics are disconnected and the tractor 10 is backed out from between the mast posts 28. The loader 20 is supported in the parked position on the stand 50 and the bucket 36 as shown in Fig. 10. If desired, the cylinders 54 may be retracted to lower the mast posts 28 into ground-engaging positions as shown in Fig. 11.
To attach the loader the above steps are reversed. Assuming the loader is in the position shown in Fig. 11, the hydraulics are hooked up to the tractor and the cylinder 54 is extended to raise the mast post to the position shown in Fig. 10. The tractor 10 then is driven forwardly until the rear supports 22 are under the respective pockets 82 of the mast posts 28. By retracting the cylinders 54, the pockets 82 of the loader mast posts 28 settle onto the rear cradle structure 70 guided by the flared plates 68. Until the pockets 82 engage the tubes 22, the loader 20 rests and pivots about the tubular cross beam 114 on the ground. Once the pockets 82 engage the rear supports 22, the mounting tubes 62 become the pivot points for the loader. Continued retraction of the cylinders 54 raises the parking stand 50 from the ground as the forward end of the mast 26 rotates upwardly. At the same time, the block 94 (Fig. 4) is forced under the wedge 74. The mast 26 continues to rotate until the hook 102 engages the cylindrical member 106 (Fig. 5). The operator then grasps the stand 50 and, using the leverage provided by the length of the side legs 110, forces the hook 116 into engagement with the cylindrical member 106 to secure the front end of the mast 26 to the tractor frame 12. The pin 132 of the assembly 122 is biased into the hole 124 to maintain the parking stand in the latched position. In the latched position, the parking stand 50 acts as a grille guard or collision protector bar (Fig. 7) to protect the tractor grille against damage.

Claims

1. A tractor (10) and ground working implement (20) having an implement-supporting mast (26) which has on either side a mast post (28) which is upright when in its operative position and a mast arm (40) extending forwardly therefrom, the posts (28) and arms (40) being releasably attachable to the front end of the tractor (10) and the lower end of each mast post (28) having a mounting portion engageable with a mounting portion on the tractor which portions have a channel member (86, 88, 92) and beam (62) receivable therein for the said engagement characterized in that the channel member (86, 88, 92) and beam (62) are formed to allow swinging of the mast posts (28) when the beam (62) is received in the channel (82), and the portions have wedge apparatus (74, 94) arranged to hold the portions in wedging engagement against further swinging on the posts (28) being swung to their upright position.

2. A tractor and ground working implement according to claim 1 characterized in that the wedge apparatus comprises a wedge (74) and an abutment block (94) for the wedge (74), the wedge (74) being adjustable.

3. A tractor and ground working implement according to claim 1 or 2 in which the tractor (10) mounting portion has the beam (62) and the mast post (28) mounting portion has the channel member (86, 88, 92) characterized in that the beam (62) is tubular.

4. A tractor and ground working implement according to claims 2 and 3 characterized in that the tractor (10) mounting portion has the wedge (74) and the mast post (28) has the block (94).

5. A tractor and ground working implement according to any preceding claim characterized in that the beam (62) has a pair of plates (68) spaced apart thereon and rigid therewith which are flared so as to guide the channel member (86, 88, 92) and beam (62) into alignment for the beam (62) to be received in the channel (82).

6. A tractor and ground working implement according to claims 4 and 5 characterized in that the wedge (74) is mounted on a wall (72) rigid with, and extending between, the plates (68).

7. A tractor and ground working implement according to any preceding claim in which a parking stand (50) comprising a pair of legs (110) is connected to the mast arms (40) by its legs (110) characterized in that the connections (112) are pivotal and the stand (50) is arranged so that it can be swung about the connections (112) between a ground support parking position and a stored position.

8. A tractor and ground working implement according to claim 7 characterized in that the side legs (110) are arranged to latch the mast arms (40) in position when the mast arms (40) are attached to the tractor (10).

9. A tractor and ground working implement according to claim 8 characterized in that the tractor (10) has an attachment bar (106) projecting therefrom on either side, the mast arms (40) each have an upwardly opening hook (102) for engaging the corresponding attachment bar (106), and the legs (110) of the parking stand (50) each have a hook (116) for engaging the corresponding attachment bar (106) in the stored position which hook (116) is downwardly opening when engaged with the bar (106).

10. A tractor and ground working implement according to claim 9 characterized in that the attachment bar (106) has a guide plate (118) at its outer end for directing the corresponding leg hook (116) into engagement with the attachment bar (106).

11. A tractor and ground working implement according to any of claims 7 to 10 in which the parking stand (50) includes a transverse bar (114) rigid with the ends of the legs (110) further from the connections (112) with the mast arms (40) characterized in that the transverse bar (114) is disposed in the stored position ahead of the front grille of the tractor (10) as a collision protector bar therefor.